TorontoHye Newspaper Volume 7, #8-79 - May 2012

Armen Krikorian Sales Representative

1

I N T E R N AT I O N A L

Direct: 416-885-8345 akrikorian@trebnet.com www.armenhomes.com

Volume 7, No. 8 (79), May 2012 APPRAISING, LISTING & NEGOTIATING Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper REALTY EXECUTIVES EXPERTS INC.

¾. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 8 (79), سÛÇë 2012 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ

Brokerage, Independently Owned and Operated

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ܳ˳·³Ñ³Ï³Ý »ñÏáõ ûÏݳÍáõÝ»ñÝ ³Éª ÜÇùáɳ ê³ñùá½Ç »õ üñ³Ýëáõ³ ÐáɳÝï, Ý»ñÏ³Û »Õ³Ý ö³ñÇ½Ç ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ Ûáõß³ñÓ³ÝÇÝ ³éç»õ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í á·»ÏáãÙ³Ý: ²ÝáÝù í»ñ³Ñ³ëï³ï»óÇÝ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÅËï»Éáõ ѳٳñ ùñ¿³Ï³Ý å³ïÇÅ ë³ÑÙ³ÝáÕ ûñ¿ÝùÇ ÁݹáõÝÙ³Ý Çñ»Ýó Û³ÝÓݳéáõÃÇõÝÁ.

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Paris

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Nicosia

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Greece

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Istanbul

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Los Angeles

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Brussels

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ѳßï»óÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ ÏñÝ³Û Û³çáÕÇÉ ÙdzÛÝ ³ÛÝ å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ, »ñµ Âáõñùdz ÏÿÁݹáõÝÇ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ×ßÙ³ñïáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ í»ñç Ïáõ ï³Û áõñ³óÙ³Ý Çñ ù³ñá½ãáõû³Ý: Ú³çáñ¹³µ³ñ Ëûëù ³éÇÝ Ý³»õ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ îáùÃ. гñÁÉï ²Éåñ¿ËÃ, êÿý³Ý îÇáÝ, àõ¿ÛÝ àõ³ÃëÁÝ, Öû î³ÝÇ¿É, ²É»ùë³Ýïñ äáõÉ¿ñÇë, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ áõùñ³Ý³óÇ »õ åáÝï³óÇ Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ïáã áõÕÕ»óÇÝ ²Ý·³ñ³ÛÇ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ ÁݹáõÝÇÉ Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÇñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ: üñ³Ýë»ñ¿Ýáí Ëûëù ³é³õ üñ³Ýë³ÛÇ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ö³ñÇ½Ç ·ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ ïÝûñ¿Ý Ðñ³ã ì³ñųå»ï»³Ý, áñ Û³ÛïÝ»ó, ÿ ѳϳé³Ï Ãñù³Ï³Ý »ñϳñ³Ù»³Û áõñ³óÙ³Ý ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý, Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç Ýáñ ë»ñáõݹÁ í×é³Í ¿ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É å³Ñ³Ýç³ïÇñ³Ï³Ý Çñ å³Ûù³ñÁ, ÙÇÝã»õ áñ ²Ý·³ñ³ ÇëÏ³Ï³Ý Çñ³õ³ïÇñáç í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ¿ ѳÛáõÃ»Ý¿Ý ËÉáõ³Í Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Å³é³Ý·Á: Ê³Å³Ï ²ñù. Ú³Ïáµ»³ÝÇ ³é³çÝáñ¹áõû³Ùµ, Ý»ñÏ³Û µ³½ÙáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳï³ñ»ó î¿ñáõÝ³Ï³Ý ³ÕûÃùÁ: ²å³, 1000 ѳÛáñ¹ÇÝ»ñ áõÕÕáõ»ó³Ý ¹¿åÇ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý³ïáõÝ,

RBC Royal Bank

Khoren Mardoyan Mobile Mortgage Specialist Royal Bank of Canada Tel: 647-980-9449 Fax: 416-289-0352

When it comes to your mortgage, it is important to make sure you get the home you really want with flexible financing solutions that are right for you.

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áõñ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ µáÕáùÇ óáÛó, áñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ÐÚ¸ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ÙÇáõû³Ý (¶ºØ) ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ùµ, »ñ·áí, ³ëÙáõÝùáí »õ óï»ñ³Ï³Ý ϻݹ³ÝÇ å³ïÏ»ñáí ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ·»Õ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ý Û³Ûï³·Çñ, áñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ èáõµ¿Ý Ö³Ýå³½»³Ý ÷á˳Ýó»ó ÐÚ¸ ¶ºØ-Ç ËûëùÁ, ÇëÏ ÐÚ¸ §²ñÙ¿Ý ¶³ñû¦ àõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ÙÇáõû³Ý ³ÝáõÝáí »ÉáÛà áõÝ»ó³õ ¸³ÝÇ¿É úѳݻ³Ý: Ê³Å³Ï ²ñù. Ú³Ïáµ»³ÝÇ å³ï·³Ùáí í»ñç ·ï³õ µáÕáùÇ óáÛóÁ: Üß»Ýù, áñ ³é³õûﻳÝ, г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ¹»ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝ ³Ûó»É»óÇÝ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ »õ ²é³çÝáñ¹ ëñµ³½³ÝÝ»ñ Ê³Å³Ï ²ñù. Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý »õ ´³·ñ³ï ºåë. ¶³Éëï³Ý»³Ý, áñáÝù ¹»ëå³Ý ²ñÙ¿Ý º·³Ý»³ÝÇ »õ ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÇÝ Ñ»ï ÙdzëÇÝ, ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý §Ú³õ»ñÅ³Ï³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³Ý¦ Ûáõß³ñÓ³ÝÇÝ Ùûï ³ÕûÃùáí Ýß»óÇÝ Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ 97-³Ù»³ÏÁ: Üß»Ýù ݳ»õ, áñ ²åñÇÉ 23-ÇÝ, Ãñù³Ï³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý ¹ÇÙ³ó, 50 ¶ºØ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ Ýëï³óáÛó ϳï³ñ»óÇÝ »õ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 100µ³ñÓñ³Ëûëáí ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ýáí ÁÝûñó»- ³Ù»³ÏÇ à·»ÏáãÙ³Ý Ødzó»³É سñóÇÝ í»ñ³åñáÕÝ»ñáõ íϳÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: ÙÇÝ

EXCEPTIONAL REAL ESTATE SERVICE, BROKERAGE*

Sales Representative

Bus: 416-497-9794 Direct: 416-268-7766 Fax: 416-497-5949

www.bedrosianhomes.com rbedrosian@trebnet.com

3107 Sheppard Ave. E. Toronto ON M1T 3

khoren.mardoyan@rbc.com mortgage.rbc.com/khoren.mardoyan

Your new home doesn t come with mortgage advice

I do

I speak English, Russian, Armenian, French

*Each office is independently owned & operated

вÚÎ²Î²Ü òºÔ²êä²ÜàôÂÆôÜ

سÛÇë 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

5

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æ³Ñ»ñáí ºñÃ` ¸¿åÇ ÌÇÍ»éݳϳµ»ñ¹Ç ´³ñÓáõÝù ²åñÇÉ 23-ÇÝ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ ²½³ïáõû³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³Ï¿Ý ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ³õ³Ý¹³Ï³Ý ç³Ñ»ñáí »ñê ¹¿åÇ ÌÇÍ»éݳϳµ»ñ¹Ç µ³ñÓáõÝù` гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 97-³Ù»³ÏÇÝ ³éÇÃáí: Üß»Ýù, ÿ ³Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñ¿Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ѳۻñ ºñ»õ³Ý ÏÁ Å³Ù³Ý»Ý Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³Ûë ç³Ñ»ñÃÇÝ:

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Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan

D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)

¶ñ³ë¿ñÝ»ñáõ ËÙµ³ÏÇ Ñ³õ³ù

Orthodontist

ÜÇõê

²õ»ïÇë ²Ñ³ñáÝ»³Ý

Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161

1866-1948

ÏÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ¿ª î³ÝÇ¿É úѳݻ³ÝÁ

North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018

ÎÇñ³ÏÇ, 6 سÛÇë 2012, Ï¿ëûñ¿ »ïù ųÙÁ 2:30-ÇÝ

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سÛÇë 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

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2012 16 ¾.زÚÆê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

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سÛÇë 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

19

Armenian-Canadians Congratulate Canada s Government and Parliamentarians on Their Stance against Genocide Denial

Armenian-Canadians march towards the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa on April 24. On April 24th, Armenian-Canadians commemorated the 97th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide with its annual noontime Parliament Hill observance and subsequent demonstration in front of the embassy of the Republic of Turkey in Canada. Over 1,000 Armenian-Canadians from across the nation gathered on Parliament Hill to hear Members of Parliament, dignitaries, and community leaders honour the memory of the 1.5 million Armenians who systematically perished at the hands of the Ottoman Turks beginning in 1915. Along with Armenian-Canadians, the observance on Parliament Hill was attended by parliamentarians and national representatives of various ethnic organizations. The Honourable Jason Kenney, P.C., Minister of Citizenship, Immigration, and Multiculturalism conveyed the continued support of the Canadian government in recognizing the truth of the Armenian Genocide. Minister Kenney

also read Prime Minister Stephen Harperÿs statement of recognition, and recalled the Canadian governmentÿs official acceptance of the historical truth of the Armenian Genocide in 2006. The Honourable Bob Rae, Interim Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada expressed his affirmation of the Armenian Genocide, stating that there cannot be any reconciliation without the acceptance of the truth. Other Members of Parliament speaking at the observance included Mr. Harold Albrecht, President of the Canada-Armenia Parliamentary Friendship Group, the Hon. Stéphane Dion, Mr. Wayne Marston, Mr. Joe Daniel, and Mr. Alexandre Boulerice. Representatives of the Pontian Association of Montreal and the Ukrainian Canadian Congress each spoke of the importance of not forgetting past genocides in order to prevent future atrocities. The Honourable David Warner, former speaker of the Ontario Legislative Assembly gave a highly

