Research Paper
Education
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 8 | Aug 2018
SELF-ESTEEM AMONG ADOLESCENT STUDENTS
1
Uttam Basak | Amitava Khan 1
1
Ph.D. Scholar, The Department of Education, The University of Burdwan.
ABSTRACT The researchers wanted to find out the self-esteem of adolescent students. Their Objectives were: O1: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of sex. O2: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of grade. O3: To study the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of stream. O4:To compare the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of parents' educational qualification. They had adopted the descriptive research method in the present study. All the students of adolescent period of Secondary and Higher secondary school are population of the present study. Total 221 samples had been selected through purposive sampling technique. They used the Measuring Self-Esteem Scale to collect data from the sample. The scale was developed by Heatherton and Polivy. Mean, SD and t-test were used in the present study to analysis the data. The null hypotheses formulated for the present study, were: H01: There is no significant difference between boy & girl adolescent students' Self-Esteem. H02: There is no significant difference between 10th & 12th grade students' Self-Esteem. H03: There is no significant difference between arts & science stream twelfth grade students' Self-Esteem. H04: There is no significant difference between the students' Self-Esteem from primary & secondary level educated parents. The null hypotheses H01 and H02 were accepted but the null hypotheses H03 and H04 were rejected. The study revealed that there was no difference in self-esteem on the basis sex, grade but there was difference in self-esteem on the basis of stream and parental educational qualification. KEY WORDS: Self-Esteem, Adolescence, Secondary Grade, Higher Secondary Grade, Students. 1. INTRODUCTION: Self-Esteem is the consciousness of one's self. It is the conception of that we possess of ourselves. It refers to self-worth, self-respect and attitude, belief about the self. It denotes the evaluation of one's self whether one is capable of doing something or not. The renowned sociologist, Rosenberg defined "self-esteem as a feeling of Self-worth". Smith and Mackie (2007) said in this respect,"The Selfconcept is what we think about the self; self-esteem is the positive or negative evaluation of the self, as in how we feel about it". Self-esteem plays an important role in psychological well-being of a person, especially,in his adolescent period which is a period of storm and stress. Various psychological and sociological problems come out if there is not proper balance of Self-esteem in a person's character. Low level of Self-esteem affects individual's thinking process, leading him to his poor confidence in any kind of endeavour he undertakes. On the other hand, high self-esteem leads an individual to be over confident in his activities. Only a proper balance of Self-esteem in an individual brings about psychological and sociological well-being, thereby making him a man to face the challenges of life successfully. Eremic & Chickweru (2015) carried out a study to investigate self-esteem among private and public secondary school students in Rivers state, Nigeria. The findings indicate that private school students both male and female demonstrated high self-esteem and public school students demonstrate low self-esteem. Zhi (2014) conducted a study on the students' self-esteem across three undergraduate subjects. The researcher investigated whether it has any effect on examination scores. The study revealed that both high examination scoring and low examination scoring students did not have a strong majority of high self-esteem students and the group of students with high self-esteem across three subjects did not produce high examination scores. Farid & Akbar (2013) investigated self-esteem in Mianwahi district, Pakistan. The findings indicated that there is significant difference in self-esteem on the basis of gender. The male students showed higher self-esteem than female students and the students living in urban area have higher level of self-esteem than those of students living in rural areas. Serina & et. al. (2008) conducted a study to determine the mean self-esteem score and to demonstrate the association between self-esteem and age, sex, race, religion, number of siblings, ranking among siblings, family function, parental marital status and smoking among adolescents aged 12 to 20 years old. They found that there is a statistically significant relationship between self-esteem scores and sex, age, race, religion, number of siblings,ranking among siblings, family functions and there is not statistically significant difference between mean selfesteem score and parental marital status and with ranking among siblings. Zyoidi (2007) executed to show whether there were differences in self-esteem among adolescents with low vision due to gender. The study found out that there were some differences in the adolescence self-esteem and self behaviour due to gender.
2. OBJECTIVES: O1: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of sex. O2: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of grade. O3: To study the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of stream. O4: To compare the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of parents' educational qualification 3. HYPOTHESES: H01:There is no significant difference between boy & girl adolescence students' Self-Esteem. H02:There is no significant difference between 10th & 12th grade students' SelfEsteem. H03:There is no significant difference between arts & science stream twelfth grade students' Self-Esteem. H04:There is no significant difference between the students' Self-Esteem from primary & secondary level educated parents. 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: 4.1. Research method: The researchers adopted descriptive type survey research method. 4.2. Population: All the students of Secondary and Higher Secondary grade of Secondary and Higher Secondary schools of Purba Burdwan, West Bengal, India are treated as population of the present study. 4.3. Sample and sampling technique: The researchers selected 221 samples for the study through purposive sampling technique from the blocks of Purba Bardhaman. 4.4. Tool used: The researcher used the “Self-Esteem Measurement Scale” developed and standardised tool by T.F. Heatherton & J.Polivy (1991) The tool consisted of 20 Items where the highest score is 100 and lowest score is 20. 4.5. Techniques used for data analysis: The researcher used the following statistical techniques: Mean, SD and t-test. 5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: H01: There is no significant difference between boy & girl adolescent students' Self-Esteem.
