Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Physics
Edition:
9th Edition
Author(s):
John D. Cutnell Kenneth W. Johnson
Import Settings: Base Settings: Brownstone Default Information Field: Difficulty Information Field: SectionDef Highest Answer Letter: E Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
Chapter: Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
1. Which one of the following is an SI base unit? A) gram B) slug C) newton D) centimeter E) kilogram Ans: E Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
2. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard meter is defined in terms of A) the distance from the earth's equator to the north pole. B) the wavelength of light emitted from a krypton atom. C) the wavelength of light emitted from a sodium atom. D) a platinum-iridium bar kept in France. E) the speed of light. Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
3. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard unit of mass is defined in terms of A) a specified volume of water at 4 °C. B) a standard platinum-iridium cylinder. C) a specified number of cesium atoms. D) a standard platinum bar. E) the speed of light. Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
4. Complete the following statement: Today, the standard unit of time is defined in terms of A) the electromagnetic waves emitted by cesium atoms. B) the motion of the moon around the earth. C) the motion of a precision pendulum. D) the average solar day. E) the speed of light. Ans: A Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
5. The mass of a raindrop is 4 milligrams. Which one of the following statements indicates the correct mass of the raindrop in grams? A) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 106 grams. B) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–3 grams. C) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–1 grams. D) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 103 grams. E) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–6 grams. Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
6. Which one of the following is the longest length? A) 100 meters B) 102 centimeters C) 104 millimeters D) 105 micrometers E) 107 nanometers Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
7. In a diving competition, a woman dives from a platform that is ten meters above the surface of the water. What is the height, expressed in feet, of the platform? A) 13 feet B) 18 feet C) 24 feet D) 33 feet E) 47 feet Ans: D Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
8. A candy shop sells a pound of chocolate for $ 10.85. What is the price of 1.50 kg of chocolate at the shop? A) $ 8.17 B) $ 13.49 C) $ 17.98 D) $ 29.73 E) $ 35.81 Ans: E Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
1 milligram 9. Complete the following statement: The ratio 1 kilogram is equal to
A) 102. B) 103. C) 106. D) 10–3. E) 10–6. Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
10. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 8.0 m2? A) 8.0 × 10–4 cm2 B) 8.0 × 102 cm2 C) 8.0 × 10–2 cm2 D) 8.0 × 104 cm2 E) 8.0 × 103 cm2 Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
11. Which one of the following pairs of units may not be added together, even after the appropriate unit conversions have been made? A) grams and milligrams B) kilometers and kilograms C) miles and kilometers D) slugs and kilograms E) centimeters and yards Ans: B Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
12. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 44.5 mm? A) 4.45 × 101 m B) 4.45 × 10–2 m C) 44.5 × 10–1 m
D) 44.5 × 10–2 m E) 4.45 × 100 m Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
13. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 152 m? A) 1.52 × 101 m B) 1.52 × 102 m C) 1.52 × 10–1 m D) 1.52 × 10–2 m E) 1.52 × 100 m Ans: B Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
14. In the sport of horseshoe pitching, two stakes are 40.0 feet apart. What is the distance in meters between the two stakes? A) 24.4 m B) 4.80 m C) 18.3 m D) 12.2 m E) 15.7 m Ans: D Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
15. The Boston Marathon is the oldest annual foot race, in which those that finish complete a distance of 26 miles, 385 yards. Express this distance in kilometers. A) 16.295 km B) 16.398 km C) 42.186 km D) 42.453 km E) 56.496 km
Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
16. The surface of a lake has an area of 15.5 km2. What is the area of the lake in m2? A) 1.55 × 104 m2 B) 1.55 × 105 m2 C) 1.55 × 106 m2 D) 1.55 × 107 m2 E) 1.55 × 108 m2 Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
a=
b2 c .
17. The mathematical relationship between three physical quantities is given by If the [L] dimension of b is; [T] and the dimension of c is [L]. Which one of the following choices is the dimension of a? A) [L] [L] 2 B) [T] [L] C) [T] D) [T] [L]2 2 E) [T]
Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
18. The distance d that a certain particle moves may be calculated from the expression d = at +
SectionDef: Section 1-4
22. The length of each side of a square is 4.0 m. What is the length of the diagonal of the square (shown as a dashed line in the figure)?
