TorontoHye Newspaper Volume 8, #5-88 - February 2013

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Volume 8, No. 5 (88), February 2013 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

À. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 5 (88), ö»ïñáõ³ñ 2013 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ

ØÇ° Øáéݳù سëݳÏó»Éáõ ÐúØÇ ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ Ð³Ý·³Ý³Ï³ÛÇÝ Â»É»ÃáÝÇÝ Amnesty International Calls On Turkey to Investigate Attacks Against Armenian Women

Amnesty International called on the Turkish authorities to carry out a prompt, thorough and impartial investigation into the series of attacks on elderly Armenian women in Istanbul. In the last two months, four attacks, one of them fatal, took place in Samatya, an area historically inhabited by Armenians in central Istanbul. All four women are Turkish citizens of Armenian origin. The Turkish authorities have an obligation to investigate any alleged racist and/or religious bias behind the perpetration of these crimes. A failure to do so may amount to a violation of the European Convention of Human Rights, ratified by Turkey, and the prohibition of discrimination set forth by it. Hate crimes constitute a serious form of discrimination. State authorities have not only to refrain from discriminating themselves but also exercise due diligence to prevent and combat discrimination from private parties. It is regrettable that Turkish legislation does not foresee any legislative and policy measures ensuring that hate motives are systematically and thoroughly investigated and duly taken into account in the prosecution and sentencing. Police insist that they are investigating the cases thoroughly. However, Amnesty International is concerned at public see page 29

Ðñ³Ý¹ îÇÝùÇ ÜáõÇñáõ³Í Þ³µ³Ã³í»ñç äáÉë³Ñ³Û Ññ³å³ñ³Ï³·Çñ, Ùï³õáñ³Ï³Ý »õ §²Ïûë¦ Ã»ñÃÇ ËÙµ³·Çñ Ðñ³Ý¹ îÇÝùÇ ¹³Å³Ý ëå³Ýáõû³Ý í»ó»ñáñ¹ ï³ñ»ÉÇóÇÝ ³éÃÇõ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ»ó³Ý »ñ»ù Ó»éݳñÏÝ»ñ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝ¿Ý Ý»ñë: ²Ûë ³éÇÃáí, äáëÃÁÝ¿Ý Ññ³õÇñáõ³Í ¿ñ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ù³ëݳ·¿ïª Ãáõñù å³ïÙ³µ³Ý öñáý. ³ݻñ ²ùã³Ù: 18 ÚáõÝáõ³ñÇÝ, Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ öñáý. ³ݻñ ²ùã³ÙÇ The Young Turk s Crime Against Humanity. The Armenian Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing in the Ottoman Empire ·ÇñùÇ ßÝáñѳѳݹ¿ëÁ: Ò»éݳñÏÇ Ñáí³Ý³õáñáÕ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ ¿Çݪ гٳ½·³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û ÎñÃ³Ï³Ý »õ Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ØÇáõû³Ý §¶É³Óáñ¦ سëݳ×ÇõÕÝ áõ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ äáÉë³Ñ³Û Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÇõÝÁ: ¶ÇñùÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó öñáý. ²ùã³Ù, áñ Ëûë»ó³õ Çñ í»ñçÇÝ Ñ»ï³½ûïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, ½áñë ϳï³ñ³Í ¿ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáí ³ñ¹Ç ÂáõñùÇáÛ »õ úëٳݻ³Ý å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ³ñËÇõÝ»ñÁ: 19 ÚáõÝáõ³ñÇÝ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ½ñáÛóª öñáý. ²ùã³ÙÇ Ñ»ï: ¼ñáÛóÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í ¿ñ ÐÚ¸ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ØÇáõû³Ý ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ §ê. ¼³õ³ñ»³Ý¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ ù³-

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ͳ¹Çñ ³ñï³¹ñÇãÝ ¿ (Executive producer for the National Film Board of Canada, Ontario Centre)£ Ø»ñ ¹³ë³ËûëÇݪ îÇÏÇÝ êÇÉí³ ä³ëÙ³×»³ÝÇ Ï»Ýë³·ñáõÃÇõÝÁ, áñå¿ë ·ñáÕ ³ñï³¹Çã »õ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ³ñï³¹ñÇã ÏÁ ï³ñ³ÍáõÇ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 30 ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ »õ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 80 ³ñï³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ íñ³Û£ ²Ý ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõ³Í ³ñï³¹ñÇã ÙÁÝ ¿, êÇÉí³ ä³ëÙ³×»³Ý ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ²½·³ÛÇÝ üÇÉÙ³ñï³¹ñáõû³Ý ÊáñÑáõñ¹ÇÝ Ù¿ç, áñáõÝ ýÇÉÙ»ñÁ óáõó³¹ñáõ³Í »Ý ѳñÇõñ¿ ³õ»ÉÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ùµ³õ³õáñ ÷³é³ïûÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ³ß˳ñÑÇ µáÉáñ ͳ·»ñáõÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ä»ñÉÇÝÇ, ê³Ýï¿ÝëÇ »õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ÷³é³ïûÝ»ñáõÝ£ ²Ýáñ ³ñï³¹ñ³Í ýÇÉÙ»ñÁ, ³ñųݳó³Í »Ý ÛÇëáõÝ¿ ³õ»ÉÇ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ, ÇÝãå¿ë §Ö¿ÙÇݳۦ, §ÖÇÝǦ, §Ð³Ã î³ùë¦ »õ §ä¿Ýý¦Ç Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ£ ²Ý ³ñųݳó³Í ¿ §´Çå³ïǦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ »õ í»ñç»ñë, »ñÏáõ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ §¾ÙǦݻñáõ, ³é³çÇÝÁ áñå¿ë ·áñͳ¹Çñ ³ñï³¹ñÇã §ºñÏݳù»ñ¦ ýÇÉÙÇÝ, ÇëÏ »ñÏñáñ¹Á áñå¿ë ·áñͳ¹Çñ ³ñï³¹ñÇãÝ»ñ¿Ý ÙÇÝ §Î»³ÝùÁ á×ÇñÇ Ñ»ï¦ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ ³ñųݳó³Í ýÇÉÙÇÝ£ ²Ý ëï³ó³Í ¿ §ÎÇÝ»ñÁ üÇÉÙÇ »õ лé³ï»ëÇÉÇ Ù¿ç¦ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ý §´³ó³éÇÏ '3f»éùµ»ñáõÙ¦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÁ »õ 2002-ÇÝ ¾Éǽ³å¿Ã ³·áõÑÇÇ àëÏ»³Û Úᵻɻ³ÝÇ Ù»ï³ÉÁ£ àñå¿ë ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ²½·³ÛÇÝ üÇÉÙ³ñï³¹ñáõû³Ý ÊáñÑáõñ¹Ç ³Ý·Édzɻ½áõ ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í Ï»¹ñáÝÇ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ³ñï³¹ñÇã, ³Ý úÝóñÇû Ý³Ñ³Ý·Ç ³Ý·Édzɻ½áõ λ¹ñáÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñÝ ¿£ ܳ»õ ¹³ë³õ³Ý¹³Í ¿ ýÇÉÙÇ ³ñï³¹ñáõÃÇõÝ úùëýáñïÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ ïáõ³Í µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ¹³ë³ËûëáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ£ ²Ý Û³×³Ë ÏÁ Ññ³õÇñáõÇ áñå¿ë µ³Ý³Ëûë Çñ Ù³ëݳ·Çïáõû³Ý ÍÇñ¿Ý Ý»ñë£ ²Ý ÙÇßï ù³ç³É»ñ³Í ¿ ëÏëÝ³Ï ï³Õ³Ý¹Ý»ñÁ »õ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿ Ñáí³Ý³õáñ»É Ýáñ³Ñ³ë ýÇÉÙ³ñï³¹ñáÕÝ»ñÁ ÿ í³õ»ñ³·ñ³Ï³Ý »õ ÿ ·»Õ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ý µÝ³·³õ³éÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç£ ì»ñç»ñë, îÇÏÇÝ ä³ëÙ³×»³Ý, ³ñï³¹ÇãÝ ¿ñ ÐÇõåÁñ¹ î¿ÛíÇëÇ §¸ÇÙ³ÝϳñÁ¦ ýÇÉÙÇÝ »õ ѳٵ³õ³õáñ ¹»ñ³ë³Ý »õ µ»Ù³¹ñÇã ê³ñ³ öáÉÇÇ §Ø»ñ å³ïÙ³Í ä³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ¦ ýÇÉÙÇÝ, áñ ³ñųݳó³õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ýÇÉÙÇ ùÝݳ¹³ïÝ»ñáõ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ, ²É¿Ý øÇÝÏ í³õ»ñ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ýÇÉÙÇ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ »õ ðá×Áñë ɳõ³·áÛÝ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ýÇÉÙÇ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ£

International Women s Day Background: International Women s Day, originally called International Working Women s Day, is marked annually on the 8th of March. It is a major day of global celebration of women. The date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday. Conferences sponsored by the UN have coordinated efforts for women s rights and recognized the hard work and dedication to women around the world who are at the forefront of advancing women's issues. The messages given at these events often focus on themes such as innovation, the portrayal of women in the media, or the importance of education and career opportunities. In Armenia: After the collapse of the Soviet Union celebrations of IWD were officially abandoned. Instead, April 7 was introduced as a state holiday of Beauty and Motherhood. The new holiday immediately became popular among Armenians, as it commemorates one of the main holidays of the Armenian Church, the Annunciation. However, people continued celebrating IWD on March 8 as well. Public discussion held on the topic of two Women s Days in Armenia resulted in the recognition of the so called Women s Month which is the period between March 8 and April 7. A.R.S International Women s Day event: In 2010, the Roubina Chapter of the Armenian Relief Society (A.R.S) of Toronto, a non profit women s organization, decided to host their own International Women s Day event. The first guest speaker Dr Ann Cavoukian, Privacy commissioner of Ontario, captivated the audience with her incredible past and her story of ambition and persistence. As the event was sold out and received great feedback, A.R.S decided to make it an annual occurrence. In 2011, Ms. Armine Yalnizyan, an Economist, was the featured guest speaker. Ms.Yalnizyan spoke about the labour markets and income inequality focusing our attention on the growing income gap between the rich and the poor. In addition to the guest speaker we also featured a fashion show of items from Must Have Boutique.

In it s third year we featured Ms. Rita S. Karakas, Senior Advisor, Corporate Affairs and Business Development at the MacdonaldLaurier Institute, Canada's preeminent non-partisan policy think tank dealing with policy at the federal level. This year we are pleased to feature Ms. Silva Basmajian, who is the executive producer for the National Film Board of Canada, Ontario Centre. Guest Speaker for A.R.S International Women s Day Event 2013 Silva Basmajian s career as a writer, producer and executive producer spans over 30 years, and more than 80 productions. A critically-acclaimed producer with the National Film Board of Canada, Ms. Basmajian s films have screened at over 100 prestigious international film festivals around the world, including Berlin, Sundance, Toronto, and Amsterdam. Her productions have garnered over 50 awards, including multiple Geminis, Genies, Hot Docs Prizes and Banff Rockies. She has been awarded the Peabody Award, and recently two International Emmys, the first as executive producer for the internationally acclaimed Digital Production Highrise and the second as co-producer for the multi-award winning Life with Murder. She has been the recipient of the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Outstanding Achievement Award and Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth s Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002. As Executive Producer of the largest English language Centre of the NFB, Ms. Basmajian oversees English language production in the province of Ontario. Ms. Basmajian has taught film production at Oxford University, has given numerous lectures, and is often an invited panelist at industry functions. She has always been a supporter of up-and-coming talent and she continues to mentor emerging filmmakers in both documentary and fiction genres. Most recently, Ms. Basmajian was Executive Producer of Hubert Davis The Portrait, as well as Stories We Tell, directed by renowned Canadian actor and filmmaker Sarah Polley, which won two Toronto Film Critics Association awards: the Allan King Documentary Award and the Rogers Best Canadian Film Award.

