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lqxe Hkk"kk] mTToy Hkfo";

fganh ikB~;iqLrd

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fganh ikB~;iqLrd

le; osQ lkFk gekjs thou vkSj f'k{kk esa yxkrkj ifjorZu gks jgs gSaA ubZ pqukSfr;ksa] ubZ vko';drkvksa vkSj vk/qfud thou dh rs”k xfr us f'k{kk dks vkSj vf/d lkFkZd ,oa mi;ksxh cukus dh vko';drk mRiUu dh gSA blh mís'; ls çLrqr gS& ^vkstl* fganh ikB~;iqLrd Ük`a•ykA ;g ikB~;iqLrd jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP 2020)] jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs•k (NCF 2023) vkSj lrr fodkl y{;ksa (SDGs) osQ vuq:i rS;kj dh xbZ gSA bl ikB~;iqLrd dk mn~sn'; osQoy Hkk"kk dk Kku djkuk ugha gS] cfYd fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks thou&dkS'ky] rkfoZQd lksp] leL;k dk gy •kstus dh {kerk] jpukRedrk vkSj lkekftd laosnu'khyrk ls le`n~/ djkuk Hkh gSA ;g ikB~;iqLrd fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks lh•us dh çfØ;k esa lfØ; cuk,xh vkSj mUgsa f”kEesnkj] laosnu'khy vkSj ltx ukxfjd cuus esa lgk;rk djsxhA ^vkstl* Ük`a•yk esa ,sls ikB vkSj vH;kl fn, x, gSa tks fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks mudh ijaijkvksa ls tksM+rs gSa vkSj vk/qfud fopkjksa ls Hkh ifjfpr djkrs gSaA blesa dgkfu;k¡] dfork,¡] ukVd] laokn] vkRedFkk] thofu;k¡] ;k=kk&o`RRkkar] i=k&ys•u vkSj fp=k&o.kZu tSlh vusd fo/k,¡ 'kkfey gSaA fo"k; Hkh fofo/ gSa& tSls çÑfr] i;kZoj.k] foKku] lekt] ewY;] dyk] laLÑfr vkSj jk"VªçseA ;s ikB i<+us esa jkspd gSa vkSj fon~;kfFkZ;ksa esa uSfrd ewY; rFkk thou&ewY; Hkh fodflr djrs gSaA ikB~;&lkexzh dk p;u fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dh vk;q vkSj Lrj dks è;ku esa j•dj fd;k x;k gSA xfrfof/;k¡ vkSj vH;kl ,sls cuk, x, gSa tks vè;;u dks f'k{kkçn vkSj vkuannk;d cukrs gSaA bl ikB~;iqLrd dh fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd blesa Hkk"kk osQ lHkh dkS'ky& lquuk] cksyuk] i<+uk] fy•uk] O;kogkfjd O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn&HkaMkj vkfn 'kkfey gSaA çR;sd ikB osQ lkFk ,d QR dksM fn;k x;k gS] ftldh lgk;rk ls ikB~;&lkexzh dks ohfM;ks osQ :i esa ns•k tk ldrk gSA

ikB~;iqLrd esa NEP 2020 vkSj NCF 2023 osQ ewY;ksa ls tqM+s fpg~u Hkh fn, x, gSaA ;s fpg~u gesa crkrs gSa fd ikBksa esa fdl izdkj ls jpukRedrk] lg;ksx] vkykspukRed lksp] thou&dkS'ky] lrr fodkl y{; vkSj ewY;&vk/kfjr f'k{kk vkfn dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA

bl Ük`a•yk dks rS;kj djrs le; fon~oku f'k{kdksa vkSj Hkk"kk&fo'ks"kKksa osQ lq>ko fy, x, gSaA lkFk gh osQaæh; fganh funs'kky; n~okjk r; fd, x, Hkk"kk&ekudksa dk ikyu fd;k x;k gSA gesa fo'okl gS fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd f'k{k.k dks vkSj vf/d lqxe] mi;ksxh vkSj jkspd cuk,xhA

ge vius f'k{kd&f'kf{kdkvksa ls fouez vuqjks/ djrs gSa fd le;≤ ij vius fopkj vkSj lq>ko nsdj gekjk ekxZn'kZu djrs jgsaA vkiosQ lq>ko gekjs fy, vewY; gSa vkSj ge mUgsa vxys laLdj.kksa esa lfEefyr djus dk iwjk ç;kl djsaxsA izdk'kd

jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (2020) vkSj jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs•k (2023) osQ ewY;

^vkstl* esa NEP 2020 vkSj NCF 2023 osQ lHkh ewY; laosQrd&fpg~u (icons) osQ :i esa fn, x, gSa] ftudk fooj.k bl izdkj gS&

dyk vkSj jpukRedrk

fp=kdyk] ukVd] laxhr vkSj vU; dykvksa osQ ç;ksx ls f'k{k.k dks vkuannk;d vkSj l`tukRed cukukA

[ksyowQn

'kkjhfjd xfrfof/;ksa vkSj •syksa osQ ekè;e ls f'k{k.k dks jkspd vkSj thoar cukukA

,dhÑr f'k{k.k

fofHkUu fo"k;ksa vkSj dkS'kyksa dks tksM+dj lh•us osQ vuqHko dks laiw.kZ] vkuannk;d vkSj vFkZiw.kZ cukukA

Hkkjrh;rk vkSj lkaLoQfrd lekos'k

Hkkjr dh laLÑfr] ijaijk vkSj ewY;ksa ls tqM+h lkexzh n~okjk ns'k osQ çfr xoZ vkSj tqM+ko c<+kukA

lewg dk;Z

fey&tqydj dke djus] ,d&nwljs dh enn djus vkSj lewg Hkkouk dks fodflr djukA

lrr fodkl y{;

çÑfr dh j{kk] gfj;kyh] 'kkafr vkSj lekurk ls tqM+s ewY;ksa dks viukrs gq, lqjf{kr thou thukA

lkekftd vkSj HkkoukRed dkS'ky

lHkh dh Hkkoukvksa dks le>uk] nwljksa osQ lkFk vPNs laca/ cukuk vkSj f”kEesnkjh ysukA

LOk;a djosQ lh[kuk

Lo;a djosQ lh•us okyh xfrfof/;ksa osQ ekè;e ls Kku vkSj dkS'ky izkIr djukA

mPp Lrjh; fparu

fo'ys"k.k djuk] u, fopkj •kstuk] leL;kvksa dk gy fudkyuk vkSj xgjkbZ ls lkspukA

thou dkS'ky

izfrfnu thou ls lacaf/r dkS'kyksa dk fodkl vkSj mi;ksx djukA

1 esjk ifjokj

lg;ksx vkSj viukiu fl[kkrk gSA ge tkusaxs fd ifjokj ds lkFk jgdj ge lqjf{kr] [kq'k vkSj laLdkjoku curs gSaA

esjk ifjokj

ge tkusaxs

gekjk Hkkjr I;kjk vkSj lqanj ns'k gSA ;gk¡ Å¡ps&Å¡ps igkM+ vkSj ifo=k ufn;k¡ cgrh gSaA ;gk¡ gesa vUu] IkwQy] iQy vkSj ikuh feyrk gSA gesa vius ns'k dk vknj djuk pkfg,A

vkvks i<a+s

Hkkjr rw gS gedks I;kjk] rw gS lc ns'kksa ls U;kjkA

eqOkqQV fgeky; rsjk lqanj] /ksrk rsjs pj.k lEaknjA

xaxk&;equk dh gSa /kjk]

ftuls gS ifo=k tx lkjkA vUu] IkwQy] IkQy] ty gSa I;kjs] rq>esa jRu tokgj U;kjsA

blesa ikB dh fo"k;&oLrq dk laf{kIr ifjp; vkSj mn~ns'; fn;k x;k gSA

U;kjk& vuks[kk@vPNk_ eqOkqQV& rkt_ pj.k& iSj_ Ikfo=k& 'kqn~/@lkI

xaxk&;equk dh gSa /kjk]

ftuls gS ifo=k tx lkjkA

gekjk Hkkjr

vUu] IkwQy] IkQy] ty gSa I;kjs]

Jqrys[k Lkqanjifo=ktokgjloZnk;equk lq;'kiq=k/kjkfgeky;o`Q".k lkspks vkSj crkvks 1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks& (d) Hkkjr osQ pj.k dkSu

blesa ikB dh eq[; fo"k;&oLrq nh xbZ gSA lkFk gh lacaf/r fp=k Hkh 'kkfey fd, x, gSa] rkfd fon~;kFkhZ vklkuh ls le> lossaQ vkSj f'k{k.k jkspd cu losQA

;g Hkh tkusa% blesa ikB dh fo"k;&oLrq ls lacaf/r vfrfjDr tkudkjh nh xbZ gS] ftlls fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dk Kku vkSj c<+sxkA

jke&Ok`Q".k ls var;kZeh] rsjs lHkh iq=k gSa ukehA ge lnSo rsjk xq.k xk,¡] lc fof/ rsjk lq;'k c<+k,¡A &lksguyky n~foosnh

blesa ikB esa vk, dfBu 'kCnksa osQ ljy vFkZ mlh i`"B ij fn, x, gSaA blls

jke&Ok`Q".k ls var;kZeh] rsjs lHkh iq=k gSa ukehA ge lnSo rsjk xq.k xk,¡] lc fof/ rsjk lq;'k c<+k,¡A &lksguyky n~foosnh

Hkkjr osQ >aMs dks frjaxk dgrs gaSA blesa rhu jax gksrs gSa& Åij osQlfj;k] ksQn vkSj uhps gjk jax gksrk gSA lIksQn iV~Vh esa uhys jax dk v'kksd pØ gksrk gSA & eu dh ckr tkuus okyk_ lnSo& ges'kk_ fof/& rjhdk_ lq;'k& lEeku@dhfrZ

Jqrys[k% blesa ikB osQ oqQN dfBu 'kCn fn, x, gSa] ftUgsa fon~;kFkhZ ekud orZuh osQ vuqlkj fy•us dk vH;kl dj losaQxsA

Hkkjr osQ >aMs dks frjaxk dgrs gaSA blesa rhu jax gksrs gSa& Åij osQlfj;k] ksQn vkSj uhps gjk jax gksrk gSA lIksQn iV~Vh esa uhys jax dk v'kksd pØ gksrk gSA var;kZeh & lEeku@dhfrZ

Jqrys[k

& dherh iRFkj

var;kZeh& eu dh ckr tkuus okyk_ lnSo& ges'kk_ fof/& rjhdk_ lq;'k& lEeku@dhfrZ

Hkkjr osQ >aMs dks frjaxk dgrs gaSA blesa rhu jax gksrs gSa& Åij osQlfj;k] chp esa lIksQn vkSj uhps gjk jax gksrk gSA lIksQn iV~Vh esa uhys jax dk v'kksd pØ gksrk gSA

Jqrys[k

Jqrys[k Lkqanjifo=ktokgjloZnk;equk lq;'kiq=k/kjkfgeky;o`Q".k

Lkqanjifo=ktokgjloZnk;equk lq;'kiq=k/kjkfgeky;o`Q".k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks& (d) Hkkjr osQ pj.k dkSu /ksrk gS\ ([k) dfo us Hkkjr dks I;kjk vkSj U;kjk D;ksa dgk gS\ (x) vxj rqe dfo gksrs] rks Hkkjr dh dkSu&lh vPNh ckrsa viuh dfork esa fy•rs\ (?k) Hkkjr osQ izfr vius drZO;ksa dks fuHkkus osQ fy, ge D;k&D;k dj ldrs gSa\ jke&Ok`Q".k ls var;kZeh] rsjs lHkh iq=k gSa ukehA ge lnSo rsjk xq.k xk,¡] lc

Lkqanjifo=ktokgjloZnk;equk lq;'kiq=k/kjkfgeky;o`Q".k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

Lkkspks vkSj crkvks% blesa ikB ls tqM+s ç'uksa osQ mRrj fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks lkspdj ekSf•d :i ls crkuss gSaA blls mudk Jo.k] okpu vkSj fparu dkS'ky fodflr gksxk vkSj os ikB dks vPNh rjg le>us esa l{ke gksaxsA

Lkkspks vkSj fy[kks% blesa ikB ls tqM+s ç'uksa osQ mRrj fy•us gSaA blls mudk fo'ys"k.k] fparu vkSj ys•u dkS'ky fodflr gksxk vkSj os vius fopkjksa dks Li"V :i ls O;Dr djus esa l{ke gksaxsA

Hkk"kk&Kku% blesa O;kogkfjd O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn&Kku osQ fy, ç'u fn, x, gSa] ftlls fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dh Hkk"kk ij idM+ e”kcwr cusxhA

vkvks oqQN djsa% blesa ifj;kstuk dk;Z fn, x, gSaA budh enn ls fon~;kFkhZ vuqla/ku (fjlpZ) vkSj fofHkUu izdkj osQ jPkukRed dkS'ky lh[ksaxsA

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks& (d) Hkkjr dk eqdqV fdls dgk x;k gS\ (i) xaxk (ii) fgeky; (iii) lEaknj (iv) ;equk

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks& (d) Hkkjr dk eqdqV fdls dgk x;k gS\ (i) xaxk (ii) fgeky; iii) lEaknj (iv) ;equk

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks& (d) Hkkjr dk eqdqV fdls dgk x;k gS\ ) xaxk (ii) fgeky; (iii) lEaknj (iv) ;equk

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa dks leku y; okys 'kCnksa ls feykvkss& (d) I;kjs (i)c<+k,¡ (•) var;kZeh (ii)okj (x) xk,¡ (iii)U;kjs (?k) pkj (iv)Nfo (Ä) jfo (v)ukeh

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa dks leku y; okys 'kCnksa ls feykvkss& (d) I;kjs (i)c<+k,¡ (•) var;kZeh (ii)okj (x) xk,¡ (iii)U;kjs (?k) (iv)Nfo (Ä) jfo (v)ukeh

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa dks leku y; okys 'kCnksa ls feykvkss& (d) I;kjs (i)c<+k,¡ (•) var;kZeh (ii)okj (x) xk,¡ (iii)U;kjs (?k) (iv)Nfo (Ä) jfo (v)ukeh vkvks OkqQN djsa dfork esa geus Hkkjr OksQ ckjs esa cgqr&lh ckrsa tkuhaA vc ge Hkkjr OksQ jk"Vªh; çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA

 uhps gj çrhd osQ ckjs esa nks&nks iafDr;k¡ nh xbZ gaSA bu iafDr;ksa dks i<+ks vkSj igpkuks fd ;s fdu çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa gSa\ fiQj mu çrhdksa dk uke fy[kksA

 fn, x, LFkku ij fp=k fpidkvks ;k cukvksA fiQj uke fy[kksA

vkvks OkqQN djsa dfork esa geus Hkkjr OksQ ckjs esa cgqr&lh ckrsa tkuhaA vc ge Hkkjr OksQ jk"Vªh; çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA

 uhps gj çrhd osQ ckjs esa nks&nks iafDr;k¡ nh xbZ gaSA bu iafDr;ksa dks i<+ks vkSj igpkuks fd ;s fdu çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa gSa\ fiQj mu çrhdksa dk uke fy[kksA

 fn, x, LFkku ij fp=k fpidkvks ;k cukvksA fiQj uke fy[kksA

vkvks OkqQN djsa dfork esa geus Hkkjr OksQ ckjs esa cgqr&lh ckrsa tkuhaA vc ge Hkkjr OksQ jk"Vªh; çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA  uhps gj çrhd osQ ckjs esa nks&nks iafDr;k¡ nh xbZ gaSA bu iafDr;ksa dks i<+ks vkSj igpkuks fd ;s fdu çrhdksa osQ ckjs esa gSa\ fiQj mu çrhdksa dk uke fy[kksA

Øekad ikB dk uke fo/k O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn Kku fozQ;kdyki thou dkS'ky vkSj ewY;

1 esjk ifjokj dfork foykse fp=k fpidkuk] ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa osQ uke fy[kuk ifjokj dk egRo le>uk

2 xhnM+ vkSj mQ¡V dgkuh opu] foykse iisV (dBiqryh) cukuk] vfHku; djuk fe=krk dk egRo le>uk

iz/kuea=kh ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh th dh lknxh] bZekunkjh vkSj ifjJe dks le>uk

3 ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh Tkhouh laKk] lekukFkhZ dkxT+k dh uko cukuk

4 gksyh vkbZ dfork foykse] rqdkar] lekukFkhZ 'kCn fp=k cukdj jax Hkjuk gksyh dk R;ksgkj vkSj Hkkjrh; laLOk`Qfr ls tqM+ko

5 g¡l&g¡l ekjs NDdk

6 nknh ek¡ dfork fyax] loZUkke] 'kCn& ozQe ifjokj&o`{k Hkjuk ifjokj esa nknh OksQ egRo dks le>uk vkSj cM+ksa dk vknj djuk