A) 2.8 m B) 8.0 m C) 5.7 m D) 6.8 m E) 16 m Ans: D Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-4
23. Three sticks are arranged to form a right triangle. If the lengths of the three sticks are 0.47 m, 0.62 m and 0.78 m, what are the three angles of the triangle? A) 90°, 45°, and 45° B) 90°, 62°, and 28° C) 90°, 59°, and 31° D) 90°, 48°, and 42° E) 90°, 53°, and 37° Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-4
24. A 3.0-m ladder leans against a wall and makes an angle with the wall of 28° as shown in the drawing. What is the height h above the ground where the ladder makes contact with the wall?
A) 2.6 m B) 2.3 m C) 2.1 m D) 1.9 m E) 1.6 m Ans: A Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-4
25. A pole is held vertically by attaching wires at a height of 13.4 m above the ground. The other end of each wire is anchored in the ground at a distance of 9.54 m from the base of the pole. The pole makes a right angle with the ground. What is the length of each wire? A) 14.1 m B) 19.7 m C) 11.5 m D) 16.4 m E) 22.8 m Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-4
26. A certain mountain road is inclined 3.1° with respect to the horizon. What is the change in altitude of the car as a result of its traveling 2.90 km along the road? A) 157 m B) 181 m C) 116 m D) 203 m E) 289 m Ans: A Difficulty: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-4
27. A surveyor wants to find the distance across a river. A stake is placed on each bank of the river as shown in the figure. She measures a distance of 30.0 m from one stake to another on the same side of the river, thus finding the third vertex on a right triangle. She then measures the angle and finds it equal to 75.9°. What is the distance across the river?
A) 89.2 m B) 15.3 m C) 119 m D) 268 m E) 29.0 m Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-4
28. Which one of the following choices is a vector quantity? A) mass B) temperature C) time D) displacement E) volume Ans: D Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
29. Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantity?
A) the age of the earth B) the mass of a freight train C) the earth's pull on your body D) the temperature of an iced coffee E) the number of people attending a soccer game Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
30. Which one of the following statements is true concerning scalar quantities? A) Scalar quantities must be represented by base units. B) Scalar quantities have both magnitude and direction. C) Scalar quantities can be added to vector quantities using rules of trigonometry. D) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of trigonometry. E) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of ordinary addition. Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
31. Two vectors A and B are added together to form a vector C . The relationship between the magnitudes of the vectors is given by A + B = C. Which one of the following statements concerning these vectors is true? A) A and B must be displacements. B) A and B must have equal lengths. C) A and B must point in opposite directions. D) A and B must point in the same direction. E) A and B must be at right angles to each other. Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
32. Two vectors A and B are added together to form a vector C . The relationship between
the magnitudes of the vectors is given by: A2 + B2 = C2. Which statement concerning these vectors is true? A) A and B must be at right angles to each other. B) A and B could have any orientation relative to each other. C) A and B must have equal lengths. D) A and B must be parallel. E) A and B could be antiparallel. Ans: A Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
33. Three vectors A , B , and C add together to yield zero: A + B + C = 0. The vectors A and C point in opposite directions and their magnitudes are related by the expression: A = 2C. Which one of the following conclusions is correct? A) A and B have equal magnitudes and point in opposite directions. B) B and C have equal magnitudes and point in the same direction. C) B and C have equal magnitudes and point in opposite directions. D) A and B point in the same direction, but A has twice the magnitude of B . E) B and C point in the same direction, but C has twice the magnitude of B . Ans: B Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
34. What is the angle between the vectors A and – A when they are drawn from a common origin? A) 0° B) 90° C) 180° D) 270° E) 360° Ans: C Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
35. What is the minimum number of vectors with unequal magnitudes whose vector sum can be zero? A) two B) three C) four D) five E) six Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
36. What is the minimum number of vectors with equal magnitudes whose vector sum can be zero? A) two B) three C) four D) five E) six Ans: A Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
37. A physics student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 8.0 km and 6.0 km. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the magnitude of the resultant displacement? A) It must be 10.0 km. B) It must be 14.0 km. C) It could be equal to zero kilometers, depending on how the vectors are oriented. D) No conclusion can be reached without knowing the directions of the vectors. E) It could have any value between 2.0 km and 14.0 km depending on how the vectors are oriented. Ans: E Difficulty: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
38. A student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 6.0 m and 8.0 m, respectively. Which one of the following could not be a possible choice for the resultant? A) 2.3 m B) 6.6 m C) 10.0 m D) 12.8 m E) 14.8 m Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
39. Two displacement vectors of magnitudes 21 cm and 79 cm are added. Which one of the following is the only possible choice for the magnitude of the resultant? A) 0 cm B) 28 cm C) 37 cm D) 82 cm E) 114 cm Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
