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GRADE 2 PACING GUIDE

Lesson Title

Lessons

Introduction to Writing, Planning Planning Introduction Paragraph Middle Paragraphs Middle Paragraph Practice, Review Conclusion Paragraph, Introduction and Conclusion Practice Modeling, Lined Paper Test, Transition Words Practice, Conferences/Revisions Test, Checklists Test, Writing Around the Room

Lessons 1-2 Lessons 3-4 Lessons 5-6 Lessons 7-8 Lessons 9-10 Lessons 11-12 Lessons 13-14 Lessons 15-16 Lessons 17-18 Lessons 19-20 Lessons 21-22

Week # SECTION 1: EXPOSITORY WRITING

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

SECTION 2: INFORMATIVE WRITING

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Planning Introduction Paragraph Middle Paragraphs Middle Paragraphs, Conclusion Paragraph Modeling, Test Review/Revise, Transition Words Test, Conferences/Revisions Test, Checklists Test Review Week

Lessons 23-24 Lessons 25-26 Lessons 27-28 Lessons 29-30 Lessons 31-32 Lessons 33-34 Lessons 35-36 Lessons 37-38 Lesson 39

Planning Introduction Paragraph Middle Paragraphs, Text Evidence Middle Paragraphs, Conclusion Paragraph Modeling, Test Review/Revise, Transition Words Test, Conferences/Revisions Test, Checklists Test

Lessons 40-41 Lessons 42-43 Lessons 44-45 Lessons 46-47 Lessons 48-49 Lessons 50-51 Lessons 52-53 Lessons 54-55 Lesson 56

Introduction to Narrative Writing, Planning B Paragraph Middle Paragraphs, Ending Paragraph Modeling, Transition Words, Checklist Dialogue, Test Conferences/Revisions, Test

Lessons 57-58 Lessons 59-60 Lessons 61-62 Lessons 63-65 Lessons 66-67 Lessons 68-69

SECTION 3: OPINION WRITING

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 SECTION 4: NARRATIVE WRITING

31 32 33 34 35 36

SECTION 5: ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES AND STRATEGIES

37 38 39 40

Highlighter Activity, Race Against the Clock You Write/They Write, Fancy Transitions Opinion Practice, Informative Practice Opinion Practice, Informative Practice

Lessons 70-71 Lessons 72-73 Lessons 74-75 Lessons 76-80

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 23

WRITING: LESSON 23 Today the students will practice planning for informative prompts in response to a text they read. In the previous section of this curriculum, students learned how to plan for expository prompts using the IRC outline. Remind students that expository, explanatory, and informative all mean the same thing – to explain or give information. They will still be using an IRC outline to plan, but we will change the “R” to a “T.” The “T” stands for Topic. Instead of planning for random prompts, they will be planning for prompts in response to the text that they have just read. Students will write about 3 Topics. Explain to students that for the informative writing test, they will be given 2-4 passages to read that all have a similar topic/theme. After reading the text, they will be given a prompt that directs them to write something about what they just read. That is when they will need to plan their essay and then write a 5-paragraph essay just like they learned in the previous section. Here are a couple of examples to explain to the students: • Let’s say you just read three passages on sea creatures. You are then directed to write to the following prompt: Think about what you read about sea creatures. Using information from the text, explain what you learned about sea creatures.

• Another example is if you were given two passages about Florida. After reading the passages, you are given the following prompt: Write to inform your reader about Florida. As you can see, for both examples your prompt is based on what you just read. Instead of just writing about your favorite animal or a special person in your life, you will be writing about the information you are given from passages. When planning, you will need to come up with your 3 topics (T1, T2, and T3) based on the text.

The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Ice Skating What Is Soccer?

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 23

Read passages aloud to the class. (Or you can read one aloud and have students independently read the other.) 1. Write this prompt on the board: After reading the articles, think about what you learned about sports. Now write to inform your reader about sports.