7 nksLrh dh nkor dgkuh csesy 'kCn] laKk dgkuh irk djuk] fp=k esa jaXk Hkjuk fe=krk vkSj ,d&nwljs dh enn djus OksQ egRo dks le>uk

8 jhek dk I;kjk lalkj dgkuh fojke&fpg~u] la;qDrk{kj lSaMfop cukuk] iQy vkSj lfC”k;ksa osQ uke fy[kuk ekrk&firk OksQ ifjJe dks le>uk vkSj mudk vknj djuk

9 Lkh[kks dfork Rkqdkar 'kCn] laKk fopkj fy[kuk] fp=k esa jax Hkjuk izOk`Qfr ls tqM+ko vkSj lh[k

10 bZekunkj ydM+gkjk

11 Ckk”kkj dfork foykse] fyax oLrqvksa dh lwph cukuk ckT kkj dh mi;ksfxrk vkSj vkfFkZd lg;ksx dks le>uk

Øekad ikB dk uke fo/k O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn Kku fozQ;kdyki thou dkS'ky vkSj ewY;

12 Tkaxy esa fozQosQV dgkuh fozQ;k] fons'kh 'kCn] iz'uokpd 'kCnksa dk okD;&iz;ksx dgkuh iwjh djuk] oxZ&igsyh gy djuk tkuojksa OksQ cgkus fe=krk vkSj fØOksQV OksQ [ksy OksQ ckjs esa tkuuk

13 ek¡xks er dgkuh loZUkke] okD;&la;kstu] ^m* rFkk ^Å* dh ek=kk okys 'kCn Lkgk;dksa osQ uke fy[kuk] fp=k esa jax Hkjuk bZekunkjh] lsok vkSj fouezrk OksQ egRo dks le>uk

14 vks.ke dk R;ksgkj ,dkadh foykse] lekukFkhZ] lgh 'kCn&p;u R;ksgkjksa vkSj O;atuksa osQ uke fy[kuk] ppkZ dk vk;kstu vks.ke OksQ R;ksgkj OksQ ckjs esa tkuuk] Hkkjrh; laLOk`Qfr ls tqM+ko

15 igsfy;k¡ 16 panw dh lkbfdy dfork rqdkar 'kCn] fozQ;k] vaxzs”kh 'kCnksa osQ fganh vFkZ ;krk;kr osQ vk/qfud lk/u] dfork <w¡<+uk lkbfdy pykus esa vkusokyh dfBukb;ksa dks le>uk vkSj cpko OksQ mik;

17 Ckk?k vkSj x/k dgkuh loZUkke] fo'ks"k.k] vuqLokj okys 'kCn eqoqQV cukuk] ek¡lkgkjh vkSj 'kkdkgkjh Ik'kqvksa dh lwph cukuk cgl dh fujFkZdrk dk le>uk vkSj ew[kZ yksxksa ls nwjh cukdj j[kuk

18 lkglh ckyd jatu dgkuh foykse] lekukFkhZ] laKk fp=k fpidkuk vkSj uke fy[kuk lkgl vkSj cgknqjh OksQ egRo dks le>uk vkSj dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa le>nkjh ls dke ysuk

19 gekjk >aMk 20 iQyksa dh ckrphr laokn fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCn euilan iQy dk fp=k cukuk iQy [kkus OksQ egRo dks le>uk

21 xktj dfork

1 esjk ifjokj

ge tkusaxs

bl ikB esa ifjokj OksQ fofHkUu lnL;ksa vkSj muOksQ dk;ksaZ dk ifjp; fn;k

x;k gSA nknk&nknh] ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ&cgu lc feydj ifjokj dks lq[kh

vkSj lqanj cukrs gSaA ;g ikB gesa çse] lg;ksx vkSj viukiu fl[kkrk gSA

vkvks i<a+s

;g gS esjk NksVw HkkbZ]

djrk esjs lkFk i<+kbZA

eqfu;k esjk uke gS]

i<+uk esjk dke gSA

;g esjk ifjokj gS]

lqanj&lk lalkj gSA

dke gS bldk cM+k fofp=k]

lnk cukrk jgrk fp=kA

lalkj& nqfu;k_ fofp=k& vuks[kk] vyx

nknh th gjne eqLdkrha]

gSa ehBs&ehBs xhr xkrhaA

gesa dgkuh ubZ lqukrha]

ge lcdk eu cgykrhaA

;g gSa esjh ekrk th]

budks lc OkqQN vkrk thA

O;atu u, cukrh gSa]

f[kykdj gesa lqykrh gSaA

nknk th dk vuqie Kku]

ftudh yach ew¡Nsa 'kkuA

NM+h ?kqekrs tkrs gSa]

lqcg Vgydj vkrs gSaA

firk lnk gh djrs dke]

dHkh ugha djrs vkjkeA

lqcg dks vkWfIkQl tkrs gSa]

'kke dks okil vkrs gSaA

vuqie& vuks[kk_ O;atu& idoku] [kkuk

gjh ?kkl gS xS;k [kkrh]

ean&ean oks dne c<+krhA

rkTkk ehBk nw/ fiykrh]

ge cPpksa OksQ eu dks HkkrhA

Pkkpk th dh ckr fujkyh]

dHkh ugha jgrs gSa [kkyhA

nsrs gSa ikS/ksa dks ikuh]

gesa i<+krs ubZ dgkuhA

;g gS viuk feV~Bw rksrk]

fiatjs esa gh tkdj lksrkA

Lkcls ;g cfr;krk gS]

tks dgks ogh nksgjkrk gSA

fujkyh& vyx_ dne& iSj

Jqrys[k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ eqfu;k osQ nknk th dh ew¡Nsa oSQlh gSa\

¼[k½ rqe viuh nknh dks D;k dgdj iqdkjrs gks\

¼x½ rqEgkjs ?kj esa dkSu&dkSu gSa\

¼?k½ ;fn ifjokj ugha gksrk] rks D;k gksrk\

¼Mñ½ rqe viuh ekrk th ;k firk th dh enn oSQls djrs gks\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

1- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ NksVw cukrk gS

¼i½ MaMk

¼ii½ fp=k

¼iii½ ia[kk ¼iv½ ikS/k

¼[k½ eqfu;k dk dke gS

¼i½ i<+uk

¼ii½ yM+uk

¼iii½ [kkuk ¼iv½ lksuk

¼x½ nknh xkrh gSa

¼i½ xhr

¼iii½ yksjh

¼ii½ dtjh

¼iv½ dfork

2- feyku

¼d½ (i) feV~Bw

¼[k½ (ii) NksVw

¼x½ (iii) nknk

¼?k½ (iv) ekrk

¼Mñ½ (v) nknh

3- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ yach ewNsa fdldh gSaS\

¼[k½ dfork esa ikS/ksa dks ikuh dkSu nsrk gS\

¼x½ feV~Bw rksrk D;k djrk gS\

¼?k½ NqV~Vh oQk fnu rqe vius ifjokj osQ lkFk oSQls fcrkrs gks\

Hkk"kk&Kku

myVs 'kCn (foykse 'kCn)% tks 'kCn fdlh nwljs 'kCn dk myVk vFkZ

crk,] mls myVs vFkZokys 'kCn dgrs gSa_ tSls& vPNk&cqjk] fnu&jkr]

nwj&ikl vkfnA

1- myVs vFkZokys 'kCnksa dks feykvkss&

¼d½ NksVk (i) BaMk

¼[k½ ehBk (ii) iqjkuk

¼x½ xje (iii) cM+k

¼?k½ u;k (iv) [kV~Vk

2- lgh 'kCn pqudj okD; iwjs djks&

¼d½ dgkuh lqukrh gSaA (nknh th@ekrk th)

¼[k½ nknh th xhr xkrh gSaA ([kV~Vs@ehBs)

(x) xk; dk nw/ gksrk gSA (lIksQn@uhyk)

(?k) xk; ?kkl [kkrh gSA (gjh@dkyh)

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 fdlh cM+s dh lgk;rk ls fy[kks&

vius firk th dk uke %

viuh ekrk th dk uke %

vius nknk th dk uke %

viuh nknh th dk uke %

vius HkkbZ dk uke %

viuh cgu dk uke %

 fn, x, LFkkuksa ij vius ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa osQ fp=k fpidkvks&

ge tkusaxs

fe=krk esa ,d&nwljs ij fo'okl Tk:jh gSA 'kjkjr ;k fTkn~n ls uqdlku gks

ldrk gSA gesa dHkh Hkh nwljksa dh ijs'kkuh dk dkj.k ugha cuuk pkfg,A

vkvks i<+sa ,d le; dh ckr gSA ,d taxy osQ ikl ,d xhnM+ vkSj ,d Å¡V jgrs FksA

/hjs&/hjs nksuksa esa fe=krk gks xbZA os izfrfnu feyrs vkSj ckrsa djrsA ,d fnu xhnM+ us Å¡V ls iwNk] ^^Å¡V HkkbZ! rqe brus ranq#Lr OkSQls gks\** Å¡V us xhnM+ dks crk;k] ^^eSa izfrfnu jkr dks [ksr esa tkdj rjcwT+k [kkrk gw¡A** rjcwT+k dk uke lqudj xhnM+ osQ eq¡g esa ikuh vk x;kA

fe=krk& nksLrh_ ranq#Lr& LoLFk_ eq¡g esa ikuh vkuk& eu esa ykyp txuk

xhnM+ cksyk] ^^eq>s Hkh ys pyks HkkbZ] eSaus vkt

rd rjcwTk ugha [kk, gSaA**

Å¡V us dgk] ^^Bhd gS] ysfdu esjh

,d 'krZ gS& rqe [ksr esa dksbZ

vkokTk er djuk] ojuk fdlku

gesa idM+ ysaxsA**

jkr dks nksuksa [ksr esa x,A ogk¡

mUgksaus ehBs&ehBs rjcwT+k [kk,A

xhnM+ [kq'k gksdj cksyk] ^^vc rks

esjk xkuk xkus dk eu gks jgk gSA**

Å¡V us dgk ^^vHkh ugha! igys gesa [ksr

ls ckgj fudyus nksA** ij xhnM+ us Å¡V dh ,d uk lquh vkSj og Tkksj&Tkksj ls xkuk xkus yxkA

fdlku tkx x,A os ykBh ysdj vk, vkSj nksuksa dks MaMk ekjdj

Hkxk fn;kA

Å¡V cgqr nq[kh gqvk vkSj cksyk] ^^vc eSa dHkh rqEgkjs lkFk ugha tkÅ¡xkA**

ml fnu osQ ckn ls Å¡V us

xhnM+ dk lkFk NksM+ fn;kA

Å¡V us [ksrksa esa tkuk Hkh can dj fn;k vkSj taxy esa gh [kkus ryk'k djuh 'kq: dj nhA

fdlku& [ksrh djus okyk O;fDr_ ykBh& MaMk_ ryk'k& [kkstuk

xhnM+ vkSj Å¡V

xhnM+ ,d NksVk taxyh tkuoj gSA ;g taxy vkSj xk¡o osQ vkl&ikl

jgrk gS rFkk iQy ,oa ek¡l •krk gSA xhnM+ cgqr rsTk nkSM+ ldrk gSA

bls ^fl;kj* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ;g OkqQRrs dh rjg fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA

Jqrys[k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ D;k lqudj xhnM+ OksQ eq¡g esa ikuh vk x;k\

¼[k½ Å¡V jkr dks [ksr esa tkdj D;k [kkrk Fkk\

¼x½ fdlku vius •sr dh j{kk D;ksa djrs gSa\

¼?k½ Å¡V OksQ euk djus OksQ ckn Hkh xhnM+ us xkuk D;ksa xk;k\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ xhnM+ vkSj Å¡V dgk¡ jgrs Fks\

¼i½ [ksr OksQ ikl

¼iii½ unh OksQ ikl

¼ii½ taxy OksQ ikl

¼iv½ xk¡o OksQ ikl

¼[k½ xhnM+ OksQ xkuk xkus ls dkSu tkx x;k\

¼i½ 'ksj

¼iii½ i{kh

¼x½ Å¡V us var esa D;k fd;k\

¼i½ [ksr esa tkuk can fd;kA

¼ii½ fdlku ls ekIkQh ek¡xhA

¼iii½ xhnM+ dks cgqr Mk¡VkA

¼iv½ taxy NksM+dj pyk x;kA

¼ii½ esgeku

¼iv½ fdlku

3- lgh () ;k xyr () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ xhnM+ vkSj Å¡V esa nq'euh gks xbZA

¼[k½ Å¡V us dgk& ge [ksr esa feydj xkuk xk,¡xsA

¼x½ fdlkuksa us ykBh ls Å¡V vkSj xhnM+ dks Hkxk;kA

¼?k½ Å¡V fiQj dHkh xhnM+ dks lkFk ugha ys x;kA

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ Å¡V us [ksr esa tkus ls igys D;k 'krZ j[kh\

¼[k½ fdlku dc vkSj D;ksa tkx x,\

¼Xk½ ;fn xhnM+ us xkuk u xk;k gksrk] rks D;k gksrk\

¼?k½ nksLrh fuHkkus osQ fy, dkSu&lh vknrsa T+k:jh gksrh gSa\

xhnM+ vkSj Å¡V

Okpu% fganh esa opu nks izdkj OksQ gksrs gSa& ,dopu rFkk cgqopuA fdlh

,d O;fDr] oLrq OksQ fy, ,dopu dk iz;ksx gksrk gS] tcfd ,d ls

vf/d O;fDr;ksa] oLrqvksa OksQ fy, cgqopu dk iz;ksx gksrk gS_ tSls&

OksQyk&OksQys] d{kk&d{kk, vkfnA

1- uhps fn, 'kCnksa osQ opu cnydj fy[kks&

¼d½ jkr & ¼[k½ ckr &

¼x½ esT+k & ¼?k½ cgu &

2- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk lgh foykse 'kCn ls feyku djks&

¼d½ ehBk ¼i½ jkr

¼•½ fnu ¼ii½ 'k=kq

¼x½ lq[kh ¼iii½ 'kkafr

¼?k½ fe=k ¼iv½ dM+ok

¼Mñ½ 'kksj ¼v½ nq[kh

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 vkvks cuk,¡ Å¡V vkSj xhnM+

lkexzh& jaxhu pkVZ isij] jaxhu isafly@ozsQ;kWu] oSaQph] xksan] eksVk xRrk

¼blosQ fy, iqjkus twrs dk fMCck Hkh ys ldrs gSaA½

cukus OksQ pj.k

pj.k 1& jaxhu pkVZ isij ij Å¡V vkSj xhnM+ dk psgjk cukvksA

pj.k 2& nksuksa OksQ psgjksa esa jax HkjksA

pj.k 3& vc psgjksa dks OkSaQph ls dkVksA

pj.k 4& psgjksa dks ,d eksVs xRrs ij fpidkvksA

pj.k 5& bu psgjksa dks gkFk ls idM+us osQ fy, buosQ ihNs

vkblozQhe dh MaMh fpidkvksA vc rqEgkjk iisV rS;kj gSA

 dBiqryh osQ lkFk nks&nks osQ lewg (;k iwjh d{kk) esa

vfHku; djks&

 ,d cPpk Å¡V dk iisV ysxkA

 nwljk cPpk xhnM+ dk iisV ysxkA

 nksuksa feydj dgkuh osQ laokn cksysaxsA

xhnM+ vkSj Å¡V

3 ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh

ge tkusaxs

bl ikB esa ge ns'k osQ iwoZ ç/kuea=kh ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh dh lknxh vkSj

bZekunkjh osQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA xjhc ifjokj esa tUe ysus osQ ckotwn os viuh

esgur vkSj bZekunkjh osQ cy ij ns'k OksQ nwljs iz/kuea=kh cusA

vkvks i<a+s

uko xaxk fdukjs [kM+h FkhA ;kf=k;ksa ls yxHkx Hkj pqdh FkhA jkeuxj osQ fy,

[kqyus okyh FkhA cl] nks&,d lokjh pkfg, FkhA uko osQ cxy esa ,d ckyd

[kM+k FkkA ukfod ml ckyd dks igpkurk FkkA og cksyk] ^^vk tkvksA [kM+s

D;ksa gks\ jkeuxj ugha tkuk gS D;k\**

cxy& ikl

yM+dk cksyk] ^^tkuk rks gS] ysfdu vkt eSa uko ls ugha tkÅ¡xkA**

ukfod cksyk] ^^jksTk rks tkrs gks] vkt D;k ckr gks xbZ\**

^^vkt esjs ikl fdjk;s osQ iSls ugha gSA** yM+dk cksykA

Ukkfod cksyk] ^^vkt ugha gS rks dksbZ ckr ugha] dy ns nsukA**

yM+dk lkspus yxk] ^^esjh ek¡ cM+h eqf'dy ls esjh i<+kbZ dk [kpZ tqVkrh gSaA

;fn dy iSls dk izca/ ugha gqvk rks dgk¡ ls nw¡xkA**

mlus ukfod ls dgk] ^^rqe tkvks] eSa uko ls ugha tkus okykA**

bruk dgdj mlus viuh dkWIkh&fdrkcsa gkFk esa Åij mBkbZ vkSj Nikd ls unh

esa OkwQn x;kA ukfod ns[krk jg x;kA

mlosQ eq¡g ls fudyk] ^^vthc yM+dk gSA**

unh ikj djus osQ ckn yM+osQ us jkeuxj osQ rV ij vius diM+s fupksM+s vkSj

Hkhxs diM+ksa esa ?kj pyk x;kA

ek¡ jkenqykjh bl gkyr esa vius csVs dks ns[kdj fpafrr Loj esa cksyha] ^^vjs! rqEgkjs diM+s rks Hkhxs gq, gSa] bUgsa tYnh ls mrkjks] ojuk ljnh yx tk,xhA**

yM+OksQ us lkjh ckr viuh ek¡ dks crkbZA mlus dgk] ^^eSa viuh etcwjh fdlh osQ lkeus D;ksa izdV d:¡\ fcuk fdjk;k fn, uko esa cSBuk D;k mfpr

