Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Biology Life on Earth with Physiology
Edition:
9th Edition
Author(s):
Gerald Audesirk Teresa Audesirk Bruce E. Byers
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 9e (Audesirk) Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) All of the following are scientific principles that underlie scientific inquiry EXCEPT: A) natural causality. B) uniformity in space and time. C) natural selection. D) common perception. Answer: C Diff: 1 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) An example of natural causality is: A) that mice arise from discarded garbage. B) that maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat. C) that epilepsy is a disease of the brain. D) the existence of elves. Answer: C Diff: 1 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 3) Science cannot answer certain moral questions because: A) scientists are not able to study human behavior. B) scientists cannot express moral values. C) moral values differ among individuals. D) morality requires deductive reasoning. E) there aren't enough variables. Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? A) They have been thoroughly tested. B) They are developed by inductive reasoning. C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning. D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations. E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted. Answer: E Diff: 1 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 1 ..
5) Which of these is NOT scientific? A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks. B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against the flu virus. C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development. D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce. E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces the most sales. Answer: D Diff: 3 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT: A) experimentation. B) a testable theory. C) an observation. D) a hypothesis E) conclusions. Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? A) I'm going to be late. B) I'm out of gas. C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery. D) I should change the battery or the starter. E) I should add a quart of oil. Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 8) A scientific theory: A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena. B) is an educated guess. C) is less reliable than a hypothesis. D) will never be changed. Answer: A Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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9) A scientific explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation is called a(n): A) theory. B) fact. C) control. D) hypothesis. E) observation. Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in accord with scientific principles is called a: A) hypothesis. B) theory. C) fact. D) control. E) postulate. Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 11) All the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT: A) hypothesis formulation. B) observation and experimentation. C) supernatural causes. D) inductive and deductive reasoning. E) formulation of conclusions. Answer: C Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond very well whereas 25% show no improvement or decline in health. You should: A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug. B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated. C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment. D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve. E) begin work on developing a new drug. Answer: C Diff: 3 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis
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13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. Which of the following was his hypothesis? A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow. B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria. C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold. D) The mold was dead. Answer: B Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this experiment? A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug D) 20 nonpregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline Answer: E Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? A) Matter is composed of atoms. B) Living things are made of cells. C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms. D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails. Answer: D Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 16) Which of the following is true regarding faith-based assertions and scientific theories? A) Both faith-based assertions and scientific theories can be proven. B) Any and all faith-based assertions can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot. C) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based assertions cannot. D) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based assertions are. E) Faith-based assertions can become scientific theories. Answer: C Diff: 1 Section: 1.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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