Research Paper
Social Science
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2020
GRAMIN SAMAJMA PARIVARTAN: EK SAMAJSHASTRIY ABHYAS
U||FDL6 ;DFHDF\ 5lZJT"G o V[S ;DFHXF:+LI VeiFF; Ravindrakumar P. Barot Ph.D. Scholar, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. ABSTRACT
5lZJT"G V[ 5|S'lTGM lGID K[P 5lZJT"G V[ VlJZT ;TT RF,TL 5|lS|IF K[P lJ`JGL NZ[S J:T]4 5NFY" H[JF EF{lTS VG[ VEF{lTS AFATMDF\ 5lZJT"G YT]\ ZC[ K[P jIlSTGF HgDYL D'tI] ;]WLGL VJ:YFDF\ 56 lJlJW TASSFVM HMJF D/[ K[P AF/564 I]JFGL VG[ J'wWFJ:YF VFJ[ K[P jIlSTGF J,6M DFgITFVM4 lGIDM4l;wWF\TM4 lJRFZMDF\ 5lZJT"G VFJT]\ CMI K[P 5|S'lTDF\ 56 kT]RS| HMJF D/[ K[P V[S H ;DI[ lJ`JGF H]NF H]NF EFUMDF\ lJlJWTF HMJF D/[ K[P VYF"T 5|FS'lTS jIlSTUT S[ ;FDFlHS AFATMDF\ 5lZJT"G N[BFI K[P 5lZJT"G V[ 5|tI[S ;DFHG]\ DCtJG]\ ,1F6 K[P SMd8GF DT[ NZ[S ;DFHDF\ l:YtIFtDS VG[ UtIFtDSGF ,1F6M CMI K[P VYF"T S[8,LS AFATMDF\ O[ZOFZ h05YL VFJTF GYL HIFZ[ S[8,LS AFATMDF\ O[ZOFZM h05YL VFJ[ K[P H[D S[ EF{lTS AFATMDF\ h05YL 5lZJT"G VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ VEF{lTS AFATMDF\ B}A WLDL UlTV[ 5lZJT"G VFJ[ K[P ;DFHDF\ jIlST4 jIlST JrR[GF ;\A\WM4 jIlST VG[ H}Y JrR[GF ;\A\WM VG[ H}YvH}Y JrR[GF ;\A\WMDF\ 56 5lZJT"G VFJT] CMI K[P ;DFHGF DF/BFSLI jIJ:YF T\+DF\ 56 5lZJT"GGL 5|lS|IF RF<IF SZ[ K[P ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G ;FDFlHS 5|lS|IF4 WMZ6M4 :J~5MGF SM.56 5F;FG[ YJF JF/F TOFJTM IF ;\XMWGMP VF V[S jIF5S XaN K[P H[GFYL ;FDFlHS VF\NM,GM 5|tI[S 5|SFZGF 5lZ6FDMG]\ 7FG YFI K[P VYJF HF6SFZL 5|F%T YFI K[P ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"GGM 5|lTUFDL4 5|UlTUFDL4 :YFILvV:YFIL4 VFIMlHTvlGIMlHT4 V[S lNXFUFDLvAC]lNXFUFDL4 p5IMULv CFGLSFZS CM. XS[ K[P T[G[ ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G SC[JFIP SLvXaNo 5lZJT"G4 ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G4 VFlY"S 5lZJT"G4 ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G4 :+LG]\ :YFG4 ZFHSLI 5lZJT"G4 ;F\:S'lTS 5lZJT"G4 WFlD"S 5lZJT"GP 5||:TFJGF o JT"dFG ;DIDF\ VG[S 5lZA/MGL V;Z C[9/ U|FDL6 ;D]NFIDF\ ;FDFHLS4 VFlY"S4 ZFHSLI4 WFlD"S4 ;F\:S'lTS VG[ X{1Fl6S JU[Z[ 5lZJT"GM HMJF D/[ K[P 5lZJT"G V[ 5|S'lTGM lGID K[P 5lZJT"G V[ VlJZT ;TT RF,TL 5|lS|IF K[P lJ`JGL NZ[S J:T]4 5NFY" H[JF EF{lTS VG[ VEF{lTS AFATMDF\ 5lZJT"G YT]\ ZC[ K[P jIlSTGF HgDYL D'tI] ;]WLGL VJ:YFDF\ 56 lJlJW TASSFVM HMJF D/[ K[P AF/564 I]JFGL VG[ J'wWFJ:YF VFJ[ K[P jIlSTGF J,6M DFgITFVM4 lGIDM4l;wWF\TM4 lJRFZMDF\ 5lZJT"G VFJT]\ CMI K[P 5|S'lTDF\ 56 kT]RS| HMJF D/[ K[P V[S H ;DI[ lJ`JGF H]NF H]NF EFUMDF\ lJlJWTF HMJF D/[ K[P VYF"T 5|FS'lTS jIlSTUT S[ ;FDFlHS AFATMDF\ 5lZJT"G N[BFI K[P 5lZJT"G V[ 5|tI[S ;DFHG]\ DCtJG]\ ,1F6 K[P SMd8GF DT[ NZ[S ;DFHDF\ l:YtIFtDS VG[ UtIFtDSGF ,1F6M CMI K[P VYF"T S[8,LS AFATMDF\ O[ZOFZ h05YL VFJTF GYL HIFZ[ S[8,LS AFATMDF\ O[ZOFZM h05YL VFJ[ K[P H[D S[ EF{lTS AFATMDF\ h05YL 5lZJT"G VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ VEF{lTS AFATMDF\ B}A WLDL UlTV[ 5lZJT"G VFJ[ K[P ;DFHDF\ jIlST4 jIlST JrR[GF ;\A\WM4 jIlST VG[ H}Y JrR[GF ;\A\WM
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International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
51
Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2020
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Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2020
WZFJTF CTFP U|FDL6 ;D]NFIGL 5Z\5ZFUT HHDFGL 5|YF T}8JF ,FUL K[P 7FlT VFWFlZT SFZLUZ 5|SFZGL ;[JFVMGL HuIFV[ GF6F\ lJlGDI 5|YF VD,DF\ VFJL K[P VFlY"S jIJCFZMDF\ SZFZGF TtJM HMJF D/[ K[P UFD0FVMDF\ X{1Fl6S lJSF;G[ SFZ6[ 5Z\5ZFUT 7FlTUT jIJ;FIGL 5|YF A\W YJF 5FDL K[P VG[ jIFJ;FlIS UlTXL,TF XSI AGL K[P UD[ T[ 7FlTGL jIlST UD[ T[ jIJ;FIDF\ HM0F. XS[ K[P VeIF; C[9/GF AC]DlT GMSZLIFTM lX1FSGF JIJ;FIDF\ HM0FI[, CTF S[ H[ B[TL VG[ 5X]5F,G 56 SZ[ K[P ;ZSFZL IMHGFVM TYF jIJ;FI VG[ lX1F6GL TSM G[ SFZ6[ lGdG 7FlTGF UFD0FGF ,MSM 56 prR jIJ;FIMDF\ HM0FIF K[ VG[ JW] VFJS D[/JTF YIF K[P :Y/F\TZG[ SFZ6[ U|FDL6 v XC[ZL ;\5SM"GL DF+F JWL K[P pWMULSZ6G[ SFZ6[ UFD0FGF ,MSM ZMHUFZL D[/JJF GÒSGF XC[ZM TZO J?IF K[P ;\5S"G[ SFZ6[ ;FDFlHS V,UTFDF\ 38F0M YJF 5FdIM K[P UFD0FDF\ JFCGM4 S'lQFI\+M4 