Fkk\**

ukfod& uko pykus okyk_ tqVkrh& bdV~Bk djrh_ izca/& barTk+ke djuk_ fpafrr& nq[kh

ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh

ek¡ jkenqykjh us vius iq=k dks xys ls yxkrs gq, dgk] ^^csVk] rw Tk:j ,d fnu

cM+k vkneh cusxkA**

og yM+dk dksbZ vkSj ugha] cfYd gekjs ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh th Fks] tks fu/Zu ifjokj

esa tUe ysdj Hkh viuh esgur vkSj bZekunkjh osQ cy ij ns'k osQ iz/kuea=kh cusA

fu/Zu& xjhc

ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh Hkkjr osQ nwljs iz/kuea=kh FksA os vius ifjokj

esa lcls NksVs Fks] blfy, mUgsa ^uUgs* dgdj cqyk;k tkrk FkkA uUgs dk vFkZ gksrk gS& lcls NksVkA mudk tUe 2 vDVwcj] 1904 dks mRRkj izns'k osQ eqxy ljk; esa gqvk FkkA

Jqrys[k

iz/kuea=kh jkeuxj jkenqykjh gkyr

eqf'dy fpafrr esgur bZekunkjh

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ yM+osQ us viuh ijs'kkuh fdlh dks D;ksa ugha crkbZ\

¼[k½ D;k dHkh rqEgsa dksbZ ijs'kkuh vkbZ gS\ rqeus mldk gy OkSQls fudkyk\

¼x½ D;k ckyd 'kkL=kh dk rSjdj unh ikj djuk mfpr Fkk\ vius fopkj crkvksA

¼?k½ ;fn rqe ml yM+osQ dh txg gksrs vkSj rqEgkjs ikl fdjk;k nsus osQ iSls ugha gksrs] rks rqe D;k djrs\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ uko dgk¡ tk jgh Fkh\

¼i½ okjk.klh

¼iii½ jkeuxj

ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh

¼ii½ iz;kxjkt

¼iv½ osQjy

¼[k½ yM+OksQ dh ek¡ dk uke D;k Fkk\

¼i½ lhrk

¼ii½ jkenqykjh

¼iii½ deyk ¼iv½ lq/k

¼x½ og yM+dk cM+k gksdj D;k cuk\

¼i½ MkWDVj

¼ii½ vè;kid

¼iii½ ç/kuea=kh ¼iv½ ukfod

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj [kkyh LFkku esa fy[kks& fdjk;k fu/Zu dkWih&fdrkcsa xaxk

¼d½ uko OksQ fdukjs [kM+h FkhA

¼[k½ yM+OksQ us viuh Åij mBkbZ vkSj unh esa OkwQn x;kA

¼x½ yM+OksQ dk tUe ,d ifjokj esa gqvk FkkA

¼?k½ fcuk fn, uko esa cSBuk mls mfpr ugha yxkA

4- fdlus] fdlls dgk\

¼d½ ^^vk tkvksA [kM+s D;ksa gks\ jkeuxj ugha tkuk gS D;k\** fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼[k½ ^^csVk] rw Tk:j ,d fnu cM+k vkneh cusxkA** fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼x½ ^^tkuk rks gS] ysfdu vkt eSa uko ls ugha tkÅ¡xkA** fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼?k½ ^^vkt esjs ikl fdjk;s OksQ iSls ugha gSaA** fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

5- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ yM+dk uko OksQ cxy esa D;ksa [kM+k Fkk\

¼[k½ yM+dk unh esa D;ksa owQnk\

¼x½ yM+OksQ us viuh ek¡ dks D;k crk;k\

¼?k½ bl dgkuh ls gesa D;k f'k{kk feyrh gS\

ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh

ukeokys 'kCn (laKk)% ftl 'kCn ls fdlh O;fDr] oLrq] LFkku ;k Hkko

vkfn osQ uke dk cks/ gks] mls laKk dgrs gS_ tSls& yM+dk] xaxk] ukfod]

iqLrosaQ vkfnA

1- okD;ksa esa vk, laKk 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼d½ xaxk unh fgeky; ls fudyrh gSA

¼[k½ ckyd 'kkL=kh uko dks igpkurs FksA

¼x½ ek¡ us yM+osQ dks xys yxk;kA

¼?k½ D;k rqEgkjh iqLrOksaQ dHkh Hkhxh gSa\

¼Mñ½ ckyd dks jkeuxj tkuk FkkA

2- leku vFkZokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ unh & ¼[k½ yM+dk &

¼x½ ek¡ &

¼?k½ diM+k &

¼Mñ½ uko & ¼p½ iqLrd &

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 fn, x, fp=kksa dks è;ku ls ns[kdj dkxTk dh uko cukvksA

pj.k&8

gksyh vkbZ

ge tkusaxs

bl dfork OksQ ekè;e ls ge gksyh OksQ R;ksgkj OksQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA lkFk gh

ge ;g Hkh tkusaxs fd gksyh dks [kq'kh] meax vkSj esytksy OksQ lkFk OkSQls

euk;k tkrk gSA

vkvks i<a+s

gksyh vkbZ jaxksa okyh]

[kqf'k;k¡ ysdj <sj lkjhA

cPps [ksysa jax&xqyky

jax jaxh gS nqfu;k I;kjhA

psgjs lcOksQ jaxs gq, gSa]

eqldkuksa ij Hkh gS uwjA

xqf>;k&idokuksa ls ?kj egdk]

vkuafnr gS gj ?kj HkjiwjA

uwj& ped&ned_ xqf>;k& ,d izdkj dh feBkbZ_ vkuafnr& [kq'k

ukps xk,¡ lc fey&tqydj] I;kj ck¡Vsa vkSj cSj feVk,¡A ,drk dk lans'k nsrh gS gksyh] vkvks feydj >wesa xk,¡A

cSj& nq'euh] eueqVko_ ,drk& fey&tqydj jguk_ lans'k& lekpkj] [kcj

gksyh olar Írq esa eukbZ tkrh gSA olar Írq

esa u vf/d xjeh iM+rh gS vkSj u gh vf/d

ljnhA ekSLke lqgkouk gksrk gSA ml le; [ksrksa

esa ubZ IkQlysa yxh gksrh gSaA ml le; xsgw¡] pus]

eVj] ljlksa vkfn dh IkQlysa gksrh gSaA bUgsa ^jch*

dh IkQLky dgk tkrk gSA olar dks ^Írqvksa dk

jktk* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

Jqrys[k

vkbZ

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ dfork esa gksyh dks D;k crk;k x;k gS\

¼[k½ dfork esa cPps fdlls [ksy jgs gSa\

¼x½ ?kj fdu oLrqvksa ls egdk gqvk gS\

¼?k½ rqEgkjs ?kj esa dkSu&dkSu ls R;ksgkj euk, tkrs gSa\ crkvksA

¼Mñ½ ;fn rqEgkjs fon~;ky; esa gksyh eukbZ tk,] rks rqe mlOksQ fy, D;k&D;k rS;kfj;k¡ djksxs\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ gksyh eukus OksQ fy, D;k Tk:jh gksrk gS\

¼i½ iVk[ks

¼iii½ nhid

¼[k½ cSj dks OkSQls feVk;k tk ldrk gS\

¼i½ fey&tqydj

¼iii½ lans'k nsdj

¼x½ gksyh fdldk lans'k nsrh gS\

¼i½ ,drk dk

¼iii½ cSj dk

¼ii½ jax

¼iv½ iqQy>M+h

¼ii½ yM+dj

¼iv½ vyx jgdj

¼ii½ ?kweus dk

¼iv½ vOksQys jgus dk

2- okD;ksa OksQ lkeus lgh () vFkok xyr () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ gksyh jaxksa vkSj [kqf'k;ksa dk R;ksgkj gSA

¼[k½ gksyh ij yksx vOksQys jax ls [ksyrs gSaA

¼x½ yksx fey&tqydj ukprs vkSj xkrs gSaA

¼?k½ gksyh ij ?kj nhiksa ls ltk, tkrs gSaA

¼Mñ½ ;g R;ksgkj ,drk vkSj çse dk lans'k nsrk gSA

4- lgh 'kCn Hkjdj dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh djks&

¼d½ [ksysa jax&xqyky jax jaxh gS I;kjhA

¼[k½ xqf>;k&idokuksa ls egdk] gS gj ?kj HkjiwjA

5- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ gksyh D;k ysdj vkbZ gS\

¼[k½ lcOksQ psgjksa ij D;k gS\

¼x½ gksyh fdldk lans'k nsrh gS\

¼?k½ ;fn lalkj esa jax ugha gksrs] rks nqfu;k OkSQLkh yxrh\

vkbZ

¼Mñ½ fp=kksa dks igpkudj R;ksgkjksa OksQ uke fy[kks&

¼blOksQ fy, rqe vius cM+ksa ;k baVjusV dh lgk;rk ys ldrs gksA½

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- foykse 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼d½ I;kj cqjk uIkQjr 'kkar

¼•½ vkuk feyuk tkuk [ksyuk

¼x½ ,drk lkFk lax vusdrk

¼?k½ [kq'kh lgh nq[k jax

2- fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ rqdkar 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ I;kjh & ¼[k½ jax &

¼x½ uwj & ¼?k½ feVk,¡ &

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ leku vFkZokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ nqfu;k & ¼[k½ ?kj &

¼x½ lalkj & ¼?k½ lans'k &

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 fipdkjh dk fp=k cukdj mls jaxksa ls ltkvksA

5 g¡l&g¡l ekjs NDdk

[ksy&[ksy esa pqUuw&eqUuh

djrs gSa rdjkj]

pqUuw HkS;k :B x, rks

fny esa iM+h njkjA

eqUUkh Hkkxs] pqUuw [ksyss

g¡l&g¡l ekjs NDdk]

dksbZ fdlh OksQ gkFk u vk, gks jgh /Dde&/DdkA

rdjkj& >xM+k

g¡l&g¡l ekjs NDdk

ikik us vkokT+k yxkbZ

Hkwy x, rdjkj] nksuksa pydj ,sls vk, fdruk muesa I;kjA

nknh ek¡

ge tkusaxs

bl dfork n~okjk ge nknh ek¡ OksQ LoHkko vkSj ifjokj esa muOksQ egRo OksQ

ckjs esa tkusaxsA lkFk gh ge ifjokj OksQ lnL;ksa dh Tk:jr vkSj izse dks

Hkh le>saaxsA

vkvks i<a+s

eEeh dh iQVdkjksa ls]

gesa cpkrh nknh ek¡A

fdrus I;kjs okns djrh]

vkSj fuHkkrh nknh ek¡A

ikik us D;k dgk&lquk]

lc le>krh nknh&ek¡!

pqUuw&eqUuw dgk¡ x,]

gk¡d yxkrh nknh ek¡A

,sud ekFks ij fiQj Hkh] 'kksj epkrh nknh ek¡A

^gk; jke! eSa Hkwy xbZ*& gesa g¡lkrh nknh ek¡A

IkQVdkj& Mk¡V_ gk¡d yxkuk& rsTk vkokTk esa cqykuk_ ,sud& p'ek

xjek&xje tysch yk]

gesa f[kykrh nknh ek¡A

dHkh 'kke dks vPNh&lh]

dFkk lqukrh nknh ek¡A

[kwc Mk¡V nsa ikik dks]

HkkSagsa p<+krh nknh ek¡A

Tkc dHkh xqelqe gks tk,¡]

gesa eukrh nknh ek¡A

dFkk& dgkuh_ tysch& ,d izdkj dh feBkbZ_ HkkSagsa p<+kuk& xqLls esa ns[kuk

tysch Hkkjr esa cgqr fiz; gSA ;g R;ksgkjksa vkSj fo'ks"k voljksa ij cukbZ tkrh gSA bls eSnk ls rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS vkSj phuh ;k xqM+ dh pk'kuh esa Mkydj ehBk cuk;k tkrk gSA ;g xksy

vkdkj dh gksrh gSA

Jqrys[k ,sud tysch dFkk HkkSagsa

xqelqe gk¡d yxkuk Mk¡V ekFks

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ nknh ek¡ cPpksa dks D;ksa le>krh gSa\

¼[k½ nknh ek¡ cPpksa dks D;k lqukrh gSa\

¼x½ rqEgkjk ilanhnk O;fDr dkSu gS\ dkj.k lfgr crkvksA

¼?k½ nknh ek¡ OksQ ^gk; jke! eSa Hkwy xbZ* dgus ij cPps D;ksa g¡lrs gSa\ crkvksA

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ eEeh dh iQVdkjksa ls dkSu cpkrk gS\

¼i½ nknk th ¼ii½ firk th

¼iii½ nknh th ¼iv½ ukuh th

¼[k½ nknh ek¡ dkSu&lh feBkbZ ykdj f[kykrh gSa\

¼i½ yM~Mw

¼ii½ jlxqYyk

¼iii½ tysch ¼iv½ pepe

¼x½ nknh ek¡ ikik dks D;k fn[kkrh gSa\

¼i½ vk¡[ksa

¼ii½ gkFk

¼iii½ nk¡r ¼iv½ flj

3- 'kCn fy[kdj dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh djks&

¼d½ pqUuw&eqUuw dgk¡ x,] yxkrh nknh ek¡A

¼[k½ dHkh 'kke dks vPNh&lh] lqukrh nknh ek¡A

¼x½ tc dHkh xqelqe gks tk,¡] eukrh nknh ek¡A

ek¡

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ nknh cPpksa dks D;k le>krh gSa\

¼[k½ nknh ek¡ dc HkkSagsa p<+krh gSa\

¼x½ nknh ek¡ 'kke dks D;k lqukrh gS\

¼?k½ cPps xqelqe gks tkrs gSa] rks nknh ek¡ mUgsa D;ksa eukrh gSa\

¼Mñ½ D;k rqEgkjh nknh ek¡ Hkh rqEgsa dgkfu;k¡ lqukrh gSa\ D;ksa\

Hkk"kk&Kku

fyax% ftl 'kCn ls mlOksQ iq#"k ;k L=kh gksus dk irk pys] mls fyax

dgrs gSaA fganh esa fyax nks izdkj OksQ gksrs gSa & iqfYyax rFkk L=khfyax]

tSls & jktk&jkuh] xk;&cSy] nknk&nknh] ikik&eEeh vkfnA

1- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ lkeus muOksQ fyax (iqfYayx@L=khfyax) fy[kks&

¼d½ HkkbZ

¼x½ pkph

¼Mñ½ ?kksM+h

¼[k½ ekSlh

¼?k½ 'ksj

¼p½ x/k

2- fn, x, 'kCnksa dk muOksQ lgh fyax okys 'kCnksa ls feyku dhft,&

¼d½ ekrk ¼i½ cSy

¼•½ pwgk ¼ii½ nknh

¼x½ csVk ¼iii½ firk

¼?k½ nknk ¼iv½ csVh

¼Mñ½ xk; ¼v½ pqfg;k

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj iafDr;k¡ iwjh djks & esjk gesa viuh gekjs

¼d½ nknh th ,sud Hkwy tkrh gSaA

¼[k½ eEEkh fy, [kkuk cukrh gSaA

¼x½ HkkbZ cgqr NksVk gSA

¼?k½ esjh nknh dgkfu;k¡ lqukrh gSaA

4- v{kjksa dks lgh Øe esa j[kdj 'kCn cukvks&

¼d½ Eeh e =

¼[k½ u ,s d =

¼x½ ys t ch =

¼?k½ e lq e xq =

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 rqEgkjs ifjokj esa dkSUk&dkSUk gSa\ fn, x, ifjokj&o`{k esa muOksQ

fp=k fpidkdj muOksQ uke fy[kks&

nksLrh dh nkor

ge tkusaxs

tkuojksa OksQ chp Hkh nksLrh gksrh gSA os Hkh ,d&nwljs dh enn djrs gSaA

bl ikB esa ge lPph fe=krk OksQ egRo dks le>saxsA

vkvks i<a+s

taxy esa Hkkyw vkSj [kjxks'k dh cgqr xgjh nksLrh FkhA nksuksa gj fnu lkFk ?kwers]