Dignataries place wreaths in front of the Eternal Flame at the Parliament Hill charged and emotional address against Turkeyÿs denials of responsibility in perpetrating the Genocide of 1.5 million Armenians, emphasizing that national honour can only be regained through recognition. The observance was followed by a planned march, The March Against Genocide Denial toward the Turkish embassy for a peaceful demonstration against Turkeyÿs decades-old campaign of denial. "Todayÿs observance and demonstration are a testament to Armeniansÿ resolve to pursue justice for the horrendous genocide committed by the Turks against the Armenian people," stated Dr. Girair Basmadjian, president of the Armenian National Committee of Canada. "The government of Turkey will never succeed in its constant attempts to rewrite history. The world will never forget. Canadians will never forget. We are fortunate that, in Canada, both Houses of Parliament, the government of Canada, and Prime Minister Stephen Harper have officially recognized the

Armenian Genocide. We commend the efforts of our government and parliamentarians in ensuring that truth and justice prevail." For decades, successive governments of the Republic of Turkey have embarked upon an active campaign of denial, fabrication, and misrepresentation as it attempted, and continues to attempt, to cover-up its crimes against humanity. In its attempts to rewrite history, Turkey has consistently employed some of the worldÿs leading lobbyists and public relations firms, having spent tens of millions of dollars over the years. In Canada, Turkey has in the past retained the services of FleishmanHilliard and other lobbyists. "Armenian-Canadians are asking their government to encourage Turkey to stop its denials and come to terms with its past," stated Dr. Basmadjian. "All Canadians should be proud of their parliamentarians for standing firm against Turkish pressure to change Canadaÿs position regarding the Armenian Genocide."

Statements on Armenian Genocide Statements of Ontario PC Leader Tim Hudak and MP Jim Karygiannis on the 97th at Ontario Legislature On April 24 two Ontario MPPs, Conservative Michael Harris (KitchenerConestoga) and Liberal Helena Jaczek (Oak Ridges -Markham), made a statement at the parliament on the 97th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide.

Mr. Michael Harris: I rise today to mark the 97th anniversary of the Armenian genocide. Beginning on April 24, 1915, the Armenian people were subjected to widespread suffering and loss of life at the hands of the Ottoman Empire. In recent years, the Canadian government officially recognized this tragedy, first in the Senate and then in the House of Commons, where members passed a motion that acknowledged the Armenian genocide of 1915 and condemned it as a crime against humanity. I applaud the Armenian community's efforts to acknowledge their past while working with other Canadians to build a future based on mutual respect. I invite all Canadians to remember the Armenian genocide as we work together to prevent terrible tragedies like this from ever happening again. Ms. Helena Jaczek: Today is a very significant anniversary for many in my riding of Oak Ridges-Markham as well

as across Ontario. Today we reflect on the horrific time endured by over two million Armenians between 1915 and 1917. Ninety-seven years ago today, Armenian civic leaders, intellectuals, doctors, businessmen and artists began to be rounded up and killed. Women and children were loaded onto trains headed for the Syrian Desert or led on forced marches into isolated and deserted lands. Embarking with little food and few supplies, women and children had little hope of survival. Fifty Armenian orphans from the genocide, later known as the Georgetown Boys, arrived in Canada on June 30, 1923, through government support and the donations of ordinary Canadians. It was a unique event in Canadian history, an event commonly referred to as Canada's noble experiment, as it was Canada's first humanitarian act on an international scale. I was grateful to be invited by Mark Atikian, a constituent of mine, through the Armenian National Committee of Toronto, to join Armenian Canadians once again this past Sunday in commemorating the tragedy of the genocide at the Armenian Community Centre in North York. It was a moving and sobering service as we thought of man's inhumanity to man. Let's keep all our friends of Armenian heritage in our thoughts today.

Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide

Statement by Ontario PC Leader Tim Hudak:

This week, Armenian Canadians in Ontario will gather to remember their relatives who were victims of the Armenian Genocide. Beginning in 1915, 1.5 million Armenians were killed after being forced from their homes in the Ottoman Empire. Those who survived resettled around the world, including right here in Ontario. I m proud that Ontario is now home to a strong, thriving Armenian community. Together, all Ontarians must ensure the history of the genocide is not forgotten, and we must never tolerate the hatred that gave rise to such despicable violence. Last year, Ontario PC MPP Frank Klees tabled a motion to officially recognize April 24th as Armenian Genocide Memorial Day in the province. We remain committed to honouring and remembering its victims. On behalf of the Ontario PC Party, I extend my support to our province s Armenian-Canadian community as you observe this solemn occasion.

Statement by Jim Karygiannis, MP (Scarborough-Agincourt):

It is with a deep sense of reverence that I commemorate with you the 97thAnniversary of the Armenian Genocide. Today, we pause to remember this atrocity which was perpetrated by the Ottoman Empire - the execution of 1.5 million Armenians. Members of the Armenian community have keenly felt the horror of this black chapter in the world s history. On this solemn occasion, we pay homage to the victims and express solidarity with

the survivors and their descendants. We stand together as we recognize the first genocide of the 20th Century. On April 21, 2004, the Parliament of Canada voted to recognize the Armenian Genocide. Several of my fellow Parliamentarians and I had pressed Parliament to move in this direction for many years. On April 19, 2006, the Prime Minister affirmed that the Government of Canada officially recognized the Armenian Genocide. I was privileged to lead a Canadian delegation to Armenia on the 90th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. The Canadian delegation joined 1.5 million Armenians from around the world, in laying flowers at the Genocide Memorial s Eternal Flame. Armenians, members of the international Armenian Diaspora and diplomats from around the world sent a powerful message - the atrocities of1915 will never be forgotten. As we reflect, we must re-commit to fervently work to ensure that such unspeakable acts are never repeated. As the descendent of survivors of the Pontian Genocide, I believe it is important for us to remember the lessons of history and uphold the values Canadians hold dear - peace, freedom, democracy and respect. In so doing, we will develop a deeper understanding of our duty and responsibility to our fellow man to ensure that we live in peace and harmony. This is a day we solemnly acknowledge as we work toward a better future for all mankind.

2012 20¾.زÚÆê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

President Obama Issues Statement on Armenian Remembrance Day US president Barack Obama, once again, used euphemistic language to characterize the murder of 1.5 million Armenians in his annual April 24th remembrance day statement, breaking his pledge as Senator and Presidential candidate to properly recognize the Armenian Genocide as President. Obama avoided referring to the destruction of the Armenians in Ottoman Turkey in 1915 as genocide, employing the Armenian term Medz Ye g h e r n instead. "President Obama today completed his surrender to Turkey, shamefully outsourcing U.S. human rights policy to a foreign state, and tightening Ankara's gag on American recognition of the Armenian Genocide," said ANCA Chairman Ken Hachikian. "The President's capitulation to Turkey - on this, the last April 24th of his term - represents the very opposite of the principled and honest change he promised to Armenian Americans and to all the citizens of our nation. President Obama's pledge to recognize the Armenian Genocide stands today as a stark lie, a painful promise etched on the hearts of all who had hoped and worked for change, but who, today, have been betrayed by a politician who failed to live up to his own words." Below is President Obama s statement. Today, we commemorate the Meds Yeghern, one of the worst atrocities of the 20th century. In doing so, we honor the memory of the 1.5 million Armenians who were brutally massacred or marched to their deaths in the waning days of the Ottoman Empire. As we reflect on the unspeakable suffering that took place 97 years ago, we join millions who do

the same across the globe and here in America, where it is solemnly commemorated by our states, institutions, communities, and families. Through our words and our deeds, it is our obligation to keep the flame of memory of those who perished burning bright and to ensure that such dark chapters of history are never repeated. I have consistently stated my own view of what occurred in 1915. My view of that history has not changed. A full, frank, and just acknowledgement of the facts is in all of our interests. Moving forward with the future cannot be done without reckoning with the facts of the past. The United States has done so many times in our own history, and I believe we are stronger for it. Some individuals have already taken this courageous step forward. We applaud those Armenians and Turks who have taken this path, and we hope that many more will choose it, with the support of their governments, as well as mine. Although the lives that were taken can never be returned, the legacy of the Armenian people is one of triumph. Your faith, courage, and strength have enabled you to survive and prosper, establishing vibrant communities around the world. Undaunted, you have preserved your patrimony, passing it from generation to generation. Armenian-Americans have made manifold contributions to the vibrancy of the United States, as well as critical investments in a democratic, peaceful, and prosperous future for Armenia. The United States is proud of your heritage, and your contributions honor the memory of those who senselessly suffered and died nearly a century ago.

US president Barack Obama On this solemn day of remembrance, we stand alongside all Armenians in recalling the darkness of the Meds Yeghern and in committing to bringing a brighter future to the people of Armenia.

