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Volume 9, No. 1 (97), NOVEMBER 2013 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

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POM 8 Prepares to Screen Its Strongest Program in Festival History

by Roubina Shnorhokian

Hamazkayin s 8th Annual Pomegranate Film Festival is set to take place from November 7-10, 2013, offering its strongest program to date headlined by Atom Egoyan s recent r e l e a s e D e v i l s K n o t a n d Emmanuel Shirinian s first feature film It Was You Charlie. The festival will be teased with a first ever Prelude to POM on Wednesday November 6th, 2013 with the presentation of Hamshen Nation, a documentary by Yerevan State University Professor Lusine Sahakyan, exploring the identity of the Hamshen peoples of Armenian origin and how they were forcibly Islamicized ( Turkified ) by the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century. Sahakyan lived with the Hamshen for nearly half a year, exploring their songs, dances, customs, and language in a meticulous fashion. The film serves not only as a window into the unique lives of the Hamshen community, but also illuminates their own conceptions of identity. Sahakyan s documentary will be screened with a playful short; Was Casanova Armenian? by Tanner Boyadjian, based on the 18th century Italian adventurer and the issue of his Armenian roots. This year s addition of the Wednesday night Prelude proves how quickly POM is growing and influencing Armenians in the film industry, said Sevag Yeghoyan, festival Chair. We had a record amount of great films apply to be a part of our festival this year which allowed us to tease the addition of a Wednesday night screening to film lovers. Orphans of the Genocide promises to be a captivating documentary by Florida-based director Bared Maronian who has received multiple Emmys for his professionalism and years of experience in filmmaking. He is best known for his previous films Komitas Hairig (POM V) and The Wall of the Genocide. His latest film is dedicated to the more than 150,000 orphans, who were shipped off to various communities around the world. It will be screened on Sunday November 10th at 3pm in conjunction with the Armenian Youth Federation. Maronian sheds light on the Armenian orphanage in Antoura, near Beirut, Lebanon. Run by Ahmad Jamal Pasha, the orphanage had one purpose: to turkify the hundreds of children housed there. Maronian s focus on the Antoura orphanage was inspired by journalist Robert Fisk s research, which brought to light the alarming discovery of US engineer Missak Kelechian pertaining to the insitution s dark

Director Atom Egoyan

A poster of Devil s Knot

past. Maronian skillfully weaves together archival footage, photography, and interviews, including the expertise of Taner Akçam all of which offer a powerful voice to all those orphans traumatized from the Genocide. Their voices deserve to be heard and their stories shared with the public. Maronian will attend the Festival and engage in a Q&A session following the screening. POM 8 lineup also includes Jack Topalian s Betrayal. Born in Yerevan, and raised in the San Francisco Bay area, Topalian is an accomplished actor and director. He has graduated from the American Conservatory Theater of San Francisco and the Stanford School of Drama. He has appeared in several well-known police dramas, as well as a role in the Oscar-winning film Argo by Ben Affleck. The film focuses on a mobster named Vazgen, who is pulled back into his past when his eldest son is accused of killing a Russian gangster. Topalian himself takes on the lead role, supported by a well-known cast including academy award winner Eric Roberts (The Dark Knight). Betrayal s producer, Valerie McCaffrey is best known for Lost & Found in Armenia (POM VII) and will be present for this World Premiere. Action-seekers will also enjoy

the Canadian Premiere of Prince Bagdasarian s Abstraction. Actor Ken Davitian, best known for acting as Borat s sidekick, will attend the screening along with several cast members from Abstraction. LA based Bagdasarian presents a high stakes heist for a valuable painting. Vahik Pirhamzei s Guardian Angel, is also set to make its World Premiere at POM 8, where it will serve as the Festival s Closing Film. Celebrated Iranian-Armenian Pirhamzei, best known for his previous film My Uncle Rafael, stars as Ray Ardalan, a man with a mission to protect a young aspiring model from the dark world of human trafficking. Guardian Angel boasts an all-star cast including Ray Wise (Twin Peaks), Chris Atkins (The Blue Lagoon), Christopher Knight (The Brady Bunch), Colin Cuningham (Falling Skies) along with Canadian star Anne Bedian (Lost and CSI). While Pirhamzei is known for his comedic talents, Guardian Angel promises to showcase the versatility of acting repertoire. Highlights of this year s festival include Canadian talents Emmanuel Shirinian and Atom Egoyan, who will screen their newest films on Friday evening at the Regent Theatre. Shirinian s comedy-drama is about a suicidal doorman named Abner, who

blames himself for the death of a woman who died in a car crash he survived. This is ultimately a story of redemption. Director Shirinian has been a huge hit at POM for his previous shorts: The Last Bang, Song of Solomon and Les Softies. He is a two-time recipient of the POM grant and is sure not to disappoint with this North American Premiere. Director Atom Egoyan will present his latest feature, Devil s Knot which explores the notorious 1993 West Memphis murders and the lynch-mob fever that gripped a small tightly knit community. It boasts an Oscar-winning cast including Reese Witherspoon (Walk the Line) and Colin Firth (The King s Speech). Egoyan regulars Bruce Greenwood (The Sweet Hereafter) and Elias Koteas (Ararat) also join the cast in this thought-provoking piece which demonstrates the lethal results of a botched investigation and the hysteria related to the murders of three young boys. This screening is an exclusive opportunity, as Devil s Knot recently enjoyed its World Premiere at TIFF and has yet to be released publicly. Attendees will certainly relish the opportunity to hear Egoyan s personal remarks following the film presentation.

ÜàÚºØ´ºð 2013 Â. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 97

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Correction In our October issue the article entitled 9th Pan Homenetmen Games (page 23) was written by Daron Halajian. Due to a software malfunction the byline appeared as Daroby Halajian. We regret the error.

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Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan braces for children and adults

D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)

Orthodontist Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161 North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018

Ara Graphics

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

ÜàÚºØ´ºð 2013 Â. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 97

Neurology Conference at Y.S.M.U. Armenia by Dr. Ani Hasserjian Organized by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Armenia with the cooperation of the Armenian Medical International Committee, Neurology Group ASPET, and the Found for Armenian Relief (FAR), a Neurological Conference was held at the Yerevan State Medical University (Y.S.M.U.) on September 18 - 19. Dedicated to the management of cerebrovascualar diseases the main theme of the conference was Stroke Treatment. The official opening ceremony took place at the Assembly Hall of Y.S.M.U. with the participation of over 400 medical professionals and students. After the Armenian National Anthem, the Dean of Y.S.M.U. Professor M. Narimanyan welcoming the participants emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and prevention of Cerebrovascular Diseases. The Minister of Health of Armenia, Professor Derenik Doumanian in his welcoming speech said he is proud that a distinguished group of Armenian Medical Professionals from North America have come to share their knowledge

and are participating as guest speakers at the conference. The course co-directors were Professor R. Fanarjyan, Department of Neurosurgery (Y.S.M.U.) and Professor V. Babikian, Director and Professor of Vascular Neurology Residency, (Boston University Medical Center). The scientific program continued with Dr. Muratoglu MD, Associate Professor of Clinical Neurology,University of Alberta Canada and his speech about Stroke Epidemiology and Pathology in Relevance to Armenia. Dr. Sanossian MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, and Associate Director of Neurocritical Care and Stroke Center, University of Southern California Los Angeles U.S.A. spoke about Acute Stroke Treatment. Dr. R. Avitisian, MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Cleveland, U.S.A. lectured about Acute Stroke, Interventional Tr e a t m e n t , A n e s t h e t i c a n d Neurocritical care concerns. Dr. M. Artinian, Neuroradiologist and Associate Clinical Professor of Radiology (Tufts University) Boston MA. U.S.A. spoke about Neuroimaging in Acute Stroke Treatment care.

Participants during the conference

Case discussions were lead by Professor Berge Minassian, MD.Professor of Pediatrics, Michael Bahen Chair in Epilepsy Research (University of Toronto) Neurologist and Senior Scientist (The Hospital for Sick Children) Toronto, Canada. Along with Dr. Minassian his colleague, Dr. Gaspar Israelian MD (Consultant Neurologist at Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga, Ontario) took part in the case discussions. Dr. T. Khachatryan from the department of Neurosurgery (Y.S.M.U.) and Dr. M. Grigorian,

One of the conference panels

Director of Neuroendovascular Research Services Atlantic Medical Center spoke about surgical and interventional management of Acute Cerebrovascular diseases. The second day was devoted to Chronic Cerebrovascular Diseases. Secondary Stroke prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy and Rehabilitation of patients as well as treatment of vascular risk factors w e r e p r e s e n t e d b y D r. N . Derkevorkian MD (Primary Care Physician, Lexington M.A., U.S.A.) and Dr. H. Kalashian M.D.(Clinical-

Research fellow in Cardiology/Stroke in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.) The conference concluded that since the talent and health facilities are available in Armenia, it is the duty of the Armenian health professionals in Armenia and in the Diaspora to project and work on the future frontiers of the treatments of diseases. The conference was concluded by visits to Y.S.M.U. and other area hospital clinics and wards.

Holy Trinity Armenian Church Sassoun Dance Ensemble s Trip to South America Sevag Avakian The Holy Trinity Armenian Church Sassoun Dance Ensemble was invited to take part in multiple events and celebrations from October 3 to 15, in Argentina and Uruguay. Archpriest Fr. Zareh Zargarian met with the group at Pearson airport before their departure for a group prayer and wished them a safe and successful trip. The fifteen dancers accompanied by Joe and Sossy Avakian and John and Maggie Satouri, began their exciting trip in Buenos Aires, Argentina. They met and interacted with local youth and students at UGAB (AGBU of Argentina). It was interesting to visit Armenia Street, which houses the community centres of multiple Armenian organizations and the church. Sassoun was invited to UGAB for a welcome dinner during which, the group performed Sasna bar for over 300 of the guests. The 22nd Anniversary of Republic of Armenia s Independence celebrations was a wonderful festival funded by the government of Argentina in Buenos Aires, where Sassoun Dance Ensemble performed representing the Canadian Armenians for the first time in

Argentina. The festival featured Armenian food vendors, radio stations, singers, musicians, and four local dance groups, and Sassoun Dance Ensemble was the honourary guest. Performing for over 8000 guests throughout the day, Sassoun made Toronto Armenian community proud and moved the audience with their vibrant dances. On the next day, Sassoun Ensemble was invited to take part in the local Masis Dance Ensemble s 20th Anniversary Performance, where they performed two of their dances to an audience of over 1000 people. The rest of

the time in Buenos Aires, Sassoun spent touring the city and interacting with local Armenian youth and creating close ties that will last a lifetime. The group then proceeded to travel to Montevideo, Uruguay for 3 days, where they had many city tours, and visited an Armenian school, church, and UGAB of Uruguay. Sassoun was invited to a welcome lunch reception at the Armenian Nubarian School where they interacted with students. They then visited a class learning Armenian dance, and were asked to perform for the students. The Sassoun

members were very excited and enthusiastic to perform for the students, and to share our Armenian culture with our brothers and sisters in Uruguay. Sassoun Dance Ensemble spent the rest of the trip touring and going back to Argentina to wrap up their unforgettable trip before returning home. The group is now frantically working and preparing for their 10 Year Anniversary Performance, which will feature a new program, which promises to be an unforgettable experience for both the members of the group and the audience.