[ksyrs vkSj [kkus OksQ fy, ehBs IkQy [kkstrsA Hkkyw rkdroj Fkk vkSj [kjxks'k

cgqr prqjA

Xkgjh& iDdh_ rkdroj& cyoku@'kfDr'kkyh_ prqj& pkykd

,d fnu taxy esa gaxkek ep x;kA ,d f'kdkjh vius OkqQRrksa OksQ lkFk taxy esa vk x;kA lc tkuoj b/j&m/j Hkkxus yxsA [kjxks'k Mj OksQ ekjs dk¡ius yxk vkSj cksyk] ^^Hkkyw HkkbZ] esjs iSj esa pksV yx xbZ gSA eSa vc Hkkx ugha

ldrk--- esjh enn djksA**

Hkkyw us ,d iy Hkh ugha x¡ok;kA mlus dgk] ^^Mjks er nksLr!** mlus rqjar [kjxks'k dks viuh ihB ij cSBk;k vkSj rs”kh ls Hkkxus yxkA f'kdkjh ihNs vk;k]

ij Hkkyw dh rkdr] rs”kh vkSj fgEer OksQ vkxs mlus gkj eku yhA

Hkkyw [kjxks'k dks ,d xqIkQk esa lqjf{kr LFkku ij ys x;kA lc OkqQN 'kkar gksus

OksQ ckn [kjxks'k us Hkkyw dks xys yxkdj dgk] ^^rqe esjs lPps nksLr gksA vkt rqeus esjh tku cpk yhA**

OkqQN fnu ckn] Hkkyw us taxy OksQ lHkh tkuojksa dks nkor nsus OksQ ckjs esa lkspkA mlus 'kgn] tkequ vkSj ehBs IkQy bdV~Bs fd, vkSj vius lHkh nksLrksa dks nkor

gaxkek& gypy] 'kksj&xqy_ rqjar& tYnh_ LFkku& txg_ nkor& Hkkst@ikVhZ

esa cqyk;kA nkor esa ykseM+h] fpfM+;k] eksj] fgju] canj] [kjxks'k vkfn lHkh nksLr vk,A

nkor esa lHkh us ukp&xkus dk vkuan fy;k vkSj tedj [kkuk [kk;kA Hkkyw us dgk] ^^pyks] vkt ge nksLrh dh dgkfu;k¡ lquk,¡A**

[kjxks'k us crk;k fd OkSQls Hkkyw us mldh tku cpkbZA ykseM+h us dgk fd eksj us mls ckfj'k esa vius ia[kksa rys txg nh FkhA fgju us dgk fd tc og chekj

Fkk] rks lc tkuoj mldk gky&pky iwNus vk, FksA

Hkkyw eqLdjk;k vkSj cksyk] ^^ge lc vyx gSa_ dksbZ rs”k] dksbZ rkdroj] dksbZ le>nkj] ysfdu ge rHkh e”kcwr gSa] tc ge ,d&nwljs dh enn djrs gSaA**

blOksQ ckn taxy esa ,slh [kqf'k;ksa okyh nkor ges'kk gksus yxhA

Hkkyw ,d 'kfDRk'kkyh vkSj cqn~f/eku tkuoj gksrk gSA

bldk 'kjhj eTkcwr vkSj iats cM+s gksrs gSaA blOksQ 'kjhj ij ?kus cky gksrs gSaA ;g lokZgkjh gksrk gS] ftldk vFkZ

gS fd ;g iQy] 'kgn] dhM+s vkSj NksVs tkuojksa lfgr

fofHkUu çdkj OksQ Hkkstu [kkrk gSA Hkkyw vkerkSj ij

vOksQys jguk ilan djrs gSa] ysfdu OkqQN Hkkyw lewgksa esa

Hkh ik, tkrs gSaA

Jqrys[k xgjh rkdroj gaxkek f'kdkjh taxy fgEer lqjf{kr nkor eqLdjk;k chekj

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d) fdu nks tkuojksa esa xgjh nksLrh Fkh\

¼[k) lc tkuoj b/j&m/j D;ksa Hkkxus yxs\

¼x) Hkkyw vkSj [kjxks'k OksQ LoHkko esa D;k varj Fkk\

¼?k) Hkkyw us nkor nsus OksQ fy, D;k&D;k bdV~Bk fd;k\

¼Mñ) D;k ,drk vkSj lg;ksx ls cM+s dke fd, tk ldrs gSa\ crkvks

OkSQls\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d) taxy esa dkSu vk;k] ftlls tkuoj Mj x,\

¼i) phrk

¼iii) fxygjh

¼[k) pksV fdls yxh Fkh\

¼i) Hkkyw dks

¼iii) f'kdkjh dks

¼x) dgkuh ls fdldh lh[k feyrh gS\

¼i) fe=krk dh

¼iii) 'k=kqrk dh

¼ii) f'kdkjh

¼iv) 'ksj

¼ii) [kjxks'k dks

¼iv) x/s dks

¼ii) vfgalk dh

¼iv) fgalk dh

3- lgh () ;k xyr () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d) Hkkyw vkSj fgju vPNs nksLr FksA

¼[k) Hkkyw vkSj [kjxks'k ,d&nwljs dh enn ugha djrs FksA

¼x) gkFkh [kjxks'k dks ihB ij cSBkdj HkkxkA

¼?k) lHkh tkuojksa us feydj nkor dk eTkk fy;kA

3- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d) [kjxks'k dks fdlus cpk;k vkSj OkSQls\

¼[k) nkor esa dkSu&dkSu tkuoj 'kkfey gq,\

¼x) dgkuh esa lcls cgknqj vkSj le>nkj dkSu Fkk\

¼?k) gesa ,d&nwljs dh enn djuh pkfg,] D;ksa\

¼Mñ) ;fn [kjxks'k dh txg rqe gksrs vkSj rqEgsa pksV yx tkrh] rks rqe D;k djrs\

1- csesy 'kCnksa dks <w¡<+dj fn, x, LFkku ij fy[kks&

¼d) Hkkyw ykseM+h fgju eNyh

¼[k) eksj ia[k fpfM+;k dcwrj

¼x) isM+ OksQyk lsc vaxwj

¼?k) dkj LOkwQVj lkbfdy cl

2- okD;ksa esa vk, ukeokys (laKk) 'kCnksa dks js[kkafdr djkss&

¼d) Hkkyw vkSj [kjxks'k gj fnu lkFk [ksyrs FksA

¼[k) ,d fnu taxy esa ,d f'kdkjh vk;kA

¼x) nkor esa ykseM+h] fgju vkSj canj vk,A

¼?k) lHkh tkuoj feydj nkor dj jgs FksA

3- ^[k* o.kZ okys dksbZ pkj 'kCn ikB esa ls <w¡<+dj fy[kks&

¼d) ¼[k)

¼x) ¼?k)

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 Ok`Q".k&lqnkek dh fe=krk OksQ ckjs esa irk djks vkSj vius fe=k dks lqukvksA

 fn, x, fp=k esa jax Hkjks&

jhek dk I;kjk lalkj

ge tkusaxs

gekjs ekrk&firk ges'kk gekjk Hkyk pkgrs gSa vkSj gekjs fy, dfBu ifjJe

djrs gSaA os pkgrs gSa fd ge vPNs O;fDr cusaA ;g ikB cM+ksa OksQ izfr

vkvks i<a+s

,d uUgh I;kjh cPph gS& jhekA jksTk lqcg mlosQ ?kj esa gypy 'kq: gks tkrh

gSA igys eEeh&ikik feydj fVfIkQu rS;kj djrs gSa vkSj fiQj vius vkWfIkQl osQ

cSxA tc os vkWfIkQl tkus osQ fy, njokTks dh vksj c<+rs gSa] rks jhek Hkh muosQ

ihNs&ihNs tkus yxrh gSA

lEeku vkSj vknj djuk fl[kkrk gSA uUgh& NksVh_ gypy& pgy&igy

og njokT+ks osQ ikl [kM+h gksdj /hjs&ls iwNrh gS] ^^vkt vki vkWfIkQl ls tYnh vk,¡xs u\**

eEeh eqLoQjkdj mls xys yxkrh gSa vkSj dgrh gSa] ^^gk¡ csVk] Tk:jA**

jhek osQ ikik gkFk fgykrs gq, dgrs gSa] ^^ge tYnh ykSV vk,¡xsA**

eEeh&ikik osQ tkus osQ ckn og FkksM+h mnkl gks tkrh gSA rHkh nknh ek¡ I;kj ls

mls xksn esa mBk ysrh gSa vkSj dgrh gSa] ^^pyks] vc fon~;ky; tkus dh rS;kjh

djrs gSaA** nknh mls rS;kj djrh gSa] mldh cksry esa ikuh Hkjrh gSa vkSj mlosQ

cSx esa fVfIkQu j[krh gSaA

tc og fon~;ky; tkrh

gS] rks nknh mls cl esa

cSBkrh gSa vkSj g¡lrs gq, gkFk fgykdj dgrh gSa]

^^VkVk csVkA**

nksigj osQ ckn tc og fon~;ky; ls ?kj ykSVrh gS]

rks lcls igys ;gh iwNrh

gS] ^^nknh] eEeh&ikik

dc vk,¡xs\** nknh mls

xksn esa fcBkdj le>krh

gSa] ^^csVk] rqEgkjs eEeh&ikik 'kke dks vk,¡xsA os cgqr esgur djrs gSa vkSj os

pkgrs gSa fd rqe ,d fnu cM+h gksdj MkWDVj cuksA os dke ij blhfy, tkrs

gSa] rkfd rqEgkjs lkjs lius iwjs gks lOksaQA

fiQj nknh mls [kkuk f[kykrh gSaA os nksuksa lkFk esa oqQN nsj [ksyrs gSaA nknh jhek dk x`gdk;Z djus esa Hkh mldh enn djrh gSa vkSj 'kke dks os nksuksa ikoZQ tkrs

gSaA

esgur& ifjJe] Je_ x`gdk;Z& gkseoOkZQ

jhek dk I;kjk lalkj

'kke gksrs gh tSls eEeh&ikik

?kj ykSVrs gSa] og nkSM+rh gqbZ

njokTks dh vksj tkrh gS vkSj

mUgsa [kq'kh&[kq'kh xys yxkdj

dgrh gS] ^^vc ge lc

feydj [ksysaxs u!**

eEeh eqLdjkdj iwNrh gSa] ^^rks

esjh jhek us vkt D;k&D;k

fd;k\**

;g lqurs gh jhek iwjs mRlkg

ls crkus yxrh gS] ^^eSaus

fon~;ky; esa dfork i<+h] ,d

ubZ dgkuh lquh vkSj nknh osQ

lkFk Nr ij fpfM+;k ns[kh!**

mldh vk¡[ksa pedus yxrh

gSa vkSj eEeh&ikik Hkh [kq'k

gksdj mls I;kj djrs gSaA

vc jhek [kqn Hkh ;g le>us

yxh gS fd eEeh&ikik dk

dke djuk vkSj nknh dk lkFk] nksuksa gh mlosQ thou dks lqanj cukrs gSaA

mRlkg& tks'k

Jqrys[k

njok”kk thou lqanj mRlkg

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ vkWfIkQl ls vkrs gh eEeh jhek ls D;k iwNrh gSa\

¼[k½ ifjokj osQ lkFk le; fcrkuk D;ksa Tk:jh gS\

¼x½ ekrk&firk lqcg mBdj cgqr lkjs dke djrs gSa] rqe lqcg

mBdj D;k&D;k djrs gks\

¼?k½ tc rqEgkjs ekrk&firk rqEgkjs fy, dksbZ migkj ;k ilan dh phTk

ykrs gSa] rks rqEgsa oSQlk eglwl gksrk gS\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

1- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ jhek osQ ?kj esa fVfIkQu dkSu rS;kj djrk gS\

¼i½ eEeh

¼iii½ nknh

¼ii½ ikik

¼iv½ eEeh&ikik nksuksa

¼[k½ jhek fon~;ky; ls vkus osQ ckn lcls igys fdlls feyrh gS\

¼i½ ikik ls

¼iii½ eEeh ls

¼ii½ nknh ls

¼iv½ nknk ls

¼x½ jhek osQ eEeh&ikik mls D;k cukuk pkgrs gSa\

¼i½ vè;kfidk

¼iii½ ik;yV

jhek dk I;kjk lalkj

¼ii½ MkWDVj

¼iv½ ysf[kdk

2- okD;ksa dks è;ku ls i<+ks vkSj fy[kks fd fdlus] fdlls dgk\

¼d½ ^^gk¡ csVs] Tk:j!**

fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼[k½ ^^ge tYnh ykSV vk,¡xsA**

fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼x½ ^^pyks] vc fon~;ky; tkus dh rS;kjh djrs gSaA**

fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

¼?k½ ^^rks esjh csVh us vkt D;k&D;k fd;k\**

fdlus dgk fdlls dgk

3- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ jhek osQ eEeh&ikik dgk¡ tkrs gSa\

¼[k½ jhek osQ eEeh&ikik dke ij D;ksa tkrs gSa\

¼x½ fon~;ky; ls vkus osQ ckn jhek D;k&D;k djrh gS\

¼?k½ ge vius ekrk&firk ;k cqTkqxks± dh enn OkSQls dj ldrs gSa\

¼Mñ½ rqe cM+s gksdj D;k cuuk pkgrs gks vkSj D;ksa\

Hkk"kk&Kku

fojke dk vFkZ gS& ^#duk* ;k ^Bgjuk*A vius Hkkoksa dks fy[krs vFkok cksyrs le; ge chp esa FkksM+k #drs gSaA bl Bgjko dks fn[kkus osQ fy, oqQN fo'ks"k çdkj osQ fpg~uksa dk ç;ksx djrs gSaA bUgsa fojke&fpg~u dgrs gSa_ tSls& iw.kZ fojke ¼A ½] v/Z fojke ¼] ½ ç'uokpd fpg~u ¼\ ½ vkfnA

1- lgh txg ij fojke&fpg~u yxkvks&

¼d½ nknh eEeh&ikik dc vk,¡xs

¼[k½ rqEgkjs eEeh&ikik cgqr esgur djrs gSa

¼x½ jhek us vkt D;k&D;k fd;k

la;qDrk{kj% tc nks ;k nks ls vf/d O;atu fcuk fdlh Loj osQ ,d lkFk vkrs gSa] rks os la;qDrk{kj dgykrs gSa_ tSls& O;fDr] [kRe] I;kj vkfnA

2- ikB esa ls <w¡<++dj dksbZ pkj la;qDrk{kj 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ ¼[k½

¼x½ ¼?k½

jhek dk I;kjk lalkj

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 vkvks nknh osQ lkFk feydj lSaMfop cukrs gSaA

vko';d lkexzh& czsM] eD[ku] VekVj] [khjk] ued vkSj dkyh

fepZ dk ikmMjA

lSaMfop cukus dh fof/

pj.k&1% lcls igys czsM dh nks Lykbl ysaA

pj.k&2% nksuksa ij FkksM+k&FkksM+k eD[ku yxk,¡A

pj.k&3% vc ,d Lykbl ij [khjs&VekVj osQ xksy VqdM+s j[ksaA

¼nknh dh enn ys ldrs gSaA½

pj.k&4% Åij ls FkksM+k ued vkSj dkyh fepZ fNM+osaQA

pj.k&5% vc nwljh czsM Lykbl dks Åij ls <d nsaA

vkidk lSaMfop rS;kj gS!

 rqEgsa dkSu&dkSu lh lfCTk;k¡ vkSj iQy ilan gSa\ nh xbZ lwph esa muOksQ uke fy•ks&

ge tkusaxs

;g dfork gesa izOk`Qfr ls lh[k ysus dk lans'k nsrh gSA bl dfork OksQ

ekè;e ls ge tkusaxs fd ljyrk] izse] lsok vkSj fey&tqydj jgus ls gh

izOk`Qfr vkSj lekt dk Hkyk gksrk gSA

vkvks i<+sa

IkwQyksa ls fur g¡luk lh[kks]

HkkSjksa ls fur xkukA

r# dh >qdh Mkfy;ksa ls fur]

lh[kks 'kh'k >qdkukA

lh[k gok OksQ >ksdksa ls yks]

dksey Hkko cgkukA

nw/ rFkk ikuh ls lh[kks]

feyuk vkSj feykukA

lwjt dh fdj.kksa ls lh[kks]

txuk vkSj txkukA

yrk vkSj isM+ksa ls lh[kks]

lcdks xys yxkukA

nhid ls lh[kks] ftruk

gks lOksQ v¡/sjk gjukA

i`Foh ls lh[kks çk.kh dh]

lPph lsok djukA

yrk& iryh 'kk[kk] csy_ v¡/sjk gjuk& va/dkj nwj djuk_ i`Foh& /jrh

Jqrys[k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mÙkj crkvks&

¼d½ IkwQyksa ls gesa D;k lh[kuk pkfg,\

¼[k½ gok OksQ >ksdksa ls gesa D;k lh[kuk pkfg,\

¼x½ lwjt dh fdj.kksa ls ge D;k lh[krs gSa\

¼?k½ bl dfork esa vkidks D;k vPNk yxk\

¼Mñ½ ;fn lc feydj çOk`Qfr dh j{kk djsa] rks gekjs thou esa

D;k&D;k cnyko vk ldrs gSa\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mÙkj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ lwjt dh fdj.kksa ls ge D;k lh[krs gSa\

