Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Biology How Life Works
Edition:
3rd Edition
Author(s):
James Morris Daniel Hartl Andrew Knoll Robert Lue
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Chapter 1 Multiple Choice 1. Nucleic acids are important information storage molecules present in virtually every cell. Which of the processes is carried out by a cell when it accesses that information in the DNA of the genes? a. transcription and translation b. DNA replication and transcription c. DNA replication and translation ANSWER: a 2. Observations are used by scientists to draw tentative explanations called hypotheses. a. true b. false ANSWER: a 3. When small molecules are linked together to form larger molecules, the increase in entropy typically comes from: a. gas produced. b. light captured (for example, in photosynthesis). c. work done (for example, creation of new bonds in larger molecules). d. heat loss. e. enzymes utilized. ANSWER: d 4. Which process is an example of the first law of thermodynamics in action? a. As monomers combine into polymers, the disorder inside the cell decreases. b. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis. c. Energy is created by cells during ATP synthesis. d. Some energy is released as heat during metabolic processes. ANSWER: b 5. Consider the image. If the ostrich egg shown in the photo is not fertilized, it is composed of approximately how many cells?
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a. 1 b. 100 c. 10,000 d. 1,000,000 e. 100,000,000 ANSWER: a 6. Imagine that you are standing in a field and you see a group of butterflies. You notice an individual butterfly that looks significantly different from the others in the population. Its difference allows the butterfly to escape predation more efficiently than the other butterflies. How might this trait have arisen in the individual? a. There were more predators in the surrounding area, so the butterfly needed the trait in order to escape predation. b. There was a mutation in a gene that led to differences in the ability to attract mates. c. There was a random mutation in a gene that led to differences in the ability to escape predation. d. There were more predators in the surrounding area, so the butterflies allowed themselves to be caught to save the faster butterflies in the population. ANSWER: c 7. All of the classifications are considered domains of life except: a. Bacteria. b. Eukarya. c. Archaea. d. Protists. e. Protists, Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria are all domains of life. ANSWER: d 8. Consider the phylogenetic tree. According to this phylogenetic tree, the primate most closely related to humans is the:
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a. lemur. b. chimpanzee. c. gorilla. d. orangutan e. gibbon. ANSWER: b 9. Trees in the desert and trees in the rainforest experience vast differences in the amount of water available for uptake. Water can be lost from the leaf surface very easily in dry and hot regions. What types of differences might you expect between tree species in a rainforest compared with those in a desert? a. Rainforest trees have fewer adaptations for conserving water than desert trees. b. Rainforest trees have adaptations for requiring less water than trees in the desert. c. Rainforest trees do not have any adaptations related to water conservation or loss. d. Rainforest trees have more adaptations for water conservation and loss than trees in the desert. ANSWER: a 10. Ecological relationships reflect the _____ traits of organisms in nature. a. biomechanical b. behavioral and physiological c. behavioral d. physiological e. behavioral, physiological, and biomechanical ANSWER: e 11. The figure illustrates the projected changes in distributions of beech trees and chinquapin oak trees in Japan if human activities continue to cause global temperatures to rise.
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Which of the statements accurately reflects these predictions? a. Beech trees will become extinct b. The distribution of beech and chinquapin oak in areas where they are found together will stay the same. c. Beech distribution will increase to the south of its present-day distribution. d. Chinquapin oak distribution will increase with rising temperatures. ANSWER: d 12. Which one of the statements about the human impact on Earth's ecology is correct? a. All of these statements about the human impact on Earth's ecology are correct. b. Agriculture has increased abundance and distribution of some species, while decreasing abundance and distribution of other species. c. Humans commandeer as much as 25% of all photosynthetic production on land. d. More atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia by humans than by the rest of nature. e. Human activities produce more carbon dioxide than do volcanoes. ANSWER: a 13. What is a hypothesis? a. the same thing as an unproven theory b. a tentative explanation that can be tested by experiments c. a verifiable observation d. an experiment that leads to a prediction e. None of the other answer options is correct. ANSWER: b 14. When carrying out a controlled experiment, it is important to: a. subject different groups to different conditions. b. change multiple variables at once to see the full effect of the variables. Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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