TorontoHye Newspaper Volume 8, #4-87 - January 2013

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À. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 4 (87), ÚáõÝáõ³ñ 2013 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ

§ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ ëïáñ»õ ïñáõ³Í ßÝáñѳõáñ³·ÇñÁ ëï³ó³õ ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõûݿÝ.

гñ·»ÉÇ Î³ñÇÝ ê³ÕïÁ×»³Ý, Ò»ñ ³½·³Ýí»ñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ Ù»ñ Ýáñ³·áõÛÝ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç гÛñ»ÝÇùÇ, гÛáó å»ï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹»å Ø»Í ëÇñá áõ ÝíÇñí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý »½³ÏÇ áõ ÇÝùݳïÇå ¹ñë¨áñáõÙ ¿: ÞÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ù Ó»ñ Ýáñ ï³ñÇÝ áõ êáõñµ ÌÝáõݹÁ, Ù³ÕÃáõÙ »Ù ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ, áõÅ, »é³Ý¹ áõ ϳñáÕáõÃÛáõÝ µ³½Ù³å³ïÏ»Éáõ Ó»ñ ѳ۳Ýå³ëï ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ: ÂáÕ Ó»ñ ûñÇݳÏáí í³ñ³Ïí»Ý ѳÛáñ¹ÇÝ»ñÁ` Ç ë÷Ûáõéë ³ß˳ñÑÇ, Ñå³ñï³Ý³Ý, áñ áõÝ»Ýù Ó»ñ ÝÙ³Ý ï³Õ³Ý¹³íáñ ½³í³Ï: ÂáÕ îÇñáç ²çÁ Ñáí³ÝÇ ÉÇÝÇ Ó»½, ½áñ³ÏóÇ Ó»ñ ³½·³Ýí»ñ Ó»éݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ: ºí ÃáÕ êáõñµ ÌÝÝ¹Û³Ý ÉáõÛëÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹Ç Ù»ñ ³ß˳ñѳë÷Ûáõé ÅáÕáíñ¹ÇÝ` ÙdzëÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ³½·³Ï»ñïÙ³Ý Çñ ׳ݳå³ñÑÇÝ: ÂáÕ 2013-Á Ó»ñ ¨ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ Ñ³Û ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÉÇÝÇ ëÇñá áõ ѳٻñ³ßËáõÃÛ³Ý, í»ñ³³ñŨáñÙ³Ý, ѳٳ½·³ÛÇÝ Ù»Í Ó»éݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ áõ Ù»Í Ýí³×áõÙÝ»ñÇ ï³ñÇ: ÂáÕ êáõñµ ÌÝÝ¹Û³Ý Ýáñ ³í»ïÇëÝ áõ ÉáõÛëÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹»Ý Ó»½ ¨ ѳٳÛÝ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíñ¹ÇÝ` ÙdzëÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ÇÝùݳѳëï³ïÙ³Ý ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ: гñ·³Ýùáí áõ ·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ýùáí`

Volume 8, No. 4 (87), January 2013 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

§ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ ²Ùë³Ã»ñÃÁ ÏÁ ÞÝáñѳõáñ¿ Çñ ÀÝûñóáÕÝ»ñáõÝ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ »õ ê. ÌÝáõݹÁ

êáõñÇáÛ Ð³Ûáõû³Ý Æñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ ø»ë³åÇ Þáõñç ÐñÃÇéÝ»ñ »õ ø»ë³åóÇ µ³Ý³Ï³ÛÇÝ ½áÑ ÙÁ

гÛáõû³Ý ´³ñ»Ï³Ù ÖáÝ ø»ñÇ »õ è³åÁñà ػݻÝ� ´³Ý³ÉÇ ä³ßïûÝÝ»ñáõ ìñ³Û ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇÝ ÇÝÏ³Í ÑñÃÇéÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï»õ³ÝùÁ гɿåÇ ìÇÉɳݻñ óճٳëÇ ê© ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Ã³ÕÁ£ ÎáÕùÁª ø»ë³åÇ Ùûï³Ï³ÛùÁ ÇÝÏ³Í éáõÙµ»ñáõ ³ñÓ³Ï³Í ÍáõËÁ£

²Ù»ñÇϳÛÇ Ð³Û¸³ïÇ ¶ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÁ áÕçáõÝ»ó Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ݳ˳·³Ñ ä³ñ³ù úå³Ù³ÛÇ ÏáÕÙ¿` ѳ۳ٿï Í»ñ³Ïáõï³Ï³Ý ÖáÝ ø»ñÇÇ Ã»ÏݳÍáõÃÇõÝÁ »ñÏñÇ Û³çáñ¹ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñÇ å³ßïûÝÇÝ ³é³ç³¹ñ»Éáõ Ù³ëÇÝ áñáßáõÙÁ: ø»ñÇ ßáõñç »ñ»ù ï³ëݳٻ³ÏÝ»ñ¿ Ç í»ñ ³ç³Ïó³Í ¿ ³Ù»ñÇÏ³Ñ³Û Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÇÝ` Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý ³éÝãáõáÕ Ñ³ñó»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç: úå³Ù³ ѳ۳ٿï Í»ñ³Ïáõï³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ã»ÏݳÍáõÃÇõÞ³ñ. ï»ë. ¿ç 6

ÂáõñùÇáÛ ë³ÑÙ³ÝÇÝ Ùûï ·ïÝáõáÕ Ñ³Û³ß³ï ø»ë³åÇ ßñç³Ï³ÛùÁ 26 ¸»Ïï»Ùµ»ñÇÝ ÑñÃÇéÝ»ñ ÇÝÏ³Í »Ýª ³Ñ áõ ë³ñë³÷ å³ï׳é»Éáí ßñç³ÝÇ µÝ³ÏÇãÝ»ñáõÝ£ ´³ñ»µ³Ëï³µ³ñ ÑñÃÇéÝ»ñÁ ÃÇñ³ËÇÝ ã»Ý ѳë³Í »õ ÇÝÏ³Í »Ý É»ñ³Ý íñ³Û£ ØÇÝã ³Û¹, ѳ۳õ³ÝÁ ïáõ³õ Çñ ³é³çÇÝ ½áÑÁª µ³Ý³Ï³ÛÇÝ Úáí³Ï øáñÃÙá뻳Ý, áñ ½áÑáõ»ó³õ гɿåÇ Ùûï ëáõñÇ³Ï³Ý µ³Ý³ÏÇÝ »õ ½ÇÝ»³ÉÝ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ ÏéÇõÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ (¿ç` 8): Àëï ´»ñÇáÛ Ã»ÙÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ µ³Ýµ»ñ ÄÇñ³Ûñ è¿ÛÇ뻳ÝÇ« ÿ»õ гɿåÇ Ù¿ç ϳóáõÃÇõÝÁ ·áѳóáõóÇã ã¿« ë³-

ϳÛÝ ³ÝÇϳ ã¿ í³ïóñ³ó³Í£ ì³é»É³ÝÇõÃÇ ë³ÏÁ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿ µ³ñÓñ³Ý³É« Ïñ³ÏáóÝ»ñáõ Ó³ÛÝ»ñ ÏÁ ÉëáõÇÝ Í³Ûñ³Ù³ë»ñ¿Ý« ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý Ã³Õ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç áñáß Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ïÇñ¿£ гɿåÇ Ù¿ç ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ¹³ë»ñÁ ϳñ»ÉÇ »Õ³ÍÇÝ ã³÷ µÝ³Ï³ÝáÝ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÇÝ« áñ¹»·ñáõ³Í ¿ Ëï³ó»³É ¹³ëÁÝóóù« áñå¿ë½Ç ϳñ× Å³Ù³Ý³Ïáõ³Ý Ù¿ç ϳñ»ÉÇ ÁÉÉ³Û ³Ù¿Ý µ³Ý ëáñíÇÉ: ´»ñÇáÛ Ã»ÙÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ ßÝáñÑ³Ï³É³Ï³Ý áõÕ»ñÓ ÛÕ³Í ¿ ´³ñ·³õ³× г۳ëï³Ý Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ݳ˳·³Ñ ¶³·ÇÏ Ì³éáõÏ»³ÝÇݪ ëáõñdz-

ѳÛáõû³Ý ѳñÇõñ ѳ½³ñ ïáɳñÇ û·ÝáõÃÇõÝ ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»ÉáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ¶áõÙ³ñÁ åÇïÇ µ³ÅÝáõÇ Ð³É¿åÇ« ¸³Ù³ëÏáëÇ »õ ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõ ϳñÇù³õáñ ѳۻñáõÝ: ¸³Ù³ëÏáëÇ Ù¿ç í»ñçÇÝ ûñ»ñáõÝ Ï³óáõÃÇõÝÁ ѳݹ³ñï ¿« ë³Ï³ÛÝ Üáñ ï³ñáõ³Ý ÙÃÝáÉáñï ·áÛáõÃÇõÝ ãáõÝÇ£ ä³å ÂáõÙ³ ùñÇëïáÝ¿³Ï³Ý óճٳëÇÝ Ù¿ç å³ïÏ»ñÁ ïËáõñ ¿« Éáõë³õáñáõÙ ãϳ۫ ³Ù³ÛáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ïÇñ¿£ ÆëÏ ÑÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ³ñ³µ³Ëûë ѳۻñáí µÝ³Ïáõ³Í º³·áõåÇ¿ ·ÇõÕÁ, áñ í»ñç»ñë å³ñåáõ³Í ¿ Çñ µÝ³ÏÇãÝ»ñ¿Ý ·ñ³õáõ»ó³õ µ³Ý³ÏÇÝ ¹¿Ù ÏéáõáÕ ½ÇÝ»³ÉÝ»ñáõÝ ÏáÕÙ¿:

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ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 ¼. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

Christmas tree on Renaissance Square in Stepanakert (Photo by Arevik Danielian, The Armenian Weekly)

Children celebrate the holidays at the Naregatsi Art Center in Shushi (Photo by Arevik Danielian, The Armenian Weekly)

ÂàðàÜÂàÐ²Ú Îº²Üø èá½³ î¿ñ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý

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ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