ZFRZRL,] JU[Z[ AFATMDF\ 5lZJT"G HMJF D/[ K[P VeIF; C[9/GF UFD0FVMDF\ AC]DlT S]8]\AMDF\ lâRS|L JFCGM VG[ S[8,FS 5F;[ OMZ JL,Z 56 HMJF D?IF CTFP U[;4 3Z3\8L48LJL S[ Sd%I]8Z H[JF p5SZ6M S]8]\AMDF\ HMJF D?IF CTFP lX1F6G]\ 5|DF6 JwW] K[P prR lX1F6DF\ UFD0FGF lJnFYL"VMGL ;\bIF JWTL ZCL K[P )_ @ p5ZF\TGF DM8F EFUGF p¿ZNFTFVM T[DGF ;\TFGMG[ prR lX1F6 wJFZF GMSZLGL 5;\NUL SZL CTLP U|FDL6 VY"jIJ:YFG]\ wI[I CJ[ DF+ VFÒlJSF 5]ZT]\ DIF"lNT ZCI] GYLP GOF,1FL VG[ AHFZ,1FL VY"jIJ:YFDF\ HDLG lD,ST J:T],1FL AGL K[P ZMS0LIF 5FSM XC[ZMDF\ VFJTF YIF K[P B[TLGF ;FWGMG]\ VFW] l GSZ6 YI] \ K[ P S[ G F,4 AMZLA\ W 4 5FTF/S] J F4 AMZvB[TT,FJ0L JU[Z[G[ SFZ6[ l;\RF. jIJ:YF JWTF\ pt5FNG VFJSDF\ JWFZM YIM K[P U|FDL6 VY"jIJ:YF 5|FN[lXS4 ZFQ8=LI VG[ VF\TZ ZFQ8=LI VY"T\+G]\ V\U AGL U. K[P VFlY"S 1F[+[ ;FD\TXFCL GFA]N Y. K[P VFJS JWTF\ ,MSMDF\ ARTG]\ J,6 56 S[/JFI K[P ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G"G o ;FDFlHS 5lZJT"G T5F;TF 5|:T]T VeIF; C[9/GF U|FDL6 ;D]NFIDF\ S]8]\A4 ,uG4 7FlT JU[Z[ 1F[+[ VFJ[,F 5lZJT"GM T5F;JFDF\ VFjIF K[P S]8]\A ;\:YFDF\ VFJ[, 5lZJT"G o S]8]\AGF ;eIM JrR[GF ;A\WM V\U[ T5F; SZTF HF6JF D?I]\ K[ S[ DFvAF5 VG[ ;\TFGM JrR[GF ;\AWMDF\ GM\W5F+ 5lZJT"G VFjI]\ K[P ;DU| ZLT[ DIF"NFGF ;\A\WM T}8TF HFI K[P VF7F5F,GG]\ J,6 AN,FI]\ K[P J0L,MGL V5[1FFVM I]JFGMG[ G UDTL CMI T[D HMJF D/[ K[P VeIF; C[9/GF *# pTZNFTFVMV[ H6FjI]\ CT]\ S[ VDM S[8,LS JFZ VlGrKFV[ ;\TFGMGL VD}S AFATM :JLSFZLV[ KLV[P H[D S[ 5C[ZJ[X4 International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
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Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2020
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5|[ZS 5lZA/ AgI]\ K[P VeiFF; C[9/GF TDFD UFD0FVMDF\ AF,JF0L4 5|FYlDS T[DH DFwIlDS lX1F6 p5,aW K[P 5MTFGF ;\TFGMG[ prR lX1F6 VF5J]\ HM.V[P T[D )( @ pTZNFTFVMV[ H6FjI]\ CT]\P ;DU| ZLT[ HM.V[ TM U|FDL6 ;DFHDF\ lX1F6G]\ 5|DF6 JW] K[P VG[ T[G[ SFZ6[ U|FDL6 ;DFHGL 5Z\5ZFUT lJRFZ;Z6L4 D}<IM DFgITFVMDF\ 5lZJT"G VFjI]\ K[P UlTlX,TFG]\ 5|DF6 JwI]\ K[P :Y/F\TZG]\ 5|DF6 56 