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Bohn M.A. Volk F. Adaibatische Selbstaufheizung bei Treib-und Explosivstoffen. 24th Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe June 93 The Accelerating Rate Calorimeter has been used to study several explosives and propellants (PETN, NQ, TAGN, RDX, TNT, AN, GAP, GP & LOVA types). Kinetic calculations were carried out, data was analysed with Wood's bath data. Results from compositions is shown in graphical form.
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Bohn M.A. Adiabatic Self Heating of Propellants and Explosives
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Bohm M.A. Heat Generation of Propellants (German)
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Bohn M.A. Heat Generation of Propellants & Explosives, Int. Symp on Energetic Materials Technology, Orlando, USA. March 94 The Accelerating Rate Calorimeter has been used to study several explosives and propellants (PETN, NQ, TAGN, RDX, TNT, AN, GAP, GP & LOVA types). Kinetic calculations were carried out, data was analysed with Wood's bath data. Results from compositions is shown in graphical form.
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Bohn M.A. Thermal Stability of HNF Investigated by Mass Loss and Heat Generation in the Temperature Range 50oC to 80oC and Lifetime Predictions. 36th International Annual Conference of ICT & 32nd International Pyrotechnics Seminar, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 28 – July 1, 2005
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Bunyan P.F. Tod D.A Accelerating Rate Calorimetry Experiments on Energetic Materials: Obtaining Time to Maximum Rate Plots on Larger Samples This paper presents experimental results obtained from some ‘oversized’ energetic material samples and describes how partial exotherm data, obtained prior to ignition, may be processed in the absence of experimental maximum rate data and then used to construct time to maximum rate plots.
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Bunyan P.F. Tod D.A. Kavanagh G. Characterisation of Thermal Runaway Reactions in Energetic Solid Materials Using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry This paper will present ARC results obtained on a number of highly energetic solids and discuss the critical aspects of both experimental technique and data interpretation which should be applied to systems of this type in order to obtain reproducible results and valid time to maximum rate information. Bunyan P.F. Griffiths T.T. Norris V.J. Combined Use of Adiabatic Calorimetry and Microcalorimetry for Quantifying Propellant Cook-off Hazards This paper was presented at the 3rd International Symposium on the Heat Flow Calorimetry of Energetic Materials, French Lick Springs, Indiana, USA – April 8-10th 2002. Davis D.D. Wedlich R.C. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Thermal Decomposition of Monomethylhydrazine by A.R.C. Thermochimica Acta 175 189-198 (1991) Accelerating Rate Calorimeter study of Monomethyl-hydrazine, widely used in aerospace industry e.g. in NASA space shuttle. Davis D.D. Wedlich R.C. Martin N.B. Transition Metal Catalysis of the Heterogeneous Decomposition of Hydrazine: Adiabatic Dinetics by Accelerating Rate Calorimetry. Thermochimica Acta 175 175 (1991) Kinetic study of Hydrazine decomposition and effect of added metal by Accelerating Rate Calorimeter. Results indicate catalysed reaction. Fukuda T. Suzuki N. Tachiya H. Nakatsuka K. Dilution Method for the Estimation of Stability of Nitrocellulose. 14th Int. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe 1983 Accelerating Rate Calorimeter data presented from several samples of Nitrocellulose plus comparison with data from several other tests.
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Gerber P. Fuhr I. Mikonsaari I. Kretschmer A. Shock Wave Sensitivity of Charges Containing Insensitive Nitramine. 36th International Annual Conference of ICT & 32nd International Pyrotechnics Seminar, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 28 – July 1, 2005
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Jones D.E.G. Lightfoot P.D. Fouchard R.C. Kwok Q.S.M. Thermal Properties of DMNB, an Explosives Detection Agent, Exp 2000 – 18
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Jones D.E.G. Fouchard R.C. Lightfoot P.D. Chalmers G. Alilovic I. Parameters Affecting the Thermal Behaviour of Emulsion Explosives, Exp 99 – 23
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Jones D.E.G. Burnham A.K. Weese R.K. Wang R. Kwok Q.S.M. Thermal Properties of FOX-7. 36th International Annual Conference of ICT & 32nd International Pyrotechnics Seminar, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 28 – July 1, 2005
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Klein N. Thermal Reaction Initiation of Liquid Propellants. Proc. 19th Int. Conf. of ICT Conference, Karlsruhe June 88 Accelerating Rate Calorimeter has been successfully used to characterise the effect of impurities and contaminants on propellant stability and reactivity and gives data applicable to the ignition and combustion process.