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ܳٳÏÇÝ Ù¿ç Ù³ëݳõáñ³å¿ë ß»ßïáõ³Í »Ý Ñ»ï»õ»³É Ï¿ï»ñÁ. - Ü»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñáõ ÙÃÝáÉáñïÁ µ³ñ»É³õ»Éª ÝϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáí Û³ïϳå¿ë г۳ëï³ÝÇ ¹ÇÙ³·ñ³õ³Í ¹Åáõ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁª ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ áõ ÂáõñùÇáÛ å³ñï³¹ñ³Í ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ßñç³÷³ÏÙ³Ý å³ï׳éáí, ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ù³ïݳÝᯐ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ½»ñÁ, áõñ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõû³Ýó ë»ñï³óáõÙÁ ³õ»ÉÇ Ýå³ëï³õáñ åÇïÇ ÁÉÉ³Ý ÏáÕÙ»ñáõÝ: - سùë³ÛÇÝ ¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ µ³ñ»É³õ»Éª ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÇ »õ ³ñï³ÍáõÙÇ ³éÝãáõáÕ å»ï³Ï³Ý ûñ¿ÝùÝ»ñÁ ³õ»ÉÇ Ã³÷³ÝóÇÏ ¹³ñÓÝ»É: - Ü»ñϳÛÇë г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõáÕ ³Ù»ñÇÏ»³Ý ß³ñù ÙÁ ݳ-

˳ӻéÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ³õ»ÉÇ ³½¹áõ ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáõ ϳñ»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ùÝÝ»É: - ÐáÕ³·áñÍáõû³Ý Ù³ñ½ÇÝ Ù¿ç Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñáõ ³× »õ ·áñͳÏóáõû³Ý ë»ñï³óáõÙ ³å³Ñáí»É: - ¸ñ³Ù³ïݳÛÇÝ, ³å³Ñáí³·ñ³Ï³Ý áõ ½µûë³ßñç³ÛÇÝ Ï³å»ñÁ ë»ñï³óÝ»É: - ê÷Çõéù¿Ý Û³õ»É»³É Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñ áõ ³é»õïáõñÁ ù³ç³É»ñ»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ù³ÛÉ»ñ áñ¹»·ñ»É: - ²ñáõ»ëïÇ ·áñÍ»ñáõ áã ûñÇÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝÝ»ñáõ ï³ñ³ÍáõÙÁ ½ëå»Éáõ »õ ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ïÝ»ñáõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ³å³Ñáí»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ѳñϳõáñ ù³ÛÉ»ñáõ ¹ÇÙ»É:

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2013 14 ¼.ÚàôÜàô²ð î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

by Christine Maydossian

District Fashion Show, held on September 28-29 in benefit of ARS Armenian Private School and Free the Children, was a grand success with record-breaking attendance. During the 2-day event, 45 Hallcrown Place was completely transformed, from its red carpet at the entrance to its Paris Fashion We e k - e s q u e r u n w a y a n d s e a t i n g arrangement. Both nights, attendees scattered across the venue and sipped on their drinks at cocktail hour, impatiently waiting for the show to begin. Special guests included Philip Tetro from MTV Canada, Faith Bachlow from Free the Children, and high profile professionals and business owners from the fashion industry across the GTA. DFS placed great importance in supporting Torontonian fashion entrepreneurs through showcasing their merchandise in the show as well as in an irresistibly swanky Lookbook. As it took its audience across 15 city districts around the world, DFS featured

TORONTO ARMENIANS

District fashion Show

fashion from over 15 various Toronto retailers, a few of which were named amongst the Best of Bayview in October 2012. The show particularly showcased couture collections from independent fashion designers Stema by Stefani Mas and Sakhuja by Natasha Sakhuja and accessories from La Nouvelle Ancienne, owned and operated by ARS alumni Tamar Aznavourian. As a group of young professionals, DFS recognizes the significance of encouraging entrepreneurship and promoting local business, fostering economic growth and development in the City of Toronto. The show Executive worked tirelessly with its sponsors, models, photographers, makeup artists, hairdressers, choreographers, performers, and other parties to materialize the show. The Lookbook was a big hit, with DFS models wearing merchandise from most retail sponsors. Five sets of photo shoots with our photographers across the summer months

allowed for the editorial aspect of DFS to take shape. A television commercial was also directed and filmed by DFS social media guru, Jacob Porpossian. It is through working with such talent that District brought to life visions embracing a baroque Viennese bal masqué in rock and roll, 1950 s Brooklyn swag, the robotic quirk of Tokyo, and contemporary Parisian panache. Cosmopolitan Armenia featured the DFS Executive in its very own exclusive fashion editorial, which included an interview with fashion co-director, Christine Maydossian. This lent a particularly international edge to the event and its allure. The show was exceptionally well received by attendees of all ages. The musical choices as well as the choreography continue to be praised as well as the fashion styling and choice of merchandise. DFS was an epic event, organized and implemented by volunteers and supporters.

Apkar Mirakian and Art Hagopian Honored with Queen Jubilee Medal

L to R: MP Lois Brown with Art Hagopian and MP Jim Karygiannis with Apkar Mirakian

On December 2, Jim Karygiannis, MP for Scarborough-Agincourt, awarded Apkar Mirakian a Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal for his longstanding work with the Canadian Armenian community. The nomination referenced Mirakian's work helping new immigrants to integrate into Canadian society, and raising funds for charities in Canada and around the world. Karygiannis also mentioned that Mirakian's award was meant to recognize the contributions of the Canadian Armenian community to Canada. On November 30, Armenian community leader Art Hagopian was awarded with a Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal. The presentation ceremony was held at the York Region Administrative Centre chambers in Newmarket by Lois Brown (MP

Newmarket-Aurora), Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of International Cooperation. The Aurora Legion Colour Guard, the York Region pipe and drums led the ceremony and the 50 member York Regional Police Chorus entertained the attendees. Hagopian has served as the president of the Canadian Ethnocultural Council, and as national director for Fondation Canadienne pour le Dialogue des Cultures. Art is a long-time volunteer with the Dominion Institute Canada, visiting schools and speaking about new immigrant experiences. He has been recognized on an international level within UNESCO and has made deputations on preventing racism to 56 separate municipalities.

Book presentation at the Armenian Embassy

On November 19, the Embassy of the Republic of Armenia to Canada hosted a presentation of Canadian-Armenian political scientist, poet, Emeritus Professor Alan Whitehorn's bilingual poem book "Return to Armenia". Guests from Canadian authorities, diplomatic corps, NGOs and Armenian Diaspora were present. The book presentation started with the address of Ambassador Armen Yeganian, who underlined the importance of Genocide education through diplomacy, academia and art. Alan Whitehorn is an Emeritus Professor of the Royal Military College of Canada and is author of several books. Most of Professor Whitehorn's poems are dedicated to the Armenian Genocide and the longing for Motherland. The poem collection "Return to Armenia" has the same themes and is the first to be presented with Armenian translation.

ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

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2013 16 ¼.ÚàôÜàô²ð î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

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2013 18 ¼.ÚàôÜàô²ð î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

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ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

TORONTO ARMENIANS

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EU, Armenia Sign Visa Facilitation Deal (RFE/RL)- The European Union and Armenia took a further step towards a wideranging association accord when they signed a deal to ease visa requirements for Armenians planning to visit EU countries. Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian, his Cypriot counterpart Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis and EU Commissioner for Home Affairs Cecilia Malmstrom signed the agreement in Brussels during a session of the EU-Armenia Cooperation Council. The agreement is meant to give Armenian nationals access to the so-called Schengen zone encompassing much of Europe with fewer documents and at a lower cost. Also, some categories of travelers such as university students, academics and state officials will now be eligible for long-term and multipleentry Schengen visas. The deal was initialed in Brussels two months ago shortly after Yerevan unilaterally lifted its visa requirements for EU nationals. Starting from next year, they will be allowed to stay in Armenia visa-free for up to 90 days. The EU s Enlargement and Neighborhood

Policy Commissioner Stefan Fuele, who chaired the Cooperation Council meeting together with Nalbandian and KozakouMarcoullis, described the document as a visible and tangible result of our close partnership. Nalbandian, for his part, called its signing an important step. Visa facilitation is one of the incentives for political and economic reform offered by the EU to Armenia and five other ex-Soviet states as part of its Eastern Partnership program. All of those states are also eligible for Association Agreements with the 27-nation bloc. Fuele said the EU s ongoing association talks with the Armenian government have progressed well this year. For a successful outcome which allows EU-Armenia relations to reach their full potential, we will need sustained reform efforts next year, he said, singling out the proper conduct of a presidential election slated for next February. We welcome Armenia's efforts in the area of good governance and human rights. Important challenges remain, including

IMF Approves New Loans But Urges More Reforms In Armenia

Guillermo Tolosa, the IMF's resident representative in Armenia.

(RFE/RL)- The International Monetary Fund called for a more radical improvement of the business environment and tax collection in Armenia in December as it announced the release of more than $51 million in fresh loans to the authorities in Yerevan. A senior IMF official said doing business in the country remains difficult because of its geopolitical isolation, government corruption and a lack of clear and predictable government regulations. The loans approved by the fund s Executive Board in Washington are the latest installments of a $409 million lending program that was launched in June 2010 to facilitate Armenia s recovery from a deep economic recession. Their allocation raised to about $325 million the total amount of funding drawn by the Armenian government and Central Bank under the three-year arrangement. Armenia s economy has continued to recover from the deep recession experienced in 2008-09 in the context of the global financial crisis. Growth accelerated in 2012, and is expected to be around potential in 2013, Nemat Shafik, the IMF s deputy managing director, said in a statement issued in connection with the disbursement. Shafik praised the government for cutting the state budget deficit since 2010 but stressed the need for more government efforts to boost tax revenues and strengthen the legal framework, improve governance, and enhance

competitiveness. Armenia remains well below all its comparators regarding its tax revenue-toGDP [ratio,] Guillermo Tolosa, the IMF s resident representative in Yerevan, told a news conference. He said the Armenian authorities have failed to substantially increase that proportion so far. Tolosa also stated that the business environment in Armenia still leaves much to be desired despite wide-ranging structural reforms implemented by the authorities in the last few years. The situation has been improving, he said. Armenia has been climbing in the [World Bank s] Doing Business rankings quite significantly, which reflects the fact that there have been considerable efforts in this regard. But it is still difficult to do business and attract foreign investment, especially when these difficult times [around the world] come. The reasons why it s difficult to do business here are multi-dimensional, continued the IMF official. We think that the key problem here for businessmen is of course geopolitics. The second most important problem has to do with the fact that it s still difficult to deal with the government on many fronts. It s difficult to predict exactly how much has to be paid for different government obligations and government officials, he said, referring to corrupt practices hampering economic activity. The annual Doing Business survey released by the World Bank in October indicated a further improvement of the investment climate in Armenia, singling out the areas of tax administration and investor protection. Armenia ranked 32nd among 184 economies rated by the bank on 11 aspects of government regulation of mainly small and medium-size businesses. It occupied 50th place in the 2011 rankings. Tolosa praised the government for giving more powers to the State Commission for the Protection of Economic Competition (SCPEC) last year and said it is planning to enact new legislation that would further strengthen the antitrust body. Still, he implied that the SCPEC has so far failed to liberalize sectors of the Armenian economy dominated by a handful of wealthy entrepreneurs. In that context, Tolosa called for a major reform of the Armenian customs service, a key source of complaints from local businesspeople. There are some practices that could lead to unfair advantages for some players in the market, he said.