2. Using the ITC outline, model planning for this prompt using the outline below.

**When planning for this, remind students that they are not coming up with 3 reasons. They are choosing 3 topics to teach/explain to their reader about sports. They can pick any 3 things they want from the passages, but they have to make sure they are BIG (broad) things that they can write a lot about. Students will have to read 2-4 passages. When picking the 3 topics, they do not have to use all of the passages. For example, if they have 4 passages, they may only use 2 of them to get their 3 topics from. They can use all of them, but they do not have to. When picking their 3 topics, students need to put a box around the information and then label their “A” and “B.” *see example below

T1 Skate Sports

Ice skating is used in different sports. Figure skating is commonly seen on TV. In figure skating, people use skates on ice. Figure skating allows people to spin and jump on ice.

Speed skating is another form of ice skating. Teams compete with each other to race. It can be done in long, short and marathons. Ringette is another form of ice skating. It can be played inside or outside. Two teams race to get a ring into their team’s goal. Ice hockey is a sport that uses ice skating. The two teams race on ice. The goal is to try and get their ice puck into the other team’s goal.

In the example above, I chose “Skate Sports” to be my topic for T1. So I put a box around all of the information about “Skate Sports.” Then I underlined my two details about different types of skate sports and labeled them as “A” and “B.” Example Planning I T1 T2 T3 C

Sports Skate Sports Other Skate Athletics Soccer Sports

a. Figure Skating a. Ringette a. How to Play

b. Speed Skating b. Hockey b. How it Helps

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 23

Some things to discuss while writing this outline (think aloud as you write this): - My 3 topics are big topics that I can write a lot about. These are all main topics that are discussed in the passages. - My As and Bs are details/examples to further discuss my 3 topics. The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Dolphins Sea Turtles Stingrays *When planning for this prompt, remember that you are choosing 3 topics to discuss in your essay. Depending on the articles/passages, sometimes it works best to use the titles and/or subheadings as your topics. Make sure you are choosing topics that have a lot of information. If there are only 2 sentences about a topic, then that cannot be one that you pick. There has to be a lot of information about each topic you choose. 3. Read all three passages. 4. Write this prompt on the board:

There are many different sea creatures within our oceans. Think about what you have learned about sea creatures. Now write to inform your reader about sea creatures.

5. Using the ITC outline, have students plan for this prompt (10-15 minutes). 6. After they have planned, share planning ideas and compile a list of examples and nonexamples on the board. Discuss what some good topics are (as well as ones that will not work) and make sure their As and Bs make sense. 7. Review today’s objective – planning for the informative/explanatory prompt. Explain that we are using the ITC outline and choosing 3 topics based on the text we are provided. Example Planning: I Sea Creatures T1 Dolphins T2 Sea Turtles T3 Stingrays C Sea Creatures

a. Smart a. Eggs a. Species

b. Playful b. Endangered b. Eating

**Note: When students are circling their topics and labeling them in the passages, they may find more than one area that discusses a particular topic. For example, they may find information about “Dolphins” in more than one passage. If that is the case, they should circle both areas and label them both as T2. This way they know to look at both areas when writing about this topic.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Document Camera

Lesson 23

Name:_______________________________

Directions: Plan for the following prompt. After reading the articles, think about what you learned about sports. Now write to inform your reader about sports.

I_________________________________________________

T1______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T2______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T3______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

C________________________________________________

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 23

Practice

Name:_______________________________

Directions: Plan for the following prompt. There are many different sea creatures within our oceans. Think about what you have learned about sea creatures. Now write to inform your reader about sea creatures.

I_________________________________________________

T1______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T2______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T3______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

C________________________________________________

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490L

Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Ice Skating 1 Ice skating is a sport that has existed for more than 3,000 years. Ice skates were first developed by using bone. A flattened bone was tied to the bottom of the feet. The flat bone helped people to glide along the ice. Today we have ice skates with sharp iron blades on the bottom of the skates. 2 Ice skating is used in different sports. Figure skating is commonly seen on TV where people spin and jump on the ice. Some figure skaters dance to music on the ice. The skaters have to be careful not to fall. 3 Speed skating is another form of ice skating. Teams compete with each other in a race. They skate around a track. The races can be long, short, or marathons. A marathon is a very long race. The winner of the race is the fastest speed skater. 4 Ringette is another form of ice skating. It can be played inside or outside. Two teams race to get a ring into their team’s goal. It is mostly played by women. Ringette is very much like hockey. 5 Ice hockey is a sport that uses ice skating. The two teams play on ice with hockey sticks. In hockey, the players try to hit a puck into the other team’s goal. The team with the most goals wins!