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²ÝÃÇÉdzëÇ Î³ÃáÕÇÏáë³ñ³ÝÁ гɿå öá˳Ýó³Í ¾ Øûï Ø¿Ï ØÇÉÇáÝ îáɳñ ì»ñç»ñë ²ÝÃÇÉdzëÇ Ù³Ûñ³í³ÝùÇÝ Ù¿ç ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ²½·. λ¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý í³ñãáõû³Ý ÎñûÝ³Ï³Ý áõ ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáíÝ»ñáõ Édzϳï³ñ ÝÇëï»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õª ѳݹÇåáõÙÝ»ñ Ã»Ù³Ï³É ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñáõ Ñ»ï, Ññ³õ¿ñáí áõ ݳ˳·³Ñáõû³Ùµ ²ñ³Ù ². ϳÃáÕÇÏáëÇ: ÎñûÝ³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáíÁ ɳÛÝûñ¿Ý ùÝݳñÏ»ó Ø»ÍÇ î³ÝÝ ÎÇÉÇÏÇáÛ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáëáõû³Ý ÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý ¹³ëïdzñ³Ïáõû³Ý, ÎÇñ³ÏÝûñ»³Û í³ñųñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ, ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý, ØÇç»Ï»Õ»ó³Ï³Ý áõ ØÇçÏñûÝ³Ï³Ý Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ µ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÝ»ñáõÝ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁª ³ÝóÝáÕ ³ÙÇëÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õª Û³é³çÇϳÛÇ Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñÁ: êáõñÇáÛ Ñ³Ûáõû³Ý ûųݹ³Ïáõû³Ý ѳñóÁ ÿ° ²½·³ÛÇÝ Î»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý í³ñãáõû³Ý ÎñûÝ³Ï³Ý áõ ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáíÝ»ñáõÝ »õ ÿ ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñáõÝ Ñ»ï ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ѳݹÇåáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ »õë ³é³çݳѻñà ï»Õ ·ñ³õ³Í ¿: ²Ûë ³éÇÃáí, Ý³Ë Ï³ñ-

¹³óáõ»ó³õ ´»ñÇáÛ Ã»ÙÇ ³é³çÝáñ¹ Þ³Ñ³Ý ëñµ³½³ÝÇÝ Áݹ³ñÓ³Ï ½»ÏáÛóÁª ϳï³ñáõ³Í ûųݹ³Ïáõû³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ ßáõñç: Üß»Ýù, áñ ëñµ³½³ÝÁ ã¿ñ Ïñó³Í ³Ûë ÅáÕáíÝ»ñáõÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ïÝáõÇɪ гɿåÇ û¹³Ï³Û³ÝÇ ÷³ÏÙ³Ý å³ï׳éáí: ì»Ñ³÷³éÁ Çñ ·Ý³Ñ³ï³ÝùÝ áõ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÇõÝÁ Û³ÛïÝ»ó Ù»ñ µáÉáñ ûٻñáõÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ г۳ëï³ÝÇ å»ïáõû³Ý, ²Ù»Ý³ÛÝ Ñ³Ûáó ϳÃáÕÇÏáëáõû³Ý áõ ³ÛÝ µáÉáñ ·³ÕáõÃÝ»ñáõÝ, ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ áõ ³ÝÑ³ï ³½·³ÛÇÝÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù ûųݹ³Ï³Í ¿ÇÝ êáõñÇáÛ Ñ³Ûáõû³Ý í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáõÙÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ: ì»Ñ³÷³éÁ Û³ÛïÝ»ó, áñ ϳÃáÕÇÏáë³ñ³ÝÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ ó³ñ¹ ëï³óáõ³Í ßáõñç Ù¿Ï ÙÇÉÇáÝ ïáɳñÇÝ Ù»Í³·áÛÝ Ù³ëÁ ³ñ¹¿Ý ÇëÏ ÷á˳Ýóáõ³Í ¿ гɿåÇ ²½·. ³é³çÝáñ¹³ñ³Ý: ²Ý ³Ûë ³éÇÃáí Ïáã áõÕÕ»ó ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñáõÝ áõ Ù»ñ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ, áñ Ýá°ÛÝ á·Çáí ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý Çñ»Ýó ³ç³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁª ûųݹ³Ï»Éáõ ëáõñdzѳÛáõû³Ý ϳñÇùÝ»ñáõÝ:

ºñáõë³Õ¿ÙÇ Ð³Ûáó ä³ïñdzñùÁ ÀÝïñáõ»ó³õ

ÜáõñÑ³Ý ³ñù. سÝáõÏ»³Ý

ÚáõÝáõ³ñ 24-ÇÝ, ºñáõë³Õ¿Ù Ù¿ç ϳ۳ó³õ ºñáõë³Õ¿ÙÇ 97-ñ¹ гÛáó ä³ïñdzñùÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÁ: Ò³ÛÝ»ñáõ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµ` ºñáõë³Õ»ÙÇ Ð³Ûáó ä³ïñdzñù ÁÝïñáõ»ó³õ ÜáõñÑ³Ý ³ñù»åÇëÏáåáë سÝáõÏ»³Ý: î. ÜáõñÑ³Ý ³ñù»åÇëÏáåáë سÝáõÏ»³Ý (³õ³½³ÝÇ ³ÝáõÝáí` äûÕáë) ÍÝ³Í ¿ 1948-ÇÝ ÚáõÉÇë 22-ÇÝ, гɿåÇ Ù¿ç: ܳËÝ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÇõÝÁ ëï³ó³Í ¿ гɿåÇ Ð³Ûϳ½»³Ý í³ñųñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë: 1961-ÇÝ ÁݹáõÝáõ³Í ¿ ÎÇÉÇÏÇáÛ Î³ÃáÕÇÏáëáõû³Ý ²ÝÃÇÉdzëÇ ¹åñ»í³ÝùÁ: 1966-Ç ÁݹáõÝáõ³Í ¿ ºñáõë³Õ¿ÙÇ êñµáó Ú³Ïáµ»³Ýó ųé³Ý·³õáñ³ó í³ñųñ³ÝÁ: 1968 -Ç ÚáõÉÇë 27-ÇÝ Ó»éݳ¹ñáõ³Í ¿ ë³ñϳõ³·: 1971-Ç ÚáõÝÇë 15-ÇÝ Ó»éݳ¹ñáõ³Í ¿ Ïáõë³ÏñûÝ ù³Ñ³Ý³Û` Ó»é³Ùµ ºÕÇß¿ å³ïñdzñù î¿ñï¿ñ»³ÝÇ` í»ñ³Ïáãáõ»Éáí ÜáõñÑ³Ý ³µ»Õ³Û: 1971-1972 ųé³Ý·³õáñ³ó í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ÷áËï»ëáõãÝ ¿ñ: 1975 -Ç ÝáÛÝ í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ï»ëáõãÝ ¿ñ:

öºîðàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 88

7

êáõñdzѳۻñÁ Þ³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ú·ÝáõÃÇõÝ äÇïÇ êï³Ý³Ý §ú·ÝÇñ »Õµûñ¹¦ ݳ˳ӻéÝáõû³Ý »õ ÐúØÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ³Í û·ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Û»ï ³Ûëáõ ëáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ åÇïÇ ïñáõÇ ³Ù¿Ý ß³µ³Ã£ êÝݹ³Ùûñù¿Ý µ³óÇ ëáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ åÇïÇ µ³ÅÝáõÇÝ ÓÙ»é³ÛÇÝ Ñ³·áõëïÝ»ñ »õ µ³×ÏáÝÝ»ñ: ²õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 350 µ³×ÏáÝ Â³Ûáõ³Ý¿Ý áõÕ³ñÏ³Í ¿ ѳɿå³Ñ³Û µ³ñ»ñ³ñ ÚáíÇÏ Ú³Ïáµ»³ÝÁ: 400 ùÇÉáÏñ³Ù ¹»Õáñ³Ûù ѳë³Í ¿ üñ³Ýë³Û¿Ý »õ ¼áõÇó»ñdzۿÝ. Û³é³çÇϳÛÇÝ ûųݹ³ÏáõÃÇõÝ åÇïÇ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÇ Ý³»õ Ð³Û ²õ»ï³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ÏáÕÙ¿: êáõñdzѳۻñáõÝ å³ñ¿Ýáí ϳåáóÝ»ñ áõÕ³ñÏ³Í ¿ÇÝ Ý³»õ ²ñÙ³õÇñÇ ·ÇõÕ»ñ¿Ý, ÐÚ¸ §êÇÙáÝ ìñ³ó»³Ý¦ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ ³É µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³ÏÝáóÝ»ñ ïñ³Ù³¹ñ³Í ¿ª ï»ëáÕ³Ï³Ý ËݹÇñÝ»ñ áõÝ»óáÕ Ñ³Ûñ»Ý³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ: §²ñ³Ù سÝáõÏ»³Ý¦ Ï»¹ñáÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ûë ûñ»ñáõÝ Ï³Ù³õáñ ïÕáó ÷á˳ñ¿Ý ѳٳËÙµáõ³Í »Ý êáõñÇáÛ ú·Ýáõû³Ý ʳãÇ ÏÇÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ϳåáóÝ»ñ å³ïñ³ëï»Éáíª ÏÁ µ³ÅÝ»Ý Ï³ñÇù³õáñÝ»ñáõÝ£ ²ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ѳٳϳñ·¿ ÐúØÁ: ²Ûë ³Ý·³Ù ³ñ¹¿Ý ëÝáõÝ¹Ç ÷á-

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гɻå³Ñ³Ûáõû³Ý û·ÝáõÃÇõÝ ÷áõóÉáõ ѳٳñ íÇñ³Ñ³Ûáó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í ѳٻñ·:

1972-1973 Ý߳ݳÏáõ³Í ¿ ¼áõÇó»ñÇáÛ (ÄÝ»õ) ѳÛáó ûÙÇ Ñá·»õáñ ÑáíÇõ: 1973-ÇÝ ëï³ó³Í ¿ í³ñ¹³å»ï³Ï³Ý ³ëïÇ׳Ý: 1974-1980 Çëñ³Û¿ÉÇ (гÛý³-º³ý³) Ñá·»õáñ ÑáíÇõÝ ¿ñ: 1980-ÇÝ î. Âáñ·áÙ ³ñù»åÇëÏáåáë سÝáõÏ»³ÝÇ Ññ³õ¿ñáí Ù»ÏÝ³Í ¿ ÜÇõ ºáñù, áõë³Ý³Í »åÇëÏáåáë³Ï³Ý ÀݹѳÝáõñ ³ëïáõ³Í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë »õ ³õ³ñï³Í »é³Ù»³Û ¹³ëÁÝóóÁ: 1994-ÇÝ »Õ³Í ¿ ÐÇõëÃÁÝÇ (»ùë³ë) êáõñµ ¶¿áñ· »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Ñá·»õáñ ÑáíÇõ: 1998 -ÇÝ ÁÝïñáõ³Í ¿ ºñáõë³Õ¿ÙÇ ê. ²ÃáéÇ Éáõë³ñ³ñ³å»ï: 1999-Ç ¸»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ 14-ÇÝ Ó»é³Ùµ ²Ù»Ý³ÛÝ Ð³Ûáó ¶³ñ»·ÇÝ ´. γÃáÕÇÏáëÇ Ó»éݳ¹ñáõ³Í »õ ûÍáõ³Í ¿ »åÇëÏáåáë: 2009-ÇÝ ºñáõë³Õ¿ÙÇ Ð³Ûáó å³ïñdzñù ³Ù»Ý³å³ïÇõ î. Âáñ·áÙ ³ñù»åÇëÏáåáë سÝáõÏ»³Ý ·»ñ³ßÝáñÑ î¿ñ ÜáõñÑ³Ý ³ñù»åÇëÏáåáëÁ Ý߳ݳϻó å³ïñdzñù³Ï³Ý ÷á˳Ýáñ¹:

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ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ 26, ö³ñǽ: ÈáÛë ø³Õ³ùÇ ëñïÇÝ íñ³Û` ز¼²ðÆÜ Ø³ï»Ý³¹³ñ³Ý: ö³ÛÉ áõÝ»óáÕ ¹³ñ³õáñ ß¿Ýù ÙÁ: Ø»ÍÕÇ ë»Õ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ³éç»õ Ýëï³Í »Ý ·ÉË³Ñ³Ï Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ` ·Çñù»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹ÇÝ ³ÝÓݳïáõñ: ²Ýó»³É »õ Ùï³õáñ ųé³Ý·áõÃÇõÝ Ï°Çõñ³óÝ»Ý: Þ³ñáõݳϳÝáõÃÇõÝ Ï°³å³Ñáí»Ý: سñ¹ÇÏ, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ, ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÇÝ ïÇñáõÃÇõÝ ÁÝáÕ ùáõñÙ»ñÁ ï³×³ñÇÝ: êñ³Ñ ÙÁ: ÎñÏÇÝ ëñ³Ñ ÙÁ: ÜáÛÝ ËáÑáõÝ ¹¿Ùù»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ù»ñ ³ÝóùÁ ã»Ý Ýϳï»ñ ³Ý·³Ù: ÎÁ ù³É»Ýù ³ÝËûë: ¶ñ»Ã¿ Ù»ñ Ù³ïÝ»ñáõÝ íñ³Û: ºñÏÇõÕ³Íáõû³Ùµ: ºÏ»Õ»óÇÝ»ñ ³Ûó»ÉáÕ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏÝ»ñ ãÏ³Ý Ñáë: ÎÁ Û³ÛïÝáõÇÝ ³å³Ï»¹³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç, ÇÝãå¿ë Ëáñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ, µ³óáõ³Í ѳ۳ï³é ·Çñù»ñ, áñáÝóÙ¿ ÏÁ ׳鳷³Ûÿ Ñ³Û Ù³ñ¹áó ÙÇïùÇ »õ ѳõ³ïùÇ ÉáÛëÁ` ÑÇÝ· ¹³ñ»ñáõ Ëáñù¿Ý, ÇÝãå¿ë` Ñ»é³õáñ ѳٳëï»ÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÉáÛëÁ: ä»ïáõÃÇõÝ ãáõÝ»óáÕ ³½·Ç ÙÁ ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñÁ, ³ëï³Ý¹³Ï³Ý, Ùß³ÏáÛÃÁ, ·ÇñÁ, ·ÇñùÁ, ѳÛñ»ÝÇù ¹³ñÓáõó³Í »Ý ÑáÝ, áõñ Çñ»Ýó ٳ˳ÕÁ ·»ïÇÝ ¹ñ³Í »Ý: Ð³Û ïå³·ñáõû³Ý 500-³Ù»³ÏÁ ³éÇÃ` Ñ³Û ·ÇñÝ áõ ·ÇñÁ å³ÝͳóÝ»Éáõ: ²Ù»³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ»ï, áñáÝù Ï°³Ýó-