¼i½ lksuk

¼iii½ xkuk

¼ii½ txuk vkSj txkuk

¼iv½ ltuk

¼[k½ nw/ vkSj ikuh ls gesa D;k lh[kuk pkfg,\

¼i½ cguk

¼iii½ feyuk vkSj feykuk

¼x½ i`Foh gesa D;k fl[kkrh gS\

¼i½ cguk

¼iii½ lsok djuk

3- dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh djks&

¼d½ dh fdj.kksa ls lh[kks] txuk vkSj A

¼[k½ vkSj isM+ksa ls lh[kks]

lcdks xys A

¼ii½ xquxqukuk

¼iv½ BaMk jguk

¼ii½ nhid tykuk

¼iv½ [ksyuk

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mÙkj fy[kks&

¼d½ ^r# dh >qdh Mkfy;ksa ls* gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\

¼[k½ nhid dh rjg va/dkj gjus dk vFkZ D;k gS\

¼x½ i`Foh gesa D;k f'k{kk nsrh gS\

¼?k½ ge iwQy vkSj HkkSajksa ls D;k lh[k ldrs gSa\

¼Mñ½ isM+ gesa fcuk OkqQN ek¡xs cgqr OkqQN nsrs gSa] ge isM+ksa OksQ fy, D;k dj ldrs gSa\

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa esa ls rqdkar 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼d½ xkuk >qdkuk lh[kks fur

¼•½ feykuk feyuk ikuh cgkuk

¼x½ djuk gjuk lax nw/

2- ikB esa ls <w¡<+dj dksbZ pkj ukeokys 'kCn (laKk) fy[kks&

¼d½ ¼[k½

¼x½ ¼?k½

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 dYiuk djks fd rqe ,d frryh gksA rc rqe fdu&fdu

LFkkuksa ij mM+uk pkgksxs\ pkj iafDr;ksa esa fy[kksA

 fn, x, frryh OksQ fp=k esa jax Hkjks&

bZekunkj ydM+gkjk

vkvks i<a+s

,d xk¡o esa gfjnkl uke dk ydM+gkjk jgrk FkkA og çfrfnu taxy tkdj isM+

dkVrk vkSj ydfM+;ksa dks cspdj viuk thou;kiu djrkA og cgqr bZekunkj

vkSj ifjJeh FkkA

ydM+gkjk& ydM+h dkVus okyk_ çfrfnu& jksT+k_ thou;kiu& xqT+kkjk_ ifjJeh& esgurh

bZekunkj ydM+gkjk

,d fnu og unh OksQ fdukjs

,d isM+ dkV jgk Fkk] rHkh

mldh OkqQYgkM+h gkFk ls

fiQlydj unh esa fxj xbZA

og cgqr ijs'kku gqvk] D;ksafd

ogh mldh jksT+kh&jksVh dk

lk/u FkhA

rHkh unh dh nsoh çdV gqbZa vkSj mUgksaus iwNk] ^^csVk] rqe

D;ksa nq[kh gks\**

gfjnkl us lPpkbZ crkbZA nsoh us unh esa xksrk yxkdj lksus dh ,d OkqQYgkM+h

fudkyh vkSj iwNk] ^^D;k ;g rqEgkjh gS\** gfjnkl us dgk] ^^ugha nsoh] ;g

esjh ugha gSA** fiQj nsoh us pk¡nh dh OkqQYgkM+h fn[kkbZ] fiQj Hkh mlus euk dj fn;kA

var esa nsoh us yksgs dh

OkqQYgkM+h fn[kkbZ] rc gfjnkl us [kq'k gksdj dgk] ^^gk¡ nsoh] ;gh esjh OkqQYgkM+h gSA**

nsoh mldh bZekunkjh ls cgqr

çlUu gqbZa vkSj mls rhuksa

OkqQYgkfM+;k¡ migkj esa ns nhaA

jksT+kh&jksVh& dekbZ dk lk/u_ çlUu& [kq'k_ migkj& rksgi+Qk

ge tkusaxs bl dfork n~okjk ge Ckk”kkj esa fn[kus rFkk fcdus okyh oLrqvksa OksQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA lkFk gh Ckk”kkj dh mi;ksfxrk vkSj vkilh lg;ksx dks Hkh le>saxsA

vkvks i<a+s

tc Hkh vkrk gS eaxyokj

?kj OksQ ikl yxrk Ckk”kkjA

mlesa feyrs [ksy&f[kykSus

jax&fcjaxs vkSj cM+s lyksusA

lyksus& lqanj

tc Hkh vkrk gS eaxyokj]

?kj OksQ ikl yxrk Ckk”kkjA

mlesa feyrh pkV&idkSM+h]

tkrh eqfu;k nkSM+h&nkSM+hA

tc Hkh vkrk gS eaxyokj

?kj OksQ ikl yxrk Ckk”kkjA

nknh OksQ lax ge Hkh tkrs tks eu vkrk og ge [kkrsA

lax& lkFk

Jqrys[k

tc Hkh vkrk gS eaxyokj

?kj OksQ ikl yxrk Ckk”kkjA

nknk th py /heh pky ykrs lC”kh] IkQy vkSj nkyA

eaxyokj Ckk”kkj /heh pky

jax&fcjaxs pkV&idkSM+h lyksus lqanj

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ eaxyokj Ckk”kkj esa D;k&D;k fcdrk gS\

¼[k½ rqEgsa Ckk”kkj esa lcls T;knk D;k ilan vk;k vkSj D;ksa\

¼x½ D;k rqe dHkh vius nknk th ;k nknh th OksQ lkFk Ckk”kkj x, gks\ OkSQlk vuqHko jgk\

¼?k½ lkspks] ;fn rqEgkjs eksgYys esa Hkh eaxyokj dks ,slk Ckk”kkj yxrk] rks rqe lcls igys D;k [kjhnuk pkgrs vkSj D;ksa\

¼Mñ½ ;fn rqe Ckk”kkj OksQ nqdkunkj gksrs rks] D;k csprs vkSj D;ksa\ lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRRkj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ eaxyokj dks ck”kkj dgk¡ yxrk gS\

¼i½ LOkwQy OksQ ikl

¼iii½ eafnj OksQ ikl

¼ii½ ?kj OksQ ikl

¼iv½ ppZ OksQ ikl

¼[k½ eqfu;k fdl ph”k OksQ fy, nkSM+h&nkSM+h tkrh gS\

¼i½ lCTkh

¼iii½ feBkbZ

¼ii½ pkV&idkSM+h

¼iv½ cjru

¼x½ Ckk”kkj esa OkSQls [ksy&f[kykSus feyrs gSa\

¼i½ NksVs&NksVs

¼iii½ jax&fcjaxs

¼ii½ cM+s&cM+s

¼iv½ iqjkus&iqjkus

¼?k½ nknh th OksQ lkFk dkSu Ckk”kkj tkrk gS\

¼i½ eqfu;k

¼iii½ nknk th

¼ii½ eEeh

¼iv½ firk

3- 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks& nknk th eaxyokj Ckk”kkj nky nkSM+h&nkSM+h idksSM+h

¼d½ tc Hkh vkrk ]

?kj OksQ ikl yxrk gS A

¼[k½ mlesa feyrh pkV ] tkrh Ekqfu;k A

¼x½ py /heh pky] ykrs lC”kh] IkQy vkSj A

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ nknk th Ckk”kkj ls D;k ykrs gSa\

¼[k½ nknh th OksQ lax Ckk”kkj tkdj eqfu;k D;k [kkrh gS\

¼x½ nknk th /heh pky ls D;ksa pyrs gksaxs\

¼?k½ lkspks] ;fn rqEgkjs fdlh nksLr OksQ ikl iSls ugha gksrs vkSj og pkV&idkSM+h ugha [kjhn ikrk] rks rqe D;k djrs\

¼Mñ½ rqEgsa dkSu&dkSu&lh phTksa [kkuk ilan gS vkSj D;ksa\

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ myVs vFkZokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ ikl & ¼[k½ fnu &

¼x½ xje & ¼?k½ /heh &

¼Mñ½ cM+k &

2- fn, x, mnkgj.k ds vuqlkj L=khfyax 'kCn fy[kks& nknk th & nknh th

¼d½ ukuk th &

¼x½ ekek th &

¼[k½ pkpk th &

¼?k½ firk th &

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 vius ?kj OksQ vkl&ikl OksQ Ckk”kkj esa tkvks vkSj ,d lwph cukvks fd rqeus ogk¡ D;k&D;k ns[kk\

taxy esa fØOksQV

ge tkusaxs bl ikB ls ge taxy esa tkuojkssa OksQ chp gq, fØOksQV OksQ [ksy OksQ ckjs esa tkusaxsA ;g fØOksQV eSp muesa I;kj] nksLrh vkSj vkil esa fey&tqydj jgus

dh lh[k nsrk gSA lkFk gh ge thou esa [ksy OksQ egRo dks Hkh le>saxsA

vkvks i<+sa

,d fnu taxy esa lwjt ped jgk FkkA lHkh tkuoj NqV~Vh dk eTkk ys jgs FksA tkuojksa us lkspk] ^pyks dksbZ eTksnkj [ksy [ksyrs gSaA*

eT+ksnkj& ftlesa eTkk vk,

gkFkh cksyk] ^^pyks fØOksQV [ksyrs gSaA vkt [kwc eLrh djsaxsA**

'ksj ngkM+k] ^^eSa rks xsanckTk cuw¡xkA ns[kuk esjh ckWy dksbZ ugha [ksy ik,xkA**

[kjxks'k OkwQnk] ^^eSa foOksQV OksQ ihNs jgw¡xkA lcls rsTk xsan idM+w¡xk!**

?kksM+k g¡lrs gq, cksyk] ^^iQhfYMax esjh fo'ks"krk gSA eSa lc OkSQp idM+ yw¡xkA**

canj mNydj cksyk] ^^eSa vaik;j cuw¡xkA eSa rks lc Åij ls ns[k ldrk gw¡A**

rksrk cksyk] ^^eSa desaVªh d:¡xkA lcdks crkÅ¡xk fd dkSu thrk&dkSu gkjkA**

eksj cksyk] ^^eSa ukpdj lHkh dk mRlkg c<+kÅ¡xkA**

eSp 'kq: gqvkA rksrk cksyk] ^^vc igyh ckWy Mkyh tk jgh gS vkSj gkFkh us

cYyk ?kqek;k! xsan gok esa xbZ-----A**

rksrk cksyk] ^^?kksM+k nkSM+ jgk gS---vkSj---vkSj---OkSQp idM+ fy;kA D;k TkcjnLr

iQhfYMax gS!**

ngkM+k& 'ksj dh vkokTk_ iQhfYMax& eSnku esa xsan dks idM+uk ;k jksduk_ vaik;j& [ksy dk fu.kZ; ysus okyk O;fDr_ desaVªh& [ksy dk gky cksydj crkuk_ mRlkg& tks'k] meax

vc [kjxks'k dh ckjh FkhA og NksVk Fkk] ij gksf'k;kjA mlus xsan Mkyh] gkFkh

us cYyk ?kqek;k] xsan vkleku esa pyh xbZ---nwj---vkSj lc tkuoj nkSM+ iM+s ju cukusA

canj rkyh ctkrs gq, cksyk] ^^vjs okg! ;s rks cgqr vPNk [ksy jgs gSaA**

eksj us ukprs gq, dgk] ^^eTkk vk x;k! ,slk eSp rks eSaus dHkh ugha ns[kkA**

rksrk cksyk] ^^D;k [ksy gS! D;k Vhe gS!**

dHkh dksbZ vkmV gksrk] dHkh dksbZ OkSQp idM+rkA

lc feydj g¡lh&[kq'kh [ksyrs jgsA dksbZ thrk ugha] dksbZ gkjk ughaA

lcus lkFk feydj [ksyk vkSj nksLrh dh felky dk;e dhA

gksf'k;kj& le>nkj_ felky& mnkgj.k

fØOksQV nks Vheksa OksQ chp [ksyh tkus okyh [ksy

izfr;ksfxrk gSA izR;sd Vhe esa X;kjg f[kykM+h gksrs

gSaA bl [ksy esa cYysckTkh] xsanckTkh vkSj iQhfYMax

'kkfey gSA cYysckTkh djusokyh Vhe ju cukus

dk y{; j[krh gS] tcfd xsanckTkh vkSj iQhfYMax

djus okyh Vhe vkmV djus vkSj ju cuus ls jksdus dk y{; j[krh gSA

Jqrys[k

Vhe

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ taxy OksQ tkuojksa us D;k djus OksQ fy, lkspk\

¼[k½ lc tkuojksa us feydj dkSu&lk [ksy [ksyk\

¼x½ ?kksM+s us viuh D;k fo'ks"krk crkbZ\

¼?k½ desaVªh lqukus osQ fy, fdlus bPNk trkbZ\

¼Mñ½ D;k fcuk thrs ;k gkjs Hkh [ksyuk eTksnkj gks ldrk gS\ OkSQls\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ fdlus cksyk fd pyks fØOksQV [ksyrs gSa\

¼i½ [kjxks'k us

¼iii½ 'ksj us

¼[k½ 'ksj us D;k cuus dh bPNk trkbZ\

¼i½ cYysckt

¼iii½ xsanckt

¼ii½ ?kksM+s us

¼iv½ gkFkh us

¼ii½ dIrku

¼iv½ foOksQVdhij

¼x½ fdlus ukpdj lcdk mRlkg c<+k;k\

¼i½ canj

¼ii½ [kjxks'k

¼iii½ eksj ¼iv½ gkFkh

¼?k½ [ksy dh desaVªh djus okyk dkSu cuk\

¼i½ rksrk

¼ii½ eksj

¼iii½ dkSvk ¼iv½ canj

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks&

feydj nksLrh vaik;j xsanckT+k

¼d½ 'ksj us dgk] ^^eSa cuw¡xkA**

¼[k½ canj us dgk] ^^eSa cuw¡xkA**

¼x½ lc g¡lh&[kq'kh [ksyrs jgsA

¼?k½ lHkh tkuojksa us feydj dh felky dk;e dhA

4- lgh () ;k () xyr dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ rksrs us vaik;j dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA

¼[k½ [kjxks'k us foOksQV OksQ ihNs [ksyus dh bPNk trkbZA

¼x½ ?kksM+k cgqr rsTk nkSM+rk Fkk] blfy, og xsanckTk cukA

¼?k½ dHkh dksbZ vkmV gksrk] rks dHkh dksbZ OkSQp idM+rkA

5- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mÙkj fy[kks&

¼d½ [ksy esa lcls igys cYysckTk dkSUk cuk\

¼[k½ [ksy esa rksrs us D;k fd;k\

¼x½ 'ksj us fØOksQV OksQ [ksy esa D;k cuus OksQ fy, dgk Fkk\

¼?k½ bl dgkuh ls gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\

¼Mñ½ ;fn rqe ml eSp esa gksrs] rks D;k cuuk ilan djrs vkSj D;ksa\

Hkk"kk&Kku

dkeokys (fØ;k) 'kCn% ftu 'kCnksa ls fdlh dke OksQ djus ;k gksus dk irk pys] mUgsa dkeokys (fØ;k) 'kCn dgrs gSa_ tSls& gkFkh cksyk] [kjxks'k OkwQnk] canj rkyh ctkrk gS vkfnA buesa ^cksyk*] ^OkwQnk*] ^ctkrk gS* dke okys 'kCn gSaA

1- dkeokys (fØ;k) 'kCnksa ij ozsQ;kWu pykdj mUgsa jaxhu cukvks&

vaik;j fpYyk;k fØOksQV [kjxks'k nkSM+uk pgpgk;k rksrk ukpuk c<+kÅ¡xk taxy

2- ikB esa vk, pkj vaxzsT+kh 'kCn pqudj fy[kks&

¼d½ ¼[k½

¼x½ ¼?k½

¼Mñ½

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku esa Hkjks& ngkM+rk nkSM+rk ihrk ukprk

