Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Edition:
13th Edition
Author(s):
Elaine N. Marieb Suzanne M. Keller
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 13e (Marieb) Chapter 1 The Human Body: An Orientation 1.1
Multiple Choice Part I Questions
Figure 1.1 Using Figure 1.1, identify the following: 1) Identify the cavity that houses the spinal cord. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 2) Label E points to the ________ cavity. A) thoracic B) pelvic C) cranial D) abdominal Answer: D Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 1 .
3) Identify the cavity that houses the heart and lungs (and other organs). A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: C Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 4) Identify the structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: D Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 5) Label F points to the ________ cavity. A) thoracic B) pelvic C) cranial D) abdominal Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 6) Identify the cavity that houses the stomach, liver, and other digestive organs. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: E Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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7) Which of the following is the smallest unit of all living things? A) Organ B) Tissue C) Cell D) Organ system Answer: C Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 8) The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the ________ system. A) lymphatic B) integumentary C) cardiovascular D) muscular Answer: C Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 9) The skeletal muscles that contract and shorten to move the bones form the ________ system. A) skeletal B) muscular C) endocrine D) reproductive Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 10) The ________ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the ________ system removes nitrogen-containing metabolic waste in urine. A) urinary; digestive B) cardiovascular; urinary C) digestive; urinary D) reproductive; digestive Answer: C Page Ref: 4, 7 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 11) The ability to sense a mosquito landing on your arm and swat it away is described as ________. A) metabolism B) homeostasis C) excretion D) responsiveness (irritability) Answer: D Page Ref: 7-8 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 3 .
12) What accounts for 60 to 80 percent of the body's weight, depending on the age of the individual? A) Water B) Carbon C) Carbohydrates D) Minerals Answer: A Page Ref: 9 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 13) When our body temperature rises above 37°C or 98.6°F, a negative feedback mechanism will be triggered to lower the body temperature. As a result, our sweat glands release sweat to cool the body temperature. What part of the negative feedback mechanism is the sweat gland? A) Stimulus B) Effector C) Receptor D) Control center Answer: B Page Ref: 19 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 14) What type of sensor monitors and responds to changes in the environment in a negative feedback loop? A) Effector B) Receptor C) Control center D) Stimulus Answer: B Page Ref: 18 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 15) When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ________. A) to the side B) forward C) down D) behind Answer: B Page Ref: 11 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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16) The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ________. A) metabolism B) homeostasis C) irritability D) output Answer: B Page Ref: 18 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 17) The acromial region is ________ to the antebrachial region. A) superior (proximal) B) inferior (distal) C) anterior D) posterior Answer: A Page Ref: 12, 13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 18) Edna tore a ligament in the patellar region and anticipates having difficulty with her ________. A) wrist B) knee C) ankle D) elbow Answer: B Page Ref: 13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 19) The spinal cord is best described as A) lateral. B) proximal. C) ventral (anterior). D) medial. Answer: D Page Ref: 12 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 20) The central region of the thoracic cavity containing the heart is called the ________. A) pleural cavity B) mediastinum C) quadrant D) visceral cavity Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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21) The right and left iliac (inguinal) regions are lateral to the ________ region. A) hypogastric (pubic) B) right hypochondriac C) right lumbar D) left hypochondriac Answer: A Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 22) A young child sustained a baseball hit to his cranial cavity. Which bones were fractured? A) Ribs B) Vertebrae C) Hips D) Skull Answer: D Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 23) The diaphragm creates a ________ section by dividing the ventral body cavity into superior and inferior subdivisions. A) transverse (cross) B) median C) midsagittal D) frontal (coronal) Answer: A Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 24) The hypogastric (pubic) region is ________ to the umbilical region. A) superior B) inferior C) posterior D) medial Answer: B Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 25) Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ________ in humans. A) posterior B) dorsal C) anterior D) medial Answer: C Page Ref: 12 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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26) Select all of the regions of the abdominopelvic cavity that are medial. 1) right iliac (inguinal) region 2) epigastric region 3) hypogastric region 4) left lumbar region 5) left hypochondriac region A) 1, 4, and 5 B) 1, 3, and 4 C) 2 and 3 D) 1, 2, 4, and 5 Answer: C Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 27) The navel is located in the ________ region of the abdominopelvic cavity. A) epigastric B) hypogastric C) umbilical D) right lumbar Answer: C Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 28) The two major internal body cavities are the ________ cavity and the ________ cavity. A) abdominopelvic; thoracic B) ventral; dorsal C) cranial; dorsal D) thoracic; ventral Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 29) Which of these internal body cavities is the most inferior? A) Pelvic cavity B) Thoracic cavity C) Abdominal cavity D) Cranial cavity Answer: A Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