40. Which expression is false concerning the vectors shown in the sketch?
A) C = A + B B) C + A = – B C) A + B + C = 0
D) C < A + B E) A 2 + B 2 = C 2 Ans: A Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
41. City A lies 30 km directly south of city B. A bus, beginning at city A travels 50 km at 37° north of east to reach city C. How far and in what direction must the bus go from city C to reach city B? A) 20 km, west B) 40 km, west C) 80 km, west D) 40 km, east E) 80 km, east Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
42. Town A lies 20 km north of town B. Town C lies 13 km west of town A. A small plane flies directly from town B to town C. What is the displacement of the plane? A) 33 km, 33° north of west B) 19 km, 33° north of west C) 24 km, 57° north of west D) 31 km, 57° north of west E) 6.6 km, 40° north of west Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
43. A runaway dog walks 0.64 km due north. He then runs due west to a hot dog stand. If the magnitude of the dog's total displacement vector is 0.91 km, what is the magnitude of the dog's displacement vector in the due west direction? A) 0.27 km B) 0.33 km
C) 0.41 km D) 0.52 km E) 0.65 km Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
44. An escaped convict runs 1.70 km due east of the prison. He then runs due north to a friend's house. If the magnitude of the convict's total displacement vector is 2.50 km, what is the direction of his total displacement vector with respect to due east? A) 43° south of east B) 47° north of east C) 56° north of east D) 34° south of east E) 34° north of east Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
45. Four members of the Main Street Bicycle Club meet at a certain intersection on Main Street. The members then start from the same location, but travel in different directions. A short time later, displacement vectors for the four members are: A = 2.0 km, east; B = 5.2 km, north; C = 4.9 km, west; D = 3.0 km, south What is the resultant displacement R of the members of the bicycle club: R = A + B + C + D? A) 0.8 km, south B) 0.4 km, 45° south of east C) 3.6 km, 37° north of west D) 4.0 km, east E) 4.0 km, south Ans: C Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
46. A force, F1 , of magnitude 2.0 N and directed due east is exerted on an object. A second force exerted on the object is F 2 = 2.0 N, due north. What is the magnitude and direction of a third force, F3 , which must be exerted on the object so that the resultant force is zero? A) 1.4 N, 45° north of east B) 1.4 N, 45° south of west C) 2.8 N, 45° north of east D) 2.8 N, 45° south of west E) 4.0 N, 45° east of north Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
47. A sailboat leaves a harbor and sails 1.8 km in the direction 65° south of east, where the captain stops for lunch. A short time later, the boat sails 1.1 km in the direction 15° north of east. What is the magnitude of the resultant displacement from the harbor? A) 2.3 km B) 1.5 km C) 2.9 km D) 1.2 km E) 0.59 km Ans: A Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
48. Three vectors A , B , and C have the following x and y components: Ax = 1 m, Ay = 0 m, Bx = 1 m, By = 1 m, Cx = 0 m, Cy = –1 m According to the graph, how are A , B , and C combined to result in the vector D ?
A) D = A – B – C B) D = A – B + C C) D = A + B – C D) D = A + B + C E) D = – A + B + C Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
49. A displacement vector has a magnitude of 810 m and points at an angle of 18° above the positive x axis. What are the x and y scalar components of this vector? x scalar component y scalar component A) 770 m 250 m B) 560 m 585 m C) 585 m 560 m D) 250 m 750 m E) 713 m 385 m Ans: A Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-7
50. Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false? A) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself. B) It is possible to use vector components that are not perpendicular. C) A scalar component may be either positive or negative. D) A vector that is zero may have components other than zero. E) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction.