Armenian Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian (L), his Cypriot counterpart Erato KozakouMarcoullis (C) and EU Commissioner for Home Affairs Cecilia Malmstrom sign a visa facilitation agreement in Brussels, December 17.

ensuring independence of the judiciary and pursuing systemic anti-corruption measures, Fuele told a joint news conference with the Armenian and Cypriot ministers. The Armenian authorities have repeatedly

assured EU officials that they will spare no effort to make the February election the most democratic in the country s history. Nalbandian on Monday also reiterated Yerevan s hopes to have the Association Agreement finalized

Corruption Survey Finds Little Improvement In Armenia

(RFE/RL)- Despite its government s stated efforts to combat corruption, Armenia again ranked low in an annual global survey released by Transparency International. Armenia and seven other countries, including Mexico and the Philippines, share 105th place in the Berlin-based watchdog s 2012 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) covering 176 states and territories. The South Caucasus state ranked 129th in the previous CPI released a year go. That survey rated 183 nations. Varuzhan Hoktanian, director of Transparency International s Armenian branch, the Anti-Corruption Center, downplayed Armenia s improved position in the latest rankings topped by Denmark, Finland and New Zealand. He said its CPI score has actually slightly worsened over the past year. The 2012 survey assigned Armenia a score of 34 measured on a 100-point scale, with zero indicating an extremely high degree of corruption as perceived by entrepreneurs and experts. Transparency International rated countries with 10-point scales in its previous surveys. The overall picture is quite sad, Hoktanian told a news conference. In the last few years corruption has continued to grow on the global scale and this indicator testifies to that. Hoktanian insisted that the scale of bribery and other corrupt practices in Armenia has not decreased in the last several years despite government pledges to step up its efforts to tackle the problem. He said separate surveys conducted by the Anti-Corruption Center show that the law-enforcement and judicial systems are regarded by Armenians as the most corrupt public institutions. President Serzh Sarkisian has pledged

to crack down on graft throughout his rule. His prime minister, Tigran Sarkisian, said last month that the president has instructed the Armenian government to take resolute antigraft measures so that we can effect changes that are tangible and visible. The announcement followed a series of corruption inquiries ordered by the Armenian authorities after a September 15 government meeting during which President Sarkisian denounced widespread corruption in the administration of state procurements. Several senior government officials were sacked in the following weeks amid criminal proceedings launched by the police. Opposition leaders and other government critics have dismissed this crackdown as a publicity stunt aimed at boosting Sarkisian s reelection chances in a presidential ballot due in February. Varuzhan Hoktanian of the Armenian branch of Transparency International presents the 2012 Corruption Perceptions Index in Yerevan, December, 2012

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2013 22 ¼.ÚàôÜàô²ð î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

ARMENIA

Armenia Announces Significant Arms Acquisitions (RFE/RL) The Armenian military recently reported significant arms acquisitions in 2012 and said it will continue to modernize its forces with precision weaponry in the coming years. At the beginning of this year we declared that we have acquired new rocket systems capable of neutralizing active [armor] protection of enemy tanks, said Artsrun Hovannisian, the spokesman for Armenia s Defense Ministry. This is just one example new-generation precision-guided weapons. Naturally, we do not declare some things immediately. But those acquisitions are significant and they will be unveiled little by little, Hovannisian told a news conference. The focus remains on extremely precise means of firepower that have serious preemptive functions, he said of the army s plans for 2013. It s an ongoing process. You will have a chance to see all that later on. The mostly secret acquisitions stem from a five-year plan to modernize Armenia s armed forces with long-range weapons and other hardware that was approved President Serzh Sarkisian s administration two years ago. Defense Minister Seyran Ohanian said early this year that the plan is being successfully put into action. Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan likewise spoke of an on ongoing military buildup shortly afterwards.

Some of the long-range weapons possessed by Armenia were demonstrated for the first time during a military parade in Yerevan in September, 2011. Those included Russian-made Scud-B and Tochka-U missiles capable of hitting strategic targets deep inside Azerbaijani territory. The Armenian military said in October this year that it has simulated missile strikes on military targets as well as oil and gas installations in Azerbaijan during major exercises held in Armenia and NagornoKarabakh throughout that month. It implied that those facilities will be struck in the event of a new Armenian-Azerbaijani war. Azerbaijan condemned those threats and said its army is strong enough to protect Azerbaijani oil infrastructure and hit any target in Armenia. Over the past decade, Baku has spent billions of dollars in oil and gas revenues on a military buildup which it hopes will eventually enable it to win back Karabakh and other Armenian-controlled territories surrounding the disputed enclave. The Armenian army also appears to have been reinforced with more advanced versions of Russian-made S-300 air-defense systems. IMINT and Analysis, a U.S. defense newsletter using open-source satellite imagery, reported in October that such systems have been deployed in the last two years in Armenia s

5 Armenian Pilots Die In Congo Plane Crash

An Ilyushin 76 (IL-76) plane

(RFE/RL)- Five Armenian pilots flying a cargo plane in Congo died on December 2 when it crashed at Brazzaville airport, also killing around 30 other people. News reports said the Russian-made Ilyushin-72 plane skidded off the runway and crashed into houses and a bar in the Congolese capital after it landed in a violent storm. Most of the victims were said to be local residents. The plane was flying in from the western port city of Pointe Noire carrying cars and other goods. According to Armenia s Foreign Ministry, five of the seven crew members killed in the crash, including Captain Varazdat Balasanian, were Armenian nationals. The ministry identified the four other Armenian victims as Ara Tovmasian, Tadevos Hovannisian, Andranik Gevorgian and Edgar Avetian. It said the Armenian Embassy in Egypt is now trying to arrange the repatriation of their bodies. All five pilots worked in Congo on a

contractual basis, Nelly Cherchinian, a spokeswoman for Armenia s civil aviation authority, told RFE/RL. Other sources said the pilots worked for an Armenian aviation company. Its name was not immediately known. The Ilyushin-72 was reportedly registered with the Congolese company Aero-Service. Like many African countries, Congo has some of the worst air safety records in the world. Armenian pilots have worked for domestic and foreign airlines carrying out flights in Africa and the Middle East ever since the Soviet collapse, which left many of them without permanent jobs. Four of them died when their Antonov-12 cargo plane crashed in Sudan in 2003. Six other Armenian pilots, who worked for a little-known Yerevan-based carrier, were arrested in Equatorial Guinea in 2004 and spent more than a year in a notorious local jail on highly controversial coup charges they strongly denied.

southeastern Syunik province adjacent to Karabakh. The online publication said their sophisticated surface-to-air missiles not only cover the entire Karabakh airspace but can also thwart air travel between Azerbaijan and its Nakhichevan exclave. Incidentally, President Sarkisian visited a new air-defense base near the reported location of the S-300PS batteries in late October. Official Armenian sources reported

no details of its weaponry. Armenia is able to stay in an intensifying arms race with oil-rich Azerbaijan mainly because of close military ties with Russia that entitle it to receiving Russian weapons at discount prices or even free of charge. A new Russian-Armenian defense agreement signed in August 2010 commits Moscow to helping Yerevan obtain modern and compatible weaponry and special military hardware.

US Firms Based in Armenia Call for Trade Agreement A broad range of American companies doing business in Armenia, including Microsoft, FedEx, and NASDAQ, have, in letters shared with the U.S. Embassy, called upon the Obama Administration to take concrete action prioritizing the growth of U.S.-Armenia economic relations through the negotiation of a bilateral Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA). The Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA), in the interest of job-creation in both America and Armenia, is actively engaged with the White House, the U.S. Trade Representative, the Congress, and the Departments of State, Treasury, and Commerce in support of a broad array of practical steps and policies to promote U.S.Armenia economic and commercial relations. These firms employ thousands in Armenia and worldwide, generate tens of millions of dollars in revenues, and are engines of progress, friendship, and cooperation for both nations. Among those joining with Microsoft, FedEx, and NASDAQ in petitioning for a TIFA were Marriott, Ameria Banking Group, Prudence Legal Advisory and Counseling, Grant Thornton, Baker Tilley Armenia, Synergy, Tufenkian Heritage Hotels, Altacode, Leda Campus LLC, Levon Travel, Unicomp, Synopsys, Megerian Carpet, National Instruments, Mentor Graphics, First Mortgage, Geoteam, Hylink, LC Distribution, and Linkgard Systems. The Armenian government has long been on record requesting that its U.S. partners join with them in negotiating a TIFA, as well as a much-needed Double Tax Treaty. The American Chamber of Commerce in Armenia, through the active leadership of its Chairman, Edward Mouradian and professional support from its Executive Director Diana Gaziyan, has played a vital role in giving voice to the public policy priorities of the U.S. business community in Armenia. Many members of the U.S. Congress have expressed their support for a U.S.-Armenia TIFA, as has the ANCA. Obama, for his part, during his 2008 campaign, promised to foster expanded trade with Armenia. U.S. Ambassador to Armenia John Heffern, during his confirmation process, also spoke of his interest in expanding the U.S.Armenia trade relationship. Beyond reinforcing the strong cultural

bonds between the American and Armenian peoples, these corporations, in their letters, pointed out that the creation of a TIFA platform for ongoing bilateral economic dialogue would help facilitate a broad range of benefits to both the United States and Armenia, including: improving the investment climate, identifying priority areas for growth, and building trade capacity; addressing regional trade issues, including the special hardships faced by Armenia due to the blockades imposed on its borders by Turkey and Azerbaijan; streamlining customs systems, and increasing the transparency of governmental processes related to imports and exports; discussing the effectiveness of current programs in Armenia of the U.S. Export-Import Bank, Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and U.S. Trade and Development Agency; expanding agricultural trade and investment; growing the level of trade in services, including banking, insurance, and tourism; promoting diasporan trade and investment, with a special focus on expanding Armenian-American trade and investment partnerships with Armenia; improving Armenia s use of U.S. Generalized System of Preferences benefits; addressing any outstanding problems in the area of intellectual property rights; and exploring ways to deepen future U.S.Armenia trade and investment In their letters, these firms stressed their interest in building upon a TIFA platform through additional bilateral accords, notably a Double Tax Treaty, a Social Security Agreement, and, ultimately, a Free Trade Agreement.