ÝÇÝ ³ÛÉ»õë ß³ï ³ñ³·, ѳۻñ¿Ý ·ÇñùÇÝ Ñ»ï ÏÁ ËáñóݳÝù ß³ï ³ñ³·: ¼³ÛÝ ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ýù ÇÝãå¿ë óݷ³ñ³ÝÇ Çñ»ñÁ, »Ã¿ å³ï³ÑÇ, áñ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï áõݻݳÝù® óݷ³ñ³Ý ³Ûó»É»Éáõ: ø³ÝÇ áñ ß³ñ³Ï³ÝÇ í»ñ³Í³Í »Ýù ³Ù¿Ý µ³Ý ³ñ¹³ñ³óÝáÕ §Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ãϳݦ: ²Ýó»É³µáÛñ »õ ì³Ñ³·ÝÇ ³é³ëå»ÉÁ å³ïÙáÕ ·Í³·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáí ѳۻñ¿Ý ÏÇõûÙå»ñÏ»³Ý ï³é»ñ: γ½Ùáõ³Í ѳïáñÝ»ñ: ²ÝáõÝÝ»ñ: ¶Çï³ß˳ïáÕÝ»ñÁ, ³Ý¹ÇÝ, Çñ»Ýó µ³ÝÇÝ »Ý: ²Û¹ ·Çñù»ñáõÝ Ù³ëÇÝ É볱ͻÝ, ã»±Ý Éë³Í: êñ³ÑÇ ³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ Ù¿ç, ï³ëÝ»³Ï ÙÁ ëïáõ»ñÇ ÝÙ³ÝáÕ Ñ³Û áõËï³õáñÝ»ñ ϳÝ: ÎÁ ¹Çï»Ý, ÏÁ ϳñÍ»Ý ùÝÝ»É, ÏÁ ÷áñÓ»Ý Ï³ñ¹³É, ÏÁ ßñçÇÝ: Ö³÷áÝ ³åñ³Í »õ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñ µÝ³ÏáÕ Û³õ»ñÅÇ ×³Ùµáñ¹ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏ ÙÁ, ÇÝùÝáõû³Ý óñÙáõÃÇõÝ å³Ñ³Í ѳëáõÝ ï³ñÇùÇ »ñ»ù ÏÇÝ»ñ, ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ »ñ¿óÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ³ÍÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ýó»³É »õ Çñ»Ýó Ýáõ³ÕáÕ ³Ýó»³ÉÁ ÏÁ ÷Ýïé»Ý: ê»õ³Ñ»ñÝ»ñ ãÏ³Ý ³Ûë áõËï³õáñÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç: ƱÝã ·áñÍ áõÝÇÝ Ñáë: ¶Í³·ñáõû³Ý ϳñÇù ϳ±Û »ñ»õ³Ï³Û»Éáõ ѳٳñ å³ïÏ»ñÁ: Ú³ÝÏ»ñ·Ç í»ñ³Íáõ³Í §úï³ñÇÝ Í³Ýûóóݻɦáõ ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³Ý-

ù¿Ý Ù»Ýù áñáß³Í »Ýù ãû·ïáõDZÉ: γÙ` Ù»Ýù ³ñ¹¿Ý ͳÝûóó³±Í »Ýù »õ Ù³ñ¹³ëÇñ³Ï³Ý á·Çáí ÏÁ ¹³éݳÝù ¹¿åÇ ûï³ñÁ: гñëï³óÝáÕ Ñ³Û ·Çñù»ñ, ѳÛáõ ·Çñù»ñ, Ø»Í Ø³ï»Ý³¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç: àëÏÇÇ Ñ³ÝùÝ ³É å¿ïù ¿ ÷áñ»É: ²Ù¿Ý ûñ ·ÇÝ»ÓûÝáí µ³óáõÙ ãÇ Ï³ï³ñáõÇñ: ¸»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ 7, ä¿ÛñáõÃ: гÛϳ½»³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý: ÎñÏÇÝ Ñ³Û ïå³·ñáõû³Ý 500-³Ù»³Ï: ÆÝùݳïÇå ·³Õ³÷³ñ: òáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ë¿Ý ³é³ç Ëûëáõ»ó³õ Èǵ³Ý³ÝÇ Ù¿ç Ñ³Û ïå³·ñáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ »õ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõ»ó³Ý Ñ³Û ïå³ñ³Ý³ï¿ñ»ñÁ, ïå³·ñÇãÝ»ñÁ, Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏÇãÝ»ñÁ: öáùñÇÏ çáϳï ÙÁ: ´³ñ»µ³Ëï³µ³ñ Ñáí, ÷áÃáñÇÏ, ËËáõÙ ¹³ñÓÝáÕ ï»Õ³ï³ñ³÷, »ñÏݳé³ù å³ïñáõ³Ï ¿ÇÝ ëñ³ÑÁ É»óáõ³Í ãï»ëÝ»Éáõ ïËñáõÃÇõÝÁ µ³ó³ïñáÕ: Ø»Í ÃÇõáí ïå³ñ³Ý³ï¿ñ »õ ïå³·ñ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáí ½µ³ÕáÕÝ»ñ ϳÝ: ȳ¯õ áñ ϳÝ: ´³Ûó áã áù ÏÁ ½³ñٳݳÛ, áñ ³ÝáÝó ß³ñùÇÝ Ðð²î²ð²ÎÆâ (ϳ٠Ðð²î²Îâ²îàôÜ) ãϳÛ, µ³éÇÝ ÉÇÇñ³õ ÇÙ³ëïáí, áñ Û³ÝÓÝ Ï°³éÝ¿ Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÇÝ ·áñÍÇÝ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÏÁ ½µ³ÕÇ ³Ýáñ óñáõáõÙáí, Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÇÝ Çñ³õáõÝù Ïáõ ï³Û »õ í׳ñáõÙ Ï°ÁÝ¿: ´³Ûó ³Û¹ ÇÝã忱ë åÇïÇ Ï³ñ»Ý³Û ÁÝ»É, »ñµ ·ñ³ïáõÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ÷³ÏáõÇÝ, г۳ëï³Ý

»õ ë÷Çõéù, »ñµ ÉÏïÇ Ï»ñåáí ÏÁ Éë»Ýù, áñ §·ÇñùÁ »Õ³Í ¿ Ýáõ¿ñ ïñáõ»Éáõ ѳٳñ¦, µ³ñ»Ï³Ù ÙÁ ¹»é Ýáñ Ï°Áë¿ñ, áñ åÇïÇ Ñ³ëÝÇÝù ÑáÝ, áñ` §¹ñ³Ù åÇïÇ ï³Ýù, áñ ·ÇñùÁ ϳñ¹³Ý¦® гÛϳ½»³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ëñ³ÑÁ µ³½Ùáõû³Ùµ ã¿ñ Ûáñ¹»ñ, Ûáñ¹³é³ï ³ÝÓñ»õ ϳñ: ºÃ¿ ÝáÛÝ ûñÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ï³Ù ²ñó³ËÇ Ïáñëáõ³Í Ù¿Ï ·ÇõÕÇ ·ÇõÕ³å»ïÇÝ Ç å³ïÇõ ·ÇÝ»ÓûÝ ÙÁ ÁÉɳñ, »Ã¿ ûï³ñ Ù»Í Ï³Ù å½ïÇÏ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¹¿ÙùÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ ÁݹáõÝ»ÉáõÃÇõÝ ÁÉɳñ, ϳ٠ûï³ñ³É»½áõ §Ñ³Û³Ýå³ëï¦ Ï³Ù §Ñ³Ûϳϳݦ ѳٳñáõ³Í µáí³Ý¹³Ïáõû³Ùµ ·Çñù ÙÁ ÉáÛë ï»ëÝ¿ñ, »ûÃÁ ³Ý·³Ù »ûóݳëáõÝ åáñï Ñ»éáõ¿Ý »õ »ûÃÁ ³Ý·³Ù »ûóݳëáõÝ Ã³Õ»ñ¿Ý Ù»Í áõ å½ïÇÏ Ïáõ ·³ÛÇÝ Çñ³¹³ñÓáõÃ»Ý¿Ý µ³ó³Ï³Û ãÁÉɳÉáõ ѳٳñ: ÐÇÝ· ѳñÇõñ ï³ñÇ ³é³ç ëÏë³Í Ñ³Û ïå³·ñáõû³Ý »õ Ñ³Û ·ÇñùÇ §ë³Ï³¦Ý åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳÏáõDZ, ÿ± ³ëáÝù í»ñçÇÝ Ññ³í³éáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý: ²Ýµáí³Ý¹³Ï Ñå³ñïáõû³Ùµ ÇÝã忱ë ÏñݳÝù ݳËÏÇÝÇ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÃÇõÝÁ ÁÉɳÉ, ѳñóáõÙ ¿` Ñ»ï»õáõû³Ùµ ìÇ·¿Ý Ê»ãáõÙ»³ÝÇ: Æ ¹¿å, á±í ¿ ìÇ·¿Ý Ê»ãáõÙ»³Ý® 1835-ÇÝ ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í гÛñ ÆÝ×Ç×»³ÝÇ §ÐݳËûëáõÃÇõÝù¦ ·ÇñùÇÝ ÏáÕùÇ Ý»ñëÇ ¿çÁ »Ã¿ ³ñï³·ñ»Ù, ³Ûëûñ ³ÙãóáÕÝ»ñ ÏñÝ³Ý ÁÉɳɮ

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¶³Ý·³ï»Éáí ï»Õ ã»Ýù ѳëÝÇñ« ÇÙ³ó¿ù« ³çÇÝ« Ó³ËÇÝ ³Ý×Çß¹ Ëûëù»ñ Ý»ï»Éáí« ½Çñ³ñ ëÇñáÕ å¿ïù ¿ ¹³éݳÝù ³½·áíÇÝ Ùdzëݳϳ٠å¿ïù ¿ ³åñÇÝù ·áñÍ»Éáí: àã áù ÏñÝ³Û ï¿ñÁ ¹³éÝ³É Ù»ñ Ï»³ÝùÇÝ« ÙdzÛÝ Ù»Ýù »Ýù ï¿ñÁ ³Ýáñ í»ñ»ÉùÇÝ« áã áù ÏñÝ³Û ëáõï µ³é»ñáí Ù»½ í³ñ»É áõ Ï»³ÝùÁ Ù»ñ ëÇÝ Ëûëù»ñáí ûñûñ»É: Ø»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »ñµ Éù»Éáí Ù»Ýù Ï°»ñóÝù ûï³ñ ÑáÕ»ñ ѳݷëïáõÃÇõÝ ÷Ýïé»Éáí« ¹³õ³×³Ý³Í Ï°ÁÉɳÝù »ñÏñÇÝ« ѳÛáõû³Ý« Ù»ñ ³ÝÓ»ñÁ ûï³ñÝ»ñáõÝ ½áÑ ï³Éáí:

Ýáñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇù Ï»ñï»Éáõ: Ü»ñϳÛÇë г۳ëï³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç« Ýáñ §ê³ñ¹³ñ³å³ï¦ ÙÁ Ï°³åñÇÝù: ºñµ»ù Ùï³Í³±Í »Ýù ³Ûë Ýáñ³Ó»õ å³Ûù³ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ©©©:´³Ûó ³ÝóÝÇÝù... ²Ûë ѳÛñ»Ý³å³ßï³Ï³Ý ÙïáñáõÙÝ»ñë« áñáÝù µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ÁÉɳɿ ß³ï Ñ»éáõ »Ý« ëÇñáí ÏÁ ÝáõÇñ»Ù ²Ã¿ÝùÇ« ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ »õ ²ñ³·³ÍáïÝÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇ ·ÇõÕ»ñ¿Ý àõßÇÇ Ñ³ñÇõñ³õáñ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõë áõ Ýáñ³Ñ³ë ë»ñáõݹÇÝ« Ç ë÷Çõéë ³ß˳ñÑÇ: Ðáë ·ñ³ÍÝ»ñë« ÇÝãå¿ë ÙÇßï« ëñï¿ë µË³Í ½·³óáõÙÝ»ñ »Ý áõ ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ³ÝÏ»ÕÍ: г۳ëï³Ý ³Ù¿Ý µ³Ý¿ í»ñ« ³Ûë »Õ³Í ¿ ÙÇßï ÇÙ Ï»³ÝùÇ Ý߳ݳµ³ÝÁ:

гÛñ»Ý³å³ßïáõÃÇõÝ Üáõ¿ñª ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõë »ñ»õë Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ©©© »ñ»õë Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ó³ÝÓñ³Ý³Ý ÇÝÓÙ¿ »ñµ ³Ù¿Ý ³Ý·³Ù г۳ëï³Ý Áë»Ù« µ³Ûó ÇÝÍÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ áõñÇß »Éù ãÏ³Û Ù»ñ ÷ñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ »ë ÑáÝ ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»Ù: ºë ÏÁ ÝÙ³ÝÇÙ ³ÛÝ í³Ý³Ï³ÝÇÝ áñ ûñ áõ ·Çß»ñ ½²ëïáõ³Í ÏÁ ·áí¿« ½Ç Çñ»Ý ѳٳñ áõñÇß Ýå³ï³Ï áõñÇß ëñµáõÃÇõÝ ãÏ³Û Ï»³ÝùÇÝ Ù¿ç: Æñ»Ý å¿ë »ë ³É ëñµ³ç»ñÙ ï»Ýãáí ¹¿åÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇù Ï° »ñÃ³Û ÇÙ Ñá·ÇÝ« ¹¿åÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹« ¹¿åÇ Ñ³ÛáõÃÇõÝ« ¹¿åÇ ³å³·³Ý ÇÙ å³ßï³Í ³½·ÇÝ: ¼Ç ÏÁ ѳõ³ï³Ù »ñµ ³½·ë ÙÝ³Û Û³õÇï»Ý³Ï³Ý ѽûñ »õ ³Ý·ÇÝ« ²ëïáõ³Í ³É ÝáÛÝå¿ë Û³õ»ñÅ ÏÁ ¹³éÝ³Û ³ß˳ñÑÇÝ íñ³Û ݳ»õ »ñÏÝùÇÝ:

ÄáÕáíáõñ¹Ý ¿ Ù»ñ ³å³·³Ý« ÇÙ³ó¿ù« áñù³Ý ÏñݳÝù ³Ýáñ Ý»óáõÏ Ù»Ýù ϳݷÝÇÝù« ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ÇÝ »Ã¿ ÏéÝ³Ï ¹³ñÓÝ»Ýù ûï³ñÇÝ Ùûï Ýáñ¿Ý ëïñáõÏ Ï°ÁÉɳÝù Ù»Ýù: гÛñ»ÝÇùÇ ÑáÕÁ ëáõñµ ¿ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ« áã Ù¿Ï áõñÇß ûï³ñ ÑáÕÇ ÝÙ³Ý ã¿« Ñá°Ý ÏÁ ï»ëݻ٠ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Çë ³å³·³Ý Ñá°Ý ¿ áñ Ù»Ýù å¿ïù ¿ ³åñÇÝù ÙdzϳÙ:

ºñ³½Ý»ñÇ Ð³Ý·ñáõ³Ý ²õÇÏ î¿ÛÇñÙ¿Ý×»³Ý ¶³ÉÇë »Ù ·ÇñϹ` ÑáÕ Ç٠г۳ëï³Ý, ì»Ñ ï³×³ñÝ»ñÇ ß¿ÝßáÕ ³Ý¹³ëï³Ý, àõ½áõÙ »Ù µáõÅ»É í¿ñù»ñÝ ÇÙ µáÉáñ, øá ·ñÏáõÙ ·ïÝ»É Ñ³Ý·Çëï áõ ³Ý¹áññ:

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ÆÙ Ù³Ûñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇù, ÇÙ Ñá·áõ ³Ùñáó, Ú³ÕóݳÏÝ»ñÇ Ýáñûñ»³Û ¹³ñµÝáó, γåáõ³Í ¿ Ñá·Çë É»éÝ»ñǹ ³Ýå³ñï, ÞÝãáõÙ »Ù Ñ»éáõÇó µáÛñ¹ ѳñ³½³ï:

سñ·³ñ¿³ó³Í Ý߳ݹ Ï'³õ»ï¿, Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç Ññ³Íáñ³Ý ëñï»ñ¿Ý ͳ·áÕª ³ñ»õÝ »ë ßáÕ³µ³ßË, Ñå³ñï, »õ »é³Ý¹áõÝ, áÕç³ÏǽáõáÕ, ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç¹ ·áÛ³ï»õÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ:

¶³ÉÇë »Ù ù»½ Ùûï` »ñÏÇñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇ, ØÇ³Ï ³å³ëï³Ý Ç٠ϳñûïÝ»ñÇ, ø»½Ýáí ¿ ÙdzÛÝ ëÇñïë ˳ճÕõáõÙ, ø»½Ýáí ¿ »ñ³½Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý³ÝáõÙ:

гÛñ»ÝÇ óáñ»³Ý ³ñï»ñáõÝ »õ í»Ñ ë³ñ»ñáõÝ, ÏÁ ë÷é»ë ÉáÛë, ÛáÛë »õ ëÝáõݹ, Ñ»ñÏ³Í ×³Ý³å³ñѹ ª å³Ñ»Éáí ÙÇßï åïÕ³õ¿ï:

ÀݹáõÝǯñ áñ¹áõ¹` ³ß˳ñÑ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý, ÆÙ å³Ý¹áõËï Ñá·áõ ÙÇ³Ï Ñ³Ý·ñáõ³Ý®

سëÇëÇÝ Ååï³Éáíª ²ñ³ùë¿Ý ³Ý¹ÇÝ, ßáÛ³Ýùǹ ϳñûï Ù³Ûñ³ÙáõïÇÝ, ËáݳñÑ»Éáí Ï'Çç»õ³Ý»ë ³Ýáñ ÏáÕùÇÝ ÝÝç»Éáõ ·ñÏÇÝ, 볯ñ¹ ëá¯õñµ, ãÃáÕ»Éáí ٻݳÏ:

ø³ñ»Ïáõé ÊáÛ³Ýù

ÆëÏ »ñµ ѳÛñ»ÝÇù¹ ¿ ˳õ³ñÇݪ ßáÕ»ñá¯õ¹ óáÉùÝ ¿, ÉáõëÝÇ ÉáÛëÁ áõÕճѳۻ³ó, ÑëÏáÕÁ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇ ë³ñ»ñáõ ϳï³ñÇÝ ª ³ß˳ñѳë÷Çõé ³ëïÕ»ñáõ¹ ÷³Õ³Ý·ÇÝ ·ñÏÇÝ:

ø³ñ»Õ¿Ý Ññ³¯ßù` ÑáÕ Ç٠ѳÛñ»ÝÇ, ÌÝáõݹ »ë ïáõ»É ïáÏáõÝ ÙÇ ³½·Ç, àñ ù³ñÇÝ ÷³ñáõ»É, ù³ñ»ñáí ³åñ»É, ø³ñ É»éÝ»ñÇ Ù¿ç ¹ñ³Ëï ¿ Ï»ñï»É:

гÛÁ ÙÇßï åÇïÇ ï»ëÝ¿ ù»½, سëÇëÇ ÏáÕù¿Ý µ³ñÓñ³óá¯Õ, ³Ûë ³Ý·³Ù ÏñÏÇÝ Ñå³ñï, »é³Ý¹áõÝ »õ ßáÕ³µ³ßË, ³ñ»õ»ÉùÇÝ ³¯É ßáÛ»Éáíª ßÕóÛáõ³Í Ù»ñ ë³ñÁ ³ñù³Û , ³ñ»·³Ïáí¹ Ã³·³¹ñ»Éáí ³Ýáñ ·³·³ÃÁ ³É»Ñ»ñ: øáõ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï »õ áëÏ»³Û ·áõݹÇÝ ï³Ï, ÙÇßï Ùßï³í³é »õ ç»ñÙ»é³Ý¹ª åÇïÇ ¹³éݳÝù Ù»Ýù ØÇ³ó»³¯É Ð³Û³ëï³Ý:

13

àñå¿ë ëÏǽµ

سñ·³ñ Þ³ñ³å˳ݻ³Ý

î³ñÇÝ»ñáí ê÷Çõéù å³Ñ»óÇÝù« å³ïÇõ Ù»½« ½Ç áõ½»óÇÝù« áñ Ñ³Û ÙݳÝù« ³ÛÝå¿ë 㿱« µ³Ûó µÝ³Ï³Ý å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõ µ»ñáõÙáí ï³ñáõ¿ ï³ñÇ Ù»Ýù ÓáõÉáõ»ó³Ýù ïáϳÉáí:

öºîðàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 88

ìÇßïÁ ÏÇë»É ¿ ù³ñÇ Ñ»ï ÙdzÛÝ, ø³ñÁ ¹³ñÓñ»É ¿ µ»ñ¹, ³Ùñáó, í³Ñ³Ý, ¸³ñÓñ»É ¿ ¶»Õ³ñ¹, ¼áõ³ñÃÝáó, ²ÝÇ` ø³ñ³Ïáõé íÏ³Û ù³ñ¿ ËáÛ³ÝùÇ: ð³ýýÇ ê³ñ·Ç뻳Ý

ÂáñáÝÃû 2013

¿Ïáõ½ ³ß˳ñÑÁ ïÇ»½»ñù ѳëÝÇ, Ø»Ýù ÙݳÉáõ »Ýù ûññ³Ý ù³ñ»ñÇ, ²ÝÓ³ÛÝ ù³ñ»ñÁ ËûëáõÝ åÇï ¹³ñÓÝ»Ýù, ²ÝÙ³ÑáõÃÇõÝÁ ù³ñ»ñáí ÃñÍ»Ýù:

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öºîðàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 88

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öºîðàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 88

Razmik Panossian Appointed as Director of Armenian Communities for Gulbenkian Foundation

The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation announced today the appointment of Dr. Razmik Panossian as the new Director of the Armenian Communities Department in Lisbon. He will assume the post on Feb. 1, 2013. Panossian holds a Ph.D. from the London School of Economics and Political Science, where he also taught. He has published widely on Armenian-related issues, including a critically acclaimed book on Armenian national identity. He has extensive experience in senior management, including the administration of multi-million dollar programs, as well as the allocation and distribution of international development grants. For many years he served as the Director of Policy, Programmes and Planning at a Canadian governmental organization based in Montreal. He has worked for the United Nations Development Program. He is fluent in English, French and Armenian. I am both thrilled and humbled by this appointment, said Panossian. This is one

of the most important positions in the Armenian diaspora. I am looking forward to continuing the work of my predecessors and further strengthening and expanding the activities of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in a focused and systematic manner within Armenian communities around the world. Martin Essayan, the Trustee responsible for the Armenian Communities Department, and great grandson of Foundation founder Calouste Gulbenkian, said: I am delighted that Dr. Panossian will be the new Director of the Armenian Communities Department. He comes with outstanding credentials for this role and brings the international, integrative perspective we need. The appointment followed a global search during which we were able to consider many excellent candidates. Based in Lisbon The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation is one of the top ten Foundations in Europe and one of the largest in the world with assets of 3 billion and annual spend of around 100 million. It operates in four areas defined in its statutes: Arts, Education, Science, and Social Welfare. The Armenian Communities Department dates back to the creation of the Foundation and was set up by the founder s son-in-law Kevork Essayan. Since then the trustee in charge has always been a member of the founder s family. The mission of the department is: to create a viable future for the Armenian people in which their culture and language are preserved and valued . Its work is inspired by the example of the founder who never forgot his Armenian roots but sought to engage with non Armenians and to bring different groups together

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Katherine Sarafian Wins Golden Globe for Brave

Katherine Sarafian accepting the Golden Globe, January 13, Los Angeles.