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

Two Worlds Apart: A Dance Show for Charity

by Lori Najarian and Arsho Zakarian For the second year, Larinee Movsessian, dancer extraordinaire and choreographer, organizes a Charity Dance Showcase for the benefit of local charities. On September 22, ten well known and prestigious dance groups showcased their talents at the Hamazkayin theatre, Toronto. The proceeds was to be divided among two organizations: Hamazkayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of Canada. The opening dance called Words , bases on a song by Skylar Grey, was choreographed by Larinee Movsessian. She was inspired by the lyrics of the song. The sudden death in February of her friend and classmate, Greg Bekarian, left her and the Armenian community in grief and shock. No one is prepared for death and most of the time we don t get to say what we want to before it is too late. Best expressed by Grey s lyrics: I know that can t hear me anymore so much to tell you, and most of all, goodbye... It s so loud, inside my head with words that I should ve said... I can t take back the words I never said... The seamless connection of techniques, the deep emotions expressed through movement and the lyrics of the song presented a unity. Greg s loved ones and the audience alike were very touched by the Boss group s performance.

The next number was by Dance Fusion, with artistic direction of the award winning Robin Bleasdale. She was able to bring together 12 to 16 year old dancers to perform with genuine fun and agility. Next was Inhale Dance Company , choreographed by Hayley Paone, who had inspired her 9 to 10 year old dancers to showcase a contemporary and delightful dance to a song called Hope . Five of the Boss dancers danced beautifully on Brand New Me song by Alicia Keys, choreographed by mighty Leah Totten. The next dance, an upcoming multifaceted

choreographer, Kylie Thompson, showcased five dancers who performed to Adele s music. Sweet Dreams by the Dance Zone group, was indeed sweet yet multi layered, choreographed by Natasha Louis. The masters of the ceremonies Shavar Blackwood, a dancer and choreographer, and Arda Zakarian, a broadcast journalist, both entertaining, led the audience smoothly from one performance to the other. After the intermission, the first dance was the Boss group. It was a strong and an impressive performance, followed by a solo called Gravity by talented Paulina Macias.

The next piece was called Ditto by Kalos Collectives, choreographed by Jessica Ford. It was an expressive piece on love and relationships. The third and the last dance by the Boss group was amazingly performed by the fly girls . The next dance was a contemporary one by Allison Bradley about the power of love performed by the Joy of Dance. Choreographer Lineen Doung of Dark Dance Company showcased the next dance which was both entertaining and interesting. At the end all dance groups and the choreographers were invited on the stage. The groups were Dance Fusion, YYZ, 8th Union, Kylie Thompson, The dance Zone, Kalos Collectives, Boss Dance Company, Allison Bradley and the Dark Dance. Larinee Movsessian, the backbone of this function, thanked all the performers, the choreographers, the volunteers, D.J. Mikestin, and the sponsors. Both, the Hamazkayin and the Leukemia and Lymphoma Societies expressed their appreciation through bouquets of flowers and heart felt words. The total from this collective work came to 8 thousand dollars. A big bravo, or as we say in Armenian Abris , to the talented performers, the unstoppable volunteers and the generous sponsors for showcasing a very amazing, unique and unforgettable night.

An Evening of Comedy: Tales of Hovhanness Toumanian a Big Hit by isa basmajian On the evening of September 29th, the Armenian General Benevolent Union and the Armenian Association of Toronto presented An Evening of Comedy: Tales of Hovhanness Toumanian, seven wellacted vignettes based on some of the works of the beloved Armenian writer Hovannes Toumanian. The Babayan Hall of the AGBU Alex Manoogian Cultural Centre was packed with people of all ages. Some had come because they were devotees of Toumanian, others had come to laugh and still others had come to be with friends. Children of all ages were there as well. The production provided something for everyone but perhaps most important of all, it introduced a giant of Armenian literature to a segment of the audience that maybe had never had a chance to know him. Toumanian s stories, poems, and fables are alive and imbued with the people, the traditions and the majestic mountainous landscape of the villages of his native Lori. His works have touched, enchanted, entertained and enlightened readers since the beginning of the 20th century. Those were turbulent and difficult times for Armenians and Toumanian was a witness to the horrors. The suffering of his people pained him profoundly. Armenian schools, newspapers and cultural institutions were shut down in the Caucasus and Toumanian was incensed that the powers to be had manipulated simple honest folk to fight against each other. In fact, in those days, Toumanian carrying a white flag rode on a horse from town to town in Lori to negotiate peace amongst the villagers. The massacres of Adana, followed by violent confrontations amongst neighbours in the Caucasus and the Armenian Genocide of 1915 propelled him to become an activist for peace and justice and use his art for that noble cause without being didactic. The director of Tales of Hovhanness Toumanian, Varazh Stepanian, without being didactic as well, has been able to convey the gist of the message found in Toumanian s oeuvres. And using simple

PRESS RELEASE

A scene from Toumanian°s A Drop of Honey

props, updated techniques and stage directions, he also provided maximum entertainment value for his audience. Stepanian encouraged the engagement of the audience into his production from the beginning when he asked them to join the characters in the play whenever they heard one of them sing na, na, na, na, na. The children sitting in front of me in the audience, with their adult counterparts, would chime in en masse with the refrain whenever they heard it on stage. The singing engaged the audience and brought them into the play. They were no longer outsiders looking in but part of the work. I think Toumanian would have liked that. Stepanian heightened and punctuated the comic element in his production with witty anachronistic touches. In The Simpleton, a poor peasant seeks the help of God. He finds God sitting in front of a computer presumably overseeing the running of the Universe. When the simple peasant appears before Him, God wants to know what language he speaks; of course the reply is Armenian. God asks: Eastern or Western Armenian? The peasant replies: Eastern Armenian. God asks him to specify: Eastern Armenian of Armenia or Eastern Armenian of Persia. The audience responded with uproarious laughter to this interchange for obvious reasons. However, separations can cause

the development of misunderstandings. Toumanian sought the triumph of unity, justice and peace for humankind and the end of bloodshed. These humanitarian ideals are the leitmotif in most of his works, poignantly expressed in one of his greatest poems, A Drop of Honey, which he wrote whilst imprisoned in Tiflis. A drop of honey that falls on the floor of a village shop gives rise to a misunderstanding, becomes the cause of conflict between two people, grows into a conflict between two villages and then war between countries. Stepanian in dramatizing this poem as simply as possible on the stage brings to the fore the folly and stupidity of the actions of the characters and the satire inherent in the work as Toumanian wrote it. Mr. Stepanian, the actors and crew are to be congratulated for adapting to the stage in such an entertaining manner some of Toumanian s works; surely not an easy task. The problems that distressed Toumanian in the early part of the 20th century and that he so movingly wrote about are still with us today. Stepanian underlined the ridiculous manner with which Toumanian s characters approached their problems and made us laugh. When we stopped laughing, Mr. Stepanian made us realize the relevance of Toumanian s writings for today s readers and the universality of his message.

October 2, 2013 (Toronto)- The Canada Armenia Business Council held its Annual General Meeting on September 26, 2013 at the CABC office. The general meeting served as much more than merely an election of a new board. Energetic new recruits and experienced past members exchanged ideas and generated a broad spectrum of initiatives for the newly elected board to pursue. The CABC believes it is important for the Greater Toronto area s Armenian business community to have a unified voice that will serve the interests of Armenian businesses and professionals by creating networking opportunities, assisting our younger generation in their entry into business and the professions and finding exciting new ways to promote investment and bi-lateral business relations with Armenia. The meeting elected a nine person board. They are the following: Hovsep Seraydarian President Founder, Digilite Web Solutions Inc. Vatche Pirjanian Vice-President Manager, Commercial Sales, Global Transaction Banking, Scotiabank. Vahan Ajamian, CPA, CA, CFA Treasurer Equity Research Associate, TD Securities Ara Hasserjian, P.Eng. Secretary Director of Business Development, Rex Power Magnetics Razmig Boghossian, CPA, CA, CFA Advisor Investment Banking Associate, CCC Investment Banking Peter Baghdassarian Advisor President, AIC Wireless Inc. Vahram Pirjanian Advisor President, Metras Shipping & Forwarding Inc. Diko Nahabedian Advisor President/Sales Director, RAD Business Solutions Mark Cavdar Advisor Student-at-Law, Dentons Canada

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Genocide Monument in Laval Inaugurated (Horizon Weekly) The Canadian-Armenian community gathered on October 20 for the unveiling ceremony of an Armenian Genocide monument in Laval, the third largest city in Quebec and the first Armenian Genocide monument in Canada. Leaders of all Armenian denominations gathered at the monument, called Crucifixion, Resurrection, Rebirth, and performed the religious blessing ceremony, while community leaders, among them the chairman of the Joing Monument Committee, Sako Yacoubian, c o m m i t t e e m e m b e r, H o v i g Tufenkndjian and chairman of Canada s Genocide Centennial

Committee, Mher Karakashian all expressed the Canadian-Armenian community s commitment to justice. The monument s creator, sculptor Arto Tchakmakdjian, said the meaning of the monument is hope. Also speaking at the event was Armenia s Ambassador to Canada Armen Yeganian who called on the international community to recognize the Armenian Genocide. Local, regional and federal officials, past and present, were in attendance at the event and spoke about the need for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide and condemned the government of Turkey for its continued denial of the crime. The Armenian Genocide monument by artist Arto Tchakmakdjian being unveiled in Laval, Quebec, October 20.