JwI]\ K[P ;F\:S'lTS 5lZJT"G o VeIF; C[9/GF U|FDL6 ;DFHDF\ 5lZJT"GGL 5|lS|IFVMG[ 5lZ6FD[ ;F\:S'lTS 5lZJT"G 56 HMJF D/[ K[P 5Z\5ZFUT D[/FVM4 CM/L G[T'tJ4 DGMZ\HG4 pTF6L4 TC[JFZM JU[Z[G]\ :J~5 TYF ;CEFUL 56]\ VMK]\ YT] HMJF D/[ K[P VeIF; C[9/GF lJ:TFZMDF\ hF,FGM D[/M4 VF9DGM D[/M4 p;"GM D[/M DCtJGF D[/F K[P JT"DFG ;DIDF\ HM0LIF5FJF JF/M I]JFG S[ ;FTvNX :+LVMGF ;D}C UFG ;FY[ YGUGTL I]JTLVM CJ[ EFuI[H HMJF D/[ K[P EHG D\0/L4 CM/LG'tI4 U[0LN0MGL ZDT JU[Z[G]\ 5Z\5ZFUT :J~5 AN,FI]\ K[P 5|tI[S ;F\:S'lTS AFATMDF\ VFW]lGSTF VG[ 5|NX"G JW] HMJF D/[ K[P 5C[ZJ[X4 BMZFS4 HLJG WMZ64 J{RFlZS D}<IM JU[Z[ AFATMDF\ O[ZOFZ YI[,F HMJF D/[ K[P 5Z\5ZFUT ELT lR+M CJ[ EFuI[ H HMJF D/[ K[P 5Z\5ZFUT S0,F\4 VMC/L4 S[0S\NMZM4 V[ZL\U H[JF VFE}QF6M CJ[ ,]%T YTF\ HFI K[P DGMZ\HGGF VFW]lGS p5SZ6MG]\ 5|DF6 JWTF\ 5Z\5ZFUT DGMZ\HGGL ;\:S'lT ,]%T YTL HFI K[ V[D (# pTZNFTFVM H6FjI]\ CT]\P WFlD"S 5lZJT"G"G o VeIF; C[9/GF U|FDL6 ;DFHDF\ 5|6FDL4 ;TS{J,4 :JFDLGFZFI64 IMU[`JZ4 ZFDFG\NL JU[Z[ D]bI ;\5|NFIM HMJF D/[ K[P AC]DlT U|FDL6 WFlD"S 5|J'lTVM ;FY[ HM0FI[, K[P EHGlST"G4 ;t;\U4 D[/FJ0M4 TC[JFZMGL pHJ6L JU[Z[ wJFZF WFlD"S ElSTEFJ ZH} YFI K[P *5 @ pTZNFTFVMV[ H6FjI]\ CT]\ S[ T[VM lGIlDT N[J NX"G[ HFI K[P TYF 5]GD4 XlGJFZ4 U]~JFZ JU[Z[ lNJ;[V[ V[S8F6] SZ[ K[P !__ @ pTZNFTFVMV[ H6FjI]\ CT]\ S[ T[VMGF 3Z[ T[DGF .Q8N[JGL 5]HF v VFZFWGF SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P TYF T[DGF S]/N[JLG]\ G{J[W SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5Z\5ZFUT U|FDL6 ;DFHDF\ WFlD"S V\WzwWF4 AFWF v DFGTF VG[ NMZF v WFUF H[JL AFATMG[ VG];ZJFDF\ VFJTL CTLP T[DF\ JT"DFG ;DIDF\ GM\W5F+ 5lZJ"TG VFjI]\ K[ T[D (* @ pTZNFTFVMV[ H6FjI]\ CT]\P HM S[ GJL 5[-L V[8,[ S[ I]JFGMDF\ N[J NX"G S[ WFlD"S 5]HF v VFZFWGF TZOGM HMS 38TM HFI K[P AC]DlT S]8]\AMDF\ N[JvN[JLGL 5]HF :+LVM wJFZF SZJFDF\ VFJTL HMJF D/L CTLP ;DU| ZLT[ HM.V[ TM JT"DFG ;DIDF\ lX1F64 VFW]lGSZ6 VG[ lAG;F\5|NFlISTFG[ SFZ6[ 5Z\5ZFUT WD" International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
Research Paper
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