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

What Is Soccer?

6 Soccer is one of the most popular sports played all around the world. In a game, there are two teams. Each team has 11 players. The players on the team work together to try and kick the ball in the soccer net. 7 When you are playing soccer, make sure not to touch the ball with your hands. Only the goalie can touch the ball. The ball should be kicked using your foot. It is important to share the ball with your team when playing the game. 8 Soccer is a great sport to help learn new things. Children learn how to come up with strategies. They learn how to work as a team and how to set a goal to win. 9 Soccer is a sport that can be played at the park. Many kids play the game in their own yard at home. You may even see kids playing soccer at school. To have a fun time with soccer, all you need is a ball and some friends!

“What Is Soccer?” written for educational purposes.

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Dolphins 1 Dolphins are mammals that live in the ocean. This means they breathe air like humans do. They breathe air through a blowhole on the top of their head. They come out of the water every 15 to 20 seconds to take a breath. If they need to, dolphins can stay underwater for up to ten minutes. 2 Dolphins are one of the smartest animals! They can communicate with each other. Dolphins make clicking and whistling sounds to communicate. They also use a special tool called echolocation. This means they make a noise and it is reflected back to them. Dolphins use this tool to tell how far away things are. Dolphins are carnivores. They eat other ocean animals. They use their echolocation, eyesight, and hearing to catch their prey. 3 Dolphins are very playful! They can often be seen jumping out of the water or riding along with boats. Many places offer the chance for humans to play with dolphins. Humans can swim with them and do tricks with them. The dolphins might even let someone give them a kiss!

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Sea Turtles 4 Sea turtles are reptiles that live in the ocean. They can stay underwater for up to five hours at a time before they come up for air! Reptiles are also cold-blooded. This means their blood is the same temperature as their surroundings. Sea turtles get warm by sunbathing on land. 5 Another reason sea turtles come on land is to lay their eggs. A mother sea turtle will come onto the sand and dig a hole with her flippers. She will lay about 100 eggs. Then she covers the hole back up and goes back out to sea. Baby sea turtles will hatch after two months. They will make their way out of the sand and try to get back to the sea. 6 Many sea turtles are endangered. Newborn sea turtles are often the prey of other animals. They are hunted while they are making their way out to the sea. Adult sea turtles are threatened by humans. They can be killed by boats, fishing nets, and pollution. It is important to be careful in the ocean. We need to protect our sea turtles!

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Stingrays 7 Stingrays are a type of fish that live in the ocean. They have wide, flat bodies with a long tail. They are usually found in shallow waters. They like shallow water because it is warm. They often camouflage themselves by hiding in the sand on the ocean floor. A stingray can protect itself if it feels threatened. Their long tail is sharp and has venom. It can kill any predator that tries to harm it. 8 A stingray is a carnivore. It eats other sea creatures like fish, clams, and shrimp. Their mouths are on the bottom side of their body. They have powerful jaws to catch and crush their prey. A stingray’s eyes are on the top of their body, so they can’t use their eyes to see their prey. They have to use special sensors to find their food. 9 There are 60 different species of stingrays. The largest species weighs almost 800 pounds! Stingrays are cousins to sharks. Both of their bodies are made of cartilage, the same material humans have on their ears and in their nose. This helps the stingray glide gracefully through the ocean.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 25

WRITING: LESSON 25 Today the students will be learning how to write the “I” paragraph for an informative essay. The Introduction paragraph is three simple sentences and is set up exactly the same way they were taught in Section 1. 1. Remind students that the “I” paragraph should be kept short and simple. Today we will review the 3 sentences that make up the “I” paragraph. Write the following on the board: “I” Paragraph 1. Hook 2. 3 Reasons/Topics 3. Closing Statement

Teachers: Please note that there are many different ways to write an introduction paragraph. This is just one way. Feel free to call these sentences something different, add sentences, or change the order. The goal is to have 3-5 sentences and to introduce the topic.

