Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Social Psychology
Edition:
6th Edition
Author(s):
Tom Gilovich Dacher Keltner Serena Chen Richard E. Nisbett
Name: ___________________________ Class: _________________ Date: __________
APPLICATION MODULE 1 Social Psychology and Health 1. In psychology, the term “rumination” refers to the a. tendency to eat food thoroughly to aid digestion. b. tendency to think about a stressful event over and over again. c. digestive system dysfunction associated with exposure to multiple stressors. d. illusion that we are in control of events.
2. Which of the following is an immediate effect of increased cortisol levels? a. reduced blood pressure b. increased immune system activity c. increased heart rate d. blockage of the formation of traumatic memories
3. Gabriel is experiencing psychosocial stress during a job interview. Which area of Gabriel’s brain is responsible for initially processing information related to this threat? a. the amygdala b. the basal ganglia c. the fusiform gyrus d. the pineal gland
4. Because Kesa has been experiencing increased, prolonged stress as a result of going over negative events again and again in her mind, her psychologist has recommended that she try self-distancing. This means that she should a. engage in distracting activities to divert attention away from herself. b. think more about her friends and family and less about herself. c. jog regularly to take her mind off of her problems. d. focus on her feelings from the perspective of a detached observer.
5. Mikell has been thinking over and over again about a conflict she had with a coworker. As a consequence, she has allowed that stressful conflict to pervade her evenings and weekends when she is not at work. Her sister, Tori, also had a conflict with a coworker but seemed to forget about it almost immediately. When their friends are catching the common cold, which of these two will be more vulnerable to catching the cold as well? a. Mikell, because her elevated stress levels will make her immune system less effective b. Tori, because her elevated stress levels will make her immune system less effective c. Tori, because she is likely to spend more time socializing with her sick friends d. Mikell, because she is likely to spend more time socializing with her sick friends
6. Which of the following best summarizes the purpose of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which involves increased cortisol and temporary immune system suppression? a. to propagate the species through increased drive for reproduction b. to increase survival value by storing up rather than expending energy reserves c. to increase survival value by quickly responding to threats d. to improve psychological health by suppressing memories of threatening events
7. Raul and his boyfriend broke up a few months back. Despite time passing, Raul cannot stop thinking about what happened. His boyfriend seemed so in love with him and then he suddenly did an about-face. Did he meet someone else? Could Raul have done something differently? Over and over again, Raul wonders, “What went wrong?” Raul seems to be doing what? a. ruminating about the breakup b. self-distancing as he thinks about the breakup c. affective forecasting about the breakup d. reconstruing his feelings about the breakup
8. What is the correct sequence of biological responses that begin when we experience stress and result in the production of the stress hormone cortisol? a. hypothalamus → pituitary glands → adrenal glands → amygdala b. hypothalamus → pituitary glands → amygdala → adrenal glands c. amygdala → hypothalamus → pituitary gland → adrenal glands d. adrenal glands → hypothalamus → pituitary gland → amygdala
9. Tamara and Christy grew up in wealthy families and are now engineers who both make a sizable income. However, Tamara tends to think of herself as better-off than most of her friends and colleagues, while Christy tends to think that her friends and colleagues are better-off than she is. Given that Tamara and Christy have different perceptions of their social rank, how else are they likely to differ? a. Tamara is likely to ruminate more about life stressors than Christy. b. Christy is likely to ruminate more about life stressors than Tamara. c. Tamara is likely to experience worse health outcomes than Christy. d. Christy is likely to experience worse health outcomes than Tamara.
10.If we know that Jon left school after the eighth grade and has been working as a janitor for the past 20 years, what research-based predictions could we make about his health status? a. Jon is more likely to have chronically low levels of cortisol. b. Jon is more likely to die at an earlier age than those in higher-status jobs. c. Jon is less likely to develop heart disease because his job involves less stress. d. If Jon has children, they will be less likely to die in infancy.
11.Richard is a fairly wealthy man. As part of a research study, Richard is asked to indicate which rung of a ladder best represents his socioeconomic rank. How is Richard most likely to respond? a. He will select one of the highest rungs. b. He will select one of the middle rungs. c. He will select one of the lowest rungs. d. His response will depend on his subjective construal of his relative rank.
12.Kelvin is an eight-year-old boy who has grown up in a low-SES family. Which of these is most likely to be true about Kelvin’s health? a. Kelvin is likely to have health experiences that are similar to other children his age. b. Kelvin is more likely to suffer from childhood obesity and diabetes than children who belong to higher-SES families. c. Kelvin is more likely to get childhood cancer than children from higher-SES families. d. Kelvin’s immune system will be stronger than children from middle-class families, and he will have fewer health concerns.
13.How do environmental toxins affect those who live in poorer neighborhoods? a. They harm the endocrine system directly. b. They harm the nervous system and cause stress. c. They affect poorer individuals’ ability to travel to places that sell fresh food. d. They cause asthma and other breathing problems.
14.Why do people who feel empowered enjoy better health? a. They are financially richer. b. They have more access to health care. c. They have higher self-esteem and agency. d. They have more relationships.
15.How do social relationships relate to human life expectancy? a. Those with strong social relationships live longer on average. b. Those who have many relationships live longer on average. c. There is no consistent relationship between social relationships and life expectancy. d. When people have stressful relationships, it shortens their life expectancy.
16.When researchers determine that strong relationships and beneficial physical health outcomes are positively correlated, what should they conclude? a. Strong relationships cause beneficial physical health outcomes.