Armenian National Committee of Toronto writes Letter to The Globe and Mail over column's inaccuracy Editor's Note: In response to a grossly inaccurate and fact-less opinion piece written by columnist Doug Saunders on October 19, 2013 in the Globe and Mail, the Armenian National Committee of Toronto sent the Globe and Mail's editorial staff the following letter. October 22, 2013 Ms. Sylvia Stead Public Editor The Globe and Mail Dear Ms. Sylvia Stead On behalf of the Armenian National Committee of Toronto (ANCT), I am emailing you to express our disappointment over Doug Saunders column published on October 19, 2013, entitled A Fight Over The Word 'Genocide' Is No Way To End The Aboriginal Crisis . I join my counterparts across the country, the Armenian National Committee of Canada, the Armenian Community Centre of Toronto, and the Sara Corning Centre for Genocide Education, in expressing my disappointment that your newspaper would carelessly allow such an article to be published. Mr. Saunders article is in line with the Turkish government s

denialist perspective rather than that of a legitimate journalist. He states that Many people, especially Armenians, consider it a genocide, although this definition is controversial a statement that couldn t be further from the truth. In reality, to honour the 50th Anniversary of the U.N. Genocide Convention on April 24, 1998, 150 concerned writers and scholars commemorated the Armenian Genocide of 1915 with a statement condemning the Turkish Governments denial of the Armenian Genocide. The Armenian Genocide has been recognized by dozens of Western governments, including the governments of Canada, Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia, despite the tens of millions of dollars spent by the perpetrators, the Turkish Government, in an effort to make the issue somehow seem controversial . Instead of applauding the Canadian Government for taking a firm and courageous stand on the issue of human rights, Mr. Saunders disgracefully mentions that it has not gone over well in Turkey , as though this may be more important than the systematic annihilation of millions of people. Turkey is a country in which journalists, academics, and

authors such as Hrant Dink, Ragip Zarakolu and Orhan Pamuk have been fined, imprisoned, and assassinated for speaking out about the Armenian Genocide. However, Mr. Saunders makes no mention of this. Perhaps pointing out this truth may also not go over well in Turkey. The writer then goes on to draw a distinction between the Armenian Genocide and the unambiguous genocides of European Jews and Tutsis in Rwanda. One wonders what sources Mr. Saunders had referred to when reaching his conclusions as to which genocides are legitimate. A further irony to his statement is that Raphael Lemkin, who coined the term genocide, did so largely based on the Armenian experience. We are also disappointed in your paper for printing such a baseless article, for it has historically been at the forefront of this matter for almost a century. On January 9, 1920, the predecessor to the current newspaper, The Globe launched The Call From Armenia campaign which eventually raised $300,000 to help the lives of Armenians during the genocide. Further, on April 24, 2004, your paper issued an editorial entitled Why Shouldn t MPs

Acknowledge Genocide? where you stated that The genocide of as many as 1.5 million Armenians in Ottoman Turkey was the first attempt to murder an entire nation in a century riven with them. It was a blueprint for Hitler. It is quite sad to see one of your journalists watering down your principled stance through this article. While I remain quite offended by this article, I believe it does serve as an opportunity for something positive. The Armenian National Committee of Toronto would like to see The Globe And Mail provide space for an article that presents an report about the Armenian Genocide including: the causes, the evidence and facts, and the industry of denial. It is only with the courage to report the truth and unequivocally call a spade a spade that humanity may move on to a world with no more genocides. Sincerely, Hratch Aynedjian Chairperson, Armenian National Committee of Toronto cc: Phillip Crawley, Publisher and CEO John Stackhouse, Editor in Chief

Hamazkayin Forum: It is about unity In the October 2013 issue of the Torontohye, we shared what one of our youth members, Hamazkayin Forum participant Chris Joly had to say about his experience at the Forum, in July 2013. In this issue, we share Garen Hasserjian s insightful thoughts. Garen is an active member of our youth; he is a graduate of the ARS Day School and

currently in his first year at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology, where he is pursuing his studies in engineering. Garen s story is one of unity. Here it is: Hamazkayin Regional Executive Board of Canada

The only way to move forward is to move together by Garen Hasserjian When I arrived in Yerevan, only a couple of days before the start of the Forum, I didn't know what to expect from many of the people I was about to meet. It was my sixth time in Armenia, but my first time meeting over thirty Armenians living outside of the homeland. I imagined the experience to be the same as any of the other five trips to Armenia. See monuments and landmarks, eat a lot of khorovadz , and go out during the night. I was wrong. I mean, all of those things did happen, but at the same time, I became friends with people I had never even known about, and the only thing we had in common was our ethnic background. From the very first day, I realized even though I'm meeting people from Australia, Cyprus, Syria, Dubai, etc., I was never expecting them to be so similar to

any of my friends back in Toronto. After the first couple of days, I already felt a certain bond with every person at the Forum. That's when I started to realize why I was even here. To me, the Forum is not about the sites, monuments, and amazing mountain views. Instead, it's about meeting all of these people that live away from the homeland, just like me. It is about unity. We are always told that we, the youth, are the future. This Forum shows each one of us that the only way to move forward is to move together. In only two weeks, I managed to learn why I, as a member of the Armenian youth, am so important. Every one of us who is a part of Armenian youth organizations learned how there is Forum participants visit the historic city of Dikranakert in Artsakh. so much we can do together to change the future of Armenia. together and realize what a great back with different memories, stories, As we approach the final days opportunity and experience our and impressions of one another, but of Forum and our final days in parents and elders have given us in we will always remember what a Armenia, we spend our last moments these past two weeks. We will all go difference this trip has made in our

lives, and what a difference we can make if we come together and unite in our homeland, Armenia.

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TORONTO ARMENIANS

A Run To Remember 2013 A Very Special Day

Half marathoners after the race

5K group starting point

by Sam Manougian

train throughout the year and walk or run. The committee had organized regular group training sessions for possible walkers, runners and even for experienced runners. It also helped to train the ARS school cross-country team and encouraged the students to enjoy running. Also, the committe initiated and ran a monthly column on Health, Fitness and Nutrition in the TorontoHye newspaper. They also created internal competition among the ARTR team members to encourage participants (especially the younger ones) to run instead of walk. Their efforts in this area seemed to yield much better results this year as more participants especially the younger ones ran this year instead of walking. Our incredible group of athletes recorded very impressive results at this year s race. They all did amazingly well and we are proud to say that they all improved their time from last year. That is an amazing accomplishment for our athletes. All the results are posted online. Here are the results for ARTR-2013 team. The top Full-Marathoner (42K) was once again Vahan Mahdessian. Vahan was running the marathon in memory of his Dad Serop Mahdessian. Our Half Marathon runners produced some incredible results. In the men s division we had 5 runners all breaking the 2 hour barrier. Our top men s Half-Marathoner was Scott Staffen (1:38). Scott who was running in memory of his Dad also ran a personal best improving his time from last year by 7 minutes. Armond Shaverdian (1:45) was second and he was running for the victims of the Armenian Genocide. He was followed closely by Carin Yeghiazarian (1:50), a few seconds behind was Armen Saatjian (1:50) and just squeezing in under 2 hours was first time half marathoner Stephan Shatara (1:59). Our top women Half Marathoners also posted excellent times. In first place was Fadwa Samara (2:04). In second place was first time half marathoner Anita Behnessilian (2:09) and followed closely by Armineh Boyadjian (2:10).

This year with 318 participants, the A Run To Remember team was the largest group yet and once again one of the largest out of 185 charities participating in the Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon Charity Challenge. Homenetmen Cambridge with 54 participants played a big role in the success of ARTR-2013. This year s race also had live coverage on CBC s website. The Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon is one of the largest marathons in Canada with over 27,000 participants from 60 different countries. The youngest runner on the ARTR team was 5 year old Ashoun Gabajouzian from Homenetmen Cambridge. The most senior runner on the ARTR team was 77 year old Bedros Pilavdjian who placed 9th in his age group among 27,000 runners. ARTR had a very large participation from Team Bekarian as many family and friends wanted to honour Greg Bekarian s memory by wearing his name proudly on the back of their T-shirts. The day started early. Participants started to arrive at the Armenian youth Centre in the early morning hours. First to arrive were the participants from Homenetmen Cambridge. Participants proudly wore the name of their loved ones and honourees on the back of their shirts. Even the very cool morning weather could not dampen their spirits as they were determined and driven to honour the memory of their beloved ones. This year the A Run To Remember committee went to great lengths to gather support for the event and to ensure the honorees were remembered in the best possible way. To do this the committee had created a website, a facebook page, published individual posters of the honourees, used ACC bulletin boards and the community media. The A Run To Remember committee also spent great effort to promote health and fitness and encourage the participants of all ages to

by Sam Manougian

Running for the victims of the Genocide

The 5K was a much larger field and our top male 5K runners were Saro Sarmazian (23:26) from Homenetmen Cambridge. A few seconds behind was Sako Kelebozian (23:51). He was followed closely by Vatche Kazarian (24:32). Our top female 5K runner this year was Ani Rock (Ghazarian) (29:04). A few seconds behin was Tamar Istanbul (29:44). Close behind was Tamar Krikorian (30:51), Sareen Sarmazian (31:00), Tamar Nersesian (32:19), Odet Shahverdian (35:04), 2 seconds behind was Zeina Mawagdeh (35:06) and 18 seconds behind was Nareh Ghookassian (35:24). Here are the top runners in their age group from the 5K event: Top 5 Year Old Ashoun Gabajouzian from Homenetmen Cambridge Top 8 Year Olds Christopher Gosdanian Shiraz Kaakedjian from Homenetmen Cambridge Michael Guglielmi from Homenetmen Cambridge Top 9 Year Olds Sevan Marcarian Garni Kupelian Top 10 Year Olds Taleen Kasbarian Gabriel Massis Injejikian from Homenetmen Cambridge Shahan Kaakedjian from Homenetmen Cambridge Top 11 Year Olds Tianna Ansourian from Homenetmen Cambridge Anoushig Gabajouzian from Homenetmen Cambridge Top 12 Year Olds Gabriella Guglielmi from Homenetmen

Cambridge Ariane Ghazarian Top 13 Year Olds Raffi Kelebozian Robert Merjianian Top 14 Year Olds Marc Merjanian Gassia Tatikian Top 15 Year Olds Sako Kelebozian Adom Tashjian Nareg Zargarian Edvin Yeritsian Marina Avaneci Top 16 Year Olds Johnny Derhovagimian Nareg Boyadjian Vatche Avanesi Top 17 Year Old Christopher Merjanian Top 18 Year Olds Vatche Kazarian Ishkhan Ghazarian Top 19 Year Old Alik Derderian Top 20 Year Old Christopher Joly Several of Greg Bekarian s friends ran their first half marathon in honour of Greg. One of them said after the race I was getting really tired on the course especially near the end but I could hear Greg telling me keep going you can do it and I finally made it to the finish line. This race had a very special meaning for me as it gave me the opportunity to honour Greg s memory on his birthday. I wouldn t trade this day for the world. Thank you ARTR .