Katherine Sarafian, producer of the animated feature film, Brave, took home a Golden Globe award Sunday night when her film won for Best Animated Feature Film. This is a good omen for Sarafian and her film, since Brave is nominated for both an Annie Award and an Academy Award. Both will be announced next month at their respective award ceremonies. The Annie Awards will be handed out on February 2 while the Academy Awards will take place on February 24.

Sarafian and Brave director Mark Andrews, who accepted the award, took the stage during Sunday s ceremony at the Beverly Hilton Hotel. Brave, which was a critical and box office success last summer, was produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. Brave competed for the Golden Globe alongside Frankenweenie, Hotel Transylvania, Rise of the Guardians and Wreck-It Ralph.

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

Hagop Janbazian and Hratch Najarian Awarded Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medals On January 24, two members o f t h e To r o n t o A r m e n i a n community, Hagop Janbazian and Hratch Najarian, were awarded with Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medals at Queen's Park. O n ta r i o s C i t i z e n s h i p a n d Immigration Minister Michael Chan, who presided over the ceremony, lauded the awardees for making a difference, for their inspiration and example, and for their constant efforts to foster a better community. Hagop Janbazian was awarded the Diamond Jubilee Medal for his years of service to the Canadian Armenian community at large. Janbazian s nomination referenced his multi-faceted work on various national, regional and local committees and initiatives within Canadian-Armenian political,

Jim Rankin

religious, and social realms. Also highlighted were Janbazian s contributions as an artist. He has designed and generously donated several works of art dedicated to the victims of the Jewish Holocaust, fallen Canadian soldiers abroad and the victims of the Armenian Genocide. Hratch Najarian was awarded the Diamond Jubilee Medal for his years of service within the panArmenian sport and scouting organization, Homenetmen. Najarian s nomination referenced his years of service within the national, regional and local bodies of Homenetmen. Also highlighted were Najarian s contributions to Scouts Canada and scouting within the Canadian-Armenian community.

Recipients of Queen Diamond Jubilee Medals Hagop Janbazian and Hratch Najarian with Ontario Citizenship and Immigration minister Michael Chan.

Back patient Sevan Hajinian shutout in Ontario but finds relief in New York

On Sunday to celebrate Armenian Christmas Sevan Hajinian intends to walk into Holy Trinity Armenian Apostolic Church in east Toronto and give thanks to those who made a potentially life-changing back surgery possible. The province of Ontario will not be among them. Friends and supporters, with the help of the church, raised $120,000 for a Dec. 4 surgery in New York City, which Hajinian says five Canadian spinal surgeons would not touch and the Ontario Health Insurance Plan would not fund. Hajinian, 52, arrived home on a flight from New York Saturday after a month of recuperating there from surgery to repair the fallout from back surgery performed in Ontario in 1999. I want the people at church to see me and that, you know what, I m in good spirits, and the fundraising that they are doing served its purpose, said Hajinian, sitting comfortably in the living room of her brother s home with a smile on her face that left only when talking of her ordeal in Canada. Since 2008, Hajinian has had a U.S. doctor s opinion that she required complex surgery to correct failed fusions and pressure from a bone on a nerve that was affecting use of her right leg. The cost of surgery in the U.S. was too great for her family at the time. She sought the surgery in Canada, with no success. Several Canadian doctors told her an operation would not help and that she would have to live with it, she says. Another of the Canadian doctors she consulted said to come back when she was in a wheelchair, says Hajinian, which indeed seemed where she was headed due to nerve damage. The last Canadian doctor who turned her down, she says, told her the surgery was beyond his abilities and recommended going to New York. OHIP, which can authorize payment for out-of-country medical treatments, turned down funding. Hajinian appealed to the Health Services Appeal and Review Board. The Globe and Mail cited documents from that appeal that noted OHIP was of the opinion that the operation was available in Canada, and that no evidence had been shown that a wait would cause Hajinian more harm.

The appeal was unsuccessful. Hajinian, a mother of two teenage girls, could have taken a further step and appealed in court, but expenses were mounting (the family has spent about $30,000 on legal fees) and her condition was not getting any better. In constant pain, she was at one point on a morphine pump until a near overdose that was caused by a malfunction, and prior to surgery, on daily doses of Percocet. Emotionally, she was a mess. The decision was made to go to the Hospital for Joint Diseases at New York University s Langome Medical Center, where Dr. Frank Schwab was confident the surgery was worth it. Hajinian and her brother, Aris Babikian, a citizenship judge, rented an apartment in Manhattan, where she could recover until well-enough to fly home. The final bill has yet to come in, but costs may be higher due to longer than expected surgery time and an extended nine-day hospital stay. The church is continuing to fundraise and hasposted information online. Hajinian and her brother were amazed by the level of care and both feel her case highlights a major problem with health care in Ontario and Canada. Despite a petition and campaign to get her help, including pleas to MPs, MPPs and a package Babikian personally delivered to Premier Dalton McGuinty, the system, in this case, did not deliver in a timely fashion, says Babikian. We never heard anything from them, said Babikian. With all of the money spent on health care in Canada, they don t comprehend why they had to put so much effort for so long into a futile hunt for specialized help in Canada. The quest for care has taken a toll. Her husband suffered a minor stroke and caring for her has stressed the extended family. We don t want any more Ontarians to live through the hell that we lived through for the last 13 years, said Babikan. Why do we need to put hard-working Ontarians and their families through, to be honest, what is emotional terrorism by our own government. This is not a third-world country where you hear of such stories. If all goes as hoped with her recovery, the money spent on her surgery may actually save Canadian taxpayers the added long term

Sevan Hajinian, 52, is back in Toronto in time to celebrate Armenian Christmas, celebrated Jan. 6, following successful back surgery in New York that could not be had in Ontario and that the Ontario Health Insurance Plan would not pay for. JIM RANKIN / Toronto Star

health care and other costs that Hajinian most likely would have racked up without the surgery. Our health care system needs a serious revision, serious reform, said Babikian. I don t understand how these bureaucrats make these decisions. Hajinian says she heard from more than one Canadian doctor that the U.S. doctors would do the surgery just for the money. But why would they risk their reputation for a $30,000 surgery? wondered Hajinian. It wasn t for the money. They provided the service and they were concerned. (Her U.S. health care bill, which was reduced, includes additional fees for hospital services and other surgical costs.) Within two days of the surgery, which lasted more than seven hours, Hajinian says she knew that things had changed for the better. She had improved feeling in her right leg and foot. She can now sit in a chair for longer than 15 minutes, something that would not have happened before. Before surgery, she was on Percocet for pain control. She no longer needs the narcotic. Finally, I feel great, said Hajinian. I wasn t expecting that I would feel the difference right after the surgery. While she must use a walker for a while for stability and ensure proper healing, she is thinking about working again, something she has not been able to do since 1999, when

she managed a dental office. Donations may be sent to: HTAC Humanitarian Fund/Sevan Hajinian 920 Progress Ave. Scarborough, Ont. M1G 3T5 To make a donation by credit card, please contact Holy Trinity Armenian Church office at: 416-431-3001 Ext. 0 or 1. A Tax receipt will be issued. (The Toronto Star, January 6, 2013)

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The Asia Minor Catastrophe and the Ottoman Greek Genocide - A New Book Edited by G. Shirinian of the Zoryan Institute The Asia Minor Catastrophe and the Ottoman Greek Genocide: Essays on Asia Minor, Pontos, and Eastern Thrace, 1913 1923 edited by George N. Shirinian, Executive Director of the Zoryan Institute, is a compilation of innovative papers given by distinguished scholars at two academic conferences organized by the Asia Minor and Pontos Hellenic Research Center in Chicago. our knowledge of the catastrophic events affecting millions of people caught up in the huge political and social transformation connected with the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of the Turkish Republic has not received the scholarly attention it deserves. Even the best studied of these tragic events, The Armenian Genocide, has been deprived of a certain panoramic contextualization of a tragedy which touched profoundly the lives of several other religious and ethnic groups, such as the Greeks and

Assyrians, observed Theofanis G. Stavrou, Professor of History at the University of Minnesota. This book and its careful treatment of the Greek experience within the broader genocide of the Christian minorities in the Ottoman Empire aims to fill a gap in the scholarly literature on the Greek Genocide and is one of the first to treat the genocidal experiences of the Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks in a comparative manner and as an integrated history. As Prof. Roger W. Smith, Chair of Zoryan s Academic Board, has written, Only the comparative approach can yield carefully delimited generalizations about the nature and mechanics of genocide as a general problem of humanity. The studies presented in this groundbreaking book are thoroughly documented and include revealing and previously unpublished American diplomatic reports on the destruction of Smyrna. In addition to the historical chapters, essays explore such subjects as the multigenerational effects of the Greek Genocide and the difficulties of Asia Minor refugee identity in

Our Talents

Haig Chahinian s Short Story on iTunes Bookstore

Greece, Turkey s present day obligations under the Treaty of Lausanne, and the challenges of obtaining recognition for the Ottoman genocides. A list of the contents is given below. Professor Vahakn N. Dadrian, Zoryan s Director of Genocide Research, writes, This book makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the Greek experience of genocide during the early part of the twentieth century and its aftermath. It shows how interrelated were the experiences of the Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks during the end of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of the Turkish Republic. The contributors to the book include, George N. Shirinian (Introduction), Tessa Hofmann (The Genocide against the Christians in the Late Ottoman Period, 1912 1922), Taner Akçam (The Greek Deportations and Massacres of 1913 1914: A Trial Run for the Armenian Genocide), Matthias Bjørnlund (The Persecution of Greeks and Armenians in Smyrna, 1914 1916: A Special Case in the Course of the Late Ottoman Genocides), Harry J.

Psomiades (Greece in Asia Minor: The Greek Naval Bombardment of Samsun [Amisos], June 7, 1922), Constantine G. Hatzidimitriou (The Destruction of Smyrna in 1922: American Sources and Turkish Responsibility), Alexander Kitroeff (Asia Minor Refugees in Greece: A History of Identity and Memory, 1920s 1980s), Van Coufoudakis (From Lausanne (1923) to Cyprus (2009): Turkey s Violations of International Law and the Destruction of Historic Hellenic Communities), Robert J. Pranger (U.S. Policy Obstacles in Recognizing the Genocides of Christian Minorities in the Late Ottoman Empire: Challenges and Opportunities). Editor George N. Shirinian said, The contributors to this volume and the Asia Minor and Pontos Hellenic Research Center hope that this wide-ranging collection of studies helps bring a measure of understanding and openness to the discussion of the Greek Genocide. This is a story of great human tragedy and suffering, of great power politics and miscalculation. By promoting awareness of this history, we hope to prevent the recurrence of another, Great Catastrophe.

ARTR is calling to make a difference and be the difference this year

ARTR organizers being awarded 2nd place in the Scotiabank Waterfront Marathon

by Katya Der Hovagimian Principal of St. Michael's College School Terence Sheridan and Haig Chahinian at the publication announcement of "Make Me Proud", January 23.

Upon our request, TorontoHye received the following piece from Haig Chahinian, whose short story was published on the iTunes Bookstore: My name is Haig Chahinian and I m an 18 year old senior at St. Michael s College School. As a passionate linguist, creative writing has always been a personal hobby of mine. As a Writer s Craft student at SMCS, I was assigned to write a short story to submit as a heavily weighted assignment for class. As the weeks went on, I wasn t able to pinpoint exactly which idea to go with for a story line. I knew the only way I was going to spark a story by simply starting to write it, so I began. Within 24 hours, I had written a 17 page story entitled Make Me Proud . Make Me Proud is about a 25 year old lawyer named Miles who is struggling with the biggest decision to make thus far in his life: leaving his family, beloved girlfriend, and life in Toronto, to work in a firm on Wall Street. The story came together as if it were meant to be. Feeling content with my final product, I decided to submit it to Apple for

publishing on the iTunes Bookstore as an eBook. I received an email saying they had received my story, and that it would be under review for the next 10-14 business days. Six hours later, I received an e-mail from Apple congratulating me on my successful publication. It is available on the iTunes Bookstore. To date, over 100 copies of Make Me Proud have been downloaded in Canada, the United States, Europe, the UK and Australia. The entry was not for a competitionjust a submission for publication as any other professional author. Other information about me: -Endeavours of studying International Relations in university next year at the University of Toronto (Law School later on) -St. Gregory the Illuminator Armenian Catholic Church Youth Organization President -Active member in the Armenian Youth Federation of Canada -French tutor for students -St. Michael s College School Varsity Hockey

The New Year brings forth an overabundance of new resolutions. Of these resolutions, arguably the most popular ones are losing weight and implementing a healthier lifestyle. But how many of us are successful in keeping our resolutions? Very few. During the first two weeks, we see an overwhelming number of people occupying nearby gyms and fitness classes, after which, the skimming process begins. A study composed by CityNews shows that 25% of Canadians abandon their New Year s resolutions by the end of the first week. In fact, only 1 in 5 carry them through the full year. According to experts, we should all take baby steps and rather than diving into our resolutions, we should slowly dip our feet in one step at a time. For those of you who have already abandoned your resolutions and are perhaps a little remorseful, it s not too late to get back on the bandwagon. What if there was a way to fulfill your resolution while giving back to a worthy cause? A Run to Remember, a Homenetmen Toronto fundraising initiative which involves running or walking as part of the Toronto Scotiabank Marathon, is back and ready to help you reach that goal.