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30) The orbital cavities house the ________. A) mouth B) nose C) eyes D) ears Answer: C Page Ref: 18 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 31) Which body cavity can be further subdivided into quadrants and regions? A) Cranial B) Spinal C) Dorsal D) Abdominopelvic Answer: D Page Ref: 16-17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 32) To perform heart surgery, an incision is made into the ________ cavity. A) abdominal B) pelvic C) thoracic D) cranial Answer: C Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 33) The epigastric region is ________ to the right hypochondriac region of the abdominopelvic cavity. A) medial B) superior C) dorsal D) lateral Answer: A Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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Figure 1.2 Using Figure 1.2, identify the following: 34) In which region is the stomach located? A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: A Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 35) Which region is the umbilical region? A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: C Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 9 .
36) Which region is lateral to the umbilical region? A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: D Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 37) Which region is associated with the lower ribs? A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: B Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 38) The hypogastric (pubic) region is ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: E Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 39) Which region is situated inferior to the right lumbar region? A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D E) Label E F) Label F Answer: F Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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1.2
Multiple Choice Part II Questions
1) The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called ________. A) anatomy B) physiology C) homeostasis D) negative feedback E) irritability Answer: A Page Ref: 1 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 2) Which of the following activities represents a physiological study? A) Making a section through the kidney to observe its interior B) Examining the surface of a bone C) Viewing muscle tissue through a microscope D) Studying how the layers of the skin are organized E) Observing how the heart contracts to pump blood Answer: E Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 3) Which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others? A) Chemical level B) Tissue level C) Organ level D) Organ system level E) Cellular level Answer: D Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 4) Which of the following represents the chemical level of structure in the human body? A) Organs B) Tissues C) Atoms D) Cells E) Organ systems Answer: C Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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5) The major organs of the skeletal system are the ________. A) skeletal muscles B) pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs C) bones, cartilages, and joints D) brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors E) heart and blood vessels Answer: C Page Ref: 3-4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 6) The main function of the respiratory system is to ________. A) transport oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to and from body cells and tissues B) produce sperm and eggs C) supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide D) control body activities through hormones released into the blood E) break down food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal Answer: C Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 7) The system that controls and coordinates the body using hormones is the ________. A) integumentary system B) skeletal system C) nervous system D) endocrine system E) digestive system Answer: D Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 8) The nervous system consists of ________. A) receptors and effectors B) muscles of the heart C) glands that produce hormones D) lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and lymphoid organs E) bones, cartilages, and joints Answer: A Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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9) Which two organ systems include the pancreas? A) Digestive and endocrine systems B) Urinary and respiratory systems C) Reproductive and urinary systems D) Digestive and respiratory systems E) Endocrine and respiratory systems Answer: A Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 10) Which system covers the external surface of the body and protects deeper tissues? A) Endocrine system B) Integumentary system C) Nervous system D) Lymphatic system E) Skeletal system Answer: B Page Ref: 3 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 11) What is the major function of the lymphatic system? A) Return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system, so there is enough blood to circulate B) Deliver oxygen, nutrients, and hormones via the blood to the body's cells C) Eliminate nitrogen-containing metabolic wastes from the blood in the form of urine D) Break down food and deliver the nutrients to the blood E) Secrete hormones into the blood to regulate body processes such as growth and reproduction Answer: A Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 12) What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body? A) Digestive and urinary B) Cardiovascular and skeletal C) Muscular and skeletal D) Endocrine and nervous E) Cardiovascular and nervous Answer: A Page Ref: 4, 7 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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13) Which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides? A) Integumentary system — movement B) Nervous system — excretion C) Muscular system — maintaining boundaries D) Nervous system — responsiveness E) Respiratory system — digestion Answer: D Page Ref: 7 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 14) Which of the following is not considered a nutrient? A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) Water D) Minerals E) Vitamins Answer: C Page Ref: 9 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 15) Place these components of a homeostatic control system in the proper order. 1) effector 2) efferent pathway 3) receptor 4) control center 5) afferent pathway A) 1, 5, 4, 2, and 3 B) 3, 2, 4, 5, and 1 C) 3, 5, 2, 4, and 1 D) 3, 5, 4, 2, and 1 E) 5, 3, 4, 1, and 2 Answer: D Page Ref: 19 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing 16) Blood calcium levels are maintained by a negative feedback homeostatic mechanism. When blood calcium levels rise beyond their set point, a hormone called calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium levels back to their set point. What role does the thyroid gland play in this mechanism? A) Control center B) Stimulus C) Effector D) Receptor E) Variable Answer: C Page Ref: 19 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing 14 .