Obama s Never Again Speech Ignores Genocide

On the other hand, Obama s April 23rd Never Again speech at the U.S. Holocaust Museum, which took place one day before Armenians and people of good conscience worldwide commemorate the murder of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Turkish Government during the years 1915-1923, ignored mentioning the Armenian Genocide. As Senator and presidential candidate,

French Leaders Vow New Bill Against Armenian Genocide Denial

A combo photo of incumbent president and Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) candidate Nicolas Sarkozy (R) and France's socialist party (PS) candidate François Hollande Emil Danielyan French President Nicolas Sarkozy and his Socialist challenger Francois Hollande have reaffirmed their pledges to draft a new bill criminalizing denial of the Armenian genocide if they win France s presidential elections next month. The two men, who advanced to a run-off ballot after the first round of voting on April 22, joined thousands of French people of Armenian descent in marking the genocide anniversary in a downtown Paris square on April 24 evening. Making separate appearances, they addressed the crowd in front of a statue of Komitas, a prominent Armenian composer and survivor of the 1915 massacres in Ottoman Turkey. Both Hollande and Sarkozy urged Turkey to recognize the slaughter of some 1.5 million Armenians as genocide. They also said that a new bill making it a crime to deny that the massacres constituted genocide would be brought before the French parliament already in June.

In a move that infuriated Turkey, the two houses of the parliament already passed such legislation in December and January. France s Constitutional Council struck it down as unconstitutional in February, however. Hollande, who narrowly defeated Sarkozy in the first round, said he would make sure that the new law is drafted with utmost legal security in order to ensure its approval by the country s highest court. We can no longer commit an imprecision that would again leave us with the impossibility of having the text validated, he said. Sarkozy, who was instrumental in the last s bill passage, made an emphatic case for criminalizing any public denial of crimes against humanity. There are statements that are not opinions, he said. Democracy is not about authorizing anyone to say anything without respecting the victim. This is not what democracy is all about. Disputing a truth like genocide is unacceptable in the territory of the French Republic, he said in a speech videotaped and

posted by his press office on website of the presidential Elysee Palace. Sarkozy also renewed his calls for Turkey to revisit its past and stop denying what many historians consider the first genocide of the 20th century. The entire world has recognized that it was a genocide, he said. Significantly, the French leader spoke out against the idea of Turkish and Armenian historians jointly studying the events of 1915 and determining whether they indeed amounted to genocide. Would anyone have an idea to tell our Jewish compatriots that there needs to be a commission of historians to clarify whether the infamous act of the Holocaust existed in Europe? he argued. That would be offensive, unacceptable and intolerable. The creation of such a body is envisaged by one of the two Turkish-Armenian normalization protocols signed in 2009 and effectively frozen afterwards. President Serzh Sarkisian has been strongly criticized at home and in the worldwide Armenian Diaspora for agreeing to that provision. Analysts believe that Sarkozy engineered the genocide bill s passage and is now promising a fresh effort to criminalize genocide denial in the hope of winning the FrenchArmenian vote. The incumbent president insisted, however, that he was simply stunned by what he saw at the Armenian genocide memorial in Yerevan during a state visit to Armenia last October. I want to tell all those who haven t made such a trip, who haven t seen what I saw, and who haven t heard what I heard that they cannot understand the memory of this unspeakable pain of all Armenians, he said. Visiting Yerevan, I understood what millions of Armenians feel when thinking about that genocide because I could imagine each of them putting themselves in the place of their grandparents and ancestors and wondered how I myself would have reacted, added Sarkozy.

President Obama consistently and repeatedly urged former President Bush to properly characterize the Armenian Genocide, and pledged, as President, to recognize that crime. In a January, 2008, statement, then Senator Obama clearly stated, as President, I will recognize the Armenian Genocide. Forty-two U.S. states and over 20 countries have properly recognized the Armenian Genocide. Former U.S. President Ronald Reagan acknowledged the crime as genocide in 1981. The U.S. House adopted Armenian Genocide legislation in 1975 and 1984 and included reference to the crime in House adopted amendments in 1996 and 2005. More recently, the House Foreign Affairs Committee has passed Armenian Genocide legislation in 2007 and 2010.

Israeli Minister Makes Rare Trip To Armenia

Israel s Agriculture Minister Orit Noked lays a wreath at the Armenian Genocide Memorial in Yerevan, on April 16.

(RFE/RL)- Israel s Agriculture Minister Orit Noked laid a wreath at the Armenian Genocide Memorial in Yerevan on April 23 during what was a rare visit to Armenia by an Israeli cabinet member. Noked arrived in Yerevan to discuss ways of promoting cooperation between the agricultural sectors of the two countries. Prime Minister Tigran Sarkisian and Agriculture Minister Sergo Karapetian told her that the Armenian government would like to look into Israel s successful experience in agricultural development. We are ready to share our experience, a government statement quoted Noked as saying at a meeting with Sarkisian. I am confident that we can successfully work together and implement various joint projects. Your visit to Armenian can be viewed as a new step towards developing Armenian-Israeli relations, the Armenian premier said for his pa r t . We a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n t h a t . The Israeli minister met Sarkisian after visiting the Tsitsernakabert memorial and the adjacent Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute. As a woman, as a Jew and as a human being, I am shocked to see pictures of the killing of innocent Armenian people and families, she wrote in the museum guestbook. We are similar peoples in terms of history, see page 29

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The speech Obama should give at the Holocaust Museum

by Rafael Medoff

President Barack Obama is scheduled to speak at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington on April 23. Here s what I would like to hear him say: Nineteen years ago this week, my predecessor, president Bill Clinton, stood on this very spot and recalled that even after the American government knew that the Holocaust was taking place, doors to liberty were shut and rail lines to the [death] camps within miles of militarily significant targets were left undisturbed. President Clinton was deeply troubled by our nation s complicity in the tragedy, and I am confident he would agree that we must learn from the mistakes that were made then. One major mistake was our government s hesitancy to acknowledge, loudly and clearly, that the Jews were being singled out for mass annihilation. During my years in the United States Senate, I said the US should publicly recognize that Turkey perpetrated genocide against the Armenians. Presidents, of course, face a unique array of pressures and considerations, and during my first years in office, I chose to use the Armenian term Meds Yeghem, rather than genocide, out of sensitivity to Turkey s objections. But failing to acknowledge genocide paves the way for future genocides. I cannot be a party to that. From now on, I will not hesitate to state clearly that what the Armenians suffered was genocide. Another major mistake during the Holocaust was our government s reluctance to take even minimal steps to rescue Jewish refugees. During the 2008 presidential campaign, I pledged that when it came to the genocide in the Darfur region of Sudan, America would not allow mass murder to take place on my watch. There must be real pressure placed on the Sudanese government, I said. But as president, I have often preferred to heed the advice of my more cautious advisers

US Holocaust Museum in Washington DC. enables the Iranians to complete construction of atomic weapons. Israel s concerns are valid. And so today, I want to make it clear to Tehran that the round of talks which is now under way will be the last round. These talks must succeed within 30 days, or we will conclude that Iran was never is not serious about a negotiated solution. And we and our allies will act accordingly. I want to conclude my remarks by announcing a symbolic step that I will be taking, today, to reaffirm America s commitment to preventing genocide. Jonathan Pollard has been incarcerated for the past 27 years for providing Israel with classified data that, among other things, revealed attempts by certain extremist regimes to develop weapons with which to destroy Israel. I am in no way condoning Mr. Pollard s actions when I

acknowledge that he was motivated by a desire to prevent a second Holocaust. As a small symbol of my administration s own commitment to preventing another genocidal assault on the Jewish people, I have today granted clemency to Mr. Pollard. Speaking out against genocide, interrupting mass murder, apprehending the perpetrators, preventing the development of weapons of genocide these must be the hallmarks of American policy around the world in the 21st century. The writer is founding director of The David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies and coauthor, with Prof. Sonja Schoepf Wentling, of the new book Herbert Hoover and the Jews: The Origins of the Jewish Vote and Bipartisan Support for Israel.

We Are Surrendering Ourselves to Genocide

Today is April 24. Again, as happens every year, the 70 million-person population of Turkey will wonder what others are saying about the Armenian issue. What will Washington say? Which country will accept the Armenian genocide claims? Days will pass in stress, and in the end, we will again forget everything. This process is like a Chinese torture. Especially as 2015 approaches, the pressure will increase. Turkey, as it has done before, will react harshly. It will utter threats, but they will remain ineffective. Do you know why? It is because the Armenians have gotten a significant part of the world to accept their claims of genocide. Turkey s counter-claims were both too late and too weak. We do not need to go far to see this. Just last week, a 1,000-page book on the topic

was sent to my office. It was compiled by the famous German journalist and writer Wolfgang Gust. It includes all of the documentation of activities against the Armenians that were filed in the German Foreign Ministry s archives in 1915 and 1916. These documents include not only those that were sent by German diplomats or mission members in Turkey, but also views and debates from within the German government on the same subject. The book is in Turkish. Its English, German, Spanish and Portuguese versions are already in print. Its message is, Since the Turks won t do it, let us do it. They should see these documents and understand the facts we have. They should be convinced that we are not acting as their enemies, but trying to explain an incident. It has been translated into an

extremely comprehensible and beautiful Turkish by Belge Publishing House. Obviously it has taken years. It is an extremely important and expensive study. Without going into detail, if you read the book and look at the documents, if you are a person who is introduced to the subject through this book, then there is no way that you would not believe in the genocide and justify the Armenians. Even if you are an expert on the subject, or have researched what went on from the Turkish side, again, you will be confused. You will have many questions. In a letter included in the book, the head of the Zoryan Institute in Canada, Greg Sarkissian, says true peace can only be achieved when sources of information about nations pasts are shared and nations can talk openly about the past. He also says that in this

way mutual understanding and dialogue will develop, instead of hate. Now, I want to ask all Turkish officials: In the last 50 years, have you done such a study? Have you researched international sources and -- however biased or one-sided it may be -- have you been able to publish such a book? What kind of a study have you made moving outside our own sources that would convince the international public? Were you limited to or satisfied with using only Turkish archives because you could not find plausible documents or evidence? Let us not deceive each other: If you can give correct answers to these questions, then you will be able to clarify some very key facts for us. I know you will remain silent.

