Research Paper
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E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 7 | Jul 2021
PASHTYAT VICHARON KA BHARTIYA VIKALP EKATM MANAV DARSHAN
ik'pkR; fopkjksa dk Hkkjrh; fodYi ,dkRe ekuo n'kZu Sunny Shukla Researcher, Din Dayal Upadhyay Peeth, Himachal Pradesh Vishwavidhyalaya ABSTRACT
vkS|ksfxd dzkafr ds ckn iwathokn vkSj lektokn ;g nksuksa izdkj dh fopkj/kkjk,a fodflr gqbZ FkhA chloha “krkCnh ds nwljs n’kd ls nksuksa fopkj/kkjk,a etcwrh ds lkFk fn[kus yxh FkhA fopkj/kkjkvksa ds vk/kkj ij nks ;q)ksa dks nqfu;k usa ^fo’o ;q)^ ds :i esa Hkh ns[kk Fkk] ftldks ge tkurs gSaA Lora=rk ds i’pkr Hkkjr dh jktuhfrd fLFkrh ,oa lekt dh tks fueZfr cu jgh Fkh] bldk vkdyu iafMr nhu n;ky mik/;k; }kjk vius fparu ds ek/;e ls fd;kA Hkkjr esa O;fDr dk tks egRo cu jgk Fkk] tks lkaLd`frd psruk Fkh ml lkaLd`frd psruk dk tks Lo:i cnyk tk jgk Fkk] bu lc dh O;kid leh{kk djus ds ckn mik/;k; th us ^,dkRe ekuo n’kZu^ dh ckr dh FkhA xka/kh dk ^fgan Lojkt^ ftlesa os ^loksZn;^ dh vo/kkj.kk dks izLrqr djrs gSa vkSj ftldks ckn esa fouksck us fodflr fd;k Fkk ^,dkRe ekuo n’kZu^ Hkh mlh dk ,d ;qfDr ;qDr gSA xka/kh dh ^Lojkt^ dh vo/kkj.kk esa ,d lar Lo:i ek= fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] vke O;fDr ugha fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ogha fouksck esa fdz;k’khy O;fDr fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ysfdu oks fdz;k’khy O;fDr Hkh rHkh mi;ksxh gS rHkh og ,d dY;k.kdkjh O;oLFkk esa ;ksxnku dj ldrk gS] tc buds }kjk izfrikfnr ,dkn’k ozrksa dk ikyu djus okyk vR;ar lar pfj= euq'; gSA mlesa lk/kkj.k vke O;fDr] ftlesa viuh fpark Hkh gS vkSj nwljksa dh Hkh gS] vius lq[k ds fopkj ds lkFk nwljksa ds lq[k dk Hkh fopkj gks] ftlesa LokFkhZ euq'; dh tks nq'izo`fr;ka gS mudks nwj ,oa ifjfleu djrs gq, mlesa Js'B euq'; ds lnxq.kksa dk mn~Hkkou djrs gq, O;fDr] lekt] jk'Vª dk fuekZ.k djds vkSj var esa fo’o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk lds] ;g ckrsa fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh blh ij nhu n;ky mik/;k; dk tksj jgrk gSA iafMr th dk tksj ^,dkRe ekuo n’kZu^ esa ,d laLdkfjr O;fDr tks viuh {kerkvksa dk foLrkj rFkk vius lq[k vkSj lalk/kuksa dk l`tu djrs gq, vU;ksa ds Hkh lq[k ds fy, fopkj djrk gSA tks ;ksX;] lkeFkZ] rkdroj gS ogh thfor jgsxk bl izdkj dh tks lkekftd Lohd`fr Fkh vkSj mlds vk/kkj ij jktuhfrd] lkekftd vkSj vFkZuhfr ds fl)kar fodflr gks jgs Fks vkSj jk'Vªkas ds chp ;q) Hkh gq, Fks] bu lcls NqVdkjk iwjs fo’o dks izkIr gks lds bl rjg ekWMy ds :i esa Hkkjrh; lekt] jk'Vª [kM+k gks lds] bldk ,d ^n’kZu^ iafMr th izLFkkfir djrs gSaA izLrkouk] mn~s’; o leh{kk % Hkkjr nqfu;k esa fo’oxq: dh igpku j[krs gq,] vk/;kfRed :i ls Hkh fo”o dk ekxZn’kZu le;&le; ij djrk vk;k gSA Hkkjr dks lksus dh fpfM+;k ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk FkkA Hkkjr iwjh nqfu;k esa lq[kh] le`) rFkk “kfDr’kkyh jk'Vª FkkA Hkkjrh; ijaijk] lH;rk rFkk laLd`fr fo’o esa lcls iqjkuh laLd`fr esa ls ,d gSA vxj Hkkjr dks vPNh rjg lss le>uk gS rks jkek;.k] egkHkkjr tSls dkO;ksa rFkk lkfgR; dks i<+uk vfr vo’;d gks tkrk gSA nhu n;ky mik/;k; }kjk tks fopkj nqfu;k ds le{k j[kk x;k] oks blh Hkkjrh; ijaijk