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Klein N. Leveritt C.S. the Use of Adiabatic Calorimetry for Thermal Stability Studies in Liquid Propellants. Presented at the American Defence Preparedness Ass. (ADPA) Meeting; Virginia Beach Oct. 1989 A study of the explosives HAN, TEAN, and Han-TEAN mixtures is presented. It is concluded that the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter is well suited for evaluation of both the thermal stability and the performance of HAN based liquid propellants. Klein N. Leveritt C.S. Thermally Induced Reactions in Liquid Propellants. Presented at the 'North American Thermal Analysis Society Meeting' 1989 An Accelerating Rate Calorimeter study is reported using two explosives HAN (Hydroxylamine nitrate) and TEAN (triethanolamine nitrate). Lee P.P. Back M.H. Kinetic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Tetryl using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry. Part 2. Products and Mechanism of Reaction. Proc. 41st Annual Calorimetry Conf. July 1986. Thermochimica Acta 107 17 1986 Follow up paper detailing Accelerating Rate Calorimeter runs carried out to produce products for analysis. Analytical data obtained and detailed via spectrophotometry and chromatography. Lee P.P. Back M.H. Kinetic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Tetryl Using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry – Part 1 Derivation of the Activation Energy for Decomposition. Proc. 41st Annual Calorimetry Conf. July 1986. Thermochimica Acta 107 1 1986 Very detailed study of the high explosive: Tetryl. Lee P.P. Back M.H. Kinetic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Nitroguanidine Using Accelerating Rate Calorimeter. Thermochimica Acta 127 89 1988. Detailed study of Nitroguanidine. Lee P.P. Vandebeek R.R. Feng K.K. Evaluation of Thermal Stability of Doped an Using DSC and A.R.C.. Presented at the North American Thermal Analysis Society Meeting 1989 The thermal characteristics of Ammonium Nitrate and this salt doped with KNO3, NiO and ChO have been studied by Accelerating Rate Calorimeter and DSC – data is presented.
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Lightfoot P.D. Fouchard R.C. Turcotte A-M. Kwok Q.S.M. Jones D.E.G. Thermal Techniques used in the Hazard Evaluation of Pyrotechnics, Report 2001 – 08 (P)
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Lightfoot P.D. Fouchard R.C. Kwok Q.S.M. Turcotte A-M. Jones D.E.G. Characterisation of Aluminum Nanopowders, Exp 2001 – 26 (OP)
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Los Alamos Introduction Time Study for Explosive Materials.
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Accelerating Rate Calorimeter data from RDX, HMX and TATB.
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Mishra I.B. Rickenbaugh D.E. Ashmore C.I. Mahrotra A.K. Development of Gap-TAGN-PEG Propellants Part 1 Study of Ingredients. GAP, TAGN, AN, PEG and GN propellants have been studied. Accelerating Rate Calorimeter and DSC data is presented.
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Mueller D. Langlotz W. LTC Gun Propellants for Use in Machine Gun Ammunition. 36th International Annual Conference of ICT & 32nd International Pyrotechnics Seminar, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 28 – July 1, 2005
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Shen S-M. et al Thermal Stability and Safety Evaluation of Energetic Material by Accelerating Rate Calorimeter Proceeding, Int Conference on Stability of Explosives, Karlsruhe. Accelerating Rate Calorimeter results on GAP, GAP/RDX, GAP/BDNPA/F and GAP/RDX/BDNPA/F are reported together with discussion on the application of Accelerating Rate Calorimeter to high energetic materials.
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Wedlich R.C. Davis D.D. Non Isothermal Kinetics of Hydrazine Decomposition. Thermochimica Acta, 171 (1990) 1-13 Accelerating Rate Calorimeter study of Hydrazine and effect of titanium. Hydrazine is widely used in aerospace motor systems.
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