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on this subject. Ideas such as imposing a no-fly zone over Sudan or forcefully challenging Sudan s arms suppliers Russia and China were set aside in order to avoid unpleasant confrontations with Moscow and Beijing. We opted to refrain from trying to bring about the arrest of Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, who has been indicted by the International Criminal Court for his role in the Darfur genocide. We held back from criticizing countries that hosted visits by Bashir, even when those countries were major recipients of US aid. Critics warned that if Bashir remained free, he would continue his murderous ways. We did not listen. We should have. Today, the people of the Nuba mountains are paying a steep price. In that region at the border between Sudan and South Sudan, Bashir s forces are again victimizing innocent men, women, and children. So today, the gloves come off. Today, we say to the world: We want regime change in Sudan. We want Omar al-Bashir behind bars. Our special forces around the globe will be employed, if necessary, to bring him to justice. And those who remember how American commandos apprehended the Achille Lauro hijackers, or Manuel Noriega not to mention how they dealt with Osama bin Laden know we are serious when we say to the Butcher of Darfur: You can run, but you can t hide. An American ally, Israel, is today threatened with genocide. Iran s rulers have vowed to wipe Israel off the map, and they seem determined to build the weapons of mass destruction needed to achieve that goal. I have urged the Israelis to refrain from taking military action against Iranian nuclear facilities so long is there is a chance of stopping Iran s nuclear development through pressure, sanctions, and negotiations. Israel is concerned about the sanctions process dragging on so long that it

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April 24 Commemorated in Istanbul

Hundreds gathered in Taksim Square on April 24 to commemorate the 97th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, reported Today s Zaman. A sit-down gathering organized by the Say No to Racism and Nationalism initiative in Taksim Square was attended by a group of public figures, including wife of murdered journalist Hrant Dink, Rakel Dink; Peace and Democracy Party (BDP) Istanbul deputies S rr Sureyya Onder and Sebahat Tuncel; former Freedom and Solidarity Party (ODP) head Ufuk Uras; journalists Oral Çal lar, Hüseyin Hatemi and Hilal Kaplan as well as other intellectuals. Protesters laid carnations in front of a banner that read, This pain belongs to all of us. Zi an Tokaç, who made a statement on behalf of the protesting group, said Armenians were sent into exile to places where they could not survive, recounting atrocities committed at that time. Uras told reporters that Turkey will face its history and shared pain in building a 21st century democracy. He added that people from all walks of life were present at the sit-in protest. Dink said Armenians had gone through things that she cannot even say aloud and that they are still facing similar problems. Meanwhile, two nationalist groups protested the gathering; however, police didn t allow them to approach the group.

Ankara to Activate Anti-Armenian Campaign In a campaign coordinated by Turkey s deputy prime minister, official Ankara is pushing to organize the million of people in its diaspora in a campaign aimed at countering international recognition of the Armenian Genocide, reported the Hurriyet Daily News. Reportedly, the plan is being penned by Turkey s Deputy Prime Minster Bekir Bozdag who runs a government body called the Overseas Turks Agency, which was established in 2010. We are working on drafting a strategy document on the diaspora. It will respond to our priorities, objectives and working methods. We will also outline our messages through this document, a senior government official told the Hurriyet Daily News over the weekend. Hurriyet reports that in June, representatives of around 500 nongovernmental organizations from mainly European countries and elsewhere will converge in Ankara for conference on legal ways to confront racist and discriminatory attitudes toward Turks. Our objective is to provide our citizens and NGOs information on ways to claim their rights in a conscious and organized manner, the official told Hurriyet. We advise them to remain within the boundaries of the law when they face racist attacks. We tell them to go to the police and make written applications so that these attacks can be addressed in a proper way using

AK Party Founding Member Apologizes for Geno-Deportations

A founding member of Turkey s ruling AK Party called the Armenian genocide a genodeportation and personally apologized in an interview with the Turkish daily newspaper Radikal. Ismet Ucma, a member of Turkey s Grand National Assembly, added: Their pain is our pain. The parliament member noted that although the Committee of Union and Progress was responsible for what happened, he personally apologized for the suffering of the Armenians during what he called the genodeportations.

Ucma said that although violence was indeed employed against the Armenian deportees, what happened to the Armenians was not genocide, but a geno-deportation, the violent deportation of an entire ethnic group, because if the perpetrators wanted to commit genocide, annihilation methods employed by the Spanish and Portuguese in South America, or those employed by the Americans against Native-Americans, or the Germans against the Jews would have been used. The very annihilation methods that Ucma was referring to were indeed employed against the Armenians. Asked about reparations, Ucma said that he finds land demands absurd, although he noted that no one should live is someone else s house. In this context, he said, the government s initiative to return some confiscated property to non-Muslims was a positive step. The Turkish government has promised to return less than 10 percent of properties confiscated since the 30¢'27s from non-Muslim minorities. No properties confiscated during the Armenian genocide have been returned. Kurdish Parliamentarian to Push for Commemoration Day In a more meaningful gesture, and according to reports, Kurdish Parliamentarian Sirri Sureyya Onder is working on bringing a motion declaring April 24 a Day of Mourning and Sharing the Pain of the Armenian victims of 1915. Onder is a member of the pro-Kurdish BDP in Istanbul. He is a filmmaker and a columnist who was elected into parliament in 2011.

Zarakolu Released from Prison Pending Trial

Bekir Bozdag democratic means. However, we need to do more than this. We are encouraging them to adopt dual citizenship and enjoy fullpledged rights, Hurriyet quoted the official as saying. Hurriyet also reported that some 2,000 Turks living abroad will be invited to a meeting in Istanbul which would mark the establishment of what the official called the Turkish diaspora. The plan envisions the inclusion of groups representing what the paper called other diasporas of like-minded countries. The plan envisions a strong alliance with Azerbaijanis living outside of Azerbaijan. To that end, a meeting is being planned to take place on September 15, the when Nuri Pasha, an Ottoman general representing Enver Pasha, one of the architects of the Armenian Genocide, commanded Turkish troops to Baku in 1918 to fight the Russians.

Publisher Ragip Zarakolu was released from prison on April 10 pending trial along with 14 other suspects. He was taken into custody on Oct. 28, 2011, during a large-scale manhunt in Istanbul against Kurdish and human rights activists. An indictment on an alleged umbrella political organization (KCK) that includes the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), was accepted by an Istanbul court last week. The prosecutor is seeking up to 15 years for Zarakolu on charges of aiding a terrorist group, reported Today s Zaman. Zarakolu heads the Belge publishing house, which has published numerous books on the oppression of the national minorities in Turkey and the Armenian Genocide. Zarakolu had said after his arrest that during the raid to his house the police confiscated only few books as evidence of crime and found nothing about his so-called relations with any organization. The confiscated books are: Vol. 2 of Vatansiz Gazeteci (Stateless Journalist) by Dogan Ozguden, chief editor of Info-Turk; Habiba by Ender Ondes; Peace Process by Yuksel Genc; and manuscripts of three books about the Armenian Genocide and Armenian History. On Nov. 2, 2011, Human Rights Watch issued a statement noting that the decision to imprison Zarakolu and others pending their trial on terrorism charges exposes the huge deficiencies of Turkey s criminal justice system. The arrests of Ragip Zarakolu and Busra Ersanli represent a new low in the misuse of terrorism laws to crush freedom of expression and association in Turkey, said Emma SinclairWebb, a Turkey researcher at Human Rights Watch.

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Armenia: Flying the Flag of Facebook for Power to the People - and the Politicians

A new flag is flying proudly these days alongside the Armenian national flag at opposition rallies for Armenia s May 6 parliamentary elections, and it is the flag of Facebook. The USbased social network is proving an increasingly handy tool for shaking up Armenia s ossified election system -- both for exposing abuses and for campaigning -- and political parties and voters alike are eager to claim allegiance. In the last three months, Armenia has seen its number of registered Facebook users increase by nearly 18 percent (to 282,700), according to the international social media databank Socialbakers.com; the second highest increase in the South Caucasus, after Azerbaijan at 27.02 percent. The social network has solved the problem of the information blockade about real life in Armenia that characterized the 2008 parliamentary election commented one youth activist who bore the Facebook banner at a March 30 campaign rally in Yerevan for the Armenian National Congress, Armenia s largest opposition coalition. I brought the Facebook flag to the rally to show the government that now there is a unique, reliable alternative [for information] to be used by everyone, said 24-year-old Areg Gevorgian. Facebook s own reaction to seeing its logo displayed this way at an Armenian political rally is not

known, but used by everyone it is. The ruling Republican Party of Armenia, government coalition member Prosperous Armenia, and the opposition Heritage and Armenian Revolutionary Federation- Parties are the most active political groups on Facebook, said social sciences researcher Laura Baghdasarian, who is working on a study of how Facebook is used in this year s elections. It makes for a unique situation, she continued. Many politicians and parties have registered accounts in Facebook since last fall, said Baghdasarian, director of Yerevan s Region Center for Investigative Journalism. It is interactive, and this is of key importance; through likes, shares and comments, no other tool provides such an opportunity to understand an audience. Or to get information from the source. Arguably, sensations like the Yerevan apartment that somehow managed to accommodate 101 registered voters also are contributing to voter curiosity about the site. Twenty-five-year-old Facebook user Edgar Tamarian posted about the apparently unusually spacious flat after finding it on a list of registered voters on the national police website; all of the supposed voters hailed from Georgia s ethnic Armenian village of Nardevan. The police claimed the entry was a mistake that they had somehow overlooked. For a political culture more alike

to an insiders club, the public notoriety to be gained -- or to impart -- at the click of a mouse is a heady departure from the past. Opposition politicians sound off against government officials on the officials profile pages, while users post information about various partysponsored handouts -- vodka and coffee for a funeral dinner, for instance -- or display photos and videos that they believe show the true face of various political figures. These elections are going to be interesting, commented Samvel Martirosian, an IT expert who works on the election watchdog site iditord.org ( i-observer ), which maps reports of election irregularities filed by site visitors. On the one hand, civil-society networking and reporting are intensifying in Armenia; on the other hand, Armenians have gotten to see how social media was used . . .by movements in Arab countries or for exposing and disseminating information about election fraud in Russia and are eager to try their own hand. Ways of adapting to Facebook s communication ethos of post much, post often vary, however. The Armenian National Congress attributed to youth activists the idea of taking Facebook flags to rallies, but did not comment to E u r a s i a N e t . o r g f u r t h e r. T h e Republican Party of Armenia, for its part, notes simply that having a Facebook presence is a universal

