Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Chemistry Principles and Reactions
Edition:
8th
Author(s):
William L. Masterton Cecile N. Hurley
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Class:
Date:
Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements Multiple Choice 1. An element is a substance that a. cannot be decomposed into two or more pure substances. b. is composed of two or more different substances. c. is a gas at room temperature. d. can be separated into two or more pure substances by distillation. e. can be separated into two or more substances by chromatography. ANSWER: a 2. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT a. of the 118 known elements, 91 occur naturally. b. an element cannot be broken down into two or more pure substances. c. a compound is a substance that contains two or more elements. d. a pure compound always contains the same elements in the same mass percentages. e. another name for a heterogeneous mixture is a solution. ANSWER: e 3. All of the following statements concerning water (H2O) are false EXCEPT a. the percentage of oxygen in H2O is independent of where the sample is obtained. b. H2O is a heterogeneous mixture. c. H2O is a homogeneous mixture. d. H2O is an element. e. H2O has properties similar to those of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. ANSWER: a 4. Which of the following may be used to separate water into hydrogen and oxygen? a. Filtration b. Electrolysis c. Distillation d. Chromatography e. Freezing ANSWER: b 5. Which of the following is/are likely to form a homogeneous mixture? 1. Milk and ice cream blended together with chocolate chips 2. An egg combined with milk and butter and mixed with a whisk 3. 1 gram table salt combined with 250 mL of water a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 2 e. 1, 2, and 3 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements ANSWER: c 6. Which one of the following is most likely to be a heterogeneous mixture? a. vinegar (a mixture of acetic acid and water) b. blood c. antifreeze (a mixture of water and ethylene glycol) d. sodium chloride (table salt) dissolved in water e. the air trapped inside a car tire ANSWER: b 7. Which term best describes liquid mercury at room temperature? a. gas b. element c. compound d. homogeneous mixture e. heterogeneous mixture ANSWER: b 8. Which term best describes rocks, such as granite or marble? a. element b. compound c. distillation d. homogeneous mixture e. heterogeneous mixture ANSWER: e 9. All of the following statements are false EXCEPT a. tin (Sn) is a homogeneous mixture of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N). b. table salt is a homogeneous mixture of sodium metal and chlorine gas. c. the air trapped in a bicycle tire is a homogeneous mixture. d. sugar dissolves completely in water to give a heterogeneous mixture. e. water (H2O) is a homogeneous mixture containing hydrogen and oxygen. ANSWER: c 10. Which of the following statements concerning water, H2O, is/are true? 1. H2O is a chemical compound. 2. H2O is a homogeneous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. 3. The percentage of hydrogen in H2O is independent of where the water is obtained. a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 3 e. 1, 2, and 3 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements ANSWER: d 11. Sugar is a compound that dissolves readily in water. Which method is best for separating a mixture of sugar and water? a. distillation b. light absorption c. electrolysis d. gas-liquid chromatography e. filtration ANSWER: a 12. Which method is best for removing the pulp from orange juice? a. distillation b. light absorption c. electrolysis d. gas-liquid chromatography e. filtration ANSWER: e 13. Which one of the following substances is classified as a chemical compound? a. He b. S8 c. Na d. NO e. N2 ANSWER: d 14. Which of the following is the smallest mass? a. 1.5 × 108 pg b. 1.5 × 106 ng c. 1.5 × 103 μg
d. 1.5 × 10–1 mg e. 1.5 × 10–5 g ANSWER: e 15. Which of the following is the largest volume? a. 5.0 × 102 cm3 b. 5.0 × 10–4 L
c. 5.0 × 103 mL d. 5.0 × 10–1 L
e. 5.0 × 105 μL Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements ANSWER: c 16. The radius of a potassium atom is 0.227 nm. What is the radius in millimeters? a. 2.27 × 10–9 mm b. 2.27 × 10–8 mm c. 2.27 × 10–7 mm d. 2.27 × 10–6 mm e. 2.27 × 10–4 mm ANSWER: c 17. Which method is correct for converting kelvin to Celsius? a.
b.
c. d. e. ANSWER: d 18. If the temperature of a beaker of water is 65.0°F, what is its temperature in Celsius? (Remember: water melts at 0°C and 32°F; water boils at 100°C and 212°F) a. 4.11°C b. 18.3°C c. 36.1°C d. 59.4°C e. 68.1°C ANSWER: b 19. If the outdoor temperature is 17.0°C, what is the temperature in Fahrenheit? (Remember: water melts at 0°C and 32°F; water boils at 100°C and 212°F) a. −1.40°F b. 30.6°F c. 41.4°F d. 62.6°F e. 74.6°F ANSWER: d Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements 20. The boiling point of ammonia is -33.3°C. What is this temperature in kelvin? a. -306.5 K b. -33.3 K c. 239.9 K d. 306.5 K e. 331.5 K ANSWER: c 21. Water freezes at 0.0°C. What temperature does this correspond to in kelvin? a. 173.2 K b. 200.2 K c. 273.2 K d. 300.2 K e. 373.2 K ANSWER: c 22. Many experiments are conducted at 298 K. What is this temperature in Celsius? a. 0°C b. 25°C c. 55°C d. 273°C e. 298°C ANSWER: b 23. The boiling point for liquid oxygen is 90.0 K. What is the boiling point in Fahrenheit? a. −361.4°F b. −329.4°F c. −297.8°F d. −183.0°F e. −151.0°F ANSWER: c 24. Express 0.00720 in exponential notation. a. 7.20 × 103 b. 7.2 × 10-3
c. 7.20 × 10–3 d. 7.2 × 103
e. 7.2000 × 10–3 ANSWER: c 25. Convert 8.900× 10 significant figures.
–8
meters to nanometers and express the answer in standard notation using the correct number of
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Chapter 01 - Matter and Measurements a. 89 nm b. 89.0 nm c. 89.00 nm d. 8.90 nm e. 0.8900 nm ANSWER: c 26. How many significant figures are in the following mass: 0.00047800 kg? a. 3 b. 5 c. 6 d. 8 e. 9 ANSWER: b 4
27. How many significant figures are in the following volume: 5.00 × 10 mL? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5 ANSWER: c 28. What is the correct answer to the following expression: (205.18 – 197.3) ÷ 6.226? Carry out the subtraction operation first. a. 1 b. 1.3 c. 1.27 d. 1.266 e. 1.2657 ANSWER: b 29. What is the correct answer to the expression below? −7 −9 1.472 × 10 + 4.32 × 10 = a. 2 × 10−7 b. 1.5 × 10−7
c. 1.52 × 10−7
d. 1.515 × 10−7
e. 1.5152 × 10−7 ANSWER: d 30. What is the correct answer to the following expression? Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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