ARS Lions Compete at SSAF Tournament

On October 16, the Toronto s ARS Day School cross-country team participated in the 2013 Small Schools Athletic Federation CrossCountry Meet at Sunnybrook Park. This was the first year that the ARS Day School had established a cross-country team and the first time that they were participating in the SSAF cross-country meet. They would be competing against much more experienced runners. The team had been training every day after school since the first week of school in September. This year the ARS Day School fielded a huge cross-country team of 37 students and had teams in 4 divisions: Boys under 10, girls under 10, boys under 12 and girls under 12. There is a special pride involved when a student is able to represent his or her school in athletic competition. It displays true character, dedication, commitment and discipline in addition

Girls under 10 start the race

to the improved health and physical fitness. These are all important lessons that we try to teach our children in school in addition to a strong academic education. On October 16 although the weather forecast called for steady rain the whole day,

A group picture of the participants

the team was ready and looking forward to participate in their first cross-country meet. Some of the students had previous experience running with the A Run To Remember team at the Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon but the majority had never experienced

competitive running in a cross-country race. The ARS team arrived at Sunnybrook Park by bus and was quickly introduced to the race course and the hundreds of runners from over 30 different schools. The runners were very see page 37

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Armenian Leaders Set For Sharp Pay Rise (RFE/RL)-The Armenian parliament debated a drastic increase in the salaries of high-level state officials, including President Serzh Sarkisian, which is sought by the government but rejected by most opposition forces. A relevant government bill submitted to the National Assembly applies to the head of state, government ministers, senior lawenforcement officials as well as parliament deputies. In particular, it would triple the monthly salaries of President Sarkisian, Prime Minister Tigran Sarkisian and parliament speaker Hovik Abrahamian. The president would get 1.3 million drams ($3,260) a month, almost nine times more than the current average wage in Armenia. Opposition lawmakers condemned the government initiative, saying that the country s political leaders have no moral right to earn much more without corresponding increases in other public sector salaries, pensions and social security benefits paid to low-income Armenians. These officials deserve dismissal, rather than a pay rise, said Nikol Pashinian, an outspoken deputy nominally affiliated with the Armenian National Congress (HAK). During their rule poverty in Armenia has risen from 27.6 percent to 35 percent and emigration has

intensified. One might think that the results of their tenure have been disastrous for Armenia because they have been poorly paid. What should Serzh Sarkisian s salary be raised for? For occupying Yerevan with tanks on March 1, 2008? Or for making Armenia an object of ridicule in Europe and Russia? charged Pashinian. He also condemned the fact that the government proposed the measure after deciding to scrap meager benefits paid to thousands of unemployed people. Another HAK lawmaker, Aram Manukian, rejected a government argument higher wages would decrease corruption among various state officials. Manukian argued that the Armenian judiciary remains rife with corruption despite the fact that judges currently earn even more than the president of the republic. Corruption can be eliminated only by a political will, said Manukian. Davit Harutiunian, a senior lawmaker from Sarkisian s Republican Party of Armenia (HHK), agreed with this assertion. But he insisted that the authorities will complement the pay rises with other anti-corruption measures. For his part, Galust Sahakian, the HHK s parliamentary leader, rejected the opposition criticism, saying that much better pay for top Armenian officials is a matter of the state s

Government To Scrap Unemployment Benefits (RFE/RL)-The National Assembly passed in the first reading a government bill that will abolish modest benefits paid to thousands of unemployed Armenians. According to government data, there are presently some 70,000 unemployed citizens registered with relevant divisions of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. Roughly 10,000 of them receive 18,000 drams ($45) per month from the state. The meager sum is the reason why most jobless people in the country do not bother to be officially registered. Government estimates put their number at around 200,000. The government said that the unemployment benefits are of little use to their recipients and should be scrapped altogether. Hakob Hakobian, the chairman of a parliament committee on social affairs, made similar arguments before the preliminary passage of the bill. He said the budgetary funds allocated for such assistance should be spent on

organizing retraining courses for people unable to find jobs. The opposition minority in the Armenian parliament categorically rejected these explanations. Opposition deputies said the government should on the contrary raise the benefits. One of them, Artsvik Minasian, said the government measure would breach a constitutional clause stipulating that Armenia is a social state. Another lawmaker, Naira Zohrabian, claimed that the government wants to save money for financing sizable wage increases promised to public sector employees. Some benefit recipients also denounced the measure, saying that even 18,000 drams has allowed them to meet some of their basic needs. It has been quite an assistance to people like me, said Sedrak Baghdasarian, an unemployed Yerevan resident. At least we can pay our utility bills with that money.

CivilNet Podcasts Daily News Digest in English from Yerevan

Civilnet's Armenia News Digests in English have quickly become part of the morning routine for hundreds of Armenians in North America and must-see television for Europeans and English-speaking diplomats and citizens of Armenia. "Every day in Armenia there are new developments in politics, economics, diplomatic relations, building a civil society and advocating for the rule of law and democracy," says Maria Titizian, who reports the news with co-anchor Paul Chaderjian. We report the individual stories that shape the fabric of what it s like to

be an Armenian in the 21st century." In this climate of change, CivilNet s news team is out covering the stories that elude local and diaspora Armenian media. We ve also recently started putting together a comprehensive daily digest in English to keep you informed in a timely manner, says Paul Chaderjian. We want to give you access to accurate and contextualized information in a language you understand and through the tools of modern media. CivilNet staffers like to boast that they are the only daily newscast that is being produced in English in Armenia and the Armenian Diaspora. All newscasts posted daily are on CivilNet s website (www.civilnet.am). Technology allows all of us to be part of the news, says Maria. And we can all be ambassadors of information, keep one another informed, mobilized and ready to navigate the modern Armenian experience. Civilnet was created by Salpi Ghazarian, the director of the Civilitas Foundation, two years ago and launched on Independence Day 2011. It produces research-based video reports and articles explaining not just what, but how and why of the news in Armenia and the region. Daily Digest was launched ahead of CivilNet s second anniversary.

President Serzh Sarkisian (L) and Prime Minister Tigran Sarkisian at a congress of the ruling Republican Party, Yerevan, March 2012.

dignity. If you don t want extra pay, donate it orphanages, he told opposition parliamentarians. The government bill is also opposed by deputies representing Raffi Hovannisian s Zharangutyun (Heritage) party and Gagik Ts a r u k i a n s P r o s p e r o u s A r m e n i a .

Zharangutyun s Zaruhi Postanjian called it immoral. But with the HHK controlling the majority of parliament seats, the government will almost certainly push the bill through the National Assembly.

Armenia Mulls Altering Eligibility Requirements For Presidential Candidates (RFE/RL)-Authorities in Yerevan have confirmed plans to make changes in the constitutional requirements concerning the eligibility of nominees to run for president. But they deny the proposed reform is tailored to any specific election needs. David Harutiunian, a ruling Republican Party lawmaker and member of the Constitutional Reform Commission (CRC), has confirmed to RFE/RL that the package of proposals sent to the Commission from the presidential administration also concerns the current norms under which an eligible presidential candidate must be a citizen and permanent resident of the country for at least 10 years preceding his or her nomination. He said, however, that this reform stems from the 2011 joint proposals of the Venice Commission and the OSCE s Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) concerning reforms of Armenia s Election Code. Harutiunian explained that still two years ago the Venice Commission and the OSCE/ODIHR suggested that the requirements for presidential hopefuls to have 10-year permanent residence and citizenship of Armenia be reconsidered as they found it to be disproportionate . Since the revision can be done only by amending the Constitution, President Serzh Sarkisian s chief of staff Vigen Sarkisian (no relation to the president) recommended that

the CRC discuss this matter, said the lawmaker. Harutiunian denied any internal political considerations behind the move. No, there isn t any domestic political issue involved, he emphasized. I recommend that you read the joint findings of the Venice Commission and the OSCE/ODIHR regarding the Election Code adopted in 2011. And you will see that they raise this issue, and even realizing that the matter concerns a constitutional prohibition, they still point out that there should not be such a requirement according to the European standards. Naturally, if there is a new European approach, we, of course, should reckon with this reality within the framework of the constitutional reforms, added the CRC member. According to Harutiunian, that does not mean that Armenia should accept this requirement by 100 percent . But not making it a matter of discussion would be very strange, he said. At the same time, Harutiunian said that stating with confidence that the proposed revision will necessarily be endorsed by the CRC is also wrong. Under the presidential decree issued in early September, the CRC is to come up with a concept of the reform by next April. It will have ten months to draft specific constitutional amendments after that concept is approved by the head of state.

Forbes to Be Published in Armenia The popular Forbes magazine, published and distributed in more than 55 countries since 1917, will soon be published in Armenia, making it the 27th international publication to publish in Armenia. Forbes, the magazine that ranked Armenia as the second-worst economy in the world two years ago, will be presented by the Media Partners company, responsible for publishing 12 issues of the magazine per year and running the forbes.am business portal. Forbes Armenia will also publish the Forbes Life magazine and other special editions of the magazine. In addition, Media Partners will initiate and organize business conferences, as is customary of Forbes. Forbes is a magazine about entrepreneurship, finance and investment, technology, leadership, and other business and

money-related topics. Forbes is commonly known for its periodic publication of rankings of the most wealthy, influential, and famous people in the world. According to official statistics, Forbes readers are economically active persons aged 26-45, usually CEOs, directors, mid-level managers and entrepreneurs. 61% of the readers is male, 39% is female. Gagik Yeghiazaryan is the publisher and chief editor of Forbes Armenia magazine, Shushan Harutyunyan is the chief editor of the forbes.am website. Forbes Armenia hopes to contribute to the creation and maintenance of professional and ethical business standards in Armenia, as well as to provide quality information necessary for the development of the business environment.