Ans: D Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-7
51. A displacement vector is 23 km in length and directed 65° south of east. What are the components of this vector? Eastward Component Southward Component A) 21 km 9.7 km B) 23 km 23 km C) 23 km 0 km D) 9.7 km 21 km E) 0 km 23 km Ans: D Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-7
52. The x and y components of a displacement vector are –3.00 m and +4.00 m, respectively. What angle does this vector make with the positive x axis? A) 233° B) 127° C) –53.0° D) 53.0° E) 37.0° Ans: B Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-7
53. A race car will make one lap around a circular track of radius R. When the car has traveled halfway around the track, what is the magnitude of the car's displacement from the starting point? A) 2R B) R C) R D) 2R
E) zero meters Ans: A Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-7
54. A bug crawls 2.25 m along the base of a wall. Upon reaching a corner, the bug's direction of travel changes from south to west. The bug then crawls 3.15 m before stopping. What is the magnitude of the bug's displacement? A) 5.40 m B) 2.72 m C) 3.87 m D) 4.11 m E) 3.29 m Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-7
55. During the execution of a play, a football player carries the ball for a distance of 33 m in the direction 58° north of east. To determine the number of meters gained on the play, find the northward component of the ball's displacement. A) 8.0 m B) 16 m C) 24 m D) 28 m E) 32 m Ans: D Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-7
56. A bird flies 25.0 m in the direction 55° east of south to its nest on a cliff. The bird then flies 75.0 m in the direction 55° west of north to the top of a tree. What are the northward and westward components of the resultant displacement of the bird from its nest? northward westward A) 29 m 41 m
B) C) D) E)
41 m 35 m 81 m 57 m
29 m 35 m 57 m 81 m
Ans: A Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-7
57. Use the component method of vector addition to find the resultant of the following three vectors: A = 56 km, east
B = 11 km, 22° south of east C = 88 km, 44° west of south A) 81 km, 14° west of south B) 97 km, 62° south of east C) 52 km, 66° south of east D) 68 km, 86° south of east E) 66 km, 7.1° west of south
Ans: D Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-8
58. Use the component method of vector addition to find the components of the resultant of the four displacements shown in the figure. The magnitudes of the displacements are: A = 2.25 cm, B = 6.35 cm, C = 5.47 cm, and D = 4.19 cm.
x component y component
A) B) C) D) E)
2.19 cm 3.71 cm 5.45 cm 1.09 cm 6.93 cm
–6.92 cm –1.09 cm –2.82 cm –3.71 cm –2.19 cm
Ans: E Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 1-8
59. A vector F1 has a magnitude of 40.0 units and points 35.0° above the positive x axis. A second vector F 2 has a magnitude of 65.0 units and points in the negative x direction. Use the component method of vector addition to find the magnitude and direction, relative to the positive x axis, of the resultant F = F1 + F 2 . A) 53.3 units, 141.8° relative to the +x axis B) 53.3 units, 52.1° relative to the +x axis C) 39.6 units, 125.4° relative to the +x axis D) 39.6 units, 54.6° relative to the +x axis E) 46.2 units, 136.0° relative to the +x axis Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 1-8
60. Two vectors A and B , are added together to form the vector C = A + B . The relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given by: Cx = A cos 30° + B and Cy = –A sin 30°. Which statement best describes the orientation of these vectors? A) A points in the negative x direction while B points in the positive y direction. B) A points in the negative y direction while B points in the positive x direction. C) A points 30° below the positive x axis while B points in the positive x direction. D) A points 30° above the positive x axis while B points in the positive x direction. E) A points 30° above the negative x axis while B points in the positive x direction. Ans: C Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 1-8
61. Which one of the following answers would give the correct number of significant figures when the following masses are added together: 3.6 kg, 113 kg, and 4.19 kg? A) 121 kg B) 120.8 kg C) 120.79 kg D) 1.20 × 102 kg E) 120.8 × 103 kg Ans: A Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Additional Problems
62. A physics text has 544 sheets (1088 pages) and is 34.3 millimeters thick between the inside front cover and the inside back cover. What is the thickness of a single sheet? A) 6.36 × 10–4 m B) 3.16 × 10–2 m C) 6.28 × 10–3 m D) 7.24 × 10–6 m E) 6.30 × 10–5 m Ans: E Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Additional Problems
63. Justine and her friends exit the physics classroom and walk 0.70 km to their math class. While walking, Justine's average step length is 58 cm. Approximately, how many steps does she take in walking between these two classes? A) 310 B) 720 C) 1200 D) 3100 E) 7200 Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Additional Problems
Reference: Ref 1-1 Two vectors, A and B , are added together to form the vector C = A + B . The relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given by: Cx = 0 Cy = A sin 60° + B sin 30° Ax and Ay point in the positive x and y directions, respectively.