An activist carries a Facebook banner alongside Armenian national flags at a recent rally of the opposition Armenian National Congress party in Yerevan. (PhotoLure) practice. Personal styles are at odds, too. Former Foreign Minister Vartan Oskanian, now a member of Prosperous Armenia, and Heritage Party parliamentary faction leader Stepan Safarian manage their own profiles, while Artur Baghdasarian, head of government coalition member Orinats Yerkir, and Heritage Party Chairperson Raffi Hovannisian appear to delegate these tasks, said researcher Baghdasarian. To what extent the Facebook relations between these groups and their supporters will stay civil remains open to speculation, noted independent media expert Lilit Bleyan, who works on an online TV program for the opposition-inclined

A1+ news site. We have not yet developed a specific culture of Internet communication and this becomes apparent during the pre-election period, she said. Before the Facebook era, [voters] would not perhaps have had a chance to argue over these topics, and would stay friends after [the elections]. But many voters appear willing to take that risk. Twenty-seven-yearold Yerevan economist Haroutiun Minasian said that the power of the Internet makes him feel more confident in the chances for a fair election. I know we can now speak out about problems that no one used to discuss before, he said.

Armenia: Could a Goddess Influence an Election Campaign? To the British Museum, she is probably Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and beauty. To most Armenians, she is Anahit, an ancient Armenian goddess of fertility. Whoever is on the 1st century BC female bronze head with wavy hair and aquiline nose, it may serve as a political prop in Armenia s looming parliamentary election campaign. The bust, housed in the British Museum, is featured on Armenian beauty parlor logos, coins, banknotes and stamps alike. It is better known in Armenia than even the country s state emblem, a recent TV opinion poll indicated. If asked, many Armenians most likely assume that the head, and a companion hand, are in Armenia itself. And, now, Education Minister Armen Ashotian, a leader of the governing Republican Party of Armenia, along with the party s Armenian Youth Foundation (AYF), want to make sure that, one day, they will be. In February, Ashotian and the AYF launched an online campaign to gather petition signatures aimed at having the British Museum turn over to Yerevan ownership of the 1st century BC hand and head. Ashotian disclaims any political motive, saying the timing of the petition drive has nothing to do with the upcoming parliamentary election. It is instead, he says, tied to the arrival of new British envoys, the husband-wife team of Jonathan Aves and Katherine Leach, to Yerevan in January. The parliamentary vote is scheduled for May 6, and the governing coalition, which is dominated by the Republican Party of Armenia, stands to potentially benefit from the publicity surrounding the initiative. It s merely my own initiative as a citizen. Not as a politician, Ashotian told Armenian media outlets. Holding posters of the goddess and chanting Anahit, come home! roughly a hundred young people gathered on March 7 in front of the British Embassy to present Ambassador Leach with a petition of 20,000 signatures. An accompanying letter expressed thanks to the United Kingdom for keeping an eye on the goddess, but asserted that historical justice requires that the statue s head and hand

be repatriated and find refuge in the country of their origin. In response, the British Museum has agreed to a temporary exhibition of Anahit in Armenia, according to the British Embassy. Details are not yet available. Ashotian called the exhibition the first step in what he predicts will be years of consistent work and efforts [that] will result in the permanent return of this highly important relic of ours. Some local experts scoff at the campaign to recover Anahit, characterizing it as a sideshow. Have we run out of all other issues? asked Zhores Khachatrian, a leading expert on Armenian art from the Hellenstic period at the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. It s pointless and . . . populism that failed from the start. The head and hand were found in the 1870s in what is now northeastern Turkey, near the current village of Sadak, an area once believed to have been part of an ancient Armenian kingdom, but also fought over by Persians, Greeks and Romans. Khachatrian cautioned that the Armenian origin of the statute still has to be proven. Persia had a similar goddess, called Anakhita, but Khachatrian believes that it is more possible that it may be the statue of a Roman pagan goddess. The statue was found near the site of a Roman camp inhabited during the same time period as Anahit s supposed creation. Anelka Grigorian, the director of Armenia s State History Museum, expressed similar skepticism about the Anahit initiative. With roughly 5 million visitors per year, according to museum data, the British Museum brings the goddess head and hand far more potential attention than any Armenia-based museum could, she said. Legally, Armenia does not have a leg to stand on for laying claim to Anahit s head and hand, warned Vahan Gasparian, who leads the Ministry of Culture s Agency for the Preservation of Historical-Cultural Heritage. [Anahit] was not illegally exported from our country, nor was it a war trophy, so that the ministry could try to return it with references to international treaties,

Armenian banknotes, commemorative coins, and stamps carry images of the bust and a bust, currently in possession of the British Museum where it is identified as "probably Aphrodite," is believed to be the goddess Anahit, where it appears on banknotes and memorabilia. Gasparian said. It s possible only as an act of good will. Culture Minister Hasmik Poghosian, who is not a Republican Party member, is also lukewarm on the idea. At this moment, what matters more than bringing it back to Armenia is proving its Armenian origin, Poghosian said. She described the existing British Museum description of the head as inadequate. For the governing coalition, the Republican Party of Armenia in particular, the Anahit campaign can potentially serve as a welcome distraction from discussion of more substantive issues, including unemployment. Obviously, it s not the primary issue right now, political analyst Yervand Bozoian, referring to Anahit. Although members of the governing coalition are probably not relishing the need to defend their economic record Bozoian added that he saw no clear sign

that the Anahit initiative was concocted to divert public attention from pressing issues. Armenia s election campaign officially does not begin until April 8. The AYF youth activists who are cosponsoring the campaign cite Egypt as a precedent that buoys their hopes. To our knowledge, Egypt has been able to bring back more than 5,000 items over the past few years; 400 of which were from the British Museum, said AYF spokesperson Lilit Grigoryan. All we are asking for is one item. Grigorian, the state museum director, says she can relate to the youth activists emotional reasoning, but believes the campaign ultimately will fail. Museums are greedy, Grigorian said. The British Museum has bought it and will, naturally, never return it to us, which is quite normal.

2012 ARMENIA 24 ¾.زÚÆê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79 UCLA study identifies genes linked to post-traumatic stress disorder

Study was based on genetic analysis of Spitak earthquake victims. Why do some people experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while others who suffered the same ordeal do not? A new UCLA study may shed light on the answer. UCLA scientists have linked two genes involved in serotonin production to a higher risk of developing PTSD. Published in the April 3 online edition of the Journal of Affective Disorders, the findings suggest that susceptibility to PTSD is inherited, pointing to new ways of screening for and treating the disorder. "People can develop post-traumatic stress disorder after surviving a life-threatening ordeal like war, rape or a natural disaster," said lead author Dr. Armen Goenjian, a research professor of psychiatry at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA. "If confirmed, our findings could eventually lead to new ways to screen people at risk for PTSD and target specific medicines for preventing and treating the disorder." PTSD can arise following child abuse, terrorist attacks, sexual or physical assault, major accidents, natural disasters or exposure to war or combat. Symptoms include flashbacks, feeling emotionally numb or hyper-

alert to danger, and avoiding situations that remind one of the original trauma. Goenjian and his colleagues extracted the DNA of 200 adults from several generations of 12 extended families who suffered PTSD symptoms after surviving the devastating 1988 earthquake in Armenia. In studying the families' genes, the researchers found that persons who possessed specific variants of two genes were more likely to develop PTSD symptoms. Called TPH1 and TPH2, these genes control the production of serotonin, a brain chemical that regulates mood, sleep and alertness all of which are disrupted in PTSD. "We suspect that the gene variants produce less serotonin, predisposing these family members to PTSD after exposure to violence or disaster," Goenjian said. "Our next step will be to try and replicate the findings in a larger, more heterogeneous population." PTSD affects about 7 percent of Americans and has become a pressing health issue for a large percentage of war veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. The UCLA team's discovery could be used to help screen people who may be at risk for developing PTSD. "A diagnostic tool based upon TPH1 and TPH2 could enable military leaders to identify soldiers who are at higher risk of developing PTSD and reassign their combat duties accordingly," Goenjian said. "Our findings may

Dr. Armen Goenjian An Armenian man mourns the death of relatives during Spitak Earthquake. also help scientists uncover alternative treatments for the disorder, such as gene therapy or new drugs that regulate the chemicals responsible for PTSD symptoms." According to Goenjian, pinpointing genes connected with PTSD symptoms will help neuroscientists classify the disorder based on brain biology instead of clinical observation. Psychiatrists currently rely on a trial-and-error approach to identify the best medication for controlling an individual patient's symptoms. Serotonin is the target of the popular antidepressants known as SSRIs, or selective

U.S. Archaeologists Return to Shengavit Preserve, CYSCA Helps with Fundraiser

structure. They then hope to publish a full history of Shengavit.