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ARMENIA

Conference Says Armenia s Emigration a Pressing Problem (Arka) A 35 percent poverty level combined with high unemployment remain the most common causes of migration in Armenia, Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Affairs Ara Petrosyan said at a conference on demographic challenges in Armenia, which was organized by the Labor and Social Affairs Ministry and the UN office in Armenia. According to the deputy minister, causes include the devastating earthquake in 1988 that was followed by the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Karabakh war, and the transport blockade imposed by Azerbaijan and Turkey. Among other acute problems, Petrosyan also mentioned the country s low birth rate, which hinders population growth. The birth rate is a serious predicament and an acute problem in developed countries, and Armenia is not exempt from this demographic problem, he said. UN Resident Coordinator in Armenia Bradley Busetto spoke about the importance of developing a policy that will not only mitigate the negative impact of these challenges, but also identify the positive sides and benefits of the current situation. The conference was attended by representatives of concerned government agencies and parliament members. According to the National Statistical Service (NSS), Armenia s population decreased by 15 thousand people in the first six months of this year when compared with the beginning of the year. According to the NSS, the negative migration balance exceeds the natural growth

of the population. In Jan.-June the birth rate exceeded the death rate by a factor of 1.3. At the end of June, the permanent population stood at 3.0119 million, of which 1.9044 million were urban residents while the rest were rural. Another challenging issue is the brain drain that accompanies Armenia s emigration. Brain drain deprives the country of its educated and intelligent individuals that could otherwise contribute to economic growth. Research professor of Arizona State University, Dr. Victor Aghadjanian, and Arusyak Sevoyan, researcher at the Australian Center for Migration and Population Studies, University of Adelaide, presented findings from their studies on Armenia. Victor Aghadjanian of Arizona State University introduced the impact of international migration on Armenian households. His survey in Tavush, Ararat, and Gegharkunik found that Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Affairs Ara Petrosyan migrant families are less likely to engage in farming. There is no evidence, he said, that people is determined by the lack of opportunities issues in education and the judicial sector. The rural migrant workers will earn money abroad for professional growth and development, as report states that the business sector is handled and return to their home to buy farming land well as the wish to live in a society with better by a group of people who are also directly and develop agriculture. In other words, protection of human rights, democracy, and involved in public administration, supervising migrants, on the whole, do not invest money governance. According to another survey specific areas or sectors of the economy. This covering the whole territory of Armenia, one makes smaller competitors vulnerable, causing in Armenia. Polls in the mentioned regions revealed third of all respondents plan on leaving the unemployment and unequal distribution of that the wives of married migrants are ready country in the next two years. In addition, income throughout the society, the report says. to leave Armenia with their children. Hence, employed respondents are looking to leaving The report also touches upon relations according to Victor Aghadjanian, migration for other countries in seeking higher pay and with the Diaspora. The authors of the report tends to uproot the economy. In this respect, better opportunities for use of their professional think it is necessary to draft a clear strategy Armenia s joining the Customs Union will qualifications. and action plan for repatriation and admission According to the survey, emigration is definitely have an impact, the expert says. of Diaspora Armenians returning to the boosted by systemic issues such as The report does not express any optimism. homeland. centralization of business and monopolies and The survey revealed that emigration of young

European Parliament Backs EU-Armenia Visa Facilitation

Armenia Hopes Open Skies Will Boost Economy

zvartnots (RFE/RL)-Armenian citizens will face fewer hurdles to travel to the EU for short stays, under an EU-Armenia visa facilitation agreement backed by the European Parliament. Members of the European Parliament at the same time gave their green light to an EU-Armenia agreement on the readmission of persons residing without authorization in the EU back to Armenia. The EU-Armenia visa facilitation agreement aims to facilitate the issue of short-stay visas for an intended stay of no more than 90 days per period of 180 days. The new rules will make the procedures quicker (the decision will have to be taken within 10 days, in urgent cases two days or less), cheaper (the visa fee for processing applications of Armenian citizens will amount to 35 euros) and less bureaucratic (the documents to be presented regarding the purpose of the journey have been simplified for some categories of persons, in particular for close relatives, members of official delegations, students, business people, journalists, scientists, etc). There are also simplified criteria for issuing multiple-entry visas. Armenian citizens who are holders of diplomatic passports are exempted from the visa requirement for short stays.

Armenia already exempts all EU citizens from the visa obligation since 10 January 2013. The simplified visa regime can bring a new impetus to cooperation, mainly to mobility of citizens, which is essential in building peopleto-people contacts, says rapporteur Edit Bauer. The EU has already concluded visa facilitation agreements with nine non-EU countries. From the South Caucasus countries, such an agreement exists only with Georgia so far, but negotiations with Azerbaijan are already under way. To balance the visa facilitation agreement, effective measures are also needed to prevent and control illegal migration flows, Ms Bauer adds. Readmission agreements go usually handin-hand with visa facilitation agreements. The objective of this agreement is to establish, on the basis of reciprocity, rapid and effective procedures for the identification and safe and orderly return of persons residing without authorization. The agreements will enter into force on the first day of the second month after the last party to ratify them notifies the other that it has done so.

Zvartnots airport

The liberalization of the aviation industry in Armenia will speed up economic growth for the country by up to one to two percent, according to Armenia s Minister of Economy Vahram Avanesyan who spoke at a recent cabinet session, which approved a program of actions to develop air traffic. Avanesyan said growth will be ensured by further development of the tourism industry and related services, since liberalization of aviation will lead to improvements in airline service quality and a decrease in ticket prices. Avanesyan stressed that liberalization implies removal of all obstacles for local and foreign air carriers. Any company that meets certain technical standards can operate flights, he said. There will be no restrictions for frequency of flights, for sizes or models of aircrafts or destinations. In July, the Armenian government ordered a careful study of Armenia s air traffic to McKinsey & Company to develop a program of measures based on the results of the study.

From October 22 to 25, 2013, the National Competitiveness Foundation of Armenia, in partnership with Air Arabia airlines, will be host to a delegation of major Indian media representatives in Armenia. Among the invitees are representatives from DNA newspaper, the Travel XP channel, Hindustan Times Brunch, Lonely Planet, Business India, and Outlook Traveler magazines. The objective of the trip is to increase Armenia s visibility in the Indian tourism market as an attractive travel destination and stimulate inbound touristic flows. During the trip the journalists will explore various tourist attractions of Armenia and will have the opportunity to enjoy the rich historical, cultural and spiritual heritage of the country, as well as national traditions and modern life in the country. The trip will result in a series of publications, photos and a television program about Armenia.

ARMENIA

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Report Analyzes Corruption in Armenia, Prescribes Political Reform Policy Forum Armenia (PFA)- a Washington-based international think tankannounced recently the publication of its State of the Nation report on Corruption in Armenia. A product of a multidisciplinary team of researchers and practitioners, the report brings to light many peculiarities of both wholesale and retail corruption in Armenia and offers mechanisms to reduce corruption. The report s main finding is that corruption s negative impact on Armenia s economy is substantial. Focusing on corruption faced by companies, for example, the report finds that with an estimated cost to large companies of approximately five percent of sales per year the highest among comparable countries corruption in Armenia erodes productivity and competitiveness of firms. On the policy side, the report makes a compelling case that the design and implementation of public policy in Armenia often serve the interest of the entrenched corrupt elite and not the country or its citizens. PFA s Executive Board member, Dr. Zaven Kalayjian, notes, By its nature, corruption is very difficult to detect, which is why the choice of methods and areas of study were made carefully to maximize the value added to the report. The team employed both quantitative techniques and case studies to help effectively gauge the extent of corruption and bribery taking place in various segments of the economy and public life in Armenia, from the judiciary and military to money laundering and

petty crime. The most striking finding was that corruption in Armenia is highly concentrated and puts in place insurmountable barriers for economic development and progress in the country. The overarching message of the report is that an effective handling of challenges facing Armenia should begin by forming a legitimate authority to oversee the new policy course on behalf of the people. This can be achieved only by a political power with incentives and capacity to spearhead a systemic change. At the moment, the feedback mechanism between power and people is broken in Armenia. This makes the country s ruling regime immune to any pressures from the electorate to perform better and fundamentally changes the incentives of individuals at the top of the ruling pyramid. Daron Acemoglu, Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the author of a recent bestseller Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty notes, Some say that Armenia is doomed to fail economically because of its geography or location in the world. But like so many other countries around the world and throughout history, its failure is due to corruption, unscrupulous politicians and weak institutions. It s not lack of opportunities but squandered opportunities that are at the root of Armenia s ills, and it can make progress only by confronting this fact and holding accountable those responsible for the failures. This wonderful report is a first step.

World Bank: Armenia s Entrepreneurial Activity Highest in Caucasus (ArmRadio) Armenia has by far the highest level of entrepreneurial activity among the countries of the Caucasus, according to the new World Bank report, Fostering Entrepreneurship in Armenia. Armenia s entrepreneurial culture is built largely on the very strong math and science foundation established during the Soviet era. However, it still needs to tackle bottlenecks to business growth and entrepreneurship, the report notes. The findings of the study, which are based on an Entrepreneurship survey conducted in 2012,were discussed during a one-day seminar, organized by the World Bank with participation from government agencies, representatives from higher education, and business enterprises and associations. The authors of the report, Fostering Entrepreneurship in Armenia, through the first of a series of planned stakeholder consultations, hope to facilitate the exploration of policy options that would lead to the enhancement of entrepreneurial activity in the country. Throughout the presentation, they discussed innovative activities in existing firms along with detailed case studies that complement the findings aimed at highlighting the determinants of high-growth entrepreneurship. One of the peculiarities of entrepreneurship in Armenia noted in the report was the unusually high educational attainment level, with 75 percent of firm founders having a postgraduate or doctoral degree. Armenian founders of firms in both high-tech and non-high-tech firms had similar education characteristics, while in Georgia, firms in high-tech sectors had the larger share of founders with a postgraduate degree or a doctoral degree. Armenian firms were found to be highly innovative according to recent research in which more than two-thirds of surveyed firms indicated that their products were either new or substantially improved versions of the previous ones. This was in sharp contrast with respondents in Georgia, where only 7 percent of surveyed firms indicated the same. More than 80 percent of the new products and services in Armenia were new to the market, and 3 percent

were new to the world. However, business entry and creation is low in Armenia with only 2 percent of Armenians owning a business compared to 4 percent of Georgians. It is encouraging to see that nearly 50 percent of the surveyed firms conducted R&D within the last five years, as the World Bank has committed to support the government s ambitious agenda of job creation through boosted competitiveness, said Jean-Michel Happi, World Bank Country Manager for Armenia. The study highlights the potential for this growth. It also supports the initial discussions around the need to minimize the skills mismatch, allowing the firms to grow to their full potential, as well as removing bottlenecks from the general business environment that impede able entrepreneurs with good ideas from starting a new venture and creating jobs. Despite the high level of entrepreneurial activity evidenced by the report, entrepreneurs in the country still face significant obstacles that require policy action as discussed in the report and presented during the seminar. It is concerning that in setting up or operating a firm, businesses experience difficulty recruiting highly skilled employees, face market risk or uncertainties, and difficulty finding necessary funding, said Aurora Ferrari, World Bank Sector Manager of Financial & Private Sector Development, Europe and Central Asia. Furthermore, continually changing taxation regulations and favoritism by government officials for well-connected individuals are serious impediments that highlight the need for further improvement of the governance in the country. Given the high level of entrepreneurial activity noted among Armenian entrepreneurs, tackling the major impediments to entrepreneurship will serve as a catalyst to accelerate Armenia s global competitiveness, Ferrari said. The seminar has helped initiate discussion around the report s recommendations to outline possible, suitable policy options for comprehensive reform in this area, with an increased role by the government and the private sector in supporting innovation and knowledgeled growth and job creation.