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Armenian Government Ignores Concerns Raised by 14 Organizations about Teghut Mine The Armenia Copper Programme (ACP), a division of the Vallex Group registered offshore in Liechtenstein, has begun operating a controversial mining project initiated in 2007 in the northern village of Teghut, Armenia. Preliminary work on the project began with the clearing of a portion of the pristine Teghut Forest to create a massive tailing dump for the toxic waste left after mineral processing. Currently, the company is aggressively removing a mountain in order to reach the underground deposits of copper and molybdenum. Armenian government has openly made mining a key part of its economic development strategy for the country, despite widespread public protest on environmental, economic, and social grounds. There are more than 400 active mines and 19 tailing dumps in Armenia, a small country the size of the US state of Maryland. Scientists have reported major health risks in communities around the mines scattered throughout Armenia. Human rights and environmental activists have also protested violations of property rights and the loss of rare and endangered ecosystems and biodiversity. According to an expert at a recent conference on the socio-economics of mining held at American University of Armenia, the value of the minerals in the Teghut mine are $20 billion, yet only $300 million is anticipated in taxes and salaries from this project, or a mere 1.5 percent. This is widely understood to be grossly inadequate to cover the environmental and social costs that a project of this type and magnitude will generate. A coalition of 14 prominent organizations including Armenia Tree Project (ATP) and Armenian Environmental Network (AEN) sent a letter to President Serzh Sargsyan and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan on October 30, requesting an independent Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Teghut

mining project. Cases brought in opposition to the operations in Armenian courts have been cursorily and improperly dismissed on strictly procedural bases without proper examination as to the substance of the claims. The Environmental Impact Assessment and public notice requirements are fatally flawed. The irreparable damage already done to Teghut, and the yet greater damage that will be done to the region if mining continues, demand immediate attention, reads the letter, in part. The joint letter requests the EIA in order to: 1) comply with domestic and international laws, 2) determine and present an accurate analysis of the environmental impact of the Teghut mining operations, 3) address the potential public health impacts of the Teghut mining operations, 4) take alternative development options to mining into consideration, and 5) restore public faith and trust in government. The coalition recently received a response to the letter from Edgar Pirumyan, Ministry of Nature Protection Chief of Staff, who said that an EIA was completed within the scope of the law and that the project was therefore approved. We are disappointed with the perfunctory response through the Ministry of Nature Protection whose primary mission is the protection of Armenia s environment. While an environmental assessment was conducted for the Teghut mining project, the organization conducting it, LMI, is a subsidiary of Vallex, which is the project sponsor. By international standards, the LMI assessment certainly cannot be considered an independent environmental assessment, notes ATP Managing Director Tom Garabedian. We restate our request that a valid independent environmental impact assessment be conducted before any further work at the Teghut site is undertaken. We are

Environmentalists Unconvinced By PM s Assurances

A coalition of prominent Armenian organizations has raised environmental, economic, and social concerns about a large mining project underway in the northern village of Teghut. This photograph of mountaintop removal was taken at the site on December 1, 2012 by Babken DerGrigorian

heartened by the public scrutiny which the Teghut project has received and support the efforts of the activists who are petitioning the Armenian government. In a recent visit to California, the Prime Minister expressed his commitment to Armenia s environment. We hope that there is a willingness of the government to reexamine Teghut and mining in Armenia as a whole, concludes Garabedian. The Teghut issue resonates with Armenians near and far because it weaves together a number of contemporary issues: rule of law; transparency in decision-making; public health considerations; and public access to information, says Ursula Kazarian, President of AEN. She continues, The unrelenting pillaging of precious and limited natural resources for the short-term financial benefit of a handful of foreign and Armenian

investors is both tragic and appalling. Despite the government s lackluster response to our request for an independent EIA, we are encouraged by the increasing civic engagement we are seeing on the ground and in the Diaspora around this issue, and we hope to see that momentum continue. The letter was co-signed by Acopian Center for the Environment, Armenian American Health Professionals Organization, Armenian American Medical Association, Armenian American Nurses Association, Armenian American Pharmacists Association, Armenian Bar Association, Armenian International Dental Association, Armenian Medical International Committee, Axis of Justice (Serj Tankian), Civic Forum, haikProject, and World Wide Fund for Nature, Armenia.

Foreign Ministry Building to be Auctioned

Environmental activists demonstrate in Alaverdi against mining operations in the nearby Teghut forest, January 15. (RFE/RL)- Environmental activists in Yerevan on December 19 dismissed Prime Minister Tigran Sarkisian s assurances that his government approves of their increasingly vocal movement and will address their concerns over the Armenian mining industry. Sarkisian faced a street protest by Armenian sympathizers of the movement in the United States when he visited California over the weekend. He spoke to the protesters and heard their complaints about the environmental cost of mining in Armenia. Your government must halt those disastrous projects, one of them told the premier. I m glad that this movement is gaining momentum in Armenia, Sarkisian told the small crowd. The Armenian government is taking environmentalists concerns seriously even if it does not necessarily agree with them, he said. Artur Grigorian, a Yerevan-based environmental campaigner, dismissed Sarkisian s remarks, saying that the prime minister has been a strong backer of Armenian mining companies and their controversial operations. He said

Sarkisian already promised environment protection groups in 2008 to consider halting the destruction of the Teghut forest in northern Armenia which is rich in copper and molybdenum. The orders given by the prime minister went unheeded, Grigorian told a news conference. The same person is now trying to engage us. That is unserious. Another activist, Anna Shahnazarian, dismissed Sarkisian s pledge to meet environmental leaders on his return to Yerevan. He said something that is well below our expectations from him, she said. We can always meet him. But what we want from him is actions. Armenian ecologists have long been at loggerheads with mining companies, accusing it of polluting soil and rivers and contributing to the country s deforestation. They also accuse the Armenian government of turning a blind eye to what they see as gross violations of ecological standards by mining companies. The government denies these accusations.

The historic building housing Armenia s Foreign Ministry and other ministries will be auctioned months after the government announced its sale to Argentinean businessman Eduardo Eurnekian, announced the government s press service. The government reported in October that it had sold the building to Eurnekian for a reported more than $51 million. At the time the government announced that the building be converted into a luxury hotel. The October statement also said Eurnekian s company was to construct a new Foreign Ministry building elsewhere in downtown Yerevan by

September 2015. The Armenian government will pay for the construction with proceeds from the sale, it added. Head of the State Property Department Arman Sahakian said that the government has reconsidered the sale and in what he termed as a government effort for more transparency, the building will be auctioned to the highest bidder, reporter the Beijingbased Xinhua News Agency. Sahakian also refuted reports that Eurnekian was backing out of the deal, saying that he would be able to participate in the auction, if he chose to.

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ARMENIA

Dzarougian: Ethereal Aleppo

Translated by Jennifer Manoukian

People without a Childhood (سÝÏáõÃÇõÝ ãáõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ), as well as for his long poem, Letter to Yerevan (ÂáõÕà ³é ºñ»õ³Ý) and for the various pieces of prose and poetry published in Nayiri, the Aleppo-based, and later Beirutbased, literary journal that he founded and edited. When Dzarougian passed away in 1989, Aleppo still bore a resemblance to the city that he had known as a young man, the city that he describes with such pride in Ethereal Aleppo. Through the

Nights in Aleppo. During the summer, my mother would take our mattresses out of our rooms, so that we could sleep out in the open air. On those deep dark nights in the city of Aleppo, we saw the sky s brightest stars and the world s fullest, most radiant moon. From the infinite silence of the night emerged a wandering display of shooting stars, a confusion of lights that left a trail of silvery feathers in its path. Nights in Aleppo. In Aleppo, there were still no buses to shake the ground and the old walls; cars were a rare sight and served only to transport people out of the city. It was the horse-drawn carriages that would circle around the streets; we would hear the rhythmic stamping of hooves on the black cobblestone, but this sharp tune would grow softer before it reached our sprawling third floor roof, and as the night drew on, it too would disappear. We had to listen very closely to hear the distant sound of the night patrol whistling from one street to another, or the dull clanking of caravans coming and going on the outskirts of the city at daybreak. These sounds seeped into my dreams, lulling me into the sweet slumber of the morning hours. For me the sky became a diary, even an illustrated book of memories, where the day s events and people, and the things they did and said, would parade past me once again. It was to such an extent that I had to wait until nighttime lying on my back with my head on a pillow and my eyes fixed on the stars for the events of the day to become simpler and clearer in that calm, quiet environment, even though I had seen or participated in those events during the day. My daily routine replayed over again at night, like a film reel rotating for the second time; people and events appeared sharper, and I saw details, subtleties and hues that had eluded me during the first showing. And when I reminisce about the past, about my dreams and days in Aleppo, people and events come to me not in their proper places and moments, but in the vast night s sky on the roof of the Marsilia Hotel. The

following selections, we are transported to the mid-20th century when Aleppo was a thriving center of Armenian life, a haven for Armenians as they slowly rebuilt their community. In this memoir, Dzarougian shows us how, in many ways, Armenians adopted the city of Aleppo as their own. The Armenian community of Aleppo in the 1940 s and 1950 s was culturally vibrant, and the city continued to serve as a stronghold for diasporan Armenian identity into the 21st century, with its various

boiling, crazy, foolish adolescent episodes of my youth in the streets, homes and gardens of Aleppo calmed over the years, but the sky saved copies of them, surrendering them night after night to create a pristine album *** It is written that first loves do not come of anything and, even if they do, rarely do they end well. Being that they are the first, they stay pure and ethereal, like a lingering sunset in a haze of sweet sorrow The star-studded sky of Aleppo a close confidant reminds me, one by one, of my first loves, crises and inner feelings. I reminisce about those days; in reality, about those nights. And as I write these lines, my eyes instinctively look up in hopes of finding the sky, but there is only a white ceiling above me From very early on, my distinct comprehension of life, which matured over the years and took root in me, was born out of the sky and the stars above the Marsilia Hotel. On that rooftop, it was not dawn that announced the morning, but the call heard from below: haleeb! It was the milkman. They never mixed water into the milk, and in my days, Aleppo as pure as that milk.1 *** Easters in Aleppo There are thousands of Armenians who have left Syria and Lebanon for all corners of the world; from Armenia to Canada, from Argentina to Australia. And among them is a generation in their forties and older for whom Easters in Aleppo have remained an indelible memory. For a whole twenty years, the city of Aleppo was the heart of the Diaspora, and during the three days of Easter that heart beat with national pride. Two or three thousand Armenian boys and girls, coming from all over the region to a sports field, transformed the city into a garden full of flowers that perfumed the air with freshness and Armenian identity. These days recalled the feasts of Navasart2 that we had read about in books, and after the games and competitions, the children paraded down the city s main boulevard like

cultural organizations and schools that have instilled in young Armenians a sense of responsibility in maintaining their language and culture. Today many AleppoArmenians teach in Armenian schools throughout the diaspora, imparting enthusiasm for Armenian culture to their students wherever they go. It was in fact thanks to the dedication of an Aleppo-born Armenian teacher that I developed a love for the Armenian language and learned the skills needed to translate texts like the following.

a torrent, accompanied by the roaring, rhythmic sounds of the brass instruments in the marching band. Easters in Aleppo would remain the greatest source of joy for every Armenian who experienced them, wherever in the world they happen to live now. On that field, I have seen Hagop Oshagan,3 who was given a standing ovation by twenty thousand Armenians. As he was being invited to the microphone, he squeezed my arm with such emotion that it stayed blue for days. I have seen Shavarsh Missakian,4 who momentarily forgetting modern Armenian, muttered, Oh, take me to the days of Navasart, 5 in classical Armenian, as if he were praying. I have seen Dro,6 his eyes accustomed to seeing parades of soldiers, put his large, bear-like hand on my shoulder and say, I want to fly among these children and hug them close. Easters in Aleppo

Aleppo has molded community leaders and educators who have enriched Armenian communities across the diaspora for three generations, but its future is now in great peril. The magnitude of this loss has the potential to devastate not only the Armenians of Aleppo, but the entire Armenian Diaspora. It is essential that diasporan communities extend a hand to Aleppo and lend their support to protect one of the last bastions of diasporan Armenian culture left today.