2. (Review) – Go over this with students to remind them of what they learned in Section 1 of the curriculum. Let’s start with the first sentence. This is called your Hook. This is where you want to “hook” your reader and catch their attention. If you start with a boring sentence, your reader is not going to be interested. There are many different types of Hooks you can use when writing an informative/explanatory essay. 3. Write on the board: Different Types of Hooks for Explanatory/Informative Writing– 1. Question 2. Restate the prompt 3. Statement about the topic 4. Let’s take a look at the passages about sports that we read the other day. The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Ice Skating What Is Soccer? PROMPT:

After reading the articles, think about what you learned about sports. Now write to inform your reader about sports.

5. Look at the prompt and review the different ways to write a Hook. Remind students that you can ask a question in many different ways. - Did you know there are many different sports you can play? - How much do you really know about sports? - Did you know that ice skating and soccer are two very different, but fun sports to play?

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 25

6. We could also restate the prompt differently: - There are many things to learn about sports. - Learning about different sports is interesting. 7. Or you could just make a simple statement about the topic you are to write about: - Sports are very interesting. - Sports are fun to play! Take a look at our planning for the prompt: I Sports T1 Skate Sports T2 Other Skate Athletics T3 Soccer C Sports

a. Figure Skating a. Ringette a. How to Play

b. Speed Skating b. Hockey b. How it Helps

***When writing the “I” paragraph, make sure you are color coding each sentence. For example, write the Hook in red, the 3 Topics in blue, and the Closing sentence in green. This way students can see the 3 parts of the “I” paragraph. 8. Which Hook do you want to use? (Pick one as a class and write it on the board or document camera.) 9. Now the next sentence for I is “3 Topics.” For explanatory/informative prompts, we do not write about reasons, we write about topics. So this is where you state your 3 topics. What are our 3 topics? (They should answer – Skate Sports, Other Skate Athletics, and Soccer.) 10. Our second sentence will look something like this – Some interesting things about sports are that there are skate sports, other skate athletics, and soccer. 11. Let’s look at our last sentence. This is called our closing statement. This is just a general statement about your topic. For this sentence, you can also take words/sentences from the passages…just make sure you put it in your own words. (Do not copy word for word!) Let me give you some examples: - In both ice skating sports and soccer, teams compete against each other to win! (This information is from the text.) - In many sports, children must learn to work together as a team to win! (I rewrote this sentence from the text.) 12. So as a class, let’s decide what our Closing statement is going to be. 13. Now let’s put it all together and check it. - Do we have a Hook? - Did we state our 3 topics? - Do we have a Closing statement?

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 25

Here is an example of what your final “I” paragraph should look like: Did you know there are many different sports you can play? Some interesting things about sports are that there are skate sports, other skate athletics, and soccer. In both ice skating sports and soccer, teams compete against each other to win! 14. Let’s quickly do one more example together, and then you try one on your own. 15. Hand out “I” paragraph worksheet titled “Model/Work Together” in the left-hand corner. 16. As a class, work together to plan and come up with an “I” paragraph. Make sure you colorcode the 3 parts. Example: There are so many sea creatures living in our oceans! To name a few, there is the dolphin, sea turtle, and stingray. These sea creatures are interesting to learn about! 17. Then have students work on the next “I” paragraph worksheet titled “Guided Practice.” 18. Assist students in planning and writing the “I” paragraph (as needed) for this prompt. Example: Did you know that many sea mammals are living in our oceans? Some sea mammals include the sea lion, seal, and elephant seal. These animals are aquatic and warm-blooded.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 25

Model/Work Together

Name:_______________________________ “I” Paragraph

The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Dolphins Sea Turtles Stingrays There are many different sea creatures within our oceans. Think about what you have learned about sea creatures. Now write to inform your reader about sea creatures.

I_______________________________________________________________ T1____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ T2____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ T3____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ C______________________________________________________________

Now write the “I” Paragraph:

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 25

Guided Practice

Name:_______________________________ “I” Paragraph The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Sea Lions All About Seals

Write to inform your reader about sea mammals.

I_______________________________________________________________ T1____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ T2____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ T3____________________________

a._______________________

b._______________________ C______________________________________________________________

Now write the “I” Paragraph:

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

What Is Soccer?