Echoing the same sentiment, Professor Anna Lee Saxenian, Dean of UC Berkeley s Department of Information notes, This datarich study penetrates the realities of governance in Armenia realities that have long been obscured. It confirms that political reform is essential to the national economic and social development. Going forward, the report offers a strategy of reducing corruption in Armenia, which is built on a principle of boosting individuals opportunities and freedoms otherwise restricted by corruption. In addition, the report provides detailed recommendations on how to fight corruption and mismanagement in sectors with highest corruption risks. It notes that assistance from the international community and the Diaspora are required for the people of Armenia to improve governance while forcing the entrenched corrupt elite to either reform or leave. Internally, credible actions would be required to prosecute senior level abuses, reform the judicial system, and institute a mechanism for re-claiming stolen assets. On the latter, the report lays out a blueprint for the Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative. Modeled on experiences of other countries and international laws and regulations that govern this area, the proposed initiative offers a framework for identifying illegally acquired assets held both in and outside of Armenia, seizing those assets, and holding and redistributing those assets (or the proceeds from their sale).

The report is intended to spur a debate on the issue of high-level corruption in Armenia and serve as a warning for corrupt officials that civil society organizations are ready to help identify and recover stolen assets irrespective of their location and return them to their rightful owners.

UNDP, Partners Initiate Gyumri Restorations

UN Resident Coordinator/UNDP Resident Representative in Armenia Bradley Busetto (center-left) with library staff, Gyumri.

The city of Gyumri is gifted with rich historical and cultural monuments. During centuries, a unique architectural style has been formed in Gyumri with more than 1,600 historical-architectural buildings covering an area of about 220 hectares (543 acres). Most of them were built in the same period the 19th and beginning of 20th centuries. However, during recent years the city s historical and cultural heritage has suffered due to the devastating 1988 earthquake and insufficient funding and investment from the public and private sectors. This, in its turn, has hindered community development and investment flows to the second largest city of Armenia. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in Armenia and the Armenian Ministry of Culture, with the financial support of the Government of Italy, have initiated a project aimed at regenerating the urban environment in the city of Gyumri, with the hopes of making it a more attractive place to live, visit, and work, contributing to its socio-economic revival. As part of the project, one of Gyumri s historical buildings constructed in 1860-1913 and

considered a constituent part of the history and architecture of the city was renovated to serve as a public library for the residents of the city. In addition, the project has so far employed about fifty skilled and semi-skilled workers, providing relevant on-job training. Bradley Busetto, UN Resident Coordinator/UNDP Resident Representative in Armenia, Hasmik Poghosyan, Armenia s Minister of Culture, and Bruno Scapini, Ambassador of Italy to Armenia, visited the city to inaugurate the renovated building. The governor of Shirak province, Felix Tsolakyan, and Mayor of Gyumri Samvel Balasanyan also took part in the inauguration ceremony. UNDP and its partners are convinced that targeted intervention will help preserve the cultural and historical heritage of the city, enhancing tourism opportunities and aiding socio-economic development in Gyumri. The improved image of the city will contribute to making it a more attractive place to live, work, and invest, said Bradley Busetto.

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OPINION

The Armenian obsession with churches

by Raffi Bedrosyan When someone visits Armenia for the first time, the tour itinerary invariably includes a multitude of churches and monasteries. Modern Armenia is the land of churches. Historic Armenia in Anatolia was also a land of churches, with nearly 4000 churches and monasteries. The Van Lake region alone had over 300 churches. The ancient City of Ani, dubbed the City of 1001 Churches, contained 40 churches. We are proud of our churches, awed at their architectural beauty and intricate construction techniques, amazed at their settings perched on inaccessible mountaintops. On the other hand, this obsession with churches, when combined with our tragic history, makes me wonder: I wish we had fewer churches to visit and instead, many more victory monuments like Sardarabad. I wish our Armenian kings, princes, political leaders and wealthy notables in the past had spent less time, talent, resources and money on these churches and instead, more on fortifications and defense of our lands and territories . When one delves more into the historic reasons why these churches are built, it becomes apparent that they are not necessarily built to meet the religious needs of the population, but rather to bring glory to the benefactor and perhaps to help him ease into heaven . Throughout history, our religious leaders have conditioned the benefactors that there is no better way to serve God, Jesus Christ and its Armenian folk than to build another church. Therefore, regardless of political, economic or social realities and upheavals, Armenians have continued building churches in both historic and modern Armenia, as well as in all corners of the world, often times disregarding other needs and priorities. This has been the case in medieval Armenian kingdoms in historic Armenia, continuing in Cilicia and Eastern Anatolia up until 1915, then in Diaspora and now in modern Armenia. The tradition continues today. When future generations look back into our present history of 22 year-old Armenia and Diaspora Armenians, they will see the challenges of establishing a new country from the ruins of

by Maria Titizian Being sentimental is a way of life for me. I wish I was less temperamental and could place a significant amount of distance between my mental health and my actual life, but I realize this is never going to happen. While it means I wear my heart on my sleeve, I have finally made my peace with this personal characteristic because it also allows me to be open to the splendor of life. I woke up to a beautiful sunrise on Sunday. As I slowly opened my eyes, I could see a streak of red and orange across the horizon. I smiled to myself, turned and went back to sleep. An hour later, my addiction to coffee finally woke me up. As I staggered into the kitchen to put the coffee on, out of the corner of my eye I saw the mountain. You would think that after all these years, it would just be another view that reveals itself from our balcony. Yet, I stood by the window for several minutes mesmerized and all the stress, frustration and troubles of the week before and, undoubtedly ahead, were momentarily forgotten. The two peaks were covered in snow, every detail of the mountain could be seen and the mountain ranges on either side were shimmering in the early morning sunlight. The sky was a glorious blue, and Yerevan lay before me, slowly waking up from the night s slumber. The day before had been overcast with sporadic rain showers. At one point a rainbow had stretched across the sky and as dusk was settling on our capital city, Ararat had vanished from view. In its place was a bright light, it was almost as if a spotlight was projected across the plains from where it soared up to the heavens. As the wind picked up, the clouds began to swirl about and only the slopes of the mountain could be seen. I suspected that the

the Soviet Empire, at the same time fighting the deadly Karabagh war, the closed borders and economic blockade by Turkey and Azerbaijan, simultaneously dealing with the disastrous 1989 earthquake, and most critically, the continuing depopulation of Armenia due to lack of employment and investment opportunities. And yet, despite these monumental tasks, they will also see examples of vast church building activities both in Armenia and Diaspora. In 1997, in the midst of urgent needs to reconstruct Armenia ravaged by the earthquake and Karabagh destroyed by war, Armenians did find the money to build the Saint Gregory Illuminator Cathedral in Yerevan. In 2001, Diaspora Armenians in Los Angeles did start the construction of a huge cathedral, while there was and is scarce money to keep Armenian schools open. In 2011, an oligarch donated all the funds to build the St Hovhannes Cathedral in Abovyan, while the starving local population had almost emptied the town. Just last month, wealthy Russian Armenians opened a vast new cathedral in Moscow. The Echmiadzin Catholicosate has become a state within a state, a Vatican-like complex expanding continuously with new buildings. The combined total expenditure on these large churches, as well as several other smaller church projects, easily exceeds $200 million. These projects are not funded from revenue-generating sources or regular budgets, but instead, from one-time significant donations of benefactors, mostly from the Diaspora. They will not generate any revenues, either, but will create a continuing need for additional donations for upkeep and maintenance. One wonders if these donations could be used for more worthwhile projects, such as helping Armenians remain in Armenia, or helping Armenians remain Armenian in the Diaspora. There seems to be a widely accepted belief that neither the government nor the church are in touch with the concerns and needs of the common people. During a recent private audience with the Catholicos, he was asked what the Church can do to keep our youth more interested in the Armenian church

and attached closer to their Armenian roots. His curt response was that this should be done at home and at school . The much anticipated Bishops Synod, assembled last month for the first time in 600 years, did not produce any tangible resolutions to address concerns of the common Armenian, be it in Armenia or the Diaspora. Most benefactors do not want or trust to invest in Armenia due to the fear that government corruption and bribes will make their investment useless and therefore, will not generate economic benefits for themselves nor help the Armenian population. Unless the government takes concrete steps to change the valid perception that investments only end up in the hands of the governing oligarchs, there will not be much participation in the desperately needed economic growth of Armenia, which is essential to keep the Armenians from leaving Armenia. In the meantime, the church leaders just continue preaching the tried and true convincing argument that the most beneficial donation a benefactor can make for himself and his family is giving to the church. Of course, there are truly worthwhile church building and restoration projects, with strategic and significant benefits for all Armenians. One example is the restoration of the Ghazantchetsots Church in Shushi, undertaken immediately after the Karabagh war. During the war, Azeris controlling Shushi had used this historic church as an arms depot and military centre, while continuously bombarding Stepanakert down below in the valley. Their reasoning was that Armenians would never attack and fire on their own church. When Armenian commandos victoriously entered Shushi in May 1992, they found the church in shambles, burnt, desecrated and full of human excrement. Today, it stands as a symbol of victory against all odds. The other critical restoration project is the total reconstruction of the Diyarbakir/Dikranagerd Surp Giragos Church in Turkey in 2011, the first time an Armenian church was restored as an Armenian church in historic Armenia after being destroyed in

1915. This project is strategically significant for a number of reasons: First, the restored church became concrete evidence against the denialist state version of history of the government of Turkey, demonstrating that there was a large Armenian presence in Anatolia before 1915. Secondly, it immediately became a religious and cultural centre helping the Turkish and Kurdish population of Turkey understand the realities of 1915, through media events, conferences and concerts. Thirdly, the foundation which restored the church started the process to reclaim the properties belonging to the church but confiscated after 1915, with several properties already secured through negotiations and courts, for the first time since 1915. Fourth, the church became a living genocide memorial, attracting tens of thousands of Armenian visitors from Diaspora and Armenia annually, helping start a dialogue and better relationship with liberated Kurds and Turks who have faced the historical truths of 1915, and now demand their government to do so. Last but not least, the most significant outcome of the restoration of this church, has been the emergence of the hidden Armenians. Islamicized Armenians have started coming out , visiting and praying in the Church, getting baptized, participating in Armenian language courses, helping build an Armenian museum on the church grounds, contributing to the security and administration of the church, demanding acceptance of their real identity by the government, and so on. The church acts like a magnet for these people, with over one hundred people visiting daily on average, coming from all over Anatolia, not just Diyarbakir, trying to find their Armenian roots. New initiatives underway to restore and reclaim other destroyed Armenian churches and monasteries in historic Armenia will help accelerate all these outcomes. In conclusion, it is my sincere hope that future government and church leaders, as well as future benefactors, will decide more wisely on what projects to invest in, giving higher priority to the needs and wants of the Armenian people than their own.