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International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
28
Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 8 | Aug 2018
Gender Number Mean SD Df Boy Student
124
Girl Student
97
t- calculated t-critical value P value value at 0.05 level
70.096 9.231 219
1.970
0.126
lication, volume 2, Issue- 10, October- 2012, ISSN- 2250-3153. 7.
Smith,E.R.; Mackie,D.M.(2007). Social Psychology (Third Ed.) Hove. psychology Press. ISBN-978-1-84169-408-5.
8.
Zhi, A. C. H. (2014). Understanding Our Students: Does High Self-Esteem Produce Good Academic Achievement Among Undergraduate. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (IMPACT: JRHAL), 2(3), 19-24. eISSN: 2321-8878, p-ISSN: 2347-4564.
9.
Zyoudi, M. A. L. (2007). Gender Differences in Self-Concept Among Adolesecents with Low Vision. International Journal of Special Education, 22(1)
0.899
69.938 9.222
The null hypothesis is accepted at 0.05 level of significance. The t- calculated value is lower than t-critical value. There is not revealed significant difference in adolescent students' self-esteem on the basis of sex. H02: There is no significant difference between 10th & 12th grade students' SelfEsteem. Grade Number Mean
SD
10th
85
70.482 9.634
12th
136
69.742 8.954
Df
t- calculated t-critical value P value value at 0.05 level
219
0.580
1.970
0.562
The null hypothesis is accepted at 0.05 level of significance. The t- calculated value is lower than t-critical value. There is not revealed significant difference in adolescent students' self-esteem on the basis of grade. H03: There is no significant difference between arts & science stream twelfth grade students' Self-Esteem. Stream Number Mean
SD
Arts Student
106
68.433 7.869
Science Student
30
74.366 10.984
df
134
t-critical t- calculated value at 0.05 P value value level 3.320
1.977
0.001
The null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. The t- calculated value is higher than t-critical value. There revealed that there is a significant difference in adolescent students' self-esteem on the basis of stream. H04: There is no significant difference between the students' Self-Esteem from primary & secondary level educated parents. Educational Number Mean Qualification
SD
Below Secondary
116
67.275 7.853
Secondary and Above
105
73.066 9.661
tt-critical df calculate value at P value d value 0.05 level
219
4.908
1.970
1.8E
The null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. There revealed that there is a significant difference in adolescent students' self-esteem on the basis of parental educational qualification. 6. CONCLUSION: The study contradicts the research done by Farid and Akbar (2013) as there is difference in self esteem on the basis of sex. The study also contradicts the study carried out by Serena et. al. (2008) where they stated that there is a statistically significant relationship between self esteem score and sex, age, race, religion etc. The study agrees the study done by Singh and Gunjan (2012) where they stated that there is a positive and significant relationship between self esteem of students and family environment, the variable considered in our study by means of parental educational qualification. Based on the findings it can be concluded that parents should take effective steps to create holistic home atmosphere to enhance their self esteem as parental educational qualification influence the self esteem of students. Parents having higher educational qualification can create an environment at home where their children get academic support and other assistance that brings up there psychological and sociological well-being. REFERENCES: 1.
Chauhan, S. S.(2014). Advanced Educational Psychology. New Delhi:Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
2.
Eremie, M. D., & Chickweru, A. E. (2015). Slf-esteem Among Privet and Public Secondary School Students in Rivers State: Implications for counselling. Arabian J Bus Manag Review, 159(5). DOI: 10.4172/2223 5833. 1000159.
3.
Farid, M., & Akbar, M. (2013). Self-Esteem of secondary school students in Pakistan. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 14. 1325-1330.
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Mangal, S. K., & Mangal, S. (2015). Research Methodology in Behavioural Sciences. Delhi:PHI Learning Privet Limited.
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Sheena, M. S., & at. al. (2008). Self-Esteem and Its Associated Factors Among Secondary School Students in Klang District, Salengor. Med J Malaysia, 63(1).
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Singh. S ; Bhatia. G(2012). Study of Self- esteem of Secondary School Students in Relation to their Family Environment. International Journal of Scientific and Research Pub-
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