Notes 1 In the original sentence, Dzarougian plays with the words haleeb, the Arabic word for milk, and Haleb, the Arabic and Armenian word for Aleppo. 2 Navasart was a pre-Christian festival and athletic competition that marked the beginning of the new year each August. 3 Hagop Oshagan (1883-1948) was one of the most prominent literary critics and one of the most prolific writers in the history of Armenian literature. 4 Shavarsh Missakian (1884-1957) was an editor and journalist best known for founding the French-Armenian newspaper Haratch in 1925. 5 This is a verse from a poem from the pre-Christian era entitled, The Dying Words of King Ardashes. 6 Dro (1884-1956) was the nickname of Drastamat Kanayan, an Armenian general, revolutionary, and politician.

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The following passages are taken from Antranig Dzarougian s 1980 memoir, Ethereal Aleppo (ºñ³½³ÛÇÝ Ð³É¿åÁ). One of the foremost writers and editors in the Armenian Diaspora, Dzarougian lived and worked in the Armenian communities of Syria and Lebanon. Born in 1913 in the Ottoman town of Gurin (modern Gürün), Dzarougian was rescued during the massacres and brought to Aleppo, where he was raised in an Armenian orphanage. He is best known for a memoir about that period in his life,

ARMENIA

ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

25

An Actress s Journey from the Canadian Military to Hollywood by Lilly Torosyan [I] started out in Canada; this year, I ended up in bed with Larry David for Curb Your Enthusiasm, reads actress Anne Bedian s Twitter description. Known for roles in television movies and shows, such as CSI and NCIS, the Montreal-born actress continues to prove her ability on the small and big screen. Acting is a desire that I can remember having since I was 12 years old, Bedian explains. I started acting in small parts in Montreal and eventually went to Toronto after some training. But the glue that brought it all together, that allowed me to entertain the notion of this being a career move, was the Meisner training by my coach, Jacqueline McClintock, who passed away last week, she continues. Before acting, Bedian was enlisted in the Canadian Armed Forces (CF) from 1990-93 and, at 17 years old, was the youngest member to serve on board the HMCS Nipigon, an Annapolis-class destroyer in the CF. The military environment was for some reason not unnatural to me, and yet it never felt quite like home either. So I knew it was not a long-term move, she explains. The Nagorno-Karabagh War during the same time period was unbeknownst to Bedian at the time. Had she been aware of the conflict, she says, she would have served for Armenia. During my three years of service, Armenians were fighting for their lives and historic lands of Artsakh, alongside Monte [Melkonian]. Had I known of this, I very well may have ended up in another unit, in mountainous Karabagh. The day I officially ceased to be a soldier

by Chris Bohjaian We all have a little Forrest Gump in us. A bit of Leonard Zelig. We ve all had those moments when, suddenly, we are not merely witnesses to an instant fraught with meaning, but we are participants in the scene. We see ourselves both in the minute and with a cinematic distance: Camera pulls back wide to reveal the majesty of the spectacle, the sheer grandeur. And there, much to our surprise, we see ourselves. We are at once in the moment, and an observer of it. 1×1.trans Bohjalian: Forrest Gump Goes to Beirut I had one of those experiences when I was in Beirut in December. I was in Lebanon as a guest of Hamazkayin and the Vahe Setian Publishing House. I had spent a week visiting universities and schools, and now I was in the Catholicosate in Antelias, meeting with His Holiness Aram I, before he and a pair of scholars were going to discuss my most recent novel, The Sandcastle Girls, in front of a packed house of roughly 300 people. After the two of us had talked for 45 minutes in his office, we were summoned to Gulbenkian Hall, and here is where I went from Armenian-American novelist to Zelig or Gump. I started to walk toward the hall, but His Holiness put his hand on my shoulder and guided me into the line of Reverent Fathers beside him. Fourteen men in black cassocks and ceremonial vestments and me. And thus, I walked into Gulbenkian beside Aram I, in a formal procession of Armenian priests. It wasn t the most terrifying moment of my professional life, but it was up there. It was also, however, among the most moving. The reality is that my visit to the Lebanese-Armenian community my second in 2012 was rich in memories like that. There was my sobering conversation with the principal of one of the Armenian high schools where I spoke. I asked him how the students who had arrived from the cataclysm that has engulfed Aleppo were doing. They

June 12, 1993 was the day Monte died. Maybe there was a soldier in me, some hand guiding me to fulfill that desire in a safer place. Who knows? After the military, Bedian enrolled at Concordia University, studying accounting a feat she was determined to accomplish successfully. I struggled in high school with math and all math-related subjects, she admits. By the time I finished my three-year contract, the military had instilled in me a fierce sense of determination, motivation, and very high self-esteem. She adds, accounting was a personal challenge I set for myself, and eventually realized that I loved it! Bedian believes that her experience in the military helped her develop a fierce work ethic in the acting field, as well. Her role with Seinfeld s co-creator, Larry David, occurred on the site of Palestinian Chicken, the Emmy-winning, as well as highest-rated, episode of Curb Your Enthusiasm, David s hit sitcom on HBO. She describes working with David as both comforting and humorous. Between takes, [David and I] chatted a bit and I sensed something paternal about him, especially when I expressed shyness at my parents potentially watching the episode one day. One of the points he kept reassuring me was, At least you re not naked. That s Larry David. Recently, Bedian starred as Sona, the troubled wife in Vahé Berberian s Armenianlanguage play Gyank. As much as I like to think Sona and I are alike, [she] is actually braver than I am. To be able to assert that having children for a woman is not an accomplishment is one thing for someone who does not have kids, she says. The role

was also complicated when the audience discovered the faithlessness of Sona, Bedian reveals. I really needed to convey my message delicately and truthfully with my heart and soul to be able to rebalance the scale of judgment. Shortly after the conclusion of the play, the actress made her way to Capitol Hill for Chris Bohjalian s presentation of his new novel, The Sandcastle Girls, to politicians there. Bedian also spoke with the ANCA interns about their individual projects, pertaining to each of their fields. I was truly humbled and quite emotional, and expressed my thanks to them for the immense effort and pride they put into their work. They were very impressive and dedicated, and you could see in their eyes that this was not just another internship program for them. It is one thing to root for Hai Tahd, but it s another to actually

work for the cause. For most us who cannot throw ourselves into a full-time mode of working towards our just cause, we need to support the ANCA as much as possible, as soon as possible, she says. During Bohjalian s speech, the packed Congressional room showed images of Anjar on the screen, and of Armenian skulls recovered from the Der Zor desert. Bedian found herself moved to tears. No matter how many images I have seen from the genocide, the pain that surfaces is as raw and fresh as the first one I ever saw. As for future movie roles, the actress assures readers that there are a few projects coming along, with some hopefully in Canada. But, she says, it s usually a bad omen to talk about it until the ink is dry, so mum s the word. (Armenian Weekly)

Forrest Gump Goes to Beirut are accustomed to studying physics and chemistry in Arabic, he answered. We teach those subjects here in French, so that has been a struggle for them. I told him I had meant, how are they doing emotionally? How are they coping with the trauma of upheaval and civil war? He nodded gravely and said, The ones who have both of their parents with them are doing better than those whose fathers are still in Aleppo, or whose mothers and fathers are both still in Aleppo. There was my visit to the Levon and Sofia Hagopian Armenian College another high school, actually in Bourj Hammoud. Friends of mine in the United States had told me that even though the Armenian students in Beirut might speak English, it was unlikely they would understand the nuances of my presentation. Not true. The very first question? A 16-year-old girl asked me, Has writing this novel been healing for you personally? Emotionally? Two other students had already finished the book by the time I arrived and wanted to discuss the ending with me with all the passion of readers in Los Angeles or Milwaukee or Watertown. There was my afternoon in Anjar with the Lebanese Armenian Heritage Club from the American University of Beirut (AUB). I had spoken at AUB on a Friday night and was planning on making the second pilgrimage of my life to Anjar on Sunday. Franz Werfel s The Forty Days of Musa Dagh is among my very favorite novels, and so I wanted to return to the village where the descendants of the Musa Dagh resistance now live. (For those unfamiliar with the story, in July 1915, roughly 4,000 Armenians from the 6 villages on the mountain refused to be resettled, knowing that resettlement was a euphemism for extermination. From atop Musa Dagh they held off the Turkish army for 53 days, before they were rescued by a part of the French fleet, which saw their red cross distress flag dangling off the Mediterranean Sea side of the cliff.) Three of the AUB students offered to join me, including Razmig Boyadjian, the