The Mountain next morning, the view would be spectacular, and the mountain certainly did not disappoint, it never does Our collective obsession with Mt. Ararat might seem a bit exaggerated at times. There isn t an Armenian on the planet who hasn t seen a photo or a depiction of it. Most Armenian families have paintings of Ararat on the walls of their homes. I know we did. I also remember the first time I saw it with my own eyes. Some thought that the novelty would wear off after living in its shadow for over 12 years, but it doesn t. It s what gives us energy, strength and hope. Researching, writing and reporting the news for a living in our country can be taxing on the human spirit. Reporters and journalists in Armenia are among the most cynical people, with good reason we are intimately aware and informed of what takes place. One of my colleagues, an Armenian language editor who on the surface appears to be very calm and even keeled, said something the other day that stopped me in my steps. Not because I didn t share his frustration or disagree with his formula for shaking things up in the country but for the fact that even someone like him was so flustered at the apparent idiocy around us that he suggested unorthodox methods of getting the regime to smarten up as it were. This is what Armenia does to people, sometimes. Something as simple as road works in the downtown core can trigger the most aggressive reactions in people. Tumanyan Street, which runs parallel to Sayat Nova was closed off between Teryan and Mashots Avenue as construction workers and equipment were brought in early one weekday afternoon. It is October in Yerevan weather can be unpredictable with unexpected precipitation, which can hamper any kind of construction.

Workers started ripping apart a perfectly good road in the middle of the week, during rush hour. At first we were unperturbed. Then people began asking one another why the road was being repaved. And the more we spoke about it and saw the commotion and traffic jams it was creating in the city, the angrier and more frustrated we became. What was the logic? There are plenty of streets that are in desperate need of repair and repaving. Why was Tumanyan receiving this special treatment? No one had the answers, none of us really ever get to the bottom of what transpires. The city administration issues a standard statement about the reasoning behind it, throws some numbers and figures into the mix to justify their actions. You are initially appeased and then you hear an alternative explanation making its way on the grapevine, more like an innuendo, or accusation of impropriety or trace of corruption and your head explodes because it s just too much. You realize that getting angry or frustrated

is simply impacting your health, both mental and physical, and you shouldn t let it get to you. But you are invested in a way you never were at any other time or anywhere else. So, you add it to the endless list of unexplainable behavior. And as the list gets longer, you convince yourself that you have to work harder, dig deeper and make sure this kind of nonsense is brought to an end all the while knowing that it just might be hopeless. You go home deflated, frustrated and you drive everybody at home crazy and then fall asleep. And then you wake up to the mountain and realize that all of this unexplainable behavior is temporary, as is the ruling regime and what is solid is the land. It is our connection to it, real or imagined, that has allowed us to survive. You realize that Mt. Ararat is more than a mere symbol of Armenianness, of identity, it is the one majestic and silent witness to your successes and failures and the only way to reciprocate its patience and energy is to never lose yours.

HAI TAD

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European Court of Human Rights Provides More Options to Sue Turkey Harut Sassounian While there is frequent talk about the pursuit of Armenian claims against Turkey in the International Court of Justice (World Court), the possibility of taking legal action in the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is rarely mentioned, despite its distinct advantages. The key difference between the two courts is that only governments can file lawsuits in the World Court, while any individual, group or state can take legal action in the ECHR, giving Armenians countless possibilities for lawsuits against the Turkish state. Litigants before ECHR must first exhaust all domestic remedies and be from one of the 47 member states of the Council of Europe, which includes Armenia and Turkey. It is not a coincidence that Turkey leads the list of countries being sued in ECHR, as in the last two and half years alone, over 20,000 cases have been filed against that country. Contrary to popular belief, Turkey has no choice but to comply with all ECHR judgments if it wants to maintain its membership in the Council of Europe. This explains why the Ankara

government has diligently paid tens of millions of dollars to litigants after losing hundreds of ECHR judgments. A case in point is ECHR s October 1, 2013 decision against Turkey , in which the court awarded over 5 million euros (close to $7 million) to two Greek brothers, Ioannis Fokas and Evangelos Fokas, who live in Katerini, Greece. The Turkish courts had barred them from inheriting their sister Polikseni Pistika s buildings in Turkey because of their Greek nationality. In their lawsuit, the Fokas brothers claimed that they had been deprived of the ownership and use of three immovable properties in the Beyoglu district of Istanbul, namely three buildings and land, which they were entitled to inherit from their sister. The expropriated properties consisted of an eight-story building worth 3.3 million euros, a six-story building worth 1.4 million euros, and a four-story building worth 400,000 euros, based on the appraisal by an Istanbul real estate agency. The ECHR found that the Turkish courts refusal to recognize the applicants status as heirs constituted an interference with their right to peaceful enjoyment of their possessions and

that such interference was incompatible with the principle of lawfulness . Accordingly, recognition of the applicants as the heirs of Polikseni Pistika would place them in the position they would have been in, had the State [Turkey] not expropriated the deceased s property. In those circumstances, an award of compensation for the pecuniary loss seems to be the most appropriate just satisfaction (see Nacaryan and Deryan vs. Turkey, no. 19558/02 and 27904/02, <<<<16-17, January 8, 2008). The Court considers that such an award principally corresponds to the amount that the applicants could legitimately expect to have obtained as compensation for the loss of their property, had there been a mechanism to request such compensation. Based on the above ruling, the European Court awarded the Greek brothers 5 million euros for their expropriated real estate, as well as compensating them for their anguish and frustration which the applicants must have experienced over the years in not being able to use their properties. The Court ordered the Turkish government to pay the amount of the award to the applicants within three months. In the referenced Nacaryan and Deryan

vs. Turkey case, ECHR found that the Turkish courts had also violated the rights of YeranJanet Nacaryan and Armen Deryan by claiming that as Greek citizens, they could not inherit the property of their deceased relative in Turkey on the ground that the condition of reciprocity between Greece and Turkey had not been met. ECHR declared Turkey guilty and awarded the two Greek-Armenian applicants a total of 500,000 euros. At the international conference of Armenian lawyers held in Yerevan last July, Constitutional Court Chairman, Gagik Harutunyan, announced the formation of a committee of experts to study the legal merits of filing a lawsuit against Turkey to remedy the massive losses resulting from the Armenian Genocide. Given the fact that ECHR provides for European Council litigants many more opportunities than the World Court, the recentlyformed Armenian committee of legal experts should cast a wider net in considering the possibilities of filing lawsuits against Turkey in the European Court of Human Rights, as well as in national and international courts.

ANCA Rallies Against White House Block of Orphan Rug VVANCA Rallies Against White House Block of Orphan Rug Asks White House and Congress to Secure Permanent, Prominent Display of this Powerful Symbol of Shared American and Armenian Heritage Armenian-Americans across the U.S. are calling upon the White House and Congress to secure a prominent and permanent public display of a historic rug woven by Armenian Genocide orphans and presented to President Calvin Coolidge in 1925, in appreciation for

Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Philip Kennicott, reported, There was hope that the carpet, which has been in storage for almost 20 years, might be displayed December 16th as part of a Smithsonian event that would include a book launch for Hagop Martin Deranian s President Calvin Coolidge and the Armenian Orphan Rug. But on September 12th, the Smithsonian scholar who helped organize the event canceled it, citing the White House s decision not to loan the carpet. In a letter to two Armenian American organizations,

An image of the Armenian Orphan Rug, 11'7" x 18'5", and comprised of 4,404,206 individual knots. It took the Armenian girls in the Ghazir Orphanage of the Near East Relief Society 10 months to weave.

U.S. humanitarian assistance in the aftermath of Turkey s murder of over 1.5 million Armenians from 19151923, reported the Armenian National Committee of America. The ANCA campaign was initiated after The Washington Post reported, earlier this week, that a planned December 16th Smithsonian Institution exhibit featuring the rug, organized in conjunction with the Armenian Cultural Foundation and the Armenian Rug Society, was abruptly cancelled when the White House, reversing an earlier affirmative decision, refused to lend the iconic symbol of American and Armenian shared heritage to the museum. Washington Post staff writer and

Paul Michael Taylor, director of the institution s Asian cultural history program, had no explanation for the White House s refusal to allow the rug to be seen and said that efforts by the U.S. ambassador to Armenia, John A. Heffern, to intervene had also been unavailing. Kennicott described the controversy as a sign of the Obama administration s dismal reputation in the Armenian American community that everyone assumes must be yet another slap in the face for Armenians seeking to promote understanding of one of the darkest chapters in 20th-century history. The White House response thus far has been vague with National

Security Staff Assistant Press Secretary Laura Magnuson offering the following comment to the Asbarez Armenian Newspaper: The Ghazir rug is a reminder of the close relationship between the peoples of Armenia and the United States. We regret that it is not possible to loan it out at this time. A statement with the same exact wording was released by the White House last week and included in Kennicott s article. The White House should simply come clean, said ANCA Executive Director Aram Hamparian. It s time for the White House to open up about Turkey s role, and lay out all the facts about its decision to block the Smithsonian s exhibit of the Armenian Orphan Rug a historic, Armenian Genocide-era work of art that speaks powerfully to the common values and shared experiences of the American and Armenian peoples. In a letter sent earlier today to President Obama s Chief of Staff, Denis McDonough, ANCA Chairman Ken Hachikian reminded the White House that upon receiving the rug, President Coolidge wrote, The rug has a place of honor in the White House where it will be a daily symbol of goodwill on earth. I ask you, in this spirit, to remove any obstacles to the Smithsonian s display of this historic artwork and to secure a prominent and permanent public home for this powerful symbol of America s humanitarian values and friendship with the Armenian people, continued Hachikian. Placing this latest controversy in context, Hachikian noted that: since taking office, President Obama has not only failed to recognize the Armenian Genocide, but has actively blocked Congressional legislation (H.Res.252, 111th Congress) to commemorate this atrocity and, through his Solicitor General, officially opposed efforts in the U.S. courts (Arzoumanian v. Munchener Ruckversicherungs-Gesellschaft

President Calvin Coolidge pictured standing on the rug with Near East Relief Vice-Chairman, Dr. John Finley. Source: Barton, Story of Near East Relief, 362. Courtesy: The Missak Kelechian Collection. As published in "President Calvin Coolidge and the Armenian Orphan Rug," by Dr. Hagop Martin Deranian.