A new series of training sessions have begun that cater to people of all ages and all fitness levels. The four training programs are fitness walking, learning to run 5K, half and marathon. Training will continue through the summer up until the marathon in October. ARTR has planned special programs, lecture series, training sessions, and practice races to better prepare everyone this year and ensure everyone reaches their optimal fitness level. Now in its 6th season, ARTR has proven to be a project close to our hearts. This year, just like the past 3 years, ARTR was awarded the 2nd place status in the Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon s charity challenge having competed against 181 other charities a great accomplishment that would not be possible without the yearly dedication of the participants. This year ARTR is calling on all members of the Toronto Armenian community to challenge themselves to participate so that they can finally attain that 1st place status among charities ARTR has set a goal for 2013 of 600 participants which will not be possible without the help of the community. Whether you walk, run, or just help out along the sideline all are welcome.

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GEORGIAN ARMENIANS

Chakhalyan Released from Georgia Prison, Condemns Double-Standards Georgian authorities on January 24 released Georgian-Armenian activist Vahagn Chakhalyan, who was serving a 10-year sentence for alleged weapons possession and inciting unrest, his lawyers reported. Chakhalyan was arrested by Georgian authorities on July 21, 2008. He was given a 10-year sentence for organization of largescale events, public disturbance, hooliganism and illegal possession of weapons, based on falsified evidence. Vahagn Chakhalyan s case is currently being studied at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. Chakhalyan, accompanied by friends and colleagues who were gathered at the prison, went to the Holy Etchmiadzin Church in Tbilisi, where he was greeted by the Primate of the Georgian Diocese Bishop Vasgen Mirzakhanyan. Chakhalyan was greeted at the church by Armen Gevorgyan and Ruben Shekoyan, two Armenian political prisoners who were released on January 13 in accordance with a parliamentary amnesty decision. His Holiness Karekin II, Catholicos of All Armenians also spoke to Chakhlyan by phone, sending his blessings to the newly released activist. Chakhalyan left the Tbilisi church and headed home to Akhalkalak, Javakhk. Head of the Strong Homeland

party, Shirak Torosyan, told Yerkir Media that Georgian-Armenian organizations, as well as the Georgian Diocese played a large role in securing Chakhalyan s release. We are encouraged by the new Georgian government s recent release of Vahagn Chakhalyan and other Armenian activists, from Javakahk and across Georgia, who were improperly jailed simply for the free expression of their ideas and aspirations, said Armenian National Committee of America Executive Director Aram Hamparian. We welcome these first signs of a more tolerant and pluralist atmosphere in Georgia, and hope that a new, positive approach to the nation s ethnic and civic diversity will open the door to the cooperative and comprehensive solutions needed to bring about enduring improvements for the Armenian population and all of Georgia s citizens, added Hamparian. During a visit to Armenian last week, Georgia s Prime Minister Bidzina Ivanishvili said the ball is now in my court, to fulfill campaign promises regarding the improvement of conditions for the Armenian population of Javakhk. Ivanishvili pledged to do his best to improve the situation in Georgia s Javakhki region mainly populated by Armenians. Most of them voted for his Georgian Dream alliance in the October elections.

Freed political prisoner Vahagn Chakhalyan (center) visits Holy Etchmiadzin church in Tbilisi after his release on January 24.

The Georgian opposition has never received so many ethnic Armenian votes before, said Ivanishvili. I want to again thank [Javakhk Armenians.] I gave them many promises. I won t list those promises now. But I guarantee that the ball is now in my court.

Chakhalyan Condemns Double-Standards in Georgia

In his first official statement after being released from Georgian prison, Chakhalyan said that the only reason he wound up in jail in the first place was that he demanded that Georgian authorities respect

Armenian History To Be Taught In Georgian Schools

Armenian history will soon be included in the curriculum of Georgian schools.

During a visit to Yerevan on January 18, Georgian Prime Minister Bidzina Ivanishvili made this promise to the head of the Holy Armenian Apostolic Church, Catholicos Karekin II. At their meeting on January 17, Karekin II reiterated his request that the Georgian Diocese transfer control of several historic Armenian churches to the Armenian Apostolic Church. He expressed his hope that Georgian authorities would consider his request. Ivanishvili did say he would personally oversee the maintenance of Armenian churches in Georgia. The ethnic Armenian community in Georgia is mostly concentrated in Tbilisi and the southern Samtskhe-Javakheti Province, which borders Armenia.

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the rights of Javakhk residents and that he criticized the persecution of Javakhk Armenians by the Saakashvili regime. Chakhalyan said he only employed legal means to fight against these measures. In addition, the activist lamented the fact that the Georgian Dream party had buckled under the torrent of slander directed against him by the former servants of the Saakashvili regime and had removed his name from the final list of political prisoners in Georgia. Chakhalyan stressed that he had been a victim of political persecution and pointed to the clamour raised by members of

Saakashvili party members during discussions, both within and without parliament, regarding his name. The Javakhk activist argued that all attempts to integrate the Armenian populace of Javakhk into the socio-political life of Georgia would be fruitless if Javakhk Armenians didn t feel they were being treated as fully fledged and equal citizens of Georgia. In this context, there cannot be two types of justice, one for ethnic Georgian activists taken hostage by the Saakashvili regime and another for a Javakhk Armenian activist. It is unacceptable to recognize the first as a political prisoner and to refuse giving that status to the latter.

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ARMENIA

8 Candidates Register For Presidential Elections

(RFE/RL) President Serzh Sarkisian and seven other candidates were formally registered to run in Armenia s upcoming presidential election. The Central Election Commission (CEC) swiftly approved their inclusion on the

ballot almost a week after the legal deadline for the submission of documents needed to enter the presidential race. Two of the registered candidates, former Prime Minister Hrant Bagratian and former Foreign Minister Raffi

Hovannisian, are widely expected to be Sarkisian s main challengers. Few observers think, however, they can scuttle the incumbent s reelection. The pool of candidates also includes Paruyr Hayrikian, a Soviet-era dissident returning to active politics, Arman Melikian, Nagorno-Karabakh s former foreign minister, and Aram Harutiunian, a university p r o f e s s o r. M e l i k i a n a n d Harutiunian took part in previous presidential elections, polling less than 1 percent of the vote. The two other registered candidates, Andreas Ghukasian and Vartan Sedrakian, are newcomers to the political arena. Ghukasian is a political analyst managing a private radio station based in Yerevan. He last week called on all candidates

Dashnaks Not Boycotting Election challenging Sarkisian to drop out of the race predetermined by the government and thus undermine the legitimacy of the country s criminal-oligarchic system. Much less is known about Sedrakian. The latter is making a name for himself with flamboyant statements and extravagant campaign promises. He has said in particular that he would be ready to spend as much as $2 million on his presidential bid that has been advertised on Facebook in recent months. The CEC also refused to register seven other, mostly littleknown contenders who failed to pay a cash deposit of 8 million drams ($20,000) required by the Electoral Code. They have condemned this requirement as unfair and unconstitutional.

UK Envoy Criticized Over Armenian Election Concerns

British Ambassador Katherine Leach at a press conference in Yerevan,January 2012

(RFE/RL)- The Armenian authorities have criticized Britain s ambassador in Yerevan for raising questions regarding the freedom and fairness of Armenia s upcoming presidential election. I don t think that it s quite correct to make evaluations at the ambassadorial level before the elections as to what will happen, Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian told a news conference recently.

Education Minister Armen Ashotian, who is also a deputy chairman of the ruling Republican Party of Armenia, similarly wrote on his Facebook account on Wednesday that the remarks by Ambassador Katherine Leach cause bewilderment. Writing in her blog, Leach welcomed President Serzh Sarkisian s declared commitment to a clean vote but called disappointing the fact that by three leading Armenian opposition forces did not field or endorse any presidential candidates. Are these parties not standing because they lack finance, because they lack trust in a fair result, or because they are not really opposition parties as we would normally understand the concept? she asked. If they lack finance, is it because potential wealthy backers are concerned about what will happen to their businesses if they back the wrong horse or because they have not found a way of communicating their message in a way which would inspire donations from the general public? Two of those opposition forces, the Armenian National Congress (HAK) and the ARF, have said they do not believe the February 18 election will be democratic. The HAK claims that vote rigging has become so entrenched in Armenia that changing its government through elections is now impossible.

Leach seemed to echo some of the opposition concerns regarding the election conduct. In particular, she questioned the accuracy of the Armenian voter registry. The fact that the list has continued to increase since 1991 when people s day to day experience tells them that the country has lost population creates unease for the ordinary voter, she said, suggesting that annual reregistering of eligible voters might be a solution for future Armenian elections. In the meantime, the authorities can make every effort to follow up and investigate precincts where there appear to be unusually high turn-out or vote tabulations showing surprisingly repetitive numbers, added the British envoy. The authorities have consistently denied opposition allegations that they have deliberately inflated the voter lists to be able to cast fraudulent ballots on behalf of hundreds of thousands of voters absent from Armenia. The United States and the European Union have given a largely positive assessment of their handling of parliamentary elections held last May. After over a decade of elections badly marred by fraud, perhaps the biggest challenge for the Armenian authorities in this election is trying to rebuild and win the trust of its people and partners, wrote Leach. Will this happen? I very much hope so.

Davit Harutiunian, chairman of the parliament committee on legal affairs, at a news conference

(RFE/RL)- The Armenian authorities have angrily rejected serious concerns over the pre-election situation in Armenia that were expressed last week by lawmakers

(RFE/RL)- The Armenian Revolutionary Federation hopes that its supporters will vote in next month s presidential election despite its decision not to field any candidates, a leader of the opposition party said in yerevan. The decision was announced following a party conference held late last month. ARF said none of its leaders will run for president because the vote will not be free and fair, contrary to government assurances. At the same time, it left open the possibility of endorsing another opposition candidate. We do not want to discredit the whole institution of elections and that is why the electorate had better participate in the elections, Armen Rustamian, an ARF leader, told RFE/RL s Armenian service. How should they vote? We will certainly declare that and give guidance to our electorate after monitoring processes, he said. Rustamian made clear, however, that he himself will not vote for any of the eight candidates registered by the Central Election Commission (CEC) in any case. I will definitely not vote for anybody, he said. In all likelihood, I will write against all on the ballot. Dashnaktsutyun announced its election stance over two weeks after a December 8 meeting between its leaders and President Serzh Sarkisian. The party, which holds five seats in Armenia s 131-member parliament, was part of Sarkisian s coalition government until April 2009. It quit the coalition in protest against Sarkisian s policy of rapprochement with Turkey.

Government Against Opposition Bill On Parliament Voting Fraud

The Armenian government on January 10 formally objected to the passage of an opposition bill that would make it a crime for parliament deputies to vote in place of their colleagues not attending a parliament session. The practice has been commonplace among mainly pro-government members of the current and previous Armenian parliaments, allowing the government to narrowly push through major laws and amendments on several occasions. It is provoking increasingly vocal protests from opposition lawmakers arguing that it runs counter to the National Assembly statutes. The parliament speakers and their deputies have largely ignored those protests. The Zharangutyun (Heritage) party, one of the opposition groups represented in the despite repeated government pledges to sort assembly, last month moved to curb absentee them out. At the same time, the PACE voting on the parliament floor by putting monitors praised a number of government forward a bill that would make it tantamount measures aimed at ensuring the proper to fraud. The Armenian Ministry of Justice made conduct of the election. Davit Harutiunian, a senior pro- a negative evaluation of the bill and it was government lawmaker heading the Armenian approved by Prime Minister Tigran Sarkisian s delegation at the PACE, rejected the criticism cabinet. A ministry statement presented by as shocking and baseless. In a weekend Justice Minister Hrayr Tovmasian said the letter to the PACE leadership in Strasbourg, Zharangutyun proposal is at odds with the Harutiunian said the monitors decided to definition of fraud set by the Criminal Code. criticize the Armenian voter lists even before Zaruhi Postanjian, one of the Zharanmeeting with senior police officials in Yerevan gutyun deputies, dismissed this explanation. in charge of drawing up and maintaining the She said the government, which controls the registry. He argued that the lists were majority of parliament seats, is disinterested publicized a week ago, giving political groups in the measure because it often has trouble and ordinary citizens enough time to check ensuring the presence of a sufficient number their accuracy. of loyal lawmakers during National Assembly Harutiunian also insisted that the sessions. It s pro-government deputies that upcoming election will be as competitive as are usually absent, she said. the previous ones. He said the three main Postanjian added that her party will opposition candidates in the race are continue pressing for the bill s passage despite influential politicians representing different the government objections.The parliament segments of the Armenian opposition. majority is likely to block it, however.