“What Is Soccer?” written for educational purposes.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

“Sea Turtles” written for educational purposes.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Sea Lions

1 Sea lions are mammals just like us. That means that they breathe air and are warm-blooded. 2 Male sea lions grow seven to ten feet long. They weigh 500-800 pounds. Female sea lions grow five to seven feet long. They weigh 150-250 pounds. 3 Sea lions have large, powerful front flippers and are excellent swimmers. They use their front flippers for power. Their back flippers are used for steering. They can hold their breath for 10-15 minutes. They can swim up to 15-20 miles per hour. Sea lions can dive down to 600 feet. 4 Sea lions also spend time on land. They can move their back flipper. Moving their back flippers help them to walk on land. Sea lions have excellent vision. Sometimes when the water is dark, they use their whiskers to help them find food. Each whisker can move which helps the sea lion feel if any food is coming near them. 5 Sea lions eat between ten to thirty pounds of food a day. They eat fish, squid, and octopus. Sea lions swallow their food whole. They do not chew their food.

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All About Seals

6 Seals are mammals. Many seals live in cold water. Seals can dive underwater. They can stay underwater for up to 30 minutes. Baby seals are called pups. Pups can recognize the sound made by their mother. 7 The elephant seal is the world’s largest seal. They are called the elephant seal because the males have a loose piece of skin above their nose. They can blow up this piece of skin with air. When it is filled with air, it looks like an elephant’s trunk. 8 The elephant seal can travel 12,000-14,000 miles per year. Adult males grow to 12-18 feet. Adult females grow between 9-10 feet. They eat squid, octopus, sharks, and fish. 9 The elephant seal spends much of its life in the water. Elephant seals use their front flippers to steer. They use their back flippers for power. They have webbed flippers to help them swim. 10 Both seals and sea lions are hunted by killer whales, polar bears, and sharks. They are protected by the Marine Mammal Protection Act so people cannot bother, feed, or hunt them.

“All About Seals” written for educational purposes.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

WRITING: LESSON 27 Today the students will practice writing their three middle paragraphs for an informative/explanatory essay. The three middle paragraphs will have 5 sentences: Topic sentence, 2 sentences about A, and 2 sentences about B. 1. Let’s start with an example using the two passages about sports: The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Ice Skating What Is Soccer? PROMPT:

After reading the articles, think about what you learned about sports. Now write to inform your reader about sports.

2. We will use the same planning. (Write planning on board.) I Sports T1 Skate Sports T2 Other Skate Athletics T3 Soccer C Sports

a. Figure Skating a. Ringette a. How to Play

b. Speed Skating b. Hockey b. How it Helps

3. Now using the document camera, let’s begin to write the essay. 4. Remember, each middle paragraph will have 5 sentences: Topic sentence, 2 sentences about A, and 2 sentences about B. 5. Starting with I, ask the students what we write in this paragraph. They should answer: Hook, 3 topics, and Closing sentence. 6. Write the “I” paragraph (color-code). Example: Did you know there are many different sports you can play? Some interesting things about sports are that there are skate sports, other skate athletics, and soccer. In both ice skating sports and soccer, teams compete against each other to win! **When modeling the T1, T2, and T3 paragraphs, we are going to color-code the sentences. Your T sentence will be in one color, your 2 sentences about A will be in another color, and your 2 sentences about B will be in a third color. Please make sure you always color-code. 7. Now we move on to T1. The first sentence is called our Topic sentence. This is where you tell your reader what the topic is going to be for the paragraph. Our first topic is going to be about how there are skate sports. So our sentence will read: First, there are skate sports. Top Score Writing, Inc. © 2020

