Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Campbell Biology in Focus
Edition:
3rd Edition
Author(s):
Lisa A. Urry Michael L. Cain Steven A. Wasserman Peter V. Minorsky
Campbell Biology in Focus, 3e (Urry) Chapter 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) All of the organisms living in a particular ecosystem are collectively known as a(n) A) biological community. B) order. C) family. D) population. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 2) Many properties of living things involve the transfer and transformation of energy and matter. For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of energy or matter? A) the energy of motion B) carbon dioxide and water C) chemical energy D) oxygen E) kinetic energy Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 3) The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is A) light energy. B) kinetic energy. C) thermal energy. D) chemical energy. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
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4) All the living things on Earth along with all the places where life exists are collectively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: B Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 5) All the living organisms in a particular area along with all the nonliving aspects of the environment with which organisms interact are collectively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 6) All the individuals of a particular species living within the bounds of a specified area are collectively described by which of the following terms? A) a biological system B) a biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 7) Which of the following types of cells lack(s) a nucleus? A) animal B) plant C) archaea D) fungi Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
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8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance is an example of which approach utilized in the study of biology? A) systems biology B) emergent properties C) reductionism D) deductive reasoning Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 1 9) Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an ecosystem from entry to exit? A) heat → chemical → heat B) light → heat → chemical C) light → chemical → heat D) chemical → heat → light Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 10) Approximately what proportion of the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by burning fossil fuels remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trapping of heat close to Earth's surface? A) less than 1% B) 5% C) 50% D) 90% Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4, 5 11) Which of the following terms describes membrane-enclosed components of cells that carry out specialized functions? A) tissues B) organs C) organelles D) cells Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
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12) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large scale to smaller scale? A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → populations → organisms B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosystems → biosphere C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosystems → organisms D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communities → organisms Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 13) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified as prokaryotes? A) Bacteria and Eukarya B) Archaea and Eukarya C) Bacteria and Fungi D) Bacteria and Archaea Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 14) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following domains? A) Eukarya B) Archaea C) Animalia D) Plantae E) Fungi Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 15) Strong evidence in support of the common ancestry of all life comes from which of the following observations about living things? A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi B) the ability of plants to convert light energy to chemical energy C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all cells Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2 Global L.O.: G2 4 .
16) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modification" resulted when organisms of a particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess which of the following characteristics? A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local environment B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local environment Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 17) Which of the following statements describes an individual that is likely to be the most successful in an evolutionary sense? A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill B) an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces two offspring who live to reproduce Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 Global L.O.: G2 18) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by which of the following concepts or processes? A) an emergent property B) reductionism C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life D) natural selection Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2
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19) Which of the following statements describes Charles Darwin's most significant original contribution to understanding both the unity and the diversity of life? A) He documented examples of organisms that had evolved over time. B) He proposed a mechanism to explain the process of evolution. C) He explained the relationship between genes and evolution. D) He observed that individuals in a population generally displayed variation for a number of traits. E) He suggested that survival depends upon competition. Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 20) Which of the following statements is a distinguishing characteristic of fungi? A) obtaining nutrients by absorbing them from the environment B) obtaining nutrients by ingesting other organisms C) converting light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugars D) living in extreme environments like boiling hot springs Answer: A Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 21) The variation observed among the finches Darwin collected from the Galápagos Islands illustrate which of the following principles associated with the evolution of species? A) mutation frequency B) production of more offspring than can survive C) descent with modification D) the accuracy of the fossil record Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1
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