64. Which one of the following statements best describes the orientation of vectors A and B ? A) A and B point in opposite directions. B) A points 60° above the positive x axis while B points 30° above the negative x axis. C) A points 60° above the negative x axis while B points 30° above the positive x axis. D) A points 60° below the positive x axis while B points 30° above the positive y axis. E) A points 60° below the positive x axis while B points 30° below the positive y axis. Ans: B Refer To: Ref 1-1 Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Additional Problems
65. How does the magnitude of A compare with that of B ? A) A = B B) A = 1.7B C) A = 0.4B D) A = 0.5B E) A = 0.7B Ans: B Refer To: Ref 1-1 Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Additional Problems
Reference: Ref 1-2 The table gives the x and y components of two vectors A and B : Vector
A B
x component +15 units +15 units
y component +10 units –10 units
66. Which one of the following statements concerning these vectors is true? A) The vector A – B has no x component. B) The two vectors have different magnitudes. C) A makes a 56° angle with the positive x axis. D) B makes a 34° angle with the positive y axis. E) The vector A + B makes a 34° angle with the positive x axis. Ans: A Refer To: Ref 1-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Additional Problems
67. Determine the magnitude of the vector sum, A + B . A) 5 units B) 15 units C) 20 units D) 30 units E) 50 units Ans: D Refer To: Ref 1-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Additional Problems
68. Determine the magnitude of the vector difference, A – B .
A) 5 units B) 15 units C) 20 units D) 30 units E) 50 units Ans: C Refer To: Ref 1-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Additional Problems
Reference: Ref 1-3 A boat radioed a distress call to a Coast Guard station. At the time of the call, a vector A from the station to the boat had a magnitude of 45.0 km and was directed 15.0° east of north. A vector from the station to the point where the boat was later found is B = 30.0 km, 15.0° north of east.
69. What are the components of the vector from the point where the distress call was made to the point where the boat was found? In other words, what are the components of vector C =
B – A? x component y component A) 35.7 km, west 17.4 km, north B) 40.6 km, east 51.2 km, south C) 17.3 km, west 51.2 km, south D) 40.6 km, east 35.7 km, north E) 17.3 km, east 35.7 km, south Ans: E Refer To: Ref 1-3 Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Additional Problems
70. How far did the boat travel from the point where the distress call was made to the point where the boat was found? In other words, what is the magnitude of vector C ?
A) 65.3 km B) 39.7 km C) 26.5 km D) 54.0 km E) 42.5 km Ans: B Refer To: Ref 1-3 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Additional Problems
Import Settings: Base Settings: Brownstone Default Information Field: Difficulty Information Field: SectionDef Highest Answer Letter: E Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
Chapter: Chapter 2
Multiple Choice
1. A particle travels along a curved path between two points P and Q as shown. The displacement of the particle does not depend on
A) the location of P. B) the location of Q. C) the distance traveled from P to Q. D) the shortest distance between P and Q. E) the direction of Q from P. Ans: C Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
2. For which one of the following situations will the path length equal the magnitude of the displacement? A) A toy train is traveling around a circular track. B) A ball is rolling down an inclined plane.
C) A train travels 5 miles east before it stops. It then travels 2 miles west. D) A ball rises and falls after being thrown straight up from the earth's surface. E) A ball on the end of a string is moving in a vertical circle. Ans: B Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
3. Which one of the physical quantities listed below is not correctly paired with its SI unit and dimension? Quantity
Unit
Dimension
velocity
m/s
[L]/[T]
path length
m
[L]
speed
m/s
[L]/[T]
D) displacement
m/s2
[L]/[T]2
m
[L]
A)
B)
C)
E) speed × time
Ans: D Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
4. A car travels in a straight line covering a total distance of 90.0 miles in 60.0 minutes. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is necessarily true? A) The velocity of the car is constant. B) The acceleration of the car must be non-zero. C) The first 45 miles must have been covered in 30.0 minutes. D) The speed of the car must be 90.0 miles per hour throughout the entire trip. E) The average velocity of the car is 90.0 miles per hour in the direction of motion.
Ans: E Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
5. At time t = 0 s, an object is observed at x = 0 m; and its position along the x axis follows this expression: x = –4t + t2, where the units for distance and time are meters and seconds, respectively. What is the object's displacement x between t = 1.0 s and t = 3.0 s? A) +16 m B) –21 m C) +10 m D) +2 m E) –5 m Ans: A Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
Reference: Ref 2-1 Peter noticed a bug crawling along a meter stick and decided to record the bug's position in five-second intervals. After the bug crawled off the meter stick, Peter created the table shown.