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

**Make sure that students realize for the topic sentence, they do not want to start talking about “figure skating” or “speed skating”… or anything specific. That is for our A and B sentences. Our Topic sentence should JUST state the first topic of our essay. 8. Write that sentence in the T1 box. 9. Now we are going to write 4 more sentences under T1. 10. We are going to write 2 sentences about our A (Figure Skating) and two sentences about our B (Speed Skating). Remind students to look at their planning to see what their As and Bs are. 11. So let’s come up with 2 sentences for A. Remember, we want to use the articles to come up with these sentences. But we HAVE to put it in our own words. 12. You want to teach your reader all about figure skating. **Here is the most important part of this lesson: Your A and B sentences HAVE to come from information in the articles. You cannot make up information about figure skating. The information HAS to come from the article in your OWN words. Please make sure you constantly point this out as you are teaching/modeling. Keep the article under the document camera and underline where you are getting the information from and how you are putting it in your own words. - We have to write 2 sentences about A - Our first sentence about A should tell our reader what our A is (Figure Skating). - So write…One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. - Now we have to tell our reader more about figure skating.**Look back in the articles.** - Write…Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. 13. Do we have 2 sentences about A? Yes! Here they are: One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. - Look closely, our first sentence about A tells our reader what A is. - Then the next sentence tells more about A. 14. Now we have to write 2 sentences about B (Speed Skating). - Our first sentence about B should do what? (Tell our reader what B is.) - So write…Another skating sport is speed skating. - Our next sentence has to give more information about it. - Write…Speed skating is where teams race against each other. 15. Do we have 2 sentences about B? Yes! Here they are: Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

- Look closely, our first sentence about B tells our reader what B is. - Then the next sentence gives more information about it. 16. So now our R1 paragraph should have 5 sentences: Topic Sentence 2 Sentences about A 2 Sentences about B First, there are skate sports. One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other. My Topic sentence is in red. The 2 sentences about A are in blue. The 2 sentences about B are in green. 17. The first sentence (First, there are skate sports.) is called the T sentence. The T stands for Topic. 18. The next 2 sentences are called 2A, because it is two sentences about A. 19. The next 2 sentences are called 2B, because it is two sentences about B. **Please make sure students know that they can write more than 2 sentences. Two is just the minimum. Try to emphasize and model with more sentences so they can see how this is done.** 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

So the T1 paragraph now has 5 sentences…T, 2A, and 2B. Now we will do the same for T2. Let’s work on this one together. Let’s start with the first sentence. What is this sentence called? (T sentence) What should it start with? (Second) It should say: Second, there are other skate athletics. The next sentences are 2A. We need to write two sentences about A (Ringette).

- Remember, our first sentence tells our reader what A is. Then we write 1 more sentence to give more information to our reader about A. - So for the first sentence, let’s write…Another sport that involves ice skating is ringette. - Now let’s give our reader more information about this. - Write…This is another racing game where a ring must get into a team’s goal. **Make a point to show students how you referenced the articles and changed things into your own words. They may also have to ADD WORDS (elaborate) and put words from the article in their OWN WORDS.

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Lesson 27

26. Do we have 2 sentences about A? (yes) - Did the first sentence tell our reader what A is? (yes) - Did our next sentence give our reader more information? (yes) 27. Now we write 2B, which is two sentences about B (Hockey). (Example: Hockey is a fourth sport that uses ice skating skills to play. In this sport, the goal is to get the ice puck into the other team’s goal.) 28. Our T2 should now have five sentences (T, 2A, and 2B) and should look something like this: Second, there are other skate athletics. Another sport that involves ice skating is ringette. This is another racing game where a ring must get into a team’s goal. Hockey is a fourth sport that uses ice skating skills to play. In this sport, the goal is to get the ice puck into the other team’s goal. ***My Topic sentence is in red, my 2A are in blue, and my 2B are in green. 29. Follow the same steps for T3. Here is an example of what T3 should look like: Third, soccer is a well-liked sport. Soccer is a team sport that involves kicking the ball down the field. You cannot touch the ball with your hands, and you must make a goal. Also, soccer helps children to come up with new strategies. It helps them learn teamwork. 30. Hand out practice worksheet. Let students begin working on it. Whatever is not finished in class, allow students to take home and finish for homework.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

Boxed Paper for Lesson

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

Teacher Copy

**This is a teacher copy of the completed essay after today’s lesson.

Did you know there are many different sports you can play? Some interesting things about sports are that there are skate sports, other skate athletics, and soccer. In both ice skating sports and soccer, teams compete against each other to win!

First, there are skate sports. One skate sport that is fairly popular is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other.