great-grandson of one of the martyrs of the mountain. He showed me his greatgrandfather s name on a replica of the canister that once held the man s ashes. Meanwhile, moments before I spoke to some of the citizens of Anjar, we heard shelling, as Syrian opposition forces made a foray into the Bekaa Valley, trying and failing to steal Lebanese Army weapons. And orchestrating my week was Hagop Havatian of Hamazkayin, arguably the hardest-working man in Beirut. Thanks to him, I was also able to bring the story of The Sandcastle Girls and the realities of the Armenian Genocide onto Arabic television and Arabic newspapers, reminding the country of why the Armenian minority today is such an important cultural and economic part of modern Lebanon. The culmination of the trip, of course, was my visit to the cathedral and the Catholicosate in Antelias. The reality is that as a novelist, I meet a lot of extraordinary people. Most novelists do. But my audience with Aram I and the presentation in Gulbenkian Hall was, for me personally, a night for the ages. I am not easily awed, but I was nervous. There are a variety of reasons for this, some grounded in the man s profoundly important stature in the church, and others in the chasmlike gaps in my own religious training. Although my Armenian grandparents went to an Armenian church, my parents usually attended Episcopal churches in the New York City suburbs. Today I live next door (literally, right next door) to a Baptist church in Vermont, and have gone there happily for a quarter century. Nevertheless, my religious training has a long history of eccentricity. Exhibit A? Most of my training for confirmation when I was a 12-year-old at Trinity Episcopal Church in Stamford, Conn., revolved around Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber s rock opera, Jesus Christ Superstar. To this day, I still know an embarrassing amount of the libretto. In any case, the idea that I was going to

meet His Holiness certainly got my attention when I received the invitation back in September. I learned key phrases in Armenian and I drove my friend Khatchig Mouradian, the editor of this newspaper, a little crazy with my obsessive-compulsive insistence on practicing precisely how much I should bow when I met Aram I. And I asked Hagop Havatian to share with me which of His Holiness s books I should read prior to our meeting. I did considerably more homework than before I had been confirmed three and a half decades earlier. And yet, in hindsight, none of it was necessary. I never had to impress anyone because, pure and simple, everyone was so supportive of my visit. Everyone was appreciative of my attempt with The Sandcastle Girls to bring the story of the Armenian Genocide to readers who could not find Aleppo or Der-el-Zor or even the Armenian nation on a map. I remember sitting in Gulbenkian Hall, almost overwhelmed with gratitude, as Arda Ekmekji of Haigazian University was discussing where two of my favorite characters, Nevart and Hatoun, fit into the story and what their journeys in 1915 mean to all of us today. Was this, too, a Forrest Gump-esque moment? Not at all. I had never in my life felt more like I belonged. (The Armenian Weekly) Chris Bohjalian is the author of fifteen books, including the New York Times bestsellers The Night Strangers, Skeletons at the Feast, and The Double Bind. His novel Midwives was a number one New York Times bestseller and a selection of Oprah s Book Club. His work has been translated into more than 25 languages, and three of his novels have become movies (Secrets of Eden, Midwives, and Past the Bleachers). Bohjalian s novel of the Armenian Genocide, The Sandcastle Girls, hit bookstores on July 17.

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by Raffi Bedrosyan

2012 Declaration : A History of Seized Armenian Properties in Istanbul

After two years of painfully detailed re­ search through thousands of documents, the Hrant Dink Foundation in Istanbul has produced a monumental work on the history and present status of the properties that once belonged to the Armenian charitable foundations in Istan­ bul properties that were all seized by the Turkish government during the last few de­ cades. The comprehensive study, some 400 pages long, for the first time compiles a list of the seized properties, illustrating the overall picture and enormity of the plunder suffered by the Armenian schools, orphanages, church­ es, and hospitals in Istanbul that were depen­ dent on the property income for survival. The book s title, 2012 Declaration, is a reference to the Turkish state s 1936 Declaration ordering all minority charitable foundations to list their assets and properties. During the height of the Cyprus crisis in 1975, the state arbitrarily legislated that any properties that were obtained by minority charitable foundations after 1936 through donations, inheritance, wills, and gifts, were deemed illegal, since they had not been listed in the 1936 Declaration. 2012 Declaration makes reference to this illogical legislation and exposes the legalized but un­ lawful seizure, or state robbery, that took place years ago, and the recent small steps taken to undo the gross injustice. The book is not a mere historical document providing an inventory of physical properties, or statistical records and legal statements. Rather, it is a story of enormous human suffer­ ing, ranging from children being thrown out of their schools, to orphans no longer being able to find a home; the most tragic story involves the seizure of a summer camp complex of buildings literally constructed by orphan children (including Hrant Dink himself) by the Turkish state, to be sold to Turkish individuals. The four members of the Hrant Dink Foun­ dation Mehmet Polatel, Nora Mildanoglu, Ozgur Leman Eren, and Mehmet Atilgan sifted through the patriarchate, church, and school archives, government deeds and title records, foundation lawyers personal archives, old maps and surveys, purchase and sale agreements, and Hrant Dink s own research files, to produce this concise history of each charitable foundation, including the location and type of properties gifted to each foundation and then seized by the state, and more than 200 photographs. The most heart-breaking aspect of this historic document are surely the photographs, some of which are reprinted here. The research team s attempts to obtain docu­ ments from government offices, however, were mostly unsuccessful, even though they were equipped with the force of legislation called the Freedom of Information Act; they were told that the 1915-25 era deed and title records of the Armenians are still not open to the public, due to the official paranoia that exists, defined as threats to state security. This article will attempt to summarize the 400-page document and give some striking examples of Istanbul-Armenian history. *** First, some excerpts from book s Introduc­ tion Section: This book is not the story of seized buildings made of stone or cement, but the story of flesh-and-bone human beings. These seized institutions and buildings were the cherished belongings of human beings rich and poor, young and old, men and women, who had worked hard to create or acquire them. These unjustly seized buildings gave life to the schools, churches, orphanages, and retirement homes of the whole community. The social and cultural fabric of the Turkish-Armenians depend­ ed on this economic foundation. It is our wish that similar injustices will not be carried into the future, as people read in this book the documented why and how of the attempts to wipe out the life and culture of our community. The issue is not only the seizure or return of the properties, but understanding this dimension of history and passing it on to future generations. As long as the ancestral people of these lands are marginalized or defined as others, as long as minorities are not seen as equal citizens, the democratization efforts in Turkey will be stunted. It is our wish that this study will con­ tribute to facing history.

The book then lists the Armenian charitable foundations and their assets. There were 53 Armenian charitable foundations in Istanbul, administering 18 schools and orphanages, 48 churches, 2 hospitals, and 20 cemeteries of the Istanbul-Armenian community, supported by the rental revenue and assets that they owned or received through wills and gifts. These foundations owned 1,328 properties, of which 661 were seized by the state for several rea­ sons. The study could not determine the fate of 87 properties. After exhausting all legal means available to get back the seized prop­ erties from the state through the Turkish courts, over the last 10 years some of the foundations have taken their cases to the European Human Rights Court. As they began to win all of their cases, and since the European court decisions were binding on Turkey through European Union accession expectations, the Turkish state recently decided to amend the 1975 legislation related to the foundations (which had enabled their legal but unlawful seizure). With an im­ proved piece of legislation, 143 properties, or about 10.77 percent of the 1,328 properties, have now been returned to the Armenian foun­ dations. The types of seized properties were resi­ dential apartment buildings, residential apart­ ment units, house dwellings, vacant lots, or­ chards, fountains, stores/shops, warehouses, factories, commercial buildings, office buildings, office units, hospitals, workplaces, summer camps, churches, schools, and cemeteries. The owner status of the seized properties are listed as unknown, municipal government, state treasury, public building, vacant, lost deed/title, individually owned, owned by other foundation, or owned by the State General Directorate of Foundations. The process by which the foundation ob­ tained properties is listed as follows: donation, will, purchase, by Ottoman Sultan decree. The process by which the foundation lost properties is listed as follows: seizure by state, made public by state, sale to individuals or corpora­ tions. The book explains some of the stories of seizure in great detail. Some examples are provided below. Mkhitaryan Bomonti School This is the tragic story of a 200-year-old Armenian school that ended up being a tenant in the building it used to own. Nevertheless, it is a story with a happy ending. The Armenian Catholic Venice Mkhitarists founded a boys school in 1830 in the Pera neighborhood. In order to serve the increased student population in better educational facilities, the school foundation decided to move the school to a larger building, and in 1958, pur­ chased the present site at Sisli-Bomonti neigh­ borhood for 710,000 Turkish liras from a woman named Emine Tevfika Ayasli. The school name was changed to the Private Bomonti Armenian Catholic Primary School. In 1979, the State Charitable Foundations Directorate started a court case against the Armenian school; since this school was not listed in the 1936 Declara­ tion, they argued, the purchase of the new school building was illegal. The directorate demanded that the purchase be cancelled and the building returned to the seller, or the heirs of the seller. The court accepted the argument, and in 1988 the Appeal Court turned down the Armenians appeal. The school building deed was turned over to the former owner, who was deceased; as per the directions of her will, it was deeded to her brothers and to the Ankara Ayas Municipality. (It is interesting to note that Ayasli s will was prepared years after the school building was legally sold to the Armenian school foundation.) The brothers sold their share of the building to a construction company special­ ized in apartment buildings, named Miltas. In 1998, the Ankara Ayas Municipality entered into a tenancy agreement with the school and started charging rent. But the other owner, Miltas, objected to the tenancy agreement and started court proceedings to have the school vacate the building. In February 1999, Miltas won the case, and the same day the school s contents (including students desks, library shelves and books, kindergarden toys and the