6. What is the displacement of the bug between t = 0.00 s and t = 20.0 s? A) +39.9 cm B) –39.9 cm C) +65.7 cm D) –16.1 cm E) +16.1 cm Ans: E
Refer To: Ref 2-1 Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
7. What is the total distance that the bug traveled between t = 0.00 s and t = 20.0 s? Assume the bug only changed directions at the end of a five-second interval. A) 39.9 cm B) 65.7 cm C) 16.1 cm D) 47.1 cm E) 26.5 cm Ans: A Refer To: Ref 2-1 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
8. In the process of delivering mail, a postal worker walks 161 m, due east from his truck. He then turns around and walks 194 m, due west from his truck. What is the worker's displacement relative to his truck? A) 33 m, due west B) 33 m, due east C) 194 m, due west D) 252 m, due east E) 355 m, due west Ans: A Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
9. A Canadian goose flew 845 km from Southern California to Oregon with an average speed of 28.0 m/s. How long, in hours, did it take the goose to make this journey? A) 27.7 h B) 8.33 h C) 66.1 h D) 7.70 h E) 8.38 h
Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
10. When the outdoor emergency warning siren at Cheryl's school was tested, the sound from the siren took 7.0 s to reach her house located 2.40 km from the school. What is the speed of sound in air? A) 240 m/s B) 340 m/s C) 440 m/s D) 540 m/s E) 640 m/s Ans: B Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
11. A bus leaves New York City, takes a non-direct route and arrives in St. Louis, Missouri 23 hours, 16 minutes later. If the distance between the two cities is 1250 km, what is the magnitude of the bus' average velocity? A) 37.2 km/h B) 41.4 km/h C) 46.0 km/h D) 53.7 km/h E) 58.1 km/h Ans: D Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
12. Alexa's hair grows with an average speed of 3.5 × 10–9 m/s. How long does it take her hair to grow 0.30 m? Note: 1 yr = 3.156 × 107 s. A) 1.9 yr B) 1.3 yr C) 0.37 yr D) 5.4 yr
E) 2.7 yr Ans: E Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
13. Carl Lewis set a world record for the 100.0-m run with a time of 9.86 s. If, after reaching the finish line, Mr. Lewis walked directly back to his starting point in 90.9 s, what is the magnitude of his average velocity for the 200.0 m? A) 0 m/s B) 1.10 m/s C) 1.98 m/s D) 5.60 m/s E) 10.1 m/s Ans: A Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
14. During the first 18 minutes of a 1.0-hour trip, a car has an average speed of 11 m/s. What must the average speed of the car be during the last 42 minutes of the trip be if the car is to have an average speed of 21 m/s for the entire trip? A) 21 m/s B) 23 m/s C) 25 m/s D) 27 m/s E) 29 m/s Ans: C Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
15. A turtle takes 3.5 minutes to walk 18 m toward the south along a deserted highway. A truck driver stops and picks up the turtle. The driver takes the turtle to a town 1.1 km to the north with an average speed of 12 m/s. What is the magnitude of the average velocity of the turtle for its entire journey? A) 3.6 m/s
B) 9.8 m/s C) 6.0 m/s D) 2.6 m/s E) 11 m/s Ans: A Difficulty: Hard SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
Reference: Ref 2-2 A racecar, traveling at constant speed, makes one lap around a circular track of radius r in a time t. Note: The circumference of a circle is given by C = 2r.
16. When the car has traveled halfway around the track, what is the magnitude of its displacement from the starting point? A) r B) 2r C) r D) 2r E) zero meters Ans: B Refer To: Ref 2-2 Difficulty: Easy SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
17. What is the average speed of the car for one complete lap? r A) t 2r B) t r C) t 2 r t D)
E) zero meters/second Ans: D Refer To: Ref 2-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
18. Determine the magnitude of the average velocity of the car for one complete lap. r A) t 2r B) t r C) t 2 r t D) E) zero meters/second Ans: E Refer To: Ref 2-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
19. Which one of the following statements concerning this car is true? A) The displacement of the car does not change with time. B) The instantaneous velocity of the car is constant. C) The average speed of the car is the same over any time interval. D) The average velocity of the car is the same over any time interval. E) The average speed of the car over any time interval is equal to the magnitude of the average velocity over the same time interval. Ans: C Refer To: Ref 2-2 Difficulty: Medium SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2