¼d½ Hkkyw gSA ¼[k½ cPpk nw/ gSA

¼x½ 'ksj gSA ¼?k½ ?kksM+k gSA

4- uhps fn, 'kCnksa ls iz'u cukvks&

¼d½ dc &

¼[k½ dkSu &

¼x½ OkSQls &

¼?k½ D;k & vkvks OkqQN djsa

 vpkud vkleku esa ckny f?kj vk, vkSj ckfj'k 'kq: gks xbZA lc tkuoj-------- vkxs dh dgkuh lkspdj fy[kksA ckWy

 i'kq&if{k;ksa OksQ uke ls oxZ&igsyh iwjh djks vkSj muOksQ uke

uhps fn, x, LFkku ij fy[kks&

¼d½

¼[k½

¼x½

¼?k½

¼Mñ½

¼p½

¼N½

ek¡xks er

ge tkusaxs

;g ikB gesa fl[kkrk gS fd lPph lsok vkSj fouezrk dk ifj.kke ges'kk

vPNk gksrk gSA NksVs&ls dke dks Hkh bZekunkjh ls djus dk iqjLdkj cM+k

gks ldrk gSA

vkvks i<a+s

,d le; dh ckr gSA ,d jktk FkkA ,d fnu jktk fdlh nwj xk¡o esa ?kweus

OksQ fy, x;kA rHkh vpkud mlOksQ OkqQjrs dk ,d cVu VwV x;kA jktk us rqjar

vius ea=kh dks cqyk;k vkSj dgk] ^^bl xk¡o ls fdlh OkqQ'ky nj”kh dks cqykvks]

tks esjs OkqQjrs dk cVu Bhd ls Vk¡d lOksQA**

ea=kh& jktk dk lykgdkj_ OkqQ'ky& ;ksX;_ Vk¡d lOksQ& fly lOksQ

nj”kh us vius FkSys ls lqbZ&/kxk

fudkyk vkSj oqQN gh iyksa esa

OkqQjrss dk cVu Vk¡d fn;kA

jktk mldk dke ns[kdj çlUu

gks x;kA

jktk us dgk] ^^crkvks] bl dke

dk D;k ewY; gS\**

nj”kh us gkFk tksM+dj dgk]

^^egkjkt] ;g rks esjh lsok

gSA blOksQ fy, eSa dksbZ ewY; ugha ys ldrkA**

fouezrk& f'k"Vrk] uezrk_ çlUu& [kq'k_ ewY;& nke

xk¡o esa OksQoy ,d gh nj”kh

FkkA

ea=kh us nj”kh dks cqyk;kA

jktk us mlls dgk] ^^D;k rqe

esjs OkqQjrss dk cVu Vk¡d ldrs

gks\**

nj”kh us fouezrk ls mRrj

fn;k] ^^egkjkt] ;g rks cgqr

NksVk&lk dke gSA eSa vHkh dj

nsrk gw¡A**

jktk us mlls ewY; crkus OksQ fy, f”kn dhA nj”kh us lkspk] ^cVu rks jktk OksQ ikl Fkk] eSaus rks cl Vk¡dk gSA* ;g lc lkspdj nj”kh us mRrj fn;k] ^^egkjkt] vki tSlk mfpr le>sa] oSlk gh ns nhft,A**

jktk mldh fouezrk ls cgqr çHkkfor gqvkA mlus vius ea=kh ls dgk] ^^bl

nj”kh dks buke esa bl xk¡o OksQ ikl OksQ nks xk¡o ns fn, tk,¡A vkt ls ;s nksuksa

xk¡o blOksQ uke gksaxsA**

çHkkfor& vlj gksuk_ buke& iqjLdkj

nj”kh diM+s flyus okyk esgurh O;fDr gksrk gSA og lgh

eki ysdj diM+s dks flydj lqanj vkSj vkjkenk;d cukrk gSA

R;ksgkj vkSj 'kknh tSls ekSdksa ij diM+s flyus OksQ fy, nj”kh

dh Tk:jr iM+rh gSA

Jqrys[k

OkqQjrs çlUu nj”kh ea=kh

çHkkfor fouezrk ç'kalk buke

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ jktk dgk¡ tk jgk Fkk\

¼[k½ jktk us nj”kh dks fdl dke OksQ fy, cqyk;k Fkk\

¼x½ jktk us nj”kh dks D;k buke fn;k vkSj D;ksa\

¼?k½ ;fn rqe nj”kh dh txg gksrs] rks D;k rqe fcuk oqQN ek¡xs jktk

dh lgk;rk djrs vkSj D;ksa\

¼Mñ½ lewg esa ppkZ dhft,& ¶bZekunkjh ls dke djus dk D;k ykHk gksrk gS¸\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ jktk us fdls cqyok;k\

¼i½ fdlku dks

¼ii½ c<+bZ dks

¼iii½ nj”kh dks ¼iv½ /ksch dks

¼[k½ nj”kh us enn OksQ cnys D;k ek¡xk\

¼i½ /u ¼ii½ buke

¼iii½ lksuk ¼iv½ oqQN ugha

¼x½ jktk us nj”kh ls D;k crkus OksQ fy, fTkn dh\

¼i½ dke dk ewY; ¼ii½ xk¡o dk uke

¼iii½ cVu dk jax ¼iv½ OkqQjrs dk jax

3- fdlus dgk\

¼d½ ^^bl xk¡o ls fdlh OkqQ'ky nj”kh dks cqykvksA**

¼[k½ ^^egkjkt] ;g rks cgqr NksVk&lk dke gSA eSa vHkh dj nsrk gw¡A**

¼x½ ^^crkvks] bl dke dk D;k ewY; gS\**

¼?k½ ^^egkjkt] vki tSlk mfpr le>sa] oSlk gh ns nhft,A**

ek¡xks

4- mfpr 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks&

çlUu cVu çHkkfor lsok

¼d½ jktk OksQ OkqQjrs dk VwV x;kA

¼[k½ ¶egkjkt] ;g rks esjh gSA¸

¼x½ jktk mldk dke ns[kdj gks x;kA

¼?k½ jktk mldh fouezrk ls cgqr gqvkA

5- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ jktk us fdlls enn ek¡xh\

¼[k½ nj”kh us fdl çdkj viuh lsok nh\

¼x½ jktk us nj”kh dks xk¡o nsus dk fu.kZ; D;ksa fy;k\

¼?k½ bl ikB ls gesa D;k f'k{kk feyrh gS\

¼Mñ½ D;k rqeus dHkh fdlh dh lsok dh gS\ dc vkSj fdldh\

Hkk"kk&Kku

lcOksQ uke okys 'kCn (loZuke)% tks 'kCn uke okys 'kCn ¼laKk½ OksQ LFkku

ij ç;ksx fd, tkrs gSa] mUgsa ^lcOksQ uke okys 'kCn (loZuke) dgrs gSa_ tSls&

eSa] og] os] ;g] ;s] ge] rqe] mls] mluss] mUgksauss vkfnA

1- uhps fn, x, lcOksQ uke okys 'kCn (loZuke) Nk¡Vdj fy[kks&

¼d½ jktk us dgk] ¶eSa rqEgsa xk¡o nsuk pkgrk gw¡A¸

¼[k½ nj”kh us dgk] ¶;g esjk drZO; gSA¸

¼x½ ea=kh us rqjar mls cqyk;kA

¼?k½ nj”kh us dgk] ¶;g esjk dke gSA¸

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa dks tksM+dj okD; cukvks&

¼d½ oqQjrs us ¼i½ OkqQ'ky njTkh dks cqykvks

¼•½ ,d le; osQ ¼ii½ ckr gSA

¼x½ xk¡o dh ¼iii½ vius ea=kh dks cqyk;kA

¼?k½ jktk dk ¼iv½ cVu Vk¡d nksA

4- fn, x, 'kCnksa dks Nk¡Vdj lgh LFkku ij fy•ks&

?kweuk oqQ'ky VwVuk oqQjrk ewY; oqQN lw;Z cqyk;k

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 nj”kh diM+s flyrk gSA ;g gekjk lgk;d gSA fuEufyf[kr lgk;dkas

OksQ dke irk djOksQ fy[kks& ekyh nqdkunkj

lC”khokyk

xqCCkkjsokyk

IkQy&foozsQrk

 fn, x, fp=k esa jax Hkjks&

14 vks.ke dk R;ksgkj

ge tkusaxs

vks.ke OksQjy dk ,d izfln~/ R;ksgkj gSA bl volj ij ?kj&?kj jaxksyh cukbZ tkrh gSA lkFk gh vusd izdkj OksQ idoku curs gSaA bl ikB esa ge tkusaxs fd izR;sd R;ksgkj OksQ ihNs dksbZ dgkuh vkSj lh[k gksrh gSA

vkvks i<a+s

ik=k%

ehuk % 10 o"kZ

f'k[kk % 8 o"kZ

ek¡ % 35 o"kZ

n`';&1

¼?kj dk vk¡xu] lqcg dk le; ehuk iwQy rksM+ jgh gSA f'k[kk mlOksQ ikl

vkrh gSA½

f'k[kk % nhnh] vki brus lkjs iwQy D;ksa rksM+ jgh gSa\

ehuk % vjs! rqEgsa irk ugha\ vkt ls vks.ke dk 'kqHkkjaHk gks jgk gSA ge ^iqDdye* cuk,¡xsA

'kqHkkjaHk& vPNh 'kq#vkr_ iqDdye& iwQyksa ls cukbZ xbZ jaxksyh

vks.ke dk R;ksgkj

f'k[kk % ¼vk'p;Z ls½ iqDdye\ ;g D;k gksrk gS\

ehuk % ^iqDdye* iwQyksa ls cuh jaxksyh gksrh gS] ftls

vks.ke R;ksgkj OksQ volj ij

cukrs gSaA ;g jktk egkcyh

dk Lokxr djus OksQ fy, gksrh gSA

f'k[kk % D;k eSa Hkh ^iqDdye* cuk

ldrh g¡w-----\

ehuk % gk¡&gk¡] D;ksa ugha! vkvks]

rqe Hkh esjs lkFk iwQy

rksM+ksA

¼nksuksa IkwQy rksM+us yxrh gSaA½

n`';&2

¼ek¡ vkrh gSa] muOksQ gkFk esa OksQys OksQ yacs&yacs iRRks gSaA½

ek¡ % cPpks! tYnh vkvks] lkn~;k dk le; gks jgk gSA

f'k[kk % ¼vkrs gq,½ lkn~;k\ ;g

D;k gksrk gS\

ek¡ % ¼eqLOkQjkrs gq,½ lkn~;k

,d izdkj dk O;atu

gksrk gS] tks vks.ke

R;ksgkj ij curk gSA ;g

OksQys OksQ iRrs ij ijkslk

tkrk gSA blesa pkoy]

lkaHkj] vfo;y] ik;le vkSj cgqr lkjs idoku gksrs gSaA

lkn~;k& fo'ks"k izdkj dk idoku_ O;atu& idoku] Hkkstu

f'k[kk % rks D;k vks.ke dk R;ksgkj OksQoy [kkus&ihus OksQ fy, gh gksrk gS\

ek¡ % ugha csVh] vks.ke IkQly dVkbZ dk R;ksgkj gSA blesa [ksy]

ukSdk&nkSM+ vkSj u`R; dk Hkh vk;kstu gksrk gSA bl okf"kZd R;ksgkj dks lc jktk egkcyh dh ;kn esa eukrs gSaA

n`';&3

¼ehuk vkSj f'k[kk iqDdye cuk jgh gSaA ek¡ mUgsa ns[k jgh gSaA½

ehuk % dgrs gSa] viuh

dkj.k yksx jktk egkcyh dks nsork ekurs FksA bl fnu

jktk egkcyh vius yksxksa ls feyus vkrs gSaA

f'k[kk % rks D;k jktk egkcyh vkt Hkh vk,¡xs\

ek¡ % ¼I;kj ls½ ge mUgsa vius ân; vkSj ijaijk esa thfor j[krs gSaA vks.ke ,drk] çse vkSj

[kqf'k;ksa dk

lans'k nsrk gSA

¼lHkh cPps

gkFk tksM+dj

dgrs gSaA½

lHkh % ^^gSIih vks.ke!

vks.ke dh 'kqHkdkeuk,¡!**

¼i`"BHkwfe esa <ksy vkSj ?kq¡?k:vksa dh vkokTk vkrh gSA½

ukSdk& uko_ vk;kstu& lekjksg] tylk_ ijaijk& izFkk] pyh vk jgh jhfr

i`"BHkwfe& ihNs] usiF;

OksQjy Hkkjr dk ,d jkT; gSA ;g ns'k OksQ nf{k.k&if'pe rV ij fLFkr gSA bldh jkt/kuh fr#ouariqje gSA OksQjy dks ^Hkkjr dk elkyksa dk cxhpk* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ;g ey; ioZr dh xksn esa clk gqvk gSA ;gk¡ dh eq[; Hkk"kk ^ey;kye* vkSj eq[; R;ksgkj ^vks.ke* gSA ;gk¡ dbZ lqanj Ik;ZVu LFky gSaA

Jqrys[k

iqDdye jaxksyh R;ksgkj LOkkxr ik;le cjkcjh lans'k egkcyh

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ vks.ke dk R;ksgkj dc euk;k tkrk gS\

¼[k½ f'k[kk vkSj ehuk us feydj D;k cuk;k\

¼x½ D;k rqeus dHkh OksQys OksQ iRrs ij [kkuk [kk;k gS\

¼?k½ rqEgsa dkSu&lk R;ksgkj vPNk yxrk gS vkSj D;ksa\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ ehuk iwQy fdlfy, rksM+ jgh Fkh\

¼[k½ jktk egkcyh OksQ jkt esa yksx OkSQls jgrs Fks\

¼x½ ^vks.ke* D;ksa euk;k tkrk gS\

¼?k½ ^lkn~;k* esa D;k&D;k ijkslk tkrk gS\

¼Mñ½ vxj R;ksgkj u gksa] rks gekjk thou OkSQlk gksxk\

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ vks.ke dk R;ksgkj fdl jktk ls tqM+k gqvk gS\

¼i½ jktk ckgqcyh

¼ii½ jktk egkcyh

¼iii½ jktk panzcyh ¼iv½ jktk lw;Zcyh

¼[k½ ^iqDdye* D;k gksrk gS\

¼i½ feBkbZ ¼ii½ u`R; ¼iii½ jaxksyh ¼iv½ laxhr

¼x½ vks.ke Ok`Qf"k OksQ fdl dk;Z ls tqM+k gS\

¼i½ [ksr dh tqrkbZ

¼iii½ IkQly dh flapkbZ

vks.ke dk R;ksgkj

¼ii½ IkQly dh dVkbZ

¼iv½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks&

[kkus&ihus O;atu lans'k ;kn

¼d½ lkn~;k ,d izdkj dk gksrk gSA

¼[k½ vks.ke OksQoy OksQ fy, gh ugha gksrk gSA

¼x½ vks.ke dks lc jktk egkcyh dh esa eukrs gSaA

¼?k½ vks.ke ,drk] çse vkSj [kqf'k;ksa dk nsrk gSA

Hkk"kk&Kku

lekukFkhZ 'kCn% os 'kCn ftuOkQk vFkZ ,d&nwljs OksQ leku gksrk gS] lekukFkhZ 'kCn dgykrs gSa_ tSls& ckny&es?k] iwQy&iq"i] pk¡n&'kf'k vkfnA

1- 'kCnksa OksQ mfpr lekukFkhZ 'kCn ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼d½ firk & nknk ckiw ukuk

¼•½ ekrk & ek¡ ukuh iq=kh

¼x½ R;ksgkj & Hkkstu [ksy ioZ

¼?k½ iwQy & ?kj vk¡xu iq"i

2- fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ myVs vFkZokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ vPNk

¼x½ [kq'kh

3- lgh 'kCn ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼[k½ ikrky

¼?k½ iwNuk

¼d½ R;ksgkj R;kSgkj Rk;ksgkj

¼•½ jaxksfy jaxksyh jaxsyh

¼x½ egkcfy egckyh egkcyh

¼?k½ o;atu O;tau O;atu

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 rqe vius ifjokj OksQ lkFk dkSu&dkSu ls R;ksgkj eukrs gks\ mu

R;ksgkjksa dh fo'ks"k ckrsa vkSj cuus okys O;atuksa OksQ uke nh xbZ rkfydk esa fy[kks&

R;ksgkj dk uke R;ksgkj dh fo'ks"k ckr O;atuksa OksQ uke

 R;ksgkjksa OksQ volj ij ?kj dh lkIkQ&lIkQkbZ dh tkrh gS vkSj mls ltk;k tkrk gSA blesa rqe viuk ;ksxnku OkSQls ns ldrs gks\ bl ckjs esa d{kk esa ,d ppkZ dk vk;kstu djksA

vks.ke dk R;ksgkj

igsfy;k¡

nh xbZ igsfy;ksa OksQ uke fy[kks&

cksyks&cksyks dkSu gw¡ eSa]

dkxTk ij gw¡ pyrh]

'kCnksa dks ltk&l¡okjdj]

eu dh ckr gw¡ djrhA

ckfj'k esa eSa dke vkÅ¡]

/wi esa Hkh lax fuHkkÅ¡]

eqM+dj eSa NksVk cu tkÅ¡]

[kqyrs gh ia[k IkSQykÅ¡A u gkFk] u iSj gS]

fIkQj Hkh nkSM+rh tkrh gw¡]