dk fparu dj of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA ^Hkkjrh; fopkj ijaijk ^okns okns tk;r~s rRocks/kk^ ¼fopkj foe’kZ ls rRo dk cks/k gksrk gS½ dh ijaijk gSSA osn] mifu'kn] jkek;.k o egkHkkjr ds vk/kkj ij ftl ^/kEkZ^ dk iz.k;u gqvk og lukru /keZ] vk;Z/keZ rFkk dkykarj esa fganw/keZ dgyk;kA lukru /keZ dBksj vFkksZa esa laLFkkc) /keZ u FkkA vr% vusd izfrHkk laiUu nk’kZfudksa us eq[;/kkjk ds i{k o foi{k esa vius nk’kZfud 1 erksa dk izfriknu fd;kA^ vkt Hkh ge tc izHkq Jh jke dh ckr djrs gSa rks muds pfj= dks Lej.k dj mudks vkn’kZ ekudj thou;kiu djrs gSaA jke iwjs jk'Vª dks tksM+us dk dke Hkh djrk gS vkSj ;g lekt dh Hkkoukvksa ls Hkh tqM+k gqvk uke gSA egkHkkjr esa Jh d`'.k }kjk tks Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ xbZ] mls u Hkwykdj gesa v/kZe ij /keZ dh fot; dk cks/k gksuk pkfg,A jke dk pfj= rks osn ,oa mifu'kn dh e;kZnkvksa dh LFkkiuk djus okyk gh gS ysfdu Jhd`'.k ds mn~Hko us Hkkjrh; fparu ijaijk esa dzkafrdkjh ifjorZu fd;kA oSls rks laiw.kZ egkHkkjr gh fopkj iz/kku xzaFk gS] ysfdu Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk blesa lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ gSA xhrk dks mifu'knksa dk gh lkj ekuk tkrk gSA Hkkjrh; fopkjk ijaijk oSfnd fopkj/kkjk ls izkajHk gksrh gS] tks fo’ooknh gSA blesa laiw.kZ fo’o dks ,d bdkbZ ekuk x;k gS % ekrk Hkwfe% iq=ks vga i`fFkO;k% 2 ¼Hkwfe ekrk gS rFkk ge i`Foh ds iq= gSa½A oSfnd fopkj ijaijk euq'; esa *vk;ZRo* dh
izfr'Bkid gSA oSfnd fopkj/kkjk esa *vk;Z* “kCn uLyoknh u gksdj Js'B tu dk ifjpk;d gSA oSfnd _f'k ?kks'k.kk djrs gSa% d`.oUrksa 3 fo’oek;Ze ~ ¼ge laiw.kZ fo’o dks vk;Z cuk,aa½A fu’p; gh ;g uLy ifjorZu dk ugha oju~ laLdkj laiknu dk mn~?kks'k FkkA oSfnd fopkj ijaijk dsoy vk/;kfRed vkSj vkRek ijekRekijd fopkj djus okyh ijaijk ugha gSA og ykSfdd lekt dh lerk o jk'Vªh; le`f) dk Hkh fparu djrh gSA e/;dkyhu fparu/kkjk ,oa Hkkjrh; iqutkZxj.k dky e/;dky esa bLyke o Hkkjrh; fopkjksa dk ladze.k gqvkA bLyke Hkkjr esa ,d oSpkfjd o O;kogkfjd laLd`fr ds lkFk gh jktuhfrd lkezkT;okn Hkh ysdj vk;kA vr% Hkkjrh; o bLykeh la”ys'k.k i;kZIr dVqrktud jgkA bl dky esa Hkh Hkkjrh; fopkj ijaijk ds okgd fo|kj.; Lokeh] rqylhnkl] lwjnkl] rqdkjke rFkk ,dukFk tSls lar gh jgsA e/;dkyhu Hkkjrh; fparu/kkjk ij Lokeh foosdkuan us vius fopkj O;Dr djrs gq, dgk] ^jkekuan] dchj] nknw] pSrU; o ukud ds }kjk LFkkfir iaFkksa ds lHkh larksa us ijLij nk’kZfud erHksn gksrs gq, Hkh ekuo lerk dk leku :i ls izpkj fd;kA mudh leLr “kfDr turk ij bLyke dh fot; ds osxoku~ izokg dks jksdus esa gh [kpZ gks xbZ vkSj u, fopkjksa rFkk vkdka{kkvksa dk tUe nsus dk mudks vodk’k gh ugha feykA ;|fi mUgksaus turk dks mlds izkphu /keZ ij vf/kf'Br j[kus vkSj eqlyekuksa ds dV~Vjokn dks Hkax djus esa fuLlansg lQyrk ikbZ] rFkkfi os dsoy thus ds fy, la?k'kZ djrs jgsA 4 os vkRej{kkijd FksA^ ckSf)d n`f'V ls Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dk ;g lcls va/kdkje; dky FkkA ^;g nksuksa lkezkT; tks eqlyekuksa ds fo:)&tu mUekn vkSj ?k`.kk dk iw.kZ izfrfuf/kRko djrs gq, mYdkikr ds leku Hkkjrh; xxu ij peds tc os viuh ?k`.kk ds y{; eqlyekuksa ds lkezkT; dks [kaM&[kafMr djus esa leFkZ gks x,] mlh
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