Excavation work at Shengvit. Above, Shengavit Pottery. Photo/ Mitchell Rothman The Cambridge-Yerevan Sister City Association (CYSCA) is launching a fund raising effort to help support the ongoing research into 4th 2nd millennium B.C. history and culture at the Shengavit archaeological site in Yerevan. Archaeologist Dr. Mitchell Rothman, head of the department of anthropology at Widener University in Pennsylvania, plans on returning to Armenia with a group of American archaeologists and students this summer (2012). There, at the Shengavit Historical and Archaeological Culture Preserve in Yerevan s Shengavit district, his team will continue the work begun last summer. With Armenian colleagues they will work to uncover the story of the ancient society which was present at the site from the 4th millennium B.C. This was before the formation of Armenia and other nations in the region, though many believe the society living there at the time must have played a part in the genesis of the Armenian people.

The Shengavit Site

Excavations at Shengavit reveal at

least 4 layers of civilization during a period extending up to 2,000 years. At the site are foundations for dwellings, some of them round, with hearths, pottery, remains of seeds and animal bones, as well as tombs. A small museum displays some of the artifacts found at the site, with many more artifacts on display at Armenia s State History Museum in the center of Yerevan. Not far from the Shengavit site in Yerevan were found Urartian tombs from a later period. Initially the site was excavated in 1936 by Armenian archaeologists. This was the first site which exhibited what is often called Shengavit culture or Kura-Arax culture. This culture had contacts throughout much of the Middle East, as far as Mesopotamia and Palestine, and to the west as far as Malatia in western Armenia (Anatolia). But there are still many questions which archaeologists and historians would like to answer. The U.S. archaeologists, working with Armenian colleagues, want to establish a more precise chronology for the site using advanced dating techniques and to evaluate the evolution of Shengavit s social

Preserving Shengavit for Future Study The Shengavit site is in dire need of preservation for future generations of archaeologists, students, and curious visitors. The site is run by a dedicated staff of 3 individuals headed by director Vladimir Tshagharyan, an experienced architect and archaeologist who has worked for many years on protecting and preserving Armenia s archaeological and architectural heritage. The site, however, receives no operating expenses from the government even though the small museum building needs structural reinforcement, water and sewage connections, rest rooms, running water, a new roof to protect priceless artifacts in the museum building, and other necessary improvements to facilitate research by professional archeologists as well as visits by the general public.

CYSCA Support for Shengavit

The Cambridge Yerevan Sister City Association (CYSCA) has undertaken a project to support the Shengavit Historical and Archaeological Preserve in partnership with Shengavit s Director, Tshagharyan, who was a participant in CYSCA s Community Connections program in Cambridge in 2003.

serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, which prolong the effect of serotonin in the brain by slowing its absorption by brain cells. More physicians are prescribing SSRIs to treat psychiatric disease beyond depression, including PTSD and obsessive compulsive disorder. Goenjian's co-authors included Julia Bailey, Alan Steinberg, Uma Dandekar and Dr. Ernest Noble, all of UCLA, and David Walling and Devon Schmidt of the Collaborative Neuroscience Network. No external grants supported the study.

Shengavit s Significance The site of Shengavit in the hills above the Ararat Plain is one set of remains of an ancient culture called variously Kura Araxes, Early Transcaucasian, Karaz, Pulur, Shengavitian, etc. Its full time period is still much under debate, but probably it starts somewhere around 3500 BC and ends 2500-2200 BC. The homeland of this culture is in the Southern Caucasus, the current countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, along with a section of current northeastern Turkey from Erzurum through Kars provinces. To fully understand the importance of this culture, its place in its contemporary world is essential to comprehend. Its beginning is co-terminus with the establishment of the first states in southern Mesopotamia and the founding of the first international trading system, which covered an area from the Persian Gulf to the North Caucasus from modern western Iran to the Mediterranean Sea. In the North Caucasus this is the time of the earliest Maikop Cultures. Its end is near the time of the founding of the first territorial empire of the northern Mesopotamian Akkadians, and the dominance of mobile pastoralist societies known for their kurgans (stone tombs) in Eurasia. This culture shared strong traditions, represented in part by a unique black burnished, handmade pottery, often bearing incised or raised designs. First at about 3500 BC, migrants bearing these markers of identity appeared in the Upper Euphrates river valley (Malatya), and after approximately 3000 BC spread across the Taurus and Zagros mountain fronts and down into the North Jordan Valley in modern Israel. The nature of the Kura Araxes societies are unique and different from either the Mesopotamian or Western Iranian ones to the south or the Maikop ones of the north. Earlier scholars believed that these people were simple village farmers and herders. Recent research at Shengavit, particularly the work of the Armenian-American team jointly directed by Drs. Hakob Simonyan of the ROA Ministry of Culture and Mitchell S. Rothman of Widener University, are suggesting that although they are not comparable to Mesopotamian cities, they were becoming more sophisticated, based in part on metal production. The work at Shengavit, of another Armenian-American team (Drs. Ruben Badalyan of the Institute of Archaeology and Adam Smith of Cornell University) in the Aragats area, and of teams in neighboring countries is just beginning to unravel the changes in social structure and inter-regional relationships that occurred over the span of the Kura Araxes Period.

سÛÇë 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

ARMENIA

25

Armenian forest at the face of destruction through greedy capitalist enterprise by Katya Der Hovagimian The natural landscape of Armenia that fills the pages of our history textbooks, geographical studies, literature, and poetry is endangered. The Armenian Copper Programme plans to build a massive open-pit copper mine in the small town of Teghut namely the Teghut forest. The forest is located in the Lori province and is home to many native species of flora and fauna, among which nineteen plant, twentyone mammal, and eleven fish species are featured in Armenia s Red Book on the verge of endangerment. The Armenian Copper Programme is a division of the Vallex Group and has been operating under this name since 1997. Prior to setting their eyes on Teghut, they had copper smelting and mining facilities in Alaverdi, and during the 1980s and 1990s, produced 55,000 tons of refined copper annually. ACP has been granted a 25year exploitation license by the government of Armenia to clear cut 1500 hectares of forested land in Teghut, to extract the copper and molybdenum ore. The ACP s project in Teghut is in partnership with a foundation called

the Teghut Close-Joint Stock Company. Teghut CJSC s intentions are far from altruistic, as it is another division of the Vallex Group. Their aim is to assure more optimal investment conditions for the construction of Teghut mining and processing enterprise and operation of copper-molybdenum deposit . As a result they promise to create 200 new jobs to boost the local economy. What ACP fails to mention is the fact that they have driven families out of their homes, arguing that their lands are eminent domain, causing a decrease in population with a forced purchase price of 38 AMD (approx. 9 cents) per square metre. Moreover, those who applied for a position in the company were offered a monthly salary of 60, 000AMD (approx.. $155 CAD) for labour intensive work. The Teghut project is not permanent, as ACP will eventually move on to other mineral rich lands. Through the departure of ACP, the economic issues in Teghut will become more extreme as the region would learn to depend on mining for economic flow. The consequences of this short term project far outweigh the good. The company argues that they

Teghut forest. Armenian youth demonstration in Yerevan know the extent of the damage that their copper mining pit will cause and h a v e e s ta b l i s h e d a 5 - y e a r reforestation project for 714 hectares of land. However, what they have failed to foresee is that through mining exploitation, the area will become a dead-zone for the next 25 years and that the reparations will be far too costly. Although ACP and Teghut CJSC plan to plant 140 hectares of trees

per year, the species extinct from deforestation will forever remain in the past. Moreover, the damages to and possible destruction of archeological sites and priceless historical monuments are also irreversible. Armenia cannot afford to lose any more forests as the 35% of its historical landscape that was covered by forests, is now only 7% after continuous deforestation projects.

The Armenian Copper Programme s destruction of the Teghut forest will be detrimental to Armenia s current environmental situation. The image of Armenia s colourful landscape, vast forested lands, and pure, natural water will be a thing of the past, as this type of deforestation will lead to dry, c o n ta m i n a t e d , u n c u l t i v a t e d , uninhabitable terrain for the sake of economic greed.

ATP s Program Building Bridges Between Diaspora and Armenia Armenia Tree Project (ATP) is now into the third year of a program to introduce its environmental education material in Armenian schools throughout North America. The program, Building Bridges: Connecting Diaspora Armenian Students with Their Environmental Heritage, has been funded by a grant from the Thomas A. Kooyumjian Family Foundation. It has been positively received by students and teachers at Armenian schools across the US. One of the first achievements of the project was the publication of an English edition of ATP s Plant an Idea, Plant a Tree education manual. The 97-page manual includes information on the importance of forests, lessons on exploring the environment, and ecological and cultural heritage. A lesson titled The Beetle School as a School of Nature, for example, includes a first-ever English translation of the well-known poem b y H o v h a n n e s To u m a n i a n . The second major achievement of the project has been the publications of two editions of the