Second, there are skate athletics. Another sport that involves ice skating is ringette. This is another racing game where a ring must get into a team’s goal. Hockey is a fourth sport that uses ice skating skills to play. In this sport, the goal is to get the ice puck into the other team’s goal.

Third, soccer is a well-liked sport. Soccer is a team sport that involves kicking the ball down the field. You cannot touch the ball with your hands, and you must make a goal. Also, soccer helps children come up with new strategies. It helps them learn teamwork.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

Student Practice/Homework

Name:_______________________________ “I” Paragraph

The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Digging Up Dinosaurs Fossil Discoveries

Write an informational essay on dinosaurs.

I_________________________________________________

T1______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T2______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

T3______________________

a.__________________

b.__________________

C________________________________________________ 152

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 27

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

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What Is Soccer?

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Digging Up Dinosaurs 1 Dinosaurs lived many millions of years ago. How do we even know anything about these animals? Fossils! Fossils are what is left of plants and animals that died long ago. 2 People study fossils to learn more about dinosaurs and other animals that lived millions of years ago. This is the only way we can learn about dinosaurs because people were not around back then. 3 Dinosaur fossils can be found all over the Earth. Only a small number of dinosaurs were saved and turned into fossils. Most fossils rotted and are gone forever. 4 Looking carefully at fossils can tell us a lot about the dinosaurs. People have learned a lot about how they lived here on Earth. Many different dinosaur fossils have been found. There are still many more to see and learn about. Maybe you can be the next one to discover a new fossil!

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Fossil Discoveries 5 People are learning more about animals that lived over 65 million years ago. The remains of dinosaurs are telling us new information. They tell us about how they lived and what they ate. 6 Animal and plant remains were frozen in time. This made fossils! Scientists dig up and study what is left of them.

Becoming a Fossil 7 There are many different ways that dinosaur remains became fossils. One way is after the dinosaur died it quickly became buried in mud. The dirt then covered the body. After a long time, parts of the animals were saved. Fossils were also formed by tree sap. The sap turned hard with part of the animal inside.

Learning from Fossils 8 So what have scientists learned from these fossils? Dinosaurs with flat teeth ate plants. They also learned that the plant eaters stood up on four legs. Other sharptoothed dinosaurs were meat eaters. They stood up on two legs. These simple bits of information help us learn more about animals on our Earth before we were here.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 28

WRITING: LESSON 28 A and B Sentences – Evidence-Based Terminology Today we will be working on using Evidence-Based Terminology when writing your A and B sentences. • • •

Yesterday we learned how to write our A and B sentences. We learned that our A and B sentences have to come from the passages and we have to put them in our OWN words. Today we will learn how to use Evidence-Based Terminology – which are just words and phrases that show that we got the information from the text. You do not have to use these words and phrases for every A and B sentence! But you do want to try and use at least one of these words and phrases in each middle paragraph.

***Teachers: I will be giving some examples of Evidence-Based Terminology in this lesson. My suggestion is to do a Google search on “Evidence-Based Terminology” and compile a list of as many as you can and create an anchor chart.*** Evidence-Based Terminology – also known as “EBT” Today we are going to work on the exact same essay we wrote using the “Sports” passages. We are just going to change the beginning of some of our A and B sentences to use EvidenceBased Terminology. • •

Place essay under the document camera. Also, make sure students have a copy of both sports articles to look at. Let’s look at T1 first:

First, there are skate sports. One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other. Here are some examples of Evidence-Based Terminology (to show that we got the information from the text): - According to the text - In paragraph 2 - In the first passage - The author states - Based on the information in the text - The author says - For example After you write your EBT phrase, you MUST state the article title that the information came from. For example, if your information came from the article “Ice Skating,” you would write your EBT like this:

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 28

According to the text Ice Skating, it states… OR The author writes in Ice Skating… **Have them underline the article title.** •

Take a look at our A sentences in T1. Let’s put some Evidence-Based Terminology at the beginning of the A sentences. BEFORE - One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. AFTER – According to the text Ice Skating, one fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps.

