Research Paper
History
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 8 | Issue : 5 | May 2022
A STUDY OF THE HISTORY AND PRESENT OPPORTUNITIES TO LEARN HINDI AS A SUBJECT IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN MIZORAM Dr. Lalmuanawma Sailo Assistant Professor, Mizoram Hindi Training College, Durtlang North, Aizawl, Mizoram, India. ABSTRACT Hindi is the official and most widely used language in India. However, in Mizoram, majority of the people do not know how speak, read or write in Hindi. With the establishment of 'Zoram Hindi Prachar Samiti' in 1954 and the subsequent establishment of various educational institutions teaching in Hindi language, efforts have been taken to develop Hindi language in Mizoram. At present there are 7 educational institutions that offer various courses of studies in Hindi language in Mizoram. It is imperative that these institutions and the courses of studies they offer be publicized among the masses so that the importance of education in Hindi language and literacy in Hindi is further developed in the Mizoram. KEYWORDS: Official Language of India, Hindi, Development, Hindi Education, Mizoram. INTRODUCTION: India is a multilingual nation but Hindi, one of its official languages is the most spoken language in the country. Over 600 million people speak, read and write Hindi in India and abroad. In the north east region however, particularly in Mizoram, most of the people do not know how to speak, read or write in Hindi. English and Mizo are the most spoken languages and are the main medium of education as well. Since the establishment of “Zoram Hindi Prachar Samiti” now ''Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha” in 1954, efforts have been taken continuously to promote Hindi Language especially in education. Although many developments regarding education in Hindi language could be seen, there is still much to achieve. OBJECTIVES: The present study has been designed with the following objectives: 1) To study the history of development and propagation of Hindi language in Mizoram.
have been an increasing number of learners enrolled for Hindi Education over the years. Many of the Hindi teachers that are employed by the State Government are the Product of Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha that acts as the Board. An increasing number of the Mizo people have also engaged in occupations relating to Hindi education over the years in Mizoram. In addition to the Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha, various Hindi Educational Institutions have been established in Mizoram such as Mizoram Hindi Training College, Study Centre of Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalay in Mizoram Hindi Training College, Hindi Departments in Government Kamlanagar College, Government Aizawl College and Mizoram University. II. Different levels of Hindi Educational Institutions found in Mizoram. The various Hindi Educational Institutions in Mizoram are of different types based on the different levels, types and standards of Hindi Education they provide. The various Hindi Educational Institutions with their respective levels of education are presented in Table 2.1 as follows.
2) To identify the different levels of Hindi Educational Institutions found/exist in Mizoram.
Table 2.1: Different levels of Hindi Educational Institutions in Mizoram Names of Institutions
Levels of Education
3) To find out the courses offered in different Educational Institutions in Mizoram.
Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha Mizoram Hindi Training College
Government Kamalanagar College Government Aizawl College
Class 10, Class 12 and BA levels In- service and Pre- service Hindi Teachers' Training for Middle school, High School and Higher Secondary School Levels Undergraduate level Undergraduate level
Mizoram University
Postgraduate and Ph.D. levels
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study adopts a descriptive method of study. Data sources include secondary data sources such as online and offline publications as well as primary data sources including- interviews, questionnaires of the Chairman/ Principal and Staffs of different Hindi Educational Institutions. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS: I. History of development and propagation of Hindi language in Mizoram. In Mizoram, Hindi is not spoken as a first language and most people do not know how to read and write in Hindi despite it being an Official language. Knowing the need for education in Hindi language, in 1954, the present Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha was established in the name of “Zoram Hindi Prachar Samiti” in Aizawl, City of Mizoram by the Assam Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti and the Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti, Wardha by the then Hindi Lovers. The main objective of the founders of the society was to promote the spirit of nationalism through the propagation of Hindi in the Mizo Community. The decision to use the textbooks of Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti Wardha and Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti Assam to run different classes was taken in 1954. In January 1972, the Lushai Hills which was a district under the Assam Government was made the Union Territory by the Central Government. Knowing time favourable of Hindi, the leaders have changed the name to “Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha” in order to propagate Hindi among the Mizo Community independently in the light of the Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti Wardha and Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti Assam by establishing a separate institution and registered with Firm and Society by the same name. Hindi education witnessed great progress in Mizoram especially since the establishment of Zoram Hindi Prachar Samiti in 17 November, 1954. There
Indira Gandhi National Open Undergraduate and Postgraduate levels University (IGNOU) Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Undergraduate Hindi Vishwavidyalaya (MGHAV). As shown Table 2.1, the levels of Hindi education offered by various Hindi Educational Institutions differ widely. Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha acts as the board of Hindi Education from a lower level. Under this board, class 10 (Hindi Prabodh), class 12 (Hindi Visharad) and B.A (Hindi Praveen) can be studied in various schools and colleges across the state. However, these qualifications under the Mizoram Hindi Prachar Sabha are applicable only in the field of Hindi inside Mizoram and are not equivalent to general qualifications. Mizoram Hindi Training College is a full-fledged Post-graduate Degree College engaged in various Training Courses for In-service Hindi Teachers of Higher Secondary, High School and Middle School under the Govt. of Mizoram and Preservice Hindi Teachers. Government Kamalanagar College and Government Aizawl College are State Government's undergraduate colleges with separate Hindi Departments. Also Mizoram University is a Central University with a separate Hindi Department offering Postgraduate (M.A) and Ph.D. levels of Hindi education.
Copyright© 2022, IERJ. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms.
International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
3