17) Milk production increases during breastfeeding when a newborn suckles from his mother's nipple. This type of feedback mechanism in which the stimulus pushes milk production farther from its original value best describes ________. A) negative feedback B) an abnormal physiological mechanism C) homeostatic imbalance D) positive feedback E) both negative and positive feedback Answer: D Page Ref: 20 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 18) A body part that is considered lateral is understood to be ________. A) toward the head end of the body B) toward or at the front of the body C) away from the midline of the body D) close to the origin of a body part E) toward the midline of the body Answer: C Page Ref: 12 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 19) When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees? A) Proximal B) Medial C) Superior D) Distal E) Deep Answer: D Page Ref: 11-12 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 20) Which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans)? A) Superior and caudal B) Inferior and cranial C) Inferior and cephalic D) Anterior and ventral E) Anterior and dorsal Answer: D Page Ref: 12 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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21) Which directional term best describes the location of the human nose? A) Distal B) Posterior C) Inferior D) Anterior E) Lateral Answer: D Page Ref: 12-13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 22) A football player broke a bone in the tarsal region. This region is in the ________. A) calf B) thigh C) groin D) ankle E) wrist Answer: D Page Ref: 13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 23) A weight lifter experiences nerve pain in his posterior elbow region. Which term best describes this body region? A) Carpal B) Olecranal C) Antecubital D) Antebrachial E) Popliteal Answer: B Page Ref: 13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 24) In reference to the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions, which of the following statements is correct? A) The patellar region is superior to the popliteal region. B) The patellar region is proximal to the popliteal region. C) The patellar region is distal to the popliteal region. D) The patellar region is lateral to the popliteal region. E) The patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region. Answer: E Page Ref: 12-13 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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25) Which body cavity subdivision is part of the dorsal cavity? A) Thoracic cavity B) Spinal cavity C) Nasal cavity D) Orbital cavity E) Abdominopelvic cavity Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 26) The lungs and heart are situated in the ________ body cavity. A) dorsal B) spinal C) thoracic D) cranial E) abdominopelvic Answer: C Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 27) Which of these body regions is located on the posterior body surface? A) Antebrachial B) Umbilical C) Gluteal D) Pectoral E) Pubic Answer: C Page Ref: 14 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 28) The region that refers to the fingers and toes is the ________. A) carpal region B) digital region C) antebrachial region D) brachial region E) axillary region Answer: B Page Ref: 14 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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29) The dorsal body cavity houses the ________. A) urinary and reproductive organs B) heart and lungs C) digestive and reproductive organs D) tongue E) spinal cord and brain Answer: E Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 30) Place these body regions in order from superior (proximal) to inferior (distal): 1) coxal 2) tarsal 3) femoral 4) crural 5) patellar A) 1, 3, 4, 5, and 2 B) 1, 3, 5, 4, and 2 C) 1, 4, 3, 5, and 2 D) 2, 4, 5, 3, and 1 E) 2, 5, 4, 3, and 1 Answer: B Page Ref: 13-14 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing 31) Which of these regions is not associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head? A) Buccal B) Oral C) Orbital D) Occipital E) Nasal Answer: D Page Ref: 13-14 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 32) A surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery. The incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity. This section is known as a(n) ________. A) median (midsagittal) section B) frontal section C) transverse section D) horizontal section E) parasagittal section Answer: A Page Ref: 15 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 18 .