Building Bridges newsletter. The newsletters and manual are available on the ATP website and in print format and have been distributed to teachers and students in Armenian schools across North America over the past two years. Environmental education has been a key program priority for ATP for quite some time and since we have developed the resources about Armenia, it made sense to introduce the material in the Diaspora, explains Building Bridges Program Manager Sarah Hayes. The overall goal is to raise the level of awareness about Armenia s natural heritage and environmental challenges, as well as making connections between young people. ATP has been working with schools in the Diaspora and in Armenia to present the material and to strengthen these connections. Over the past two years, r e p r e s e n ta t i v e s f r o m AT P s Watertown and Los Angeles offices have visited schools in California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, and New Jersey. ATP s environmental

education program staff in Armenia works with local students and teachers to facilitate introductions between peers around environmental issues. In addition to using our educational material in the classroom or hosting presentations at school assemblies, we have encouraged schools to visit and see ATP s programs during class trips to Armenia as part of the Building Bridges program, adds Hayes. Already, ATP has created connections for students at a number of schools including the AGBU Sisag H. Varjabedian School in Chicago, the Ari Guiragos Minassian School in Santa Ana, CA, St. Stephen s Armenian Elementary School in Watertown, MA, and the Hovnanian School in New Milford, NJ. A number of schools have partnered with ATP in order to enrich existing teaching material with information about Armenia s environment. We see great value in teaming up with ATP because we want our students both to do well academically and socially, and to feel

compelled to assist their neighborhoods and communities in meaningful ways. One avenue can be through environmental efforts, explains Ararat Charter School Principal Aida Tatiossian, from Van Nuys, CA. Making connections to the motherland is a very important factor in teaming up with ATP. It s critical that our students know who they are, where they come from, and feel proud about their culture and heritage. We are constantly exploring new and

innovative ways to teach our students about the world around them, and ATP fits into this, she adds. We are grateful that the trustees of the Thomas A. Kooyumjian Family Foundation have supported Building Bridges as part of their mission to foster a stronger sense of ArmenianAmerican identity. We hope this work strengthens the bonds between Armenia and the Diaspora and further engages young Armenians to become stewards of the environment, concludes Hayes.

Osana Mksy-Artinian AMP Mortgage Specialist

mobile: 416-315-7310 office: 416-490-0607 osana.mksy-artinian@bmo.com

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Ara Graphics

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2012 26 ¾.زÚÆê î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

From The Turks To The 'Titanic:' One Armenian's Fateful Escape

Armenian "Titanic" survivor Neshan Krekorian (seated left) with his wife, Persape (seated right), daughter Angie (center), son George (left), and daughter Alice (right).

by Daisy Sindelar (RFE/RL)- Neshan Krekorian was barely in his twenties when his father urged him to emigrate from western Armenia and start a new life far away across the Atlantic Ocean. Thousands of Armenians were doing the same, in a bid to escape Neshan Krekorian's final resting rising violence and persecution at the place in St. Catharines, Ontario. hands of Ottoman-era Turks. So Krekorian fled, making his over the side and basically got away way across Europe and purchasing with it." a third-class ticket for what would Many steerage-class passengers prove a fateful ocean journey. were not nearly so lucky. More than "His father told him to leave the two-thirds of the third-class ticket country and seek a new life in Canada holders went down with the ship, and hopefully bring his brothers over," many because they were unable to says Krekorian's grandson, Van So­ reach the upper decks. lomonian. Of the approximately 2,200 peo­ "He had two younger brothers ple on board, only 700 survived, most who stayed behind. My grandfather of them first- and second-class trav­ gathered four other compatriots from elers. Turkish Armenia in the area that he Krekorian eventually made his lived in, which was Keghi. And they way to Canada, ultimately settling in got to France in Cherbourg, and by the town of St. Catherines in Ontario. pure fate got on the 'Titanic.'" Krekorian was one of over 700 He Never Forgot the Horror third-class passengers on board the A foundry worker in the local maiden voyage of the celebrated General Motors plant, he earned ocean liner. enough money to honor his father's Immigrants from across the Brit­ wish to bring his younger brothers to ish Isles, Scandinavia, Eastern Eu­ Canada, and helped found the town's rope, and the Middle East paid the Armenian Church, the first of its kind equivalent of $1,000 for a steerage- in the country. class ticket entitling them to modest Solomonian says it's possible his sleeping quarters and meals in the grandfather's brothers only learned third-class dining hall for the duration of his ordeal on the "Titanic" once of what was meant to be a weeklong they had arrived in Canada. voyage. When Krekorian died, at the age of 89, one of his brothers lingered at 'A Shudder and a Dull Thud' his tombstone, whispering his grati­ Solomonian remembers his tude for Neshan's help in getting them grandfather describing the quarters out of Keghi. as cramped, but comfortable. Solomonian, who grew up in St. But things took a turn for the Catherines and now lives in Toronto, worse five nights into the journey. remembers his grandfather as a quiet Close to midnight on April 14, the ship man who spoke little English and hit a massive iceberg in the North frequently clutched a string of tradi­ Atlantic and slowly began to sink. According to Solomonian, his grand­ tional Armenian worry beads. Krekorian rarely spoke of his ex­ father and some of his fellow thirdperiences on the ill-fated "Titanic." class passengers had just settled in for a game of cards when they heard Solomonian recalls hearing only brief "a shudder" and "a dull thud." snippets of his grandfather's memo­ "He knew something had hap­ ries of desperate passengers scream­ pened, but he didn't quite know what," ing for help and plunging to their death Solomonian says. "The problem with in the icy waters. But he is certain the third-class passengers was that Krekorian never forgot the horror of they were actually locked down on that day: "He never went on a boat again their decks, because at the time reg­ ulations required that steerage pas­ in his life," he says. "He wouldn't sengers be isolated from first and swim. In St. Catherines they had a nice beach on Lake Ontario, and second class. "He and a few other men had to when the family would go there for break a chain lock to get up to the Sunday picnics, he would never, ever upper decks. My grandfather ended go in. I guess that speaks to the trau­ up on boat 10. The boat was being ma that he experienced. He never lowered and he literally just jumped got over that fear."

LITERATURE by Lorne Shirinian for DDH

by Alan Whitehorn

Trees Across Armenia

To plant a tree for every genocide victim 150,000 trees a year for ten long years. It seems such a mammoth task. It is only then that I realize the magnitude the horrific magnitude But your poems are only words the colossal magnitude Then one day you find you have made of the slaughter of so many, the earth shift to reveal so swiftly. with frightening clarity One and half million in a little more than a year. some mystery ancient and So much killing. human unfolding through you So directed. So planned. So executed. Slowly, you begin to understand this desire So swiftly. your words disappear to reveal the poem It will take at least ten years to plant the young trees. It will take more than a lifetime for the seedlings to grow fully. But you are Armenian It will take generations for the scars to heal properly. absence and longing The rugged landscape will always reveal the bitter truth. are your heritage But 1.5 million trees will ease the pain. you spot Varoujan dancing in Harvard Square A forest will lessen the suffering and hide the tears of sorrow you bump into Siamanto at Wordsworth's bookstore of so many. you receive a phone call; Tourian is lost in Watertown The tears of so many, you try to understand Armenia yesterday, you write Armenia today and tomorrow, Armenia and the day after. The tears perhaps will water the trees of hope. The trees of love. In the time warp called America The trees of beauty. you mythologize the dead land The trees of peace. find yourself stranded between fable and reality The trees of salvation. Even the healing trees of forgiveness. In your life Listen to the leaves of the trees, love and genocide as they rustle in the wind. gather your images and desires A million and more souls whisper in unison: This is our forest. use English like a native This is your ancestor s forest. make you an Armenian poet Visit us when you can. Remember us, as you should. From the volume, Earthquake: Poems by Lorne Shirinian Plant a tree for us and for others. Plant a tree and remember.

First there is the need to be a poet to bear witness through words

Asking for Your Blessing By Lucine Kasbarian

Hampartzoom and Armaveni Hamparian in New York, early 1920s.

by Nancy Krikorian At lunchtime I stand at the stove spooning soup into three white bowls. My children eat bread at the table. They laugh at the milk moustaches that I wipe from their faces. On the pantry floor I see the narrow shadows of the other children, the one whose bones I left in the desert in a garden of bones. The sand is still in my hair; their high voices in my ears. My American children can't see their unlucky brother and sister who follow close by my skirt. Mairig, the ghosts complain, we are hungry. Mairig, give us something to eat.

On our cellar walls, you are immortal. Over the years, I ve conversed with you. I speak the mother tongue your resolute children, my parents, taught me. You stare back thoughtfully, through sepia-toned photos. Your bodies are stocky; you wear clothes you made yourselves. Your hands are calloused from planting, building, kneading and mending. Your faces are stoic, even when in bridal garb. Your expressions carry a worldliness born from suffering and uncomplaining dignity. Almond shaped, your eyes have the heavy lids that is our ancestral birthright. They betray the sleeplessness of tormented memory, and exhaustion from rebuilding shattered lives. Sometimes I ask about Dikranagerd, sometimes Sepastia -wishing you could reminisce. I long for your folk wisdom, your Old Country ways. I ask you to recall our gentle kertastan before the seizures, slaughters and destruction. I try to picture how you subsisted as lambs before wolves. You patiently listen as I speak of the burdens of today s Armenian -- no matter how light when compared to yours, and sometimes just as onerous. Then I ask forgiveness for not doing more. Many times I seek to borrow your strength, your all-seeing wisdom. Why did you die before I could know you? In my mind, your penetrating eyes lavish the love only grandparents can give. Year after year, I yearn for you to speak up and say, We see you clearly from above. You carry our blood in your veins. You feel our ancient world in your bones. You live with our history. You possess our ethic. You dance and sing authentically. You persist in spite of exile. You know our sufferings. You speak for us. You won t forsake us. You have our blessing. You do us justice. You are Western Armenia.