Yerevan Rejects Council of Europe Election Concerns representing the Council of Europe s P a r l i a m e n t a r y A s s e m b l y ( PA C E ) . The five PACE members visited Yerevan to assess ongoing preparations for the February 18 presidential election. They were an advance team of 22 monitors that are due to be deployed by the Strasbourg-based organization on election day. Speaking at a news conference last T h u r s d a y, t h e v i s i t i n g E u r o p e a n parliamentarians expressed serious concern at what they described as widespread public apathy about the ballot. They linked that with the decision by most of the country s leading opposition forces not to field any presidential candidates. That decision limited voters choice, resulting in an unfortunate situation, said Karin Woldseth, head of the PACE monitoring team. The upcoming elections are already overshadowed by widespread indifference and distrust. Woldseth also claimed that Armenia s national voter lists remain highly inaccurate

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ARTSAKH

Armenia, Karabakh Warn Azerbaijan Over Airport Threats

passengers on board. Azerbaijani warplanes will have to force them to land at an Azerbaijani airport if they are known to transport civilians, according to that decision. Azerbaijani news agencies quoted Arif Mammadov, head of the country s civil aviation authority, as saying that during the reconstruction of Karabakh s sole airport Baku repeatedly

helicopters have for years flown to Karabakh without any problems. Such flights to Stepanakert are also taking place at present, he said. Karabakh s leaders denounced the Azerbaijani government decision as state terrorism and said it will not thwart the reopening of Stepanakert airport. We are capable of ensuring the security of our airspace and the entire territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, a spokeswoman for NKR President Bako Sahakian reportedly said over the weekend. The international community has repeatedly expressed concern over the flight controversy, urging the conflicting parties to seek a diplomatic solution to the dispute. U.S., Russian and French diplomats trying to broker a peaceful settlement of the Karabakh conflict voiced serious misgivings about the planned flights when they visited Stepanakert last November.

U.S. Watchdog Upgrades Karabakh s Rights Rating

(RFE/RL)- The U.S. human rights watchdog Freedom House upgraded Nagorno-Karabakh s status from not free to partly free in an annual global survey of civil rights and liberties released recently. Nagorno-Karabakh s status improved from Not Free to Partly Free due to a competitive presidential vote in July, reads the latest edition of its Freedom in the World report. It says that the election saw the participation of a genuine opposition. Freedom House referred to Vitaly Balasanian, a retired army general who challenged Bako Sahakian, the disputed territory s incumbent president. According to official results of the July 19

election, Sahakian was reelected with 66.7 percent of the vote, while Balasanian got 32.5 percent. The latter called the vote free but not fair. The Karabakh ballot was hailed by Armenia but condemned as illegitimate by Azerbaijan. The U.S., Russian and French mediators, for their part, said they acknowledge the need for the de facto authorities [in Karabakh] to try to organize democratically the public life of their population with such a procedure. Armenia was also rated partly free in the Freedom House survey covering 195 nations. Still, the watchdog raised the country s political rights rating from 6 to 5, citing

peaceful parliamentary elections held there in May 2012. It said the polls rebalanced the decline stemming from the violent aftermath of the 2008 presidential vote. Arch Puddington, Freedom House's vice president for research, referred to Armenia as one of the few bright spots in the nonBaltic former Soviet Union. Otherwise, Eurasia is one massive sea of not-free countries, he said. Azerbaijan is one of the countries that are considered not free by Freedom House. The group based in Washington and New York believes that basic political rights are absent, and basic civil liberties are widely and systematically denied there.

The European Union urged Armenia and Azerbaijan to resolve the issue of the opening of the Stepanakert airport through diplomatic means to avoid further heightening of the conflict and not complicate the negotiations. Issues concerning the Nagorno-Karabakh settlement process were discussed, including the issue of possible flights to the airport in Nagorno-Karabakh. Commissioner Fule reiterated the EU s continued support for the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs and their efforts in facilitating a peaceful settlement. He also stressed the need for the sides to seek a diplomatic solution to issues relating to this airport and to avoid any actions that could fuel tensions in the region, said a statement issued Thursday following a meeting between Armenia s Parliament Speaker Hovik Abrahamyan and European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighborhood Policy Stefan Fule. Karabakh authorities completed construction of the Stepanakert Airport and according to officials are finalizing technical details to make the airport operational. Since announcing its intention to operate the airport, which will operate between Karabakh and Yerevan, Azerbaijan has threatened to down planes, prompting President Serzh Sarkisian to declare that he would become the first passenger on the proposed flight. Azerbaijan s military rhetoric has not subsided despite warning by the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairmen, with Azerbaijan announcing last week that its entire air defense operations were on alert to thwart what it called violations of Azeri airspace. The warnings, however, have not deterred Nagorno-Karabakh Republic authorities from moving ahead with plans to make the airport fully operational and to transport passengers between Stepanakert and Yerevan.

New Guide to Armenia and Karabakh Highlights Ecology and Conservation A all-new edition of Armenia s best-selling travel guide, The Stone Garden Travel Guide: Armenia and Karabakh, will be published in February. The new 320-page book contains updated and expanded information for the 2013-14 tourist seasons and features 27 color maps and more than 140 color photographs. A never-before

published map of historic Armenia, which was created shortly after the Genocide, is also featured in the book. The Stone Garden Travel Guide is the first comprehensive guidebook to Armenia and Karabakh, and is also the only guidebook for the region that emphasizes conservation and ecology. The highly acclaimed book is Award Finalist for Best Travel

Guide by the Independent Publishers Association. CNN Traveller magazine calls the book an excellent guide, written with real passion for the subject. The book features maps from The American University of Armenia s Birds of Armenia Project, and highlights conservation issues that confront Armenia, in addition to covering all the information about

cultural sites and getting around that every traveler expects in a guidebook. Author-photographer Matthew Karanian and photographer Robert Kurkjian have each spent more than a decade living and working in Armenia while researching and writing this and previous editions of the book.

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(RFE/RL) Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh have issued fresh warnings to Azerbaijan after it stepped up its threats to forcibly halt planned commercial flights to the Karabakh. The Azerbaijani government recently formally authorized its air force to shoot down any aircraft flying above Karabakh without Baku s permission if there is no precise information about civilian

warned relevant international bodies that the planned YerevanStepanakert flights are illegal. We informed them that NagornoKarbakh s airspace is closed, and in accordance with our law on civil aviation, we plan to destroy aircraft that will try to land there, he said. Armenia s Defense Minister Seyran Ohanian dismissed those threats at a news conference later on Friday. After a final decision is made [on the flights] Armenia s air defense and air forces will ensure [the safety] of planned flights by civilian aircraft, he said. Ohanian s spokesman, Artsrun Hovannesian, likewise insisted on Wednesday that the Armenian military will prevent the Azerbaijani side from disrupting the flight service. Air-defense forces are supposed to not only shoot down enemy warplanes but also ensure the security of civilian aircraft, he told RFE/RL s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). Hovannesian argued that Armenian military and civilian

EU Urges Diplomatic Solution to Stepanakert Airport Issue

ARMENIA

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25

Armenia: Is Corruption Responsible for Packed Orphanages? by Gayane Abrahamyan Part 1 of a two-part series Six years ago, Armenia pledged that thousands of children institutionalized in state-run orphanages for reasons of poverty would be returned to their biological families, or placed with foster families. But, today, little has changed for most of these children. Eighty percent of the 4,900 children residing in Armenia s 10 state-run orphanages, as well as 28 other state institutions for those from broken homes, have at least one living parent, according to research by UNICEF, the United Nations child-welfare-policy arm. They live in the facilities because their families, quite simply, cannot afford to raise them. In 2006, the Armenian government, acting on UNICEF s encouragement, launched a program to encourage parents to take back their children from staterun facilities. Officials hoped the program would enable them to shut down some orphanages, or convert them into institutions where social workers could provide counseling to both children and their parents. The state has made little headway over the ensuing six years. Only 21 foster families have signed on to the program since 2006, according to officials, who add that a lack of funding hampers their ability to attract participants. At the same time, the State Statistical Service reports that the number of children living in orphanages is increasing. In 2011, only 56 children were returned to their families from state-run institutions, while another 267 new residents were admitted. The question for child-welfare specialists is simple: why is it so difficult to reduce the number of

orphanage residents? Some experts allege that the transition to foster-families is lagging because Armenia s orphanages actually offer lucrative opportunities for a chain of orphanage employees and state officials in charge of procurement for the institutions. The 2012 state budget allotted 1.7 billion drams (about $4 million) to orphanages, a sum on top of outside donations. The government reports that institutions spend about 1.6 million drams (roughly $3,930) per year on each resident child significantly more than the 1.02 million-dram ($2,500) subsidy given to a foster family to help offset childcare costs. An audit last month by the State Commission for the Protection of Economic Competition showed that the funding in state-run facilities is greatly misused, primarily for food, which often has been purchased at prices 200-percent above market levels, said Commission Chairperson Artak Shaboian. A considerable part of the state-allotted money has not served its purpose, Shaboian charged. The investigation is ongoing. In a comment to EurasiaNet.org, Artem Asatrian, the newly appointed minister of labor and social welfare, stated that the m i n i s t r y, w h i c h o v e r s e e s orphanages, is committed to addressing the issue. In every sphere, there can be misuses [of money] and our main task is now to reduce these abuses and to make budget funds serve their purpose, Asatrian said. Former MP Anahit Bakshian, an opposition member and longtime advocate for reform of Armenia s orphanages, asserts that the current situation will change only

when corruption is eliminated. The de-institutionalization plan will not be implemented as long as all of the child-care institutions are financed on a per-child basis, which means directors are interested in having more children so that they get more money [from the government], Bakshian said. Orphanages are businesses, and nobody wants to lose their business, she continued. Government officials declined to respond to the allegation. Deputy Labor and Social Affairs Minister Filaret Berikian argues that Armenia has made a lot of progress in transferring children back to their biological families. The children s de-institutionalization plan has been our priority, and we have been successful, claimed Berikian. One should simply want to see and acknowledge the progress. Contrary to official data, Berikian angrily insisted that the number of underprivileged children living in orphanages has decreased. He did not elaborate. But UNICEF Child Protection Officer Eduard Israyelian counters that, compared with Armenia s northern neighbor Georgia, progress has been negligible. While Georgia was once in the same situation as Armenia, Israyelian recounted, today roughly 800 Georgian children live in foster families saving the Georgian government around $3.5 million per year in child-care costs. In addition, small-group homes have been created for those for whom foster families or a return to their biological families is not an option. Such facilities do not exist in Armenia. Even if we put aside the child s right to live in a family and its importance, from a purely

Gor Sujyan will Represent Armenia at Eurovision

The Eurovision Production Team of the Public Television of Armenia announced that Gor Sujyan, who is the lead singer of the rock band Dorians, has been selected to represent

Armenia in the 2013 Eurovision song contest, reported Marco Brey for Eurovision News. Gor Sujyan is the most popular rock singer in Armenia, and he is famous for his unique voice. He is 25 years old and the son of an Armenian jazz musician, guitar player Mkrtich Sujyan. In 2010 he was crowned The best male singer in the annual Armenian National Music Awards. Earlier, we reported that the song to represent Armenia in the contest that will held in Malmö, Sweden will be chosen in a national final on March 2. Gor Sujyan will sing all the songs, and in the end, the winning entry will be chosen by a combined vote of the TV public and an expert jury. Last year, when the contest was held in Baku, Armenia pulled out of participating after Azeri President Ilham Aliyev announced that Our main enemies are Armenians of the world. In a statement issued last year, Armenia s Public Television citing the Aliyev remarks as its impetus for withdrawing from the contest. A group of Armenian pop singers also launched a Eurovision boycott campaign at the time, saying: We refuse to appear in a country that is well known for mass killings and massacres of Armenians, in a country where anti-Armenian sentiments have been elevated to the level of state policy. There is no logic to sending a participant to a country where he will be met as an enemy.