school piano) were moved outside into the school yard. Faced with an incredible situation of suddenly having no school in the middle of the winter, the Armenian parents, in an excep­ tional fashion, resorted to civil disobedience, and start camping out in the school yard. The public outcry forced the mayor of the Istanbul Sisli Municipality to intervene, and he arranged to buy the shares of Miltas, the construction company. He also struck an agreement with the Ayas Municipality to have the school con­ tinue to function by paying rent to the Ayas Municipality. Naturally, the school lost most of its students after these disturbances and the student population dropped to 35. Meanwhile, the school foundation went to court to re-claim the building. In November 2012, two days before the publication of this book, the court case ended with victory for the Armenian school and now, the deeds have finally been returned to the Armenian foundation and the school has stopped paying rent. Tu z l a A r m e n i a n C h i l d r e n s C a m p In the 1950 s, the Armenian Protestant Church in the Gedikpasa neighborhood of Istanbul served as the arrival point for many poor and homeless Armenian orphans, espe­ cially from Anatolian settlements. These chil­ dren, numbering in the 60s, received their education at the Gedikpasa Armenian Protes­ tant School in the winter under tolerable con­ ditions, but had nowhere to go during the sum­ mers. The church foundation decided to purchase a vacant treed lot near the Marmara Sea in the Tuzla municipality for a summer camp for these children. In October 1962, the purchase was completed from an individual named Sait Durmaz, and registered in the church title, according to all applicable legal procedures. From then on, every summer, the children, aged 8-12, were given the task of building camp buildings, supervised by a builder named Tuzlali Hasan Kalfa. The children first erected the poles and the canvas tents they would live in during construction. Then they dug a water well, taking turns pumping the water needed for construction. Then the foun­ dations were prepared. Since the sea was only 500 meters away, they carried all the sand and gravel from the beach by wheelbarrows. Slowly but surely, over three summers, the vacant land was transformed into a summer camp complex with buildings, dormitories, dining halls, play areas, a soccer field, pond, and gym. The children stocked the pond with frogs and ducks. Armenian boys and girls learned how to talk, sing, play, cook, and clean together in Armenian. Hrant Dink was one of those boys; his wife Rakel was one of those girls. Happy days came to an end when the State Charitable Foundations Directorate ap­ plied to the courts in February 1979, to reverse the purchase agreement and have the property returned to its previous owner, arguing that the Gedikpasa Church Foundation had no right to purchase the property. After four years of trials, the court cancelled the summer camp deed and returned the property to its former owner, Sait Durmaz, including the extraordinary facil­ ities that the children had constructed. The camp, imprinted in the memory of 1,500 Arme­ nian children, became abandoned, with rusting bed frames, broken windows, and overgrown weeds. In 1987, the Appeal Court approved the previous court decision. The owner sold the camp to new purchasers, who in turn sold it again. Several court applications by the Armenian foundation in the 2000 s, and most recently in August 2011, were all turned down. One of Hrant s last articles titled Humanity, I take you to court! was a solemn cry in the face of this gross injustice. Kalfayan Orphanage In 1865, a cholera epidemic in Istanbul left many children behind as poor orphans. An Armenian nun named Srpuhi Nshan Kalfayan decided to care of 17 orphan girls, aged 2-10, at her home. She also started teaching them handcrafts and sewing. These personal efforts led to the founding of one of the most important Armenian educational institutions in Istanbul, the Kalfayan Orphanage School. The orphan­ age survived until the late 1960 s, when the

school building was expropriated without com­ pensation and demolished, in order to build the expressways leading to the Bosphorus Bridge crossing between Europe and Asia. The foundation owned a large parcel of land where it planned to transfer the orphanage school. The State Charitable Foundations Directorate argued that since this land was not registered in the 1936 Declaration, building a new orphan­ age there could not be allowed, and that the orphans and their teachers should be redistrib­ uted to other orphanages. Repeated applica­ tions did not yield any results and 150 people, the combined total of orphans and staff, spent the next 30 years in various dilapidated build­ ings, until a new arrangement was made in 1999 to share the school building of the Se­ merciyan School in Uskudar. *** In a previous article in the Armenian Week­ ly, dated Aug. 31, 2011, and titled, Special Report: What is Turkey Returning to the Arme­ nians? I referred to another significant state seizure of Armenian properties. The Surp Agop Cemetery lands, which was decreed by Otto­ man Sultan Suleiman to the Armenian commu­ nity in 1550 as a reward to his Armenian cook, Manuk Karaseferyan of Van, who had uncov­ ered a plot to poison the emperor by German spies during the siege of Budapest. The cem­ etery was used for 400 years until the 1930 s, when the Istanbul municipality expropriated the lands after years of legal wrangling. At present, these lands, which have become one of the most valuable and fashionable districts of Istanbul, are occupied by the State Radio and Television Headquarters, the Turkish Armed Forces Istanbul Headquarters, the Military Museum, many expensive hotels such as Hilton, Regency Hyatt, Divan, and several apartment and office buildings, as well as the expansive Taksim Park, which has some walkways made from marble of the Armenian tombstones. The 2012 Declaration book documents the Armenian properties lost in Istanbul, mainly during the 1970 s, with the illogical but legal argument that if the charitable foundations had obtained properties after 1936, they would be deemed illegal because they had not been included in the 1936 Declaration. But the extent of this gross injustice would pale in comparison when we consider the amount of seized or lost Armenian properties after 1915, not only in Istanbul, but all over Anatolia, especially in historic Armenia. To illustrate the sheer enormity of the loss, consider these numbers: There were more than 4000 Armenian churches and schools in Anatolia, each with its own land, each with its own income generating additional lands, properties, and assets. The recently reconstructed Surp Giragos Church in Diyarba­ kir had over 200 separate deeds and titles to different properties such as shops, houses, farms, and orchards, which were taken over by the government and private individuals, erecting apartment buildings, office buildings, state schools, shops and houses, even a high­ way. Thankfully, the process to take these properties back has already started in Diyarba­ kir. The above-mentioned figures are only for Armenian churches and schools, that is, com­ munity owned buildings. Add to those numbers the properties owned by private Armenian individuals, such as houses, shops, farms, orchards, factories, warehouses, mines, and so on, and it becomes quite difficult to grasp the enormity of this wealth transfer. No wonder there is resistance in facing history or acknowledging the facts.

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γñ· àõ γÝáÝáí àõï»Éáõ гٳñ ²Ñ³õ³ëÇÏ áñáß ù³ÛÉ»ñ, ë³ÝÓ»Éáõ ϳ٠ϳÝË»Éáõ ѳٳñ Û³õ»É»³É Ï ß Ç é ù Ç Ïáõï³ÏáõÙÁ: ÚÇß»ó¿¯ù, ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ïûÝ³Ï³Ý ûñ»ñáõ ë»ÙÇÝ, ÇÝùݳµ»ñ³µ³ñ ß³ï ³õ»ÉÇ Ñ³Ï³Ù¿ï »Ýù Ù»ñ ³ËáñųÏÝ»ñáõÝ ³½³ï ÃéÇãù ï³Éáõ ƱÝã ÁÝ»É. Ä³Ù³Ý³Ï ×ß¹»ó¿ù Ó»ñ ÅáõÙ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: Æï¿³É³Ï³Ý ÏÁ ѳٳñáõÇ ùë³Ý í³ÛñÏ»³Ý ųٳݳÏÁª áõï»Éáõ ѳٳñ: Ò»ñ áõï»ÉÇùÇÝ ù³Ý³ÏÁ ×ß¹»ó¿ù áõ ³å³ ųٳݳÏÁ áñáß»ó¿ù Û³ïáõÏ Å³Ù³óáÛóáí ÙÁ: ä³ï³éÝ»ñÁ ɳõ ͳٻó¿ù: ²Ûëå¿ë, ųٳݳÏÁ ϯû·Ý¿, áñ ɳõ ³Õ³ù ³Û¹ å³ï³éÁª ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï áõÕ»ÕÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ Ïßï³Ý³Éáõ Ññ³Ñ³Ý·Á ÏÁ ѳëÝÇ »õ ÏÁ ¹³¹ñ»óÝ¿ù áõï»Éáõ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ: ²ñ³· áõï»Éáõ å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ, ÙÇÝã»õ ³Û¹ Ññ³Ñ³Ý·ÇÝ áõÕ»Õ Ñ³ëÝÇÉÁ, ³ñ¹¿Ý »ÝÃ³Ï³Ý ß³ï ³õ»ÉÇÝ Ï»ñ³Í åÇïÇ ÁÉɳÛ: ¿ ³Ûë Ù¿ÏÁ: úñ³Ï³Ý Ù¿Ï Å³Ù ³õ»ÉÇ ùݳݳÉáíª ï³ñ»Ï³Ý 14 ÷³áõÝï Ïñݳù ÏáñëÝóÝ»É: ÀÝÃñÇùÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ù¿Ï µ³Ýç³ñ»Õ¿ÝÇ ÷á˳ñ¿Ý, »ñ»ù ï³ñµ»ñ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñáí ÑÇõñ³ëÇñáõ»ó¿ù: ÎßÇéù ÏáñëÝóÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ÏÁ ÝϳïáõÇ ³é³ï åïáõÕ »õ µ³Ýç³ñ»Õ¿Ý áõï»ÉÁ: êÝݹ³Ï³ÝáÝÇ µ³Õ³¹ñ»³ÉÝ»ñ¿Ý ³ÝáÝù, áñáÝù µ³ñÓñ ù³Ý³Ïáí µÝ³Ã»É áõ çáõñ ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϻÝ, ³õ»ÉÇ Ýáõ³½ ç»ñÙáõÅ ÏÁ ѳÛóÛÃ»Ý Ù³ñÙÇÝÇÝ: ºÃ¿ »÷³Í åÇïÇ áõï¿ù, ß³ï ûûõ ÇõÕáí å³ïñ³ëï»ó¿ù Ó»ñ áõï»ÉÇùÁ, ³å³ íñ³Ý ³õ»Éóáõó¿ù ѳٻÙÝ»ñ »õ ÉÇÙáÝÇ ÑÇõÃ: ²åáõñÝ»ñ. ß³ï ѳ׻ÉÇ ¿ ÓÙñ³Ý óáõñïÇÝ ³åáõñÝ»ñ û·ï³·áñÍ»ÉÁ: î³Ï³õÇÝ, ³õ»ÉÇ Ñ³×»ÉÇ ¿ ÇٳݳÉ, áñ ³Û¹ ³åáõñÁ ÏÁ Ýå³ëï¿ ÏßÇéùÇ Ýáõ³½»óÙ³Ý: ²é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ, µ³Ýç³ñ»Õ¿Ýáí ³åáõñ ÙÁ áõï»Éáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ³õ»ÉÇ ¹³Ý¹³Õ å¿ïù ¿ áõï¿ù. ѳݹ³ñï áõï»ÉÁ å³ï׳é ÏÁ ¹³éݳÛ, áñ ³ËáñųÏÁ Ýáõ³½Ç: Êáõë³÷»ó¿ù óÝÓñ »õ ÇõÕáï ³åáõñÝ»ñ¿Ý, áñáÝù µ³õ³Ï³Ý ç»ñÙáõÅ

ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϻÝ: ܳËÁÝïñ»ó¿ù Ó³õ³ñÁ, ·³ñÇÝ, í³ñë³ÏÁ »õ ³ÛÉ ³ÙµáÕç³Ï³Ý µÝ³Ã»Éáí ѳñáõëï Ùáõà ·áÛÝÇ Áݹ»Õ¿ÝÝ»ñ, ù³Ý µ³ó ·áÛÝÇ Ñ³ó³Ñ³ïÇÏÝ»ñÁ: ²ÛÝ Ñ³·áõëïÁ, ß³åÇÏÁ ϳ٠ﳵ³ïÁ, áñ å½ïÇÏ Ï³Ù Ý»Õ ¿ Ó»ñ íñ³Û, Ù¿Ï ÏáÕ٠ϳ˻ó¿ù, áñ ³Ù¿Ý ûñ ï»ëÝ¿ù ½³ÛÝ: ²Û¹ Ù¿ÏÁ Ó»õáí ÙÁ ËÃ³Ý åÇïÇ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³Ý³Û Ó»½Ç, áñ ³õ»ÉÇ Ë³Ý¹³í³éáõû³Ùµ ϳéãÇù ³Û¹ Íñ³·ÇñÇÝ, ϳ٠³õ»ÉÇ Ñ³õ³ï³ñÇÙ ÁÉɳù Ó»ñ ³é³Í Û³ÝÓݳéáõû³Ý: ä¿ÛùÁÝÁ Ñ»é³óáõó¿ù Ó»ñ ׳߳óáõó³Ï¿Ý: ºñÏáõ ß»ñïÝ ³Ý·³Ù ÏñÝ³Û Ù»Í µ³Ý Ýß³Ý³Ï»É ëÝݹ³Ï³ÝáÝÇ Ó»ñ óáõó³ÏÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²Ûë å³ñ½ áõ ûûõ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ÏñÝ³Û 100 ç»ñÙáõÅ ËÉ»É, Ñ»ï»õ³µ³ñ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý 10 ÷³áõÝï ÏáñëÝóÝ»Éáõ ³éÇà ¹³éݳÉ: ºÃ¿ ÷Çóó³ ëÇñáÕ ¿ù, ݳËÁÝïñ»ó¿ù µ³Ýç³ñ»Õ¿Ýáí å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í ß»ñï ÙÁ ù³Ý ÇõÕáï ÙÇëáí å³ïñ³ëïáõ³ÍÁ: ä³ÝÇñÁ ÃáÕ ÁÉÉ³Û Ýáõ³½ ÇõÕáï »õ µ³ñ³Ï ËÙáñáí µ³óáõ³Í: ܳËÁÝïñ»ó¿ù å³ñ½ çáõñ ËÙ»ÉÁ. ³Ýáñ Ù¿ç ùÇã ÙÁ ÏÇïñáÝ ¹ñ¿ù »õ ³Ý³ÝáõËÇ ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï»ñ»õÝ»ñ, áñå¿ë½Ç ѳ׻ÉÇ Ñ³Ù ëï³Ý³Û: ºñϳñ »õ µ³ñ³Ï ·³õ³ÃÝ»ñ ÁÝïñ»ó¿ù, ѳëï áõ É»óáõÝ µ³Å³ÏÝ»ñáõ ÷á˳ñ¿Ý: Ðá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÇÙ³ëïáí »ñϳñ, µ³ñ³Ï µ³Å³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ùÇã ÏÁ É»óÝ¿ù ÇëÏ Ï³ñ× áõ É»óáõÝ µ³Å³ÏÁ ß³ï ÏÁ É»óÝ¿ùª ÇÝùݳµ»ñ³µ³ñ: ²ÉùáÉÁ ß³ï ç»ñÙáõÅ ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϿ, ÇëÏ ³ÉùáÉÇÝ Ñ»ï Ï°û·ï³·áñÍ»Ýù ãÇ÷ë»ñ, åÇëï³Ï»Õ¿Ý, áñáÝù ß³ï µ³ñÓñ ç»ñÙáõÅ ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϻÝ: γݳã Ã¿Û û·ï³·áñÍ»ó¿ù. ³ÝÇϳ Ï°û·Ý¿ ÏßÇéù ϳ٠÷³áõÝï»ñ ÏáñëÝóÝ»Éáõ, »õ Ù³ñÙÇÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ç»ñÙáõÅ ëå³é»Éáõ Ù»ù³ÝǽÙÁ ÏÁ ½ûñ³óÝ¿ ϳ٠ϯ³ßËáõųóÝ¿: (²ëå³ñ¿½)

¶ñ³õáõ³Í Âáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ ´³Õ³¹ñáõÃÇõÝ 1 ùÇÉá Ïñ³Ù ÝáõÇÏ µ³Ýç³ñ* 1 ·³õ³Ã Í»Í³Í 2 ëáË 2 å×»Õ ëËïáñ 2 ³åáõñÇ ¹·³É ϳñ³· 2 ³åáõñÇ ¹·³É ³ÉÇõñ 2 ³åáõñÇ ¹·³É ³Õïáñ 1-³Ï³Ý ÿÛÇ ¹·³É ϳñÙÇñ »õ ë»õ åÕå»Õ ³Õ

ä³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝ Ê³ß»É Í»Í³ÍÁ, ³õ»ÉóÝ»É Ù³Ýñáõ³Í µ³Ýç³ñÝ áõ ѳٻÙáõÝùÁ »õ »÷»É: ºñµ ³åáõñÝ ³ñ¹¿Ý å³ïñ³ëï ¿,ϳñ³·Ç Ù¿ç ï³åÏ»É Ù³Ýñáõ³Í ëáËÝ áõ ëËïáñÁ, ˳éÝ»É ³ÉÇõñÁ, µáí»É, ³å³ É»óÝ»É íñ³Ý, »÷»É »õë 5 í³ÛñÏ»³Ý: *ÜáõÇÏÁ ÷á˳ñÇÝ»É ßáÙÇÝáí ϳ٠µ³Ýç³ñáí:

Ð³Û ú·Ýáõû³Ý ØÇáõû³Ý ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ §èáõµÇݳ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ Î³Ý³Ýó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñ ÎÇñ³ÏÇ Ø³ñï 3, 2013 Î. ². ųÙÁ 11-ÇÝ Prince Hotel-Ç Ù¿ç §èáõµÇݳ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ í»ñ³Ï³½Ùáõû³Ý 50-²Ù»³Ï Þ³µ³Ã ²åñÇÉ 6, 2013 Î.º. ųÙÁ 7-ÇÝ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ Ù¿ç

ÚàôÜàô²ð 2013 À. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 87

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àõñÏ¿± ºÏ³Í ¾ γճݹ ´³éÁ §¼Ç±Ýã ¿ γճݹ »õ γճݹÇϳ: γճݹ ³Ùë³Ùáõï¿, ÇëÏ Î³Õ³Ý¹Çϳ ݳ˳ëϽµÝ³Ï ûñ ï³ñõáÛݦ ·ñ³Í ¿ ²Ý³Ýdz ÞÇñ³Ï³óÇÝ` Çñ §îÇ»½»ñ³·ÇïáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ïáÙ³ñ¦ ·ÇñùÇÝ Ù¿ç: §Î³Õ³Ý¹¦ µ³éÁ ͳ·³Í ¿ ɳïÇÝ»ñ¿Ý calendae µ³é¿Ý, áñ ѳۻñ¿Ýáí ëï³ó³Í ¿ Üáñ ï³ñáõ³Ý ³é³çÇÝ ûñáõ³Ý Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÇõÝÁ: ²ñ¹³ñ»õ, Üáñ ï³ñÇ Ñ³ëϳóáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï°³ñï³Û³ÛïáõÇ Ý³»õ γճݹ µ³éáí, ³Û¹ ³éÇÃáí Çñ³ñ ßÝáñѳõáñ»Éáõ ëáíáñáõÃÇõÝÁ` ϳÕÁݹ»É, Ýáõ¿ñÁ` ϳÕÁÝã¿ù, ÇëÏ »ñ·»ñÁ` ϳճݹáë µ³é»ñáí: ²Ûë ³éÇÃáí ÛÇß»Ýù ݳ»õ ²Ù³ÝáñÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ³Ýáõ³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÁ` ³Ù³Ýáñ³µ»ñ, ï³ñ»Ùáõï, ï³ñ»·ÉáõË, ï³ñÇÝ ·ÉáõË, ï³ñ»Ýáñ, Ýáñ ï³ñÇ, Ýáñ³µ»ñ, ݳõ³ë³ñ¹ »õ ͳÕÏÁÙáõï:

²Ù³Ýáñ»³Û гó»ñ

²Ù³ÝáñÁ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ïûÝ»ñ¿Ý ³Ù»Ý³ëÇñ»ÉÇÝ »õ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý ï³ñ³Íáõ³ÍÝ ¿: ²Ù³ÝáñÇ å³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ëÏëÇÝ ÍÇë³Ï³Ý ѳóÇ å³ïñ³ëïáõû³Ùµ: ²Ûë ѳóÁ ÏÁ ÏáãáõÇ ï³ñ»Ñ³ó (ݳ»õ` ï³ñÇ, ï³ñÇ Ñ³ó, Ïñϻݿ, ÏñÏ»ÝÇ »õ ³ÛÉÝ®): ØÇÝã»õ ³Ûëûñ ³É г۳ëï³ÝÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý ï³ñ»Ñ³ó ÃË»É: î³ñ»Ñ³óÁ Ï°ÁÉÉ³Û ÏÉáñ ϳ٠Óáõ³Ó»õ, Ù»ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ` Áëï ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ ÃÇõÇÝ: êáíáñáõÃÇõÝ ¿ ï³ñ»Ñ³óÇÝ »ñ»ëÁ ½³ñ¹³ñ»É ë»ñÙ»ñáí »õ ÙÇñ·»ñáí: гóÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ¹Ý»Ý §ÙÇçÇÝù¦` ÉáõµÇ³, ëÇë»é, å½ïÇÏ Ïáñǽ ϳ٠ٻï³Õ»³Û ¹ñ³Ù: ØÇçÇÝùÁ ï³Ý ³Û¹ ï³ñáõ³Ý ѳñëïáõû³Ý »õ µ³Ëï³õáñáõû³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇßÝ ¿, áõï»Éáõ ³ï»Ý, áñáõ áñ µ³ÅÇÝ ÇÛݳÛ, ³Û¹ ³ÝÓÁ ÏÁ ¹³éÝ³Û ï³ñáõ³Ý µ³Ëï³õáñÁ: ²Ù³Ýáñ»³Û ѳó»ñáõ »ñÏñáñ¹ ï»ë³ÏÁ í³ëÇÉ, ³ëÇÝ Ï³Ù µ³ëÇÉ ÏÁ Ïáãáõ¿ñ: ÎÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõ¿ñ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ, ÏÝáç »õ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñáí` ¹¿Ùù»ñáõÝ íñ³Û ã³ÙÇã ½»ï»Õáõ³Í: гóÇ »ññáñ¹ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÁ ÏÉϳÉÁ ϳ٠ë³Ùë³Ý ¿ñ, áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ¿ñ ³Ý³ëáõÝÝ»ñáõ, ùë³ÏÇ, »ñÏñ³·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇùÝ»ñáõ, Ù³½Ç ÑÇõëùÇ »õ ³ÛÉ å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñáí:

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¶Ç￱Çù ÿ ³ÕÙ³Ý »õ ¹Ç³Ï³½ÝÙ³Ý Í³Ëë»ñÁ ·ñ»Ã¿ ÝáÛÝÝ »Ý »õ ϳ˻³Éª ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ÁÝïñáõûݿÝ

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