33) Which type of plane separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? A) Coronal B) Sagittal C) Dorsal D) Ventral E) Transverse (cross) Answer: E Page Ref: 15-16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 34) Which body cavity includes all others? A) Thoracic cavity B) Ventral cavity C) Abdominal cavity D) Pelvic cavity E) Mediastinum Answer: B Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 35) A broken rib on the right side of the body would likely be felt in the A) right lumbar region. B) epigastric region. C) right hypochondriac region. D) right iliac (inguinal) region. E) hypogastric region. Answer: C Page Ref: 17-18 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing 36) An X-ray indicates a fracture in the distal portion of the tibia bone. You understand the fracture to be on which part of the bone? A) The part of the bone farther from the attachment of the femur to the body B) The part of the bone closer to the attachment of the femur to the body C) The backside of the bone D) The part of the bone closer to the midline of the body E) The surface of the bone Answer: A Page Ref: 12 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
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37) A patient in the emergency department complains of pain in her right upper quadrant (RUQ). What organ is least likely to be the cause for her pain? A) Liver B) Gallbladder C) Large intestine D) Urinary bladder E) Small intestine Answer: D Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing 38) Considering the homeostatic control of body temperature when we become too hot, predict what would happen to body temperature if the effector was unable to perform its job. A) The body would no longer be able to detect changes in the environment. B) Changes in the environment would not cause a change in the set value for body temperature. C) The body would not be able to transport information to the control center. D) The body would not be able to reduce the effect of the stimulus. E) The body would not be able to transport information from the control center to the effector. Answer: D Page Ref: 19 Bloom's: 5: Evaluating 39) A patient previously had abdominal surgery and has a scar from a transverse (cross) section. Now, he'll have another surgery that requires a parasagittal section, which will intersect the transverse section. What will his scars look like when his surgical incision heals? Assume this patient is in anatomical position. A) X B) T C) + D) Two parallel lines E) Y Answer: C Page Ref: 15-16 Bloom's: 5: Evaluating 40) A patient with a brain injury shows no signs of being able to move any part of his body. What would you recommend to determine if his brain shows any signs of responsiveness (irritability)? A) Shine a light in his eyes to see if his pupils constrict B) Bring food in the room to see if the patient is hungry C) Check to see if your patient has a pulse D) Turn the lights off in the room to see if the patient can sleep E) Call the patient's relatives Answer: A Page Ref: 7-8 Bloom's: 5: Evaluating 20 .
41) An outpatient is having a scan performed to check for lung cancer. The lung should be scanned showing the lungs image in a left to right view. What type of plane do you recommend? A) Transverse (cross) plane B) Median (midsagittal) plane C) Frontal (coronal) plane D) Parasagittal plane E) Sagittal plane Answer: A Page Ref: 15-16 Bloom's: 5: Evaluating 1.3
True/False Questions
1) Cells are the building blocks of all matter. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 2) The stomach is an example of an organ; therefore, it is made of different types of tissues. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 2 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 3) Glands of the nervous system release chemicals called hormones into the blood. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 4) The cardiovascular and lymphatic systems work together to ensure blood circulation to the body's cells is adequate. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 4 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 5) The digestive system is often called the excretory system for its role in removing nitrogencontaining wastes from the body. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 7 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 6) Most homeostatic control mechanisms are negative feedback mechanisms. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 19 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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7) Survival needs include nutrients, oxygen, water, and appropriate temperature and atmospheric pressure. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 9 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 8) In anatomical position, a person is assumed to be standing erect. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 11 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 9) The regional term pedal refers to the foot. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 13-14 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 10) The tarsal region is proximal to the patellar region. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 12-14 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 11) The hypogastric (pubic) region is directly superior to the umbilical region. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 17 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 12) The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 13) The spinal cavity is part of the ventral body cavity. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 12, 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 14) Transverse or cross sections divide the body into anterior and posterior parts. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding 15) There is no physical structure that separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 16 Bloom's: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
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