financial perspective, the state would benefit from financing foster families rather than child-care institutions, Israyelian said. But we do not see the political will to transfer to the new format. The will to tackle reported abuses at state-run orphanages also appears weak, say members of a monitoring group on Armenian childcare institutions created by the Open Society Foundation-Armenia. Cases of violence against children at four of Armenia s child-care institutions have been reported to the government, as well as cases of children being sent to work on outside construction sites or farms, the group found. Based on various studies and monitoring, I do not believe for a second that by training the staff of these institutions, the attitude toward the children under their care can be changed, said David Amirian, the deputy director for programs at the Open Society Foundation-Armenia. [The Open Society Foundation Armenia operates as part of the Soros Foundations network. EurasiaNet.org operates under the

auspices of the New York-based Open Society Foundations, a separate entity in the Soros network]. Amirian believes that Armenia s child-care institutions cannot be merely reformed, but require radical solutions. Meanwhile, some government officials overseeing Armenia s orphanages acknowledge shortcomings, but say this issue should not be rushed. The process needs serious research, said Lala Ghazarian, head of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare s department for Family, Women and Childcare Issues. The family issues are often too deeply rooted and rushing might be dangerous for children. UNICEF s Israyelian agrees that transforming Armenia s child-care institutions might take a decade, but maintains that it has to start now with a clear-cut, strategic action plan. Unfortunately there isn t one, he said, because there is no political will. (EurasiaNet)

Armenian Scientist Hands Back Presidential Award An Armenian scientist has handed back a state award granted by President Serzh Sarkisian over four years ago in protest against what he claims is widespread corruption in post-graduate education and research in the country. Harutiun Karapetian, a senior fellow at the state-funded Research Center for Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, was part of a team of three researchers who received in 2008 the annual presidential prize sponsored by the Boghossian Foundation, a Diaspora Armenian charity. They were also paid an equivalent of $5,000 in recognition of their scientific work. Karapetian said that he decided to renounce the prize as an expression of protest against what is happening in our field of science. In this field as well as in all other areas of life, cynicism has reached a climax and the whole scientific system and standards have been corrupted, he told RFE/RL s Armenian service. Karapetian claimed that anyone holding a high-level government position or having strong government connections can now obtain a doctoral degree in Armenia without any scholarly input. Ministers and governors easily become doctoral candidates, he said. They definitely don t need that, and yet they thereby corrupt science and undermine its prestige.

Harutiun Karapetian

The scientist admitted that his decision was timed to coincide with the ongoing presidential election campaign. What is happening in the country cannot fail to affect science, he explained. Sarkisian s staff and the Armenian Ministry of Science and Education did not immediately react to the allegations.

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by Maria Titizian

COMMENTARY

A Clash of Cultures: Re-imagining the hyphenated Armenian

I often wonder if other nations are as hard on themselves as we are. No doubt our behavior toward one another on a personal, national and global scale is enough reason to begin a critical discourse on our selfperceived lack of inspiration. While we all claim to be Armenian due to genetic material, ethnicity, language, physical characteristics and a shared history, we are in fact a people whose behavior, world views and perceptions are in constant conflict. Our personal stories and experiences in the Diaspora attest to this condition and were further compounded after Armenia gained independence. We went from the typical Diaspora hyphenations of Lebanese-, American-, Iranian-, Syrian-, French-, Argentinean-Armenian to the Hayastantsi-Spyurkahay shift. We are forever labeling ourselves as Armenians belonging to a particular place but never a shared space. We create divisions for the sake of divisions. My personal revelation of this condition revealed itself to me in 1983 during the first pan-Armenian AYF camp in Greece. Young Armenians from the Middle East, Europe, South and North America came together for two weeks of educationals, excursions and activities. I was 17 years old, very young and naïve and my excitement at traveling for the first time to Europe and getting to meet likeminded compatriots was beyond measure. The memories and friendships have stayed with me thirty years on. It was an experience that changed the course of my life. Although I returned to Canada with a stronger resolve to maintain my identity as an Armenian, I was also astonished by the serious clash of culture I had experienced. The Lebanese-Armenians considered us North American-Armenians not

by Harut Sassounian

as Armenian or patriotic as they were because we would speak English, the SyrianArmenians kept mainly to themselves, especially the girls, none of us Western Armenians could understand the IranianArmenians, to hear the Armenians from Argentina speak with such a heavy Spanish accent was a little shocking and the European Armenians were so different that we didn t interact. We all considered ourselves to be Armenian but there was a disconnect; we were in reality so different from one another. Growing up in Canada, a multicultural society, where ethnic minorities are encouraged to maintain their identity and culture, living with a diverse group of different races taught us tolerance and acceptance. But the labels almost always existed unless you could trace your Canadian lineage back at least three of four generations. The rest of us came from somewhere else. We sought out familiarity and made sure to stick with those who were most like us. This was true for the Armenian Diaspora. You were a Lebanonahay or Syriahay or a Barsgahay and you generally kept to your own kind. And the other important division was the Americahay versus the newly arrived hyphenated other Armenian, and then the issue became not only about culture and language but turf. And then our comfortable hyphenated w o r l d s h i ft e d a s A r m e n i a g a i n e d independence and new labels were quickly assigned we were the Spyurkahays and they, the Hayastantsis. But the Hayastantsis also had their own internal hyphenations based on city or region, and then there was the Kharabakhtsi, the Javakhtsi, the Bakvetsi, etc. The most ingrained distinction is reserved

for the repatriates from the 1940s who, 70 years on are still called aghpars. We like to distinguish. And in this strange Armenian configuration of multiple identities, we moved to Armenia where we came to be known sometimes as aghpars, sometimes the more polite terminology of repatriate, but most times crazy for leaving behind the comforts of the West. And as a painfully small trickle of Armenians from different parts of the world come to live in the homeland, these divisions continue, not as severe as they were in the Diaspora but they do persist. Some traditions die hard. The Genocide not only deprived us of our ancestral homeland but it deprived us of the feeling of belonging to a particular geography, oneness and unity. Yes, we talk about the power of the Armenian, our tenacity to survive in the face of adversity, and yes, we still tend to agree on some things of national importance or significance but most of the time we like to disagree on many things. But today, we have ownership, there is geography, recognized borders, a specific, tangible piece of land, soil, a state that belongs to all of us, however small or incomplete it may be. And not only one, but two. Although the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh is not yet recognized, for all intents and purposes it is de facto a nation state, with its corresponding institutions and living, breathing people, the second Armenian state on this planet. And yet the hyphenations continue. Our diverse narratives, our personal histories and experiences, the countries and communities where we lived in our formative years, which have positively impacted our world views and perceptions, are strengths

that we must celebrate and employ to ensure the empowerment of not only the homeland but the Diaspora. Utilizing the strength of Armenians right across the globe can be a tool for greatness. We must re-imagine what it means to be an Armenian in the 21st century. We are a global nation in a globalized world. The Genocide viciously cast us out into the world, a dispersion of catastrophic dimensions for our people. We must flip this tragic narrative on its head. Without ceasing to struggle for the restoration of our historic and legal rights, let s simultaneously use it to empower us and not weaken us. It forced us to adapt, to become more flexible and inventive. We had to learn how to live again. Some of us lived in established democracies, others in authoritarian states; some of us were caught in wars that had nothing to do with us and survived; some had the privilege of living in countries where social justice prevailed and in others where there was corruption, fundamentalism, lack of freedoms and polarization; we learned tolerance and yet were targets of intolerance; we learned to be innovative, cunning and how to survive with nothing and then prosper. We educated ourselves and our children. Individual Armenians around the world reached dizzying heights of success because they intrinsically understood and had felt hatred and deprivation and the only alternative was to succeed and be better. We have lived in the west and the east, in the north and south. We have covered the globe and have overcome. This is our legacy, yet we hyphenate. I am not a Canadian-Armenian, a Diaspora-Armenian, a repatriate, or an aghpar, I am Armenian. So are you.

Defense Secretary Nominee Owes Apology to Armenian-Americans

Most political observers predict a contentious hearing in the Armed Services Committee and later in the full Senate on the confirmation of former Sen. Chuck Hagel, Pres. Obama s nominee as the next Secretary of Defense. During his 12 years in the Senate, Hagel, a Republican, managed to offend a slew of constituencies, including conservative Senators of his own political party, as well as Jewish Americans, Armenian-Americans, Cuban-Americans, and gays. In order to appease his critics and secure Senate s confirmation, Sen. Hagel has been busy in recent days issuing retractions and apologies to various groups. Upon learning of Hagel s nomination, Jewish-American organizations harshly criticized him for being soft on Iran and hard on Israel, and for stating that "the Jewish lobby" in the United States "intimidates a lot of people." Sen. Hagel responded by telling The Lincoln Journal Star on January 7 that his record demonstrates "unequivocal, total support for Israel" and endorsement of tough economic sanctions against Iran. There is "not one shred of evidence that I m anti-Israeli, not one [Senate] vote that matters hurt Israel," Hagel told the newspaper. The nominee also backed down from his opposition to ambassadorial nominee James Hormel in 1998 whom he had called "openly, aggressively gay." He issued an apology last week to gay rights groups, stating that his earlier comments were "insensitive." However, the nominee for Defense Secretary remains unapologetic regarding his

highly insensitive remarks on the Armenian Genocide. During a press conference in Yerevan on June 2, 2005, Sen. Hagel expressed his opposition to a pending congressional resolution on the Armenian Genocide: "Historians and others should deal with it. But, I don t think that the United States Government should become involved in the issue based on a resolution or any other way. What happened in 1915, happened in 1915. As one United States Senator, I think the better way to deal with this is to leave it open to historians and others to decide what happened and why." This happens to be the exact position of the denialist Turkish regime on the Armenian Genocide. Sen. Hagel went on to tell Armenian journalists: "The fact is that this region needs to move forward. We need to find a lasting peace between Turkey and Armenia and the other nations of this region. I am not sure that by going back and dealing with that in some way that causes one side or the other to be put in difficult spot, helps move the peace process forward." These comments were simply intended to cover-up the Turkish crime of genocide. Sen. Hagel s pronouncements against the recognition of the Armenian Genocide are highlighted by his expressions of admiration for Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder of the Turkish Republic, who continued the genocide initiated by the predecessor regime. It is not surprising that the Ataturk Society of America presented Sen. Hagel, the Ataturk Society s Leadership Award on May 19, 2005, two weeks before going to Armenia and endorsing

the Turkish government s views on the Armenian Genocide. Hurriyet newspaper quoted Sen. Hagel as making the following highly laudatory statement about the Father of modern Turkey in a 2008 speech: "Ataturk is one of the most valuable leaders of the 21st century. Children in the United States know nothing about this great leader. They should teach about him in schools and write about him in history books. Ataturk played a leading role in shaping today s world." Armenian-Americans and human rights activists, who are deeply concerned about Hagel s nomination, were quoted in an article by Adam Kredo in Washington Free Beacon titled, "Chuck Hagel has an Armenian Problem." Here are some of their statements: -- "We remain troubled by former Senator Hagel s acceptance of Ankara s gag-rule on American honesty about the Armenian Genocide," ANCA Executive Director Aram Hamparian stated. -- "We expect a rigorous confirmation process which will also serve as an opportunity for Senator Hagel to forthrightly acknowledge the U.S. record on the Armenian Genocide," stated Bryan Ardouny, Executive Director of the Armenian Assembly of America. -- "On the eve of the Holocaust, Hitler mockingly asked, Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians? Not Chuck Hagel, apparently," stated Rafael Medoff, Director of the David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies. -- "What Chuck Hagel said in his press conference in Armenia in 2005 regarding the genocide of Armenians by Turks is shameful,"

Sen. Chuck Hagel

said Walter Reich, former director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. "In his forthcoming confirmation hearings, senators should confront him with what he said and should expect him to address it." -- Hagel s opposition to U.S. recognition of the Armenian genocide "betrays a shocking lack of moral leadership," stated Thane Rosenbaum, Fordham University Law Professor. Unless Sen. Hagel apologizes for his "insensitive" remarks on the Armenian Genocide, Armenian-Americans should urge the Senate to block his confirmation.

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Amnesty International ...

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statements made by the authorities discounting the possibility of a racist motivation to the attacks. Amnesty International believes that the authorities must carry out a thorough investigation into these attacks without discarding the possibility of hate motivation from the outset and take steps to prevent further attacks.

The incidents

In late November 2012, an 87 year-old woman was physically attacked in the street. She was severely beaten and as a result of the attack lost the sight in one eye. A group of three men allegedly attempted to abduct another elderly woman while on her way to the church on the occasion of the orthodox Christmas on 6 January. The attackers reportedly fled after the intervention by other church goers. On December 28, an 85 year-old woman was found stabbed to death in her home. Her jewellery was stolen. On January 22, an 80 year-old woman was attacked and beaten as she was returning to her home.

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