•

You do not always have to add these words and phrases at the beginning of your A and B sentences. You want to have EBT at least 2 times in each middle paragraph. You can add them anywhere. Look at this example of the B sentences for T1. BEFORE - Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other. AFTER – Another skating sport is speed skating. The author states in Ice Skating that speed skating is where teams race against each other. Here is our T1 before using evidence-based terminology: First, there are skate sports. One fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. Another skating sport is speed skating. Speed skating is where teams race against each other. Here is our T1 after adding evidence-based terminology: First, there are skate sports. According to the text Ice Skating, one fairly popular skate sport is figure skating. Figure skating is when people skate on ice and compete doing spins and jumps. Another skating sport is speed skating. The author states in Ice Skating that speed skating is where teams race against each other.

•

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Pass out the “Student Practice” worksheet. Today students will be rewriting the T2 paragraph to add Evidence-Based Terminology. Make sure they are adding it in different places throughout the paragraph and that it makes sense.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 28

Example: Second, there are other skate athletics. According to Ice Skating, another sport that involves ice skating is ringette. This is another racing game where a ring must get into a team’s goal. Hockey is a fourth sport that uses ice skating skills to play. In this sport, the goal is to get the ice puck into the other team’s goal, states the author of Ice Skating. •

After completing the student worksheet, hand out “Homework.”

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Lesson 28

Document Camera After reading the articles, think about what you learned about sports. Now write to inform your reader about sports.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Student Practice

Lesson 28

Name:_______________________________

Directions: Rewrite this T2 paragraph to include Evidence-Based Terminology.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 28

Homework

Name:_______________________________

Directions: Rewrite this T3 paragraph to include Evidence-Based Terminology.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 30

WRITING: LESSON 30 Today you will be learning how to write the Conclusion paragraph for an informative essay. Like the Introduction paragraph, the Conclusion is 3-4 sentences. Short and simple! You want to include 3 main sentences: 1. Give an overview (summary) of the topic 2. Restate 3 topics 3. Thought or Feeling about the topic 1. Write the following on the board. (Make an anchor chart.) The Conclusion Paragraph 1. Give an overview (summary) of the topic 2. Restate 3 topics 3. Thought or Feeling about the topic 2. Go over this example. I T1 T2 T3 C

Sports Skate Sports Other Skate Athletics Soccer Sports

a. Figure Skating a. Ringette a. How to Play

b. Speed Skating b. Hockey b. How it Helps

***Color-code the 3 sentences As you can see, all different sports can be fun to play. There are skate sports, other skate athletics, and soccer, just to name a few. There are many benefits to playing sports!

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3. Explain each sentence and how to write it. Give an overview (summary): is where you give a one-sentence overview/summary about the topic. You are just simply restating the topic and what the essay was about. Restate your 3 Topics sentence: is where you simply tell your reader the 3 topics in your essay. You want to name those 3 topics like you did in the Introduction, just in a different way. The Thought/Feeling sentence: is a thought about what you think about your topic, how you feel about your topic, or how the topic makes you feel. 4. Do another example with the students.

The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Dolphins Sea Turtles Stingrays

There are many different sea creatures within our oceans. Think about what you have learned about sea creatures. Now write to inform your reader about sea creatures.

I T1 T2 T3 C

Sea Creatures Dolphins Sea Turtles Stingrays Sea Creatures

a. Smart a. Eggs a. Species

b. Playful b. Endangered b. Eating

The Conclusion paragraph should look something like this: There is so much to learn about sea creatures. The articles talked about dolphins, sea turtles, and stingrays. The next time you jump into the ocean, think about all the sea creatures living there!

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 30

5. Hand out “Student Practice” worksheet. Example: Many sea mammals are living within our oceans. To name a few, there are sea lions, seals, and elephant seals. Although many people may believe sea lions and seals are very similar mammals, they are different. 6. Make sure students are writing the “C” paragraph correctly.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

Lesson 30

Student Practice

Name:_______________________________ “C” Paragraph The following passages will be used in today’s lesson: Sea Lions All About Seals

Write to inform your reader about sea mammals.

I T1 T2 T3 C

Sea Mammals Sea Lion Seals Elephant Seal Sea Mammals

a. Appearance a. Babies a. Appearance

b. Food b. Protected b. Food

Now write the “C” Paragraph:

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“Sea Turtles” written for educational purposes.

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Top Score Writing – Grade 2

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Sea Lions

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All About Seals

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