Aktiengesellschaft AG) to allow American citizens to pursue Genocide-era property claims. In addition, the Administration has regularly sent senior officials to speak at events organized by Armenian Genocide deniers, while refusing repeated invitations to simply attend Congressional observances of this atrocity. In these areas, and, sadly, many more, the President has not simply failed to honor his pledge, but rather in both letter and spirit worked to fundamentally undermine

and reverse the very policies he pledged to pursue. According to Dr. Hagop Deranian, the Armenian orphan rug measures 11¢'277²'3f x 18¢'275²'3f and is comprised of 4,404,206 individual knots. It took the Armenian girls in the Ghazir Orphanage of the Near East Relief Society 10 months to weave. A label on the back of the rug, in large hand-written letters, reads IN GOLDEN RULE GRATITUDE TO PRESIDENT COOLIDGE.

2013 î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 97 34 Â.ÜàÚºØ´ºð

BOOK REVIEW

Love and War: The Story of a Girl in Occupied France All The Light There Was

By Nancy Kricorian

Boston & New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2013) 279 pages, $24.00 by Nanore Barsoumian Anarchists, communists, liberals, Jews, émigrés Frenchmen from all walks of life resisted the Nazi occupation in France and the Vichy regime during World War II. They collectively made up what is referred to as the French Resistance. Armenians also joined the struggle, in defense of the France they had come to love. History often belongs to the boldest, the great men and a handful of women who defined their time. From the ranks of the Armenian fighters, a few names stand out, chief among them the poet Missak Manouchian, a Communist who commanded the Manouchian Group. But there were others whose stories, acts of heroism, and contributions to the Resistance went by unnoticed. Nancy Kricorian s recent novel, All The Light There Was, peers into the everyday struggle on the domestic front, and offers an unlikely heroine an Armenian girl who comes of age during the Nazi occupation of France. All the Light There Was is a story of loss, love, and finding the guiding light when darkness prevails. Kricorian paints a palpable reality, ushering in the tribulations, uncertainties, and fears that her characters had to face. The story unfolds from the perspective of the 14-year-old Maral Pegorian. Time passes through a different stream often in fragments marked by different pronunciations of love for the pubescent Maral. For instance, when she meets Andon, a suitor, time seems to pass in weekly increments as she sees him only on Sundays. This is the story of how we lived the war, and how I found my husband, offers Maral early in the book. It is also about the smaller ways in which war affects those condemned to live

it (like the meals made of bulgur and turnips), the sacrifices, and the bonds and love that nudge survivors on. Through her narrator, Kricorian offers us a commentary on women s roles, and on the demands and expectations an Armenian girl grapples with. Had the story been narrated by Maral s mule-headed brother Missak or his friend Zaven both aiding the resistance a decidedly revolutionary narrative would have emerged. Had it been written by Maral s father, a shoe-cobbler with an affinity for lengthy political discussions, or her mother Azniv, the story may have turned to the politics and events of the time, or about motherly love and grief. But with Maral, the story is told from the physical confines of a young woman living under her parents roof. Her home, school, friends homes, the Armenian Cathedral, and the parks near her house outline the boundaries of her physical world. Envious of her brother and his friends who are allowed to flirt with fate, Maral often finds herself rebelling against the gender mold she is stuffed into, and being treated like a hen in a coop. Even though the predominant setting is the household replete with activities such as knitting, cooking, and washing Maral attempts to burst out of that narrow world. At times she succeeds, running through the streets of Paris as authorities crack down on marchers. Other times, her escape is through her brother and his stories. Hers is a story of resilience, emotional and physical. Maral is also a hero allowing compassion to lead her actions as she takes the initiative to save the life of her Jewish neighbors three-year-old daughter, Claire. The fate the Jews seemed to face reminded the older Armenians of the horrors they experienced only two decades before. The child is an

National Center for Armenian Remembrance Inaugurated in France

The building of the National Center for Armenian Remembrance, in Décines, France

On October 20, French Minister of Culture Aurelie Filipetti inaugurated the National Center for Armenian Remembrance (Centre National de la Mémoire Arménienne) in the French city of Décines. For this occasion the Minister declared, Never forget what happened in 1915. The facts are established, and the Armenian Genocide was recognized by law in the Republic. The propaganda of its deniers can not be accepted, Filipetti continued. Therefore, with the commitment of President François Hollande, the government is considering legal means to ensure the observance of these principles established by our Constitution and our

international and European obligations , she said, referring to recently renewed efforts to make the denial of the Armenian Genocide illegal in France. The center, housed in an ultra-modern building of 900 square meters, has a library, an archival chamber of 100 sq. meters and a conference room. The Center s collection is comprised of about 12,000 books and 110,000 documents, part of which is processed, standardized and digitized. The works cover the history, memory, language, culture, and art of the Armenian community of France and Europe.

orphan. The same as we were. Except we saw it all. Our parents dead before our eyes. Bodies in the dirt. Children with big bellies and heads, arms and legs skinny like spiders. It is the same thing again, Azniv, the way they sent us to die in the desert, says Aunt Shakeh to her sister, Azniv, in a rare reference to the genocide. The narrative of the past the deportations, killings, separations, orphanages dictates how Armenians see and respond to the events unfolding around them. However, Maral observes that the topic of Armenian Genocide rarely surfaces in conversation. She explains: It was strange that I knew so little about what they had gone through, especially as it seemed to loom like a vast, amorphous shadow over our lives. My mother and my aunt referred vaguely and ominously to what they called the Massacres or the Deportations. If I asked a question about that period in the Old Country, my mother would say darkly, It s better not to talk about those times. Auntie Shakeh would go pale and invoke God. So after a while, I stopped asking, and it was all I could do to keep from rolling my eyes when they made their dire, cryptic references. All The Light There Was is a powerful story of how ethnic bonds can blur allegiances. We encounter Armenians among Nazi collaborators, Allied soldiers, and resistance fighters. We meet Andon the collaborator, whose family hailed from Moush. Andon joined the Wehrmacht after he was recruited from a German camp, where he was being held as a Soviet prisoner of war. We meet Zeitountsi Hrant, the American soldier from New York. And there are the Armenian Resistance fighters like the Kacherian brothers, Zaven and Barkev. They all have a bond that connects them: They are the children of genocide survivors dispersed across the globe. And so, the

Armenian identity comes first before the other, hyphenated identity. In one revealing moment, Maral s friend Jacqueline, upon meeting Andon, says, I know that under that German uniform, there beats an Armenian heart. Maral is at the intersection of all these identities, and it appears she is tasked with reaffirming these bonds, sometimes with as little as a symbolic kiss. War emerges as a miasma of dead romances, dead boys, POWs, food shortages, tuberculosis, hunger, betrayal, and the hellholes they called work camps. Following news of the death of a loved one, Maral sees her loss and pain not as uniquely hers but as an affliction that indiscriminately targets victims everywhere: I didn t know what to feel or think. I observed the three of us from above, small people in a small apartment, bent with grief. This scene was playing itself out in apartments and houses all across the city, all across the continent, and all around the world. The war was a great factory of suffering, all of it fashioned by human hands. All the Light There Was is a story of loss, love, and finding the guiding light when darkness prevails. As Maral s father says, This world is made of dark and light, my girl, and in the darkest times you have to believe the sun will come again, even if you yourself don t live to see it.

Yerevan State University Now Open to the Diaspora

Comprehensive distance learning program launched in Armenian Studies The Distance Learning Laboratory at Yerevan State University (YSU) announced recently the launch of DistanceLearning.am a pioneering program of English-language courses, which can be taken by anyone with access to a computer. For too long our language, culture, and history have been kept in select universities of the world, said Dr. Artashes Khurshudyan, director of the virtual program. But now we must deliver to the demand of the 21st century. Contemporary education itself must be democratized and become as accessible as possible. This distance learning program will also contribute to the dissemination of Armenian issues across the world. For years the Distance Learning

Laboratory, which is housed in the Department of Sociology, has been developing this program which is the University s first diaspora-oriented initiative. Now Armenians everywhere are invited to take YSU-certified courses in the various eras of Armenian History, Genocide, Comparative Genocide, and the Armenian Diaspora. These have been developed by leading experts, scholars, and professors from all over the world. DistanceLearning.am is a virtual university in itself, Khurshudyan added, a virtual university where courses in Armenian Studies are being taught 24 hours a day. At any moment anybody in the world can walk into our university and begin or continue his education.

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ÜàÚºØ´ºð 2013 Â. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 97

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ÜàÚºØ´ºð 2013 Â. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 97

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ARS Lions Compete...

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happy to see that it did not rain and the sun actually came out for brief periods. After the team found a good location to set up camp and settled down they were ready to watch and cheer on their teammates. The first division to run was the boys under 10 division which was 1.8 Km. The ARS team made a strong showing with Jano Pilavdjian leading the way, followed closely by Raffi Gulesserian, Aramis Lerma-Garabedian and Daniel Sorhuncu. Then it was the girls under 10 division which was also 1.8 Km. Leading the ARS team was Soffi Avakian who was followed closely by Megheti Bekmezian, Karnie Karshafian, Carla Melik-Terminas, Sevan Marcarian, Emma Matossian, Sara Bayrakdarian, Penella Constas, Celine Ebrahimian and Elizabeth Kandaharian. The next event was the boys under 12 division which was 2.8 Km. The ARS had a very large team in this division and had excellent results. Leading the way for the ARS team was Artur Shekyan. Following close behind were Davit Barsamyan, Nareg Saghdejian, Pazeh Ghazarian, Hagop Kiljian, Shahan

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Terzian, Sahag Kerkmezian, Alexander Paddon, Aren Grigorians, Arthur Andonian, Ashot Karapetyan, Daniel Tcherkesian, Alex Akelian, Vrej Keuhnelian, Jacob Lin and Razmig Kababejian. The last event of the day for the ARS team was the girls under 12 division which was also 2.8 Km. Leading the ARS team was Carmen Dean, followed closely by Caroline Shahverdian, Tveen Karadjian, Nareh Bekmezian, Garine Matossian, Garni Kupelian and Natalie Torossian. The ARS team performed extremely well in all divisions and all the runners ran a personal best during the competition. Participants received ribbons for their achievement. This year the ARS cross-country team gained valuable experience in athletics and competition which they will use to their advantage next year and future competitions. The experience also improved their confidence as now they know that they are able to compete successfully against many others in their age group and other schools. The team will continue to train throughout the year and will be much tougher to beat next year. Next year with the support of the parents and coaches we hope to field additional teams in the under 8, under 14 and under 16 divisions.

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Karin Saghdejian

Administrator

Hovig Sarkissian (647-890-0762)