?kM+h esa jgrh gw¡] gj iy dks crkrh gw¡A

eSa iwjc ls mxrk gw¡ lcdks jks'kuh nsrk gw¡] esjs fcuk v¡/sjk Nk tkrk gS]

eq>ls gh fnu fudyrk gSA

16 panw dh lkbfdy

ge tkusaxs

;g dfork ,d yM+OksQ dh ubZ lkbfdy pykus dh igyh vkSj eTksnkj

dksf'k'k dks crkrh gS] ftlesa vkjaHk esa Mj] fIkQj mRlkg vkSj var esa fxjus dk vuqHko gksrk gSA u;k dke lh[krs le; /S;Z vkSj lko/kuh vko';d gSA

vkvks i<a+s

gSaMy idM+s ckgj vk,]

iSMYk ij fIkQj ik¡o tek,A

mNys vkSj lhV ij cSBs]

FkksM+k vdM+s] FkksM+k ,asBsA

panw th dh ukuh vkbZ]

ubZ&ubZ ,d lkbfdy ykbZA

panw IkwQys ugha lek,]

lkspk] OkSQls bls pyk,¡A

IkwQys ugha lek,& cgqr [kq'k gq,_ vdM+s& ru dj cSBuk_ ,asBs& vdM+dj cSBuk

Ukgha Fkh vc rd dHkh pykbZ]

Mjrs&Mjrs lkbfdy c<+kbZA

Lkkbfdy pyh rks lkgl vk;k]

”kksj yxk iSMy dks nck;kA

OkSQls jksOksaQ] le> u vk;k]

rHkh gkFk esa [kaHkk vk;kA

[kaHkk idM+k gSaMy NksM+k]

c<+kbZZ lkbfdy dh jÝ rkj]

lkeus vkbZ ,d nhokjA

lkbfdy eksM+h rks [kaHkk vk;k]

panw dk ekFkk pdjk;kA

lkbfdy NksM+h] iSMy NksM+kA

lkbfdy fxj xbZ ogha /M+ke]

dksbZ vDy u vkbZ dkeA

tku cph rks yk[kksa ik,]

ykSVOkQj panw ?kj dks vk,A

jÝrkj& pky] xfr_ pdjk;k& ?kcjk;k_ /M+ke& /e ls fxjus dh vkokTk_ vDy& le>nkjh

Jqrys[k

iSMYk vdM+s [kaHkk pdjk;k

gSaMy Lkkbfdy ik¡o /M+ke

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ panw dks lkbfdy fdlus nh\

¼[k½ panw us lkbfdy jksdus OksQ fy, D;k fd;k\

¼x½ panw dh vDy dc dke ugha vkbZ\

¼?k½ D;k panw dks fcuk lh[ks lkbfdy pykuh pkfg, Fkh\ vius fopkj crkvksA

¼Mñ½ gesa lkbfdy pykrs le; D;k&D;k lko/kfu;k¡ cjruh pkfg,\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- lgh () ;k () xyr dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ panw dh lkbfdy mlOksQ ukuk yk,A

¼[k½ panw us igyh ckj lkbfdy pykus dh dksf'k'k dhA

¼x½ lkbfdy nhokj ls VdjkbZ vkSj panw fxj x;kA

¼?k½ panw us cgqr le>nkjh ls lkbfdy dks jksdkA

3- lgh 'kCn pqudj dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh djks&

IkwQys pyk, FkksM+k gSaMy ik¡o ukuh lhV lkbfdy

¼d½ panw th dh vkbZ]

ubZ&ubZ lh ,d ykbZA panw ugha lek,]

lkspk] OkSQls bls A

¼[k½ idM+s ckgj vk,]

iSMYk ij fIkQj tek,A

mNys vkSj ij cSBs]

vdM+s] FkksM+k ,asBsA

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ lkbfdy feyus ij panw us D;k lkspk\

¼[k½ viuh lkbfdy ij panw OkSQls cSBs\

¼x½ panw dk ekFkk dc vkSj OkSQls pdjk;k\

¼?k½ ;fn rqe panw dh txg gksrs] rks fxjus ls OkSQls cprs\

¼Mñ½ panw dks lkbfdy pykrs le; dkSu&dkSu&lh dfBukb;k¡ vkbZ\

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- fn, x, 'kCnksa OksQ rqdokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ vkbZ & ¼[k½ lek, &

¼x½ cSBs &

¼?k½ vk;k &

¼Mñ½ rHkh & ¼p½ OkSQls &

2- iafDRk;ksa esa vk, dke okys 'kCnksa (fØ;k) dks js[kkafdr djks&

¼d½ lkbfdy pyh rks lkgl vk;k] ”kksj yxkdj iSMy dks nck;kA

¼[k½ c<+kbZ lkbfdy dh jÝ+rkj] lkeus vkbZ ,d nhokjA

3- ^lkbfdy* ,d vaxzsT kh 'kCn gSA uhps fn, x, vaxzsT kh 'kCnksa OksQ fganh :i fy[kks&

¼d½ MkWDVj & ¼[k½ Mªkboj &

¼x½ Vhpj & ¼?k½ gkWfLiVy &

¼Mñ½ LVwMsaV & ¼p½ Dykl &

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 lkbfdy ;krk;kr dk ,d lk/u gSA baVjusV dh lgk;rk ls ;krk;kr OksQ lk/uksa dh ,d lwph cukdj fy[kksA lwph OkzQ- l- ;krk;kr OksQ lk/uksa OksQ uke

 vius euilan ;krk;kr OksQ lk/u dk fp=k cukdj jax HkjksA

ck?k vkSj x/k

ge tkusaxs

gesa csdkj esa fdlh ls cgl ugha djuh pkfg,A ew[kZ ;k fTkn~nh yksxksa ls cgl djus esa le; vkSj 'kfDr nksuksa cjckn gksrs gSaA blfy, gesa ,sls yksxksa ls cpdj jguk pkfg,A

vkvks i<a+s

,d fnu dh ckr gSA x/k ?kkl pjdj ykSV jgk FkkA jkLrs esa mls ck?k feykA

ck?k us iwNk] ^^D;ksa x/s! gjh ?kkl pj yh\**

x/k xqLls esa cksyk] ^^?kkl gjh ugha] uhyh gksrh gSA**

ck?k fcxM+dj cksyk] ^^D;k dg jgs gks x/s! ?kkl uhyh ugha] gjh gksrh gSA**

pjdj& [kkdj_ xqLls& Øks/_ fcxM+dj& ukjkTk gksdj 17

ck?k vkSj x/k

nksuksa cgl djus yxsA dksbZ Hkh viuh ckr ls ihNs gVus dks rS;kj ugha FkkA

var esa ck?k us dgk] ^^,slk djrs gSaA ge taxy OksQ jktk 'ksj OksQ ikl pyrs gSaA os fu.kZ; djsaxs fd ?kkl gjh gksrh gS ;k uhyhA**

nksuksa U;k; OksQ fy, jktk 'ksj OksQ ikl x,A 'ksj lksus dh rS;kjh dj jgk FkkA mlus nksuksa OksQ ,d lkFk vkus dk dkj.k iwNkA ck?k OksQ OkqQN dgus ls

igys gh x/k cksy iM+k] ^^ck?k dgrk gS fd ?kkl gjh gksrh

gS vkSj eSa dgrk gw¡ fd ?kkl uhyh gksrh gSA vki gh

fu.kZ; djsaA**

'ksj us ck?k dh vksj ns[kkA ck?k us dgk] ^^;g x/k ew[kZ gSA lHkh tkurs gSa fd

?kkl gjh gksrh gSA** 'ksj cksyk] ^^ew[kZ rqe gks! x/s] rqe tkvksA eSa ck?k dks ,d eghus OkqQN u cksyus dk naM nsrk gw¡A** x/k [kq'k gksdj pyk x;kA

fu.kZ; & IkSQlyk] urhTkk_ U;k;& bulkIkQ_ ew[kZ& csoOkwQIkQ_ naM& lT+kk_ dkj.k& otg

mlOksQ tkus OksQ ckn ck?k cksyk] ^^?kkl rks gjh gksrh gS] fIkQj vkius eq>s naM

D;ksa fn;k\**

'ksj cksyk] ^^lHkh tkurs gSa fd ?kkl gjh gksrh gSA fdlh OksQ dg nsus ls og

uhyh FkksM+s gh gks tk,xhA x/k rks ew[kZ gS] ysfdu rqe rks le>nkj gksA fIkQj

rqeus mlls cgl D;ksa dh\ rqeus viuk vkSj esjk nksuksa dk le; cjckn fd;k] ;g naM blhfy, gSA**

Jqrys[k

cjckn lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ x/s us ?kkl dk D;k jax crk;k\

¼[k½ ck?k vkSj x/k U;k; OksQ fy, fdlOksQ ikl x,\

ck?k vkSj x/k

¼x½ 'ksj us ck?k dks dkSu&lk naM fn;k\

¼?k½ x/s us ?kkl dks uhyh D;ksa crk;k gksxk\

¼Mñ½ x/s dks ew[kZ vkSj ykseM+h dks pkykd tkuoj D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\ lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ ck?k us ?kkl dk D;k jax crk;k\

¼i½ gjk

¼ii½ ihyk

¼iii½ yky ¼iv½ uhyk

¼[k½ x/k ckj&ckj viuh ckr ij D;ksa vM+k jgk\

¼i½ mls jaxksa dk Kku ugha FkkA

¼ii½ og ew[kZ FkkA

¼iii½ og ck?k ls ugha Mjrk FkkA

¼iv½ og prqj FkkA

¼x½ 'ksj us ck?k dks naM D;ksa fn;k\

¼i½ mlus >wB cksyk FkkA

¼ii½ mlus x/s ls cgl dh FkhA

¼iii½ og x/s dks [kkuk pkgrk FkkA

¼iv½ og x/s dks NksVk fn[kkuk pkgrk FkkA

3- 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks& le>nkj ckr jkLrs ?kkl

¼d½ x/k pjdj ykSV jgk FkkA

¼[k½ esa mls ck?k feykA

¼x½ dksbZ viuh ls ihNs gVus dks rS;kj ugha FkkA

¼?k½ ^^x/k rks ew[kZ gS] ysfdu rqe rks gksA**

4- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ ck?k us x/s dks fdl uke ls iqdkjk\

¼[k½ 'ksj fdl dke dh rS;kjh dj jgk Fkk] tc nksuksa mlOksQ ikl igq¡ps\

¼x½ 'ksj us ck?k dks naM nsus dk dkj.k D;k crk;k\

¼?k½ ;fn x/s us ?kkl dks gjh crk fn;k gksrk] rks D;k gksrk\

Hkk"kk&Kku

lcOksQ uke okys 'kCn ¼loZuke½% tks 'kCn uke okys 'kCnksa OksQ LFkku ij iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSa] mUgsa loZuke dgrs gSa_ tSls& ;g] og] ge] rqe] vki

vkfnA

ck?k vkSj x/k

1- mfpr lcOksQ uke okys 'kCn ¼loZuke½ ls fjDr LFkku Hkjks& og eSa mls oss

¼d½ jkLrs esa ck?k feykA

¼[k½ IkSQlyk djsaxs fd ?kkl gjh gksrh gS ;k uhyhA

¼x½ ck?k dks ,d eghus OkqQN u cksyus dh lTkk nsrk gw¡A

¼?k½ ltk lqudj pyk x;kA

2- lcOksQ uke okys (loZuke) 'kCnkssa ls okD; cukdj fy[kks&

¼d½ eSa & ¼[k½ og &

¼x½ ;g & ¼?k½ rqe &

¼Mñ ½ vki &

3- dkSUk OkSQLkk gksrk gS\ feyku djks&

¼d½ gjh ¼i½ x/k

¼•½ le>nkj ¼ii½ dkSvk

¼x½ jktk ¼iii½ ?kkl

¼?k½ ew[kZ ¼iv½ ck?k

¼Mñ½ dkyk ¼v½ 'ksj

4- fcanq (— ) okys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ ¼[k½

¼x½ ¼?k½ eSa tkrk gw¡A jax

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 nksLrksa OksQ lkFk feydj 'ksj] ck?k vkSj x/s dk eqOkqQV rS;kj

djks vkSj dgkuh dks ukVd dh rjg [ksyksA rqe blesa vius

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk dh lgk;rk ys ldrs gksA

 x/k 'kkdkgkjh tkuoj gksrk gS] tcfd 'ksj ek¡lkgkjhA rqe ik¡p 'kkdkgkjh vkSj ik¡p eka¡lkgkjh tkuojksa OksQ uke fy[kksA Ekk¡lkgkjh 'kkdkgkjh

ck?k vkSj x/k

18 lkglh ckyd jatu

ge tkusaxs

NksVs cPps Hkh cM+s dke dj ldrs gSaA ;g ikB gesa fl[kkrk gS fd dfBu

le; esa le>nkjh vkSj cgknqjh ls dke djuk pkfg,A gesa dHkh Hkh ?kcjkuk

ugha pkfg,A

vkvks i<+sa

jatu mM+hlk osQ NksVs&ls xk¡o esa jgrk FkkA ljfn;ksa osQ fnu FksA og vius ?kj

osQ cjkens esa lks;k gqvk FkkA

ikl dh pkjikbZ ij mlosQ firk th Hkh lks jgs FksA vpkud ckgj ls fdlh OksQ

pyus dh vkokTk vkbZ& pjZ&pjZ&pjZ----A

pkjikbZ & fcLrj] [kkV_ vpkud& ,dk,d

^^njokTkk [kksyks] ojuk ge xksyh ekj nsaxs]** ckgj ls ,d Tkksjnkj vkokTk vkbZA

lkFk osQ ?kj ls ,d vkSjr dh ph[k lqukbZ nh] ^^cpkvks] cpkvks! MkOkwQ] MkOkwQ!**

jatu >V ls mBk] ^^firk th] ;g rks iqrqy pkph dh vkokTk gS!**

^^gk¡] gk¡! yxrk gS] muosQ ?kj esa MkOkwQ ?kql x, gSa!** jatu osQ firk th cksysA

^^gesa mUgsa cpkuk pkfg,** & ;g dgdj jatu rsTkh ls ckgj HkkxkA

jatu Nqirs&Nqikrs iM+ksl osQ izR;sd ?kj esa x;k vkSj lcdks crk fn;kA

oqQN gh feuVksa esa xk¡o OksQ lkjs yksx bdV~Bk gks x, vkSj iqrqy pkph osQ ?kj

dh vksj nkSM+sA

MkOkqQvksa vkSj xk¡ookyksa osQ chp tedj eqdkcyk 'kq: gks x;kA

cprs&cpkrs jatu us Hkkxdj iqfyl pkSdh esa Hkh [+kcj dj nhA

>V & ,dne] rqjar_ eqdkcyk & cjkcjh] lekurk

ns[krs&gh&ns[krs iqfyl okys Hkh vk x,A xk¡ookyksa dh lgk;rk vkSj jatu dh

cgknqjh ls lkjs MkOkwQ idM+s x,A iqfyl dks mudh cgqr fnuksa ls ryk'k FkhA

iqfyl vkSj xk¡ookyksa us jatu dh cgknqjh dh [kwc iz'kalk dhA jatu dks fnYYkh

esa jk"Vªifr n~okjk ohjrk iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA

ohjrk& cgknqjh_ ryk'k& [kkst_ iqjLdkj& buke

izR;sd o"kZ 5 ls 18 o"kZ OksQ cgknqj cPpksa dks Hkkjr ljdkj

n~okjk ^cky iqjLdkj* fn;k tkrk gSA ;g 26 tuojh dks fn;k tkrk gSA bls ^jk"Vªifr cky iqjLdkj* dgk tkrk gS] D;ksafd ;g

iqjLdkj ns'k OksQ jk"Vªifr n~okjk iznku fd;k tkrk gSA cgknqjh

iqjLdkj ikus okys cPps x.kra=k fnol dh ijsM esa Hkh 'kkfey fd, tkrs gSaA

Jqrys[k

cjkenk pkjikbZ vpkud T kksjnkj

eqdkcyk cgknqjh iqjLdkj cpkvks

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ jatu dgk jgrk Fkk\

¼[k½ MkOkwQ fdlOksQ ?kj esa ?kqls Fks\

¼x½ iqfyl dks fdudh ryk'k Fkh\

¼?k½ jatu dks mldh cgknqjh OksQ fy, dkSu&lk iqjLdkj feyk\

¼Mñ½ ^lkglh ckyd jatu* dgkuh ls gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ jatu us ckgj fdldh vkokTk lquh\