سÛÇë 2012 ¾. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 79

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Ù³ÉáõÍáõÙÁ áõÕ»ÕÇÝ ×»ñÙ³Ï µÝ³Ã»É»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù Çñ³ñáõ ÏÁ ϳå»Ý áõÕ»ÕÇÝ ³ÛÝ Ù³ë»ñÁ, áõñ ï»ÕÇ Ï¯áõÝ»Ý³Û ½·³ó³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ, áõß³¹ñáõû³Ý Ï»¹ñáݳóáõÙÁ, áñáßáõÙÝ»ñáõ ϳ۳óáõÙÁ »õ ÇÙ³ó³Ï³Ý ѳϳÏßÇéÁ: àõÕ»ÕÇ Ö»ñÙ³Ï ÝÇõÃÇ ÝÙ³ÝûñÇÝ³Ï ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Ýϳïáõ³Í »Ý ÃÙñ»óáõóÇãÇ »õ á·»ÉÇó ÁÙå»ÉÇÝ»ñáõ ÙáÉáõûݿ ï³é³åáÕÝ»ñáõ ùáí: §²Ûë Û³Ûïݳµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ùï³Í»É Ïáõ ï³Ý, ÿ áõÕ»ÕÇÝ ×»ñÙ³Ï Ù³ëÇÝ ³ÙµáÕçáõû³Ý å³Ñå³ÝáõÙÁ ÏÁ ͳé³Û¿ ǵñ»õ ¹³ñÙ³ÝáõÙÇ Ýáñ ÃÇñ³Ë` ѳٳó³ÝóÇ ÙáÉáõûݿ Û³é³ç³ó³Í ˳ݷ³ñáõÙÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ¦, Ï°Áë»Ý áõëáõÙݳëÇñáÕÝ»ñ: ²ÝáÝù ã»Ý ·Çï»ñ, ÿ ³ñ¹»ûù áõÕ»ÕÇÝ Ù¿ç ϳï³ñáõ³Í ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ñ»ï»õ³±Ýù »Ý, ÿ± å³ï׳é ѳٳó³ÝóÇ ÙáÉáõû³Ý: »ñ»õë ³ÛÝ å³ï³ÝÇÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝó áõÕ»ÕÇÝ Ù¿ç ÝÙ³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Ýϳïáõ³Í »Ý, ³õ»ÉÇ Ñ³Ï³Ù¿ï »Ý ÙáÉÇ ¹³éݳÉáõ:

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çáó ѳÛóÛÃ³Í »Ý ûÃǽٿ ï³é³åáÕ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ` ÝϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáí, áñ ³ÝáÝó ·áñͳÍáõÃÇõÝÁ ѳÙÁÝÏÝ³Í ¿ Çñ»Ýó áõÝ»ó³Í ϳñáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ: سëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñÁ Ýϳï³Í »Ý, ÿ ì»ñáÝÇù³Ý ³ñ³·ûñ¿Ý ÁÝï»É³ó³Í ¿ Ipad-Ç Íñ³·ÇñÇÝ, áñ ˳ÕÇ å³ñáõݳÏÇÝ Ù¿ç »Õ³Í ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÙÇ»õÝáÛÝ ³ï»Ý ÙÕ³Í ¿, áñå¿ë½Ç ³ÝÇϳ áñáß Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÃÇõÝ óáõó³µ»ñ¿ »õ å³ï³ë˳ݿ å³ëï³éÇÝ íñ³Û »ñ»õóáÕ Ñ³ñóáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù å³ïÏ»ñ³½³ñ¹ µÝáÛÃÇ »Õ³Í »Ý: سïã»ÉÇ` ÜáÛÝÇëÏ ºñÏáõ î³ñ»Ï³Ý سÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ® àñù³Ý ϳÝáõË ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»Ý³Û ûÃǽ٠áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ íÇ׳ÏÁ µ³ñ»É³õáÕ ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáõÝ ·áñͳ¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ, ³ÛÝù³Ý ³õ»ÉÇ ³ñ¹Çõݳõ¿ï ÏÁ ¹³éÝ³Ý ³Û¹ ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ: лï»õ³µ³ñ Ýß»³É Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ Ipad-Ç ·áñͳÍáõÃÇõÝÁ Ýå³ëï³Í ¿, áñå¿ë½Ç Ù³ëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñ ϳñ»Ý³Ý ѳÕáñ¹³Ïóáõû³Ý ÙÇçáó ëï»ÕÍ»É ÙÇÝã»õ »ñÏáõ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï: سëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñ Ï°Áë»Ý, ÿ Ipad-Ç ³ñÑ»ëï³·ÇïáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏñÝ³Û Û»Õ³ßñÅ»É ûÃǽ٠áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Õáñ¹³Ïó³Í Ó»õÁ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ á°ã µáÉáñÇÝ

å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ` ÝϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáí, áñ ÝÙ³Ý íÇ׳ÏÇ Ù¿ç »ÕáÕ ï³ñµ»ñ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñ áõÝÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ ϳñÇùÝ»ñ: лï»õ³µ³ñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¿ å³ïñ³ëï»É ѳٳϳñ·ÇãÇ ï³ñµ»ñ Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñ` ·áѳóÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ µáÉáñÇÝ Ï³ñÇùÝ»ñÁ: Ìñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõ гٳ¹ñáõÙÁ` ²ÝÑñ³Å»ßï Üß»³É Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõÝ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ Ñ»ï»õÇÝ Ù³ëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñáõÝ óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñáõÝ` Çñ»Ýó ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñÁ Ipad-Ç ·áñͳÍáõû³Ý í³ñÅ»óÝ»Éáõ ·Íáí: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñ å¿ïù ¿ ÙÇßï Ñ»ï³Ùáõï ÁÉÉ³Ý Ñ»ï»õ»Éáõ Ipad-ÇÝ »õ ϳ٠ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ѳٳϳñ·ÇãÇ ë³ñù»ñáõÝ ³éç»õ Çñ»Ýó ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ ³Ýóáõó³Í ųٳݳÏÇÝ` ÝϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáí, áñ »ñϳñ ųٻñ ³Û¹ ë³ñù»ñáõÝ ³éç»õ ÙݳÉÁ ÏÁ ݻճóÝ¿ ½Çñ»Ýù: úÃǽ٠áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»-

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سÛÇë 26-27-28 سÝñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ýó ѳٳñ ¹Çٻɪ ´»Ýݳ ³ñ½ÇÇÝ 416-496-0606 ϳ٠416-494-4067 see answers reversed in this page

Israeli Minister ...

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character and the fact we have communities around the world, Noked told Armenpress. Citing the strategic character of the TurkishIsraeli relationship, successive Israeli governments have resisted calls for an official Israeli recognition of the World War I-era massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire as genocide. An Israeli Foreign Ministry official

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reaffirmed this stance during landmark hearings on the issue that were organized by an Israeli parliament committee last December. Support for Armenian genocide recognition appears to have grown within the Israeli parliament, the Knesset, over the past year. Observers link that to Israel s worsening relations with Turkey, which vehemently denies the genocide. Relations between Armenia and Israel are also less than cordial now not least because of the Jewish state s growing military cooperation with Azerbaijan. Earlier this year, Israeli defense officials confirmed a reported deal to sell Azerbaijan unmanned military aircraft, antiaircraft and missile defense systems for some $1.6 billion. The Azerbaijani military is known to already possess Israeli-made unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). One such drone was apparently shot down by Armenian forces while flying a reconnaissance mission over NagornoKarabakh last September.

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31

Sarkisian Orders Removal Of Yerevan Park Kiosks (RFE/RL)- After months of protests by environmental and other civil activists, President Serzh Sarkisian ordered municipal authorities on May 1st to remove more than a dozen kiosks controversially built in a small park in downtown Yerevan. Sarkisian visited Mashtots Park with Mayor Taron Markarian just two days after the most serious clashes yet between protesters and riot police guarding the stateowned properties. You ve done everything right, he told Markarian in front of television cameras. You were right in the sense that you made a temporary decision. In two or three years all this would have to be removed from here. But, my dear Taron, as you can see, this [appearance] is not quite nice. Again, you made the right decision but it would be right if you find a way of dismantling all this, Sarkisian said. That would be the appropriate decision. The remarks effectively put an end to a more than three-month standoff between dozens of activists and the Yerevan municipality backed by the police. The mostly young people have demonstrated there on a virtually basis in protest against what they see as further damage to the city s green areas. They have also challenged the legality of the mayor s decision to use the public area for commercial purposes. The municipal administration has said all along that the kiosks will stand in Mashtots Park for up to three years and not damage any trees. It has also cited the need to compensate entrepreneurs whose kiosks mainly selling clothing were removed in January from the sidewalk of a major street in the city center. Hundreds of other

sidewalk shops were dismantled across Yerevan last year. The standoff intensified early month when the protesters were joined by a group of prominent public figures trying to tear down the under-construction kiosks. Their attempts led to scuffles with police. The most violent of those incidents took place on Sunday. Seven protesters were detained on the spot and kept in police custody for several hours. Two of them suffered injuries and required treatment at a hospital. Sarkisian on Tuesday praised the police for showing restraint in the high-profile dispute. Robert Melkonian, a deputy chief of the Yerevan police who has personally coordinated the police actions in the park, afterwards congratulated environmentalists on what many of them regard as a rare victory against the government. Some campaigners dismissed Sarkisian s intervention as a public relations move related to May 6 parliamentary elections. But as one of the organizers of the protests, Yeghia Nersisian, said, You can find a lot of political context in all this but I don t want to do that I just know one thing: he who fights in good faith always achieves his goal. The outcry over the shop construction reflects growing anger among politically active Armenians with the shrinkage of public parks across the city since the late 1990s. Virtually all of them are now dotted with cafes, restaurants and other commercial properties. The authorities have until now essentially ignored less vocal and radical forms of protest organized by environmentalists.

President Serzh Sarkisian visits Mashtots Park in Yerevan, May 1.

Mashtots Park in Yerevan

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