Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Biochemistry
Edition:
4th Edition
Author(s):
Christopher Mathews Kensal van Holde Dean Appling
TEST ITEM FILE Scott Lefler Arizona State University
Biochemistry Fourth Edition Christopher K. Mathews Oregon State University
K. E. van Holde Oregon State University
Dean R. Appling The University of Texas at Austin
Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill Western Washington University
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Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
Multiple Choice Questions 1)
The synthesis of which molecule is considered by many to be the root of biochemistry since it was the first synthesis of a biological molecule from non-biological precursors? A) B) C) D) E)
DNA urea glucose glycine adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Answer: B Difficulty: 1
2)
Topic: The Roots of Biochemistry
Prior to 1926, the source of biological catalysis was postulated to be possessed by “ferments” which today are called _______. A) B) C) D) E)
proteins nucleic acids enzymes polysaccharides membranes
Answer: C Difficulty: 1
3)
Topic: The Roots of Biochemistry
Originally, nucleic acids were thought to serve what role within a cell? A) B) C) D) E)
catalysts genetic structural buffer none of the above
Answer: C Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Roots of Biochemistry
1 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
4)
Which of the following organelles is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells A) B) C) D) E)
chloroplast Golgi apparatus mitochondrion smooth endoplasmic reticulum rough endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: A Difficulty: 1
5)
Topic: The Roots of Biochemistry
Which of the following elements is considered a second tier biochemical element meaning that it is less abundant than first tier elements but still required for life in all organisms? A) B) C) D) E)
H N P C O
Answer: C Difficulty: 1
6)
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
Which of the following is a polymer derived from glucose? A) B) C) D) E)
cellulose ribonucleic acid polypeptide deoxyribonucleic acid none of the above
Answer: A Difficulty: 1
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
2 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
7)
Which of the following macromolecules is considered a homopolymer? A) B) C) D) E)
polypeptides ribonucleic acids deoxyribonucleic acids starch all of the above
Answer: D Difficulty: 2
8)
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
Which of the following is a role played by proteins? A) B) C) D) E)
structural transport information signaling catalysts all of the above
Answer: E Difficulty: 2
9)
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
Of the following biomolecules, which is found only in a monomeric form as opposed to a polymeric form? A) B) C) D) E)
amino acids carbohydrates lipids nucleotides none of the above
Answer: C Difficulty: 1
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
3 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
10) What functional groups are found in the following molecule?
A) B) C) D) E)
amine, carboxylic acid and ketone amine, carboxylic acid and amide amine, aldehyde and amide amine, aldehyde and ketone none of the above
Answer: B Difficulty: 2
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
11) What functional groups are found in the following molecule?
A) B) C) D) E)
carboxylic acid, ether, amine and alcohol carboxylic acid, ester, amine and alcohol carboxylic acid, acetal, amine and alcohol carboxylic acid, ether, amide and alcohol carboxylic acid, hemiacetal, amine and alcohol
Answer: E Difficulty: 3
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
4 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
12) Of Koshland’s “pillars of life,” which deals specifically with the structure and function of DNA? A) B) C) D) E)
program compartmentation energy regeneration adaptability
Answer: A Difficulty: 2
Topic: Biochemistry as a Biological Science
13) Which of the following best describes homeostasis? A) B) C) D) E)
a non-equilibrium, non-steady state a non-equilibrium steady state an equilibrium-controlled, non-steady state an equilibrium-controlled steady state none of the above
Answer: B Difficulty: 2
Topic: Biochemistry as a Biological Science
14) Since the earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old, which of the following is true regarding life on this planet? A) life forms that arose 3.8 billion years ago were able to synthesize the building blocks of life from non-organic molecules B) the earliest organisms on this planet were anaerobic C) the oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere was originally trapped in ice and thus unavailable for living organisms D) all multi-cellular anaerobic organisms died out as oxygen became more plentiful E) none of the above Answer: B Difficulty: 2
Topic: Biochemistry as a Biological Science
5 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
15) While there are many ways to compare biochemical similarities in organisms, the molecular tree of life is based predominantly on similarities in what biological molecule? A) B) C) D) E)
DNA proteins ribosomal RNA transfer RNA lipids of cell membranes
Answer: C Difficulty: 1
Topic: Biochemistry as a Biological Science
16) The genetic information of viruses is contained within __________ . A) B) C) D) E)
DNA DNA or RNA specialized proteins with defined amino acid sequence specialized carbohydrates with defined sequence none of the above
Answer: B Difficulty: 1
Topic: Biochemistry as a Biological Science
6 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 1: The Scope of Biochemistry
Short Answer Questions 1) The molecule pyruvic acid is found at the crossroads of several biochemical pathways. Pyruvic acid is also known as 2-oxopropanoic acid. Based upon this name, draw the molecule.
Answer:
Difficulty: 2
Topic: Biochemistry as a Chemical Science
7 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 2: The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment
Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following represents the breaking of a noncovalent interaction? A) hydrolysis of an ester B) dissolving of salt crystals C) ionization of water D) decomposition of hydrogen peroxide E) none of the above Answer: B Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Nature of Noncovalent Interactions
2) Which of the following is the most likely noncovalent interaction observed between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol? A) charge-charge interaction B) charge-dipole interaction C) dipole-dipole interaction D) dipole-induced dipole interaction E) formation of an ester bond Answer: B Difficulty: 1
Topic: The Nature of Noncovalent Interactions
3) Which of the following atoms could interact through a hydrogen bond? A) the oxygen of a ketone and the hydrogen of an aldehyde B) the oxygen of methanol and a hydrogen on the methyl carbon of methanol C) the hydrogen of an amine and the oxygen of an alcohol D) the hydrogen on an aromatic ring and the oxygen of carbon dioxide E) none of the above Answer: C Difficulty: 2
Topic: The Nature of Noncovalent Interactions
1 .
Mathews, van Holde, Appling, and Anthony-Cahill, Biochemistry 4th edition Chapter 2: The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment
4) Which of the following would likely form micelles in an aqueous solution? A) hexane B) glucose C) glutamic acid D) dodecanoic acid E) none of the above Answer: D Difficulty: 2
Topic: The Role of Water in Biological Processes
5) Which of the following best explains the hydrogen bonding that occurs in water? A) the average number of H-bonds formed by one water molecule is the same in liquid and solid water, the only difference is the duration of the H-bond B) the number of H-bonds formed by one water molecule is greater in liquid water than in solid water C) the structure of liquid water is best described as flickering clusters of H-bonds due to the relative short duration of individual H-bonds D) each water molecule is capable of forming 8 H-bonds: 2 from each lone pair of electrons and 2 from each hydrogen E) none of the above Answer: C Difficulty: 2
Topic: The Role of Water in Biological Processes
6) Given the structure of a glucose molecule, which of the following explains the hydrogen bonding between glucose and water?
A) H-bonds will form with glucose always being the H-bond donor B) H-bonds will form with water always being the H-bond donor C) each glucose molecule could H-bond with as many as 17 water molecules D) due to the cyclic structure of glucose, H-bonding with water does not occur E) none of the above Answer: C Difficulty: 2
Topic: The Role of Water in Biological Processes 2 .