¼i½ pyus dh

¼ii½ canwd dh

¼iii½ vkx dh

¼iv½ OkqQRrksa dh

dk lkgl

¼[k½ jatu us xk¡ookyksa dks OkSQls [+kcj nh\

¼i½ Tkksj ls fpYykdj

¼ii½ lcdks cqykdj

¼iii½ njokTks ij tkdj

¼iv½ iqfyl dks IkQksu djOksQ

¼x½ jatu us lcls igys fdls txk;k\

¼i½ vius HkkbZ dks

¼ii½ vius firk dks

¼iii½ vius nksLr dks

¼iv½ viuh ek¡ dks

¼?k½ jatu us xk¡ookyksa dks [krjs OksQ ckjs esa crkus OksQ ckn D;k fd;k\

¼i½ lksus pyk x;k

¼ii½ dejs esa fNi x;k

¼iii½ iqfyl dks lwpuk nh

¼iv½ firk th dks crk;k

3- okD;ksa OksQ lkeus lgh () vFkok xyr (✗) dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼i½ jatu dks tc vkokTk lqukbZ nh] rc og Mj x;kA

¼ii½ jatu dh cgknqjh OksQ dkj.k xk¡ookys [krjs ls cp x,A

¼iii½ jatu us iqfyl dks lwfpr fd;k vkSj os vk x,A

¼iv½ jatu OksQ firk vkokTk lqudj Hkh ugha tkxsA

¼v½ jatu dks mldh cgknqjh OksQ fy, iqjLdkj feykA

4- lgh 'kCn pqudj fjDr LFkku Hkjks&

¼d½ jatu cgqr FkkA (cgknqj@vkylh)

¼[k½ iqrqy pkph OksQ ?kj esa ?kql x,A (MkOkwQ@iqfyl)

¼x½ iqfyl us lkjs idM+ fy,A (MkOkwQ@xk¡ookys)

¼?k½ jk"Vªifr us jatu dks fn;kA (iqjLdkj@fdrkc)

¼Mñ½ xk¡ookys MkOkqQvksa ls x,A (fHkM+@[ksy)

5- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj fy[kks&

¼d½ jatu dkSu Fkk\

¼[k½ jatu dgk¡ lks jgk Fkk\

¼x½ jatu us ckgj dh vkokTk lqudj D;k fd;k\

¼?k½ iqfyl us xk¡o igq¡pdj D;k fd;k\

¼Mñ½ ;fn rqe jatu dh txg gksrs] rks D;k djrs\ nks okD;ksa esa fy[kksA

1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa OksQ myVs vFkZokys 'kCn fy[kks&

¼d½ xjeh

¼x½ ckgj

¼Mñ½ ge

¼[k½ fnu

¼?k½ cgknqj

2- leku vFkZokys 'kCnksa dk feyku djks&

¼d½ Nr (i) flikgh

¼[k½ firk th (ii) yM+kbZ

¼x½ lSfud (iii) lekpkj

¼?k½ eqdkcyk (iv) edku

¼Mñ½ [+kcj (iv) ckcw th

3- ukeokys (laKk) 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkvks&

¼d½ jatu lks jgk FkkA

¼[k½ pkph dh vkokTk lqukbZ nhA

¼x½ xk¡o esa MkOkwQ ?kql vk, FksA

¼?k½ OkqQN nsj ckn iqfyl Hkh vk xbZA

¼Mñ½ jk"Vªifr ohjrk iqjLdkj nsrs gSaA

vkvks OkqQN djsa

 rqEgsa lcls cgknqj dkSu yxrk gS\ fn, x, LFkku ij mudk fp=k

fpidkdj mudk uke fy[kksA

uke &

fp=k ;gk¡ fpidkvks

gekjk >aMk

vkvks i<+sa

(d{kk esa lHkh cPps viuh&viuh txg ij cSBs gSaA f'kf{kdk OksQ gkFk esa frjaxk

>aMk gSA og cPpksa ls ckr dj jgh gSaA)

f'kf{kdk % cPpks! dy D;k gS\

lHkh % Lora=krk fnol-----A

f'kf{kdk % Lora=krk fnol osQ fnu ge D;k djrs gSa\

lHkh % frjaxk >aMk iQgjkrs gSaA

f'kf{kdk % fiadh] gekjs >aMs esa fdrus jax gSa\

fiadh % rhu jax gSaA

f'kf{kdk % bls frjaxk D;ksa dgrs gSa\

xksiw % ;g rhu jaxksa dk gS] blfy, bls ge ^frjaxk* dgrs gSaA

jtuh % bu rhu jaxksa dk D;k vFkZ gS\

f'kf{kdk % lcls Åij osQlfj;k jax dh iV~Vh gSA ;g gesa ohjrk dk lans'k nsrk gSA chp esa lIksQn jax dh iV~Vh gSA lIksQn jax gesa 'kkafr vkSj

lPpkbZ dk lans'k nsrk gSA gjk jax gekjs ns'k dh gfj;kyh vkSj

[kq'kgkyh n'kkZrk gSA

fiadh % eSa Bhd ls le>h ughaA

gekjk

>aMk

f'kf{kdk % ns[kks cPpks! vxj ns'k ij dksbZ [krjk gqvk rks gesa ohjksa dh Hkk¡fr

nq'euksa dks ekj Hkxkuk pkfg,A ;g lans'k gesa osQlfj;k jax nsrk gSA

xksiw % eSa le> x;k! lIksQn jax gesa lR; vkSj 'kkafr dk lans'k nsrk gSA

;g gesa crkrk gS fd gesa egkRek xk¡/h dh rjg ges'kk lp cksyuk

pkfg,A gesa vkil esa fey&tqydj Hkh jguk pkfg,A

f'kf{kdk % gk¡] Bhd dgk rqeusA gesa vkil esa fey&tqydj jguk pkfg,A

djhe % gjk jax gesa D;k fl[kykrk gS\

f'kf{kdk % ;g jax ns'k dh [kq'kgkyh izdV djrk gSA ge [ksrksa esa vukt] iQYk] LkfCTk;k¡ vkfn mxkrs gSaA [ksrksa esa gfj;kyh gksxh] rks ns'k esa

[kq'kgkyh gksxkA

,YcVZ % >aMs osQ chp esa ;g xksYk&xksy D;k cuk gS\

f'kf{kdk % vPNk iz'u fd;k rqeusA ;g v'kksd pozQ gSA ;g gesa lnk vkxs

c<+rs jgus dk lans'k nsrk gSA

vadqj % esjh nhnh crk jgh Fkha fd frjaxk gekjk jk"Vªh; >aMk gSA

f'kf{kdk % gk¡] frjaxk gekjk jk"Vªh; >aMk gSA gesa bldk lEeku djuk pkfg,A t; fgan!

lHkh % t; fgan!

20 iQyksa dh ckrphr

ge tkusaxs

iQy gekjs LokLF; osQ fy, cgqr vko';d gksrs gSaA gesa izfrfnu vyx&vyx

iQy •kus pkfg,] rkfd 'kjhj e”kcwr vkSj LoLFk jgsA

vkvks i<a+s

vkt jksgu osQ fon~;ky; esa mRlo FkkA ml mRlo esa ys tkus osQ fy, Vksdjh

esa oqQN iQy j[ks FksA os vkil esa ckrsa djus yxsA lc cgqr •q'k Fks] D;ksafd

vkt mUgsa mRlo esa tkuk FkkA

lsc cksyk] ¶ueLrs nksLrks! eSa lsc gw¡A yksx dgrs gSa& ^jksTk ,d lsc •kvks] MkWDVj dks nwj HkxkvksA* eSa 'kjhj dks e”kcwr vkSj psgjk pednkj cukrk gw¡A¸

osQyk eqLdjk;k vkSj cksyk] ¶lgh dgk lsc HkkbZ! eSa

osQyk gw¡A eq>esa cgqr 'kfDr gksrh gSA tks eq>s •krs gSa]

mUgsa rqjar ÅtkZ feyrh gSA¸

pednkj& mtyk vkSj lqanj_ ÅtkZ& rkdr] 'kfDr

iQyksa dh ckrphr

vaxwj us g¡lrs gq, dgk] ¶eSa NksVk gw¡] ij dke cM+k djrk

gw¡! eSa •wu lkIkQ djrk gw¡ vkSj xjeh esa 'kjhj dks BaMd

igq¡pkrk gw¡A¸

vukj cksyk] ¶eq>s ^MkWDVj* Hkh dgk tkrk gS] D;ksafd

eSa •wu c<+krk gw¡ vkSj chekfj;ksa ls cpkrk gw¡A esjs yky nkus lcdks ilan vkrs gSaA¸

iihrk cksyk] ¶eSa isV OksQ fy, cgqr vPNk gw¡A tks eq>s

•krs gSa] mudk ikpu Bhd jgrk gSA eSa psgjs dh ped Hkh c<+krk gw¡A¸

vke cksyk] ¶eSa rks lcdk ilanhnk gw¡A eq>ss ^iQyksa dk

jktk* dgk tkrk gSA eq>esa foVkfeu ^,* gksrk gS] tks

vk¡•ksa dh jks'kuh dks c<+krk gSA¸

gw¡ vkSj Ropk dks lqanj cukrh gw¡A¸

ikpu& •kuk ipus dh fØ;k_ Ropk& 'kjhj dh ckgjh ijr] peM+h

yhph f•yf•ykbZ vkSj cksyh] ¶vkSj eSa gw¡ ehBh yhph!

eq>esa jl vkSj Lokn nksuksa gSaA eSa 'kjhj dks BaMd nsrh

lc iQy feydj cksys] ¶ns•ks cPpks! ge lc Lokfn"V

gh ugha] cfYd lsgrean Hkh gSaA gesa izfrfnu •kvks

vkSj LoLFk jgksA¸

fiQj Vksdjh esa j[ks lkjs iQyksa us feydj xhr

xk;k&

¶iQy •kvks] ranq#Lr cuks]

gj fnu •q'k jgks] eLr cuks!¸

lsgrean& LOkLFk j[kus okyk_ izfrfnu& jksTk_ ranq:Lr& LoLFk

Jqrys[k

lkspks vkSj crkvks

1- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa OksQ mRrj crkvks&

¼d½ lsc us vius ckjs esa D;k crk;k\

¼[k½ osQyk •kus ls D;k ykHk gksrk gS\

¼x½ vke dks ^iQyksa dk jktk* D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\

iQyksa dh ckrphr

vaxwj f•yf•ykbZ lqanj iihrk

¼?k½ iihrk fdlosQ fy, vPNk gksrk gS\

¼Mñ½ rqEgsa dkSu&lk iQy vPNk yxrk gS vkSj D;ksa\

lkspks vkSj fy[kks

2- mfpr mRrj ij lgh () dk fu'kku yxkvks&

¼d½ dkSu [kwu c<+krk gS\

¼i½ vukj

¼iii½ yhph

¼ii½ vke

¼iv½ vaxwj

¼[k½ fdl iQYk dks ^MkWDVj* Hkh dgk tkrk gS\

¼i½ vke

¼iii½ vukj

¼x½ yhph fdls pednkj cukrh gS\

¼i½ gkFk dks

¼iii½ Ropk dks

3- lgh 'kCn Hkjdj okD; iwjs djks&

¼ii½ iihrk

¼iv½ osQYkk

¼ii½ iSj dks

¼iv½ isV dks

¼d½ jksgu osQ esa mRlo FkkA (?kj@fon~;ky;)

¼[k½ lkjs iQy esa j[ks FksA (Vksdjh@cLrk)

¼x½ vke esa gksrk gSA (foVkfeu&,@foVkfeu&ch)s

¼?k½ yhph 'kjhj dks nsrh gSA (BaMd@xjeh)

4- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,&

¼d½ dkSUk&lk iQy gesa e”kcwr cukrk gS\

¼[k½ dkSu&lk iQy ikpu dks Bhd j[krk gS\

¼x½ vukj dks ^MkWDVj* D;ksa dgk tkrk gS\

¼?k½ ge lcdks iQy D;ksa [kkus pkfg,\

Hkk"kk&Kku

1- iQyksa vkSj lfC”k;ksa dks muosQ jaxksa ls feykvks&

2- uhPks fn, x, iQyksa dh nks&nks fo'ks"krk,¡ fy[kks& lsc & ehBk yky

¼d½ yhph &

¼[k½ osQYkk &

¼x½ vaxwj &

¼?k½ vukj & vkvks OkqQN djsa

 vius euilan iQYk dk fp=k cukdj mlesa jax HkjksA

gaajar 21

FkksM+h&FkksM+h [kkn iM+h]

Xkktj gkFkksa&gkFk c<+hA

Lkkspk xktj ysdj vk,a¡]

gyok xje&xje cuk,a¡A

xktj dk Fkk cht iqjkuk]

nknh th us cks;k nkukA

ikuh Mkyk vaOkqQj IkwQVk]

/hjs&/hjs cu x;k cwVkA

idM+h pksVh Tkksj yxk;k]

gkFk ugha ij OkqQN Hkh vk;kA

ugha cuk] OkqQN ugha cuk]

vkSj cqykvks ,d tukA

fIkQj nknh dk dkYkw vk;k]

HkkSad&HkkSaddj Tkksj yxk;k]

gkFk ugha ij OkqQN Hkh vk;kA

ugha cuk] OkqQN ugha cuk]

vkSj cqykvks ,d tukA

nkSM+k&nkSM+k caVh vk;k]

feydj mlus Tkksj yxk;k]

gkFk ugha ij OkqQN Hkh vk;kA

ugha cuk] OkqQN ugha cuk]

vkSj cqykvks ,d tukA

lqudj lcdh ph[kk&fpYYkh]

vk xbZ fIkQj nknh th dh fcYYkhA

lcus feydj Tkksj yxk;k]

xktj m[kM+k gkFk esa vk;kA

vHkh cuk th] vHkh cuk]

dke gekjk vHkh cukA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ ckjs e ^vkstl* ikB~;iqLrd `a[kyk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP 2020) vkSj jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs•k (NCF 2022-23) osQ fn'kk&funsZ'kksa ij vk/kfjr gSA ;g lquus] cksyus] i<+us vkSj fy•us tSls ewy Hkk"kk dkS'kyksa dks lqxe vkSj ;kstukcn~/ fof/ ls fl•krh gSA jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP 2020) osQ lq>koksa osQ vuqlkj ;g ikB~;iqLrd fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks O;ogkj vkSj Hkk"kk dkS'ky fl•kus osQ

i;kZIr volj miyC/ djkrh gSA blesa dk;Z&vk/kfjr xfrfof/;k¡ vkSj lkewfgd dk;ksZa ij cy

fn;k x;k gSA lkFk&gh&lkFk fMftVy lalk/u lh[kus dh izfØ;k dks vkSj jkspd ,oa izHkko'kkyh cukrs gSaA blosQ lkFk&lkFk ;g ikB~;iqLrd fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks lkekftd&HkkoukRed :i ls lqn`<+ ,oa mRRkjnk;h ukxfjd cuus dh f'k{kk Hkh nsrh gSA

eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡

� fon~;kfFkZ;kssa oQh vk;q o Lrj osQ vuq:i Hkk"kk osQ laiw.kZ fodkl ij osaQfnzrA

� lquus] cksyus] i<+us o fy[kus tSlh Hkk"kk;h dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl dks izkFkfedrkA

� O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn&HkaMkj ij cyA

� ckSn~f/d Lrj osQ vuq:i dgkfu;ksa] dforkvksa o xfrfof/;ksa dk p;uA

� vH;kl ,oa iqujkH;kl osQ vusd voljksa dh miyC/rkA

� lkekftd] uSfrd o ekuoh; ewY;ksa ls ifjfpr djkus ij cyA

� fon~;kfFkZ;kssa esa Lora=k :i ls lkspus vkSj lgh fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk dk fodklA

� fMftVy lalk/uksa OksQ iz;ksx ij cyA

� f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa esa 21oha lnh osQ dkS'kyksa dk fodklA

UOLO osQ ckjs esa

Uolo K-12 fon~;ky;ksa osQ lkFk lk>snkjh djosQ rduhd&l{ke f'k{k.k dk;ZØe çnku djrk gSA gekjk ekuuk gS fd f'k{kk vkSj rduhd dks feydj dke djuk pkfg,] rkfd foLr`r Lrj ij lHkh fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks csgrj f'k{k.k vuqHko çnku fd, tk losaQA Uolo Hkkjr] nf{k.k&iwoZ vkSj eè;&iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ 15,000 ls vfèkd fon~;ky;ksa osQ lkFk dke djrk gSA

ISBN: 978-93-89789-75-1

hello@uolo.com

ओजस Hindi Book 2 _EBook

fganh ikB~;iqLrd

fganh ikB~;iqLrd

1 esjk ifjokj

3 ckyd 'kkL=kh dh lknxh

gksyh vkbZ

5 g¡l&g¡l ekjs NDdk

nknh ek¡

nksLrh dh nkor

jhek dk I;kjk lalkj

bZekunkj ydM+gkjk

taxy esa fØOksQV

ek¡xks er

14 vks.ke dk R;ksgkj

n`';&2

n`';&3

igsfy;k¡

16 panw dh lkbfdy

ck?k vkSj x/k

18

lkglh ckyd jatu

gekjk >aMk

20 iQyksa dh ckrphr

gaajar 21