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CHAPTER IV
RULES
4.
5.
6.
FACTORIES
41F.
41G.
41H.
CHAPTER V
WELFARE
63.
CHAPTER VII
EMPLOYMENT OF YOUNG PERSONS
67.
69.
70.
CHAPTER IX
SPECIAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER X
PENALTIES AND PROCEDURE
92.
INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947
GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MACHINERY
22.
CHAPTER V
STRIKES AND LOCK-OUTS
25.
CHAPTER VA
LAY-OFF AND RETRENCHMENT
25A.
25G.
25-I. [Omitted by the Industrial Disputes (Amendment and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1956, w.e.f. 10-3-1957
25J. Effect of laws inconsistent with this Chapter
CHAPTER VB
SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING
25K.
25M.Prohibition of lay-off
25N. Conditions precedent to retrenchment of workmen
25-O.Procedure for closing down an undertaking
25P. Special provision as to restarting of undertakings closed down before commencement of the Industrial Disputes (Amendment) Act, 1976
25Q. Penalty for lay-off and retrenchment without previous permission
25R. Penalty for closure
25S. Certain provisions of Chapter VA to apply to an industrial establishment to which this Chapter applies
CHAPTER VC
UNFAIR LABOUR PRACTICES
25T. Prohibition of unfair labour practice
25U. Penalty for committing unfair labour practices
CHAPTER VI PENALTIES
26. Penalty for illegal strikes and lock-outs
27. Penalty for instigation, etc.
28. Penalty for giving financial aid to illegal strikes and lock-outs
29. Penalty for breach of settlement or award
30. Penalty for disclosing confidential information
30A. Penalty for closure without notice
31. Penalty for other offences
CHAPTER VII
32. Offence by companies, etc.
33. Conditions of service, etc., to remain unchanged under certain circumstances during pendency of proceedings
33A. Special provision for adjudication as to whether conditions of service, etc., changed during pendency of proceedings
33B. Power to transfer certain proceedings
33C. Recovery of money due from an employer
34. Cognizance of offences
INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT (STANDING ORDERS) ACT, 1946
5.
6.
MINIMUM WAGES ACT,
27.
28.
29.
30.
6.
PAYMENT OF WAGES ACT, 1936
18.
19. [Omitted by the Payment of Wages (Amendment)
TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926
15.
RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES OF REGISTERED TRADE UNIONS
1.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT OF WOMEN AT WORKPLACE (PREVENTION, PROHIBITION AND REDRESSAL) ACT, 2013
PRELIMINARY
4.
DUTIES
Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970
[37 OF 1970]1
An Act to regulate the employment of contract labour in certain establishments and to provide for its abolition in certain circumstances and for matters connected therewith.
BE it enacted by Parliament in the Twenty-first Year of the Republic of India as follows:—
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
Short title, extent, commencement and application.
1. (1) This Act may be called the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 19702
(2)It extends to the whole of India.
(3)It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification3 in the Official Gazette, appoint and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act.
(4)It applies—
(a)to every establishment in which twenty or more workmen are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months as contract labour;
(b)to every contractor who employs or who employed on any day of the preceding twelve months twenty or more workmen :
Provided that the appropriate Government may, after giving not less than two months’ notice of its intention so to do, by notification in the Official Gazette, apply the provisions of this Act to any establishment or contractor employing such number of workmen less than twenty as may be specified in the notification.
1. Dated 5-9-1970.
2. Repealed by the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020, with effect from 21-11-2025.
3. with effect from 10-2-1971, Vide Notification G.S.R. 190, dated 1-2-1971.
(5) (a) It shall not apply to establishments in which work only of an intermittent or casual nature is performed.
(b) If a question arises whether work performed in an establishment is of an intermittent or casual nature, the appropriate Government shall decide that question after consultation with the Central Board or, as the case may be, a State Board, and its decision shall be final.
Explanation.—For the purpose of this sub-section, work performed in an establishment shall not be deemed to be of an intermittent nature -
(i) if it was performed for more than one hundred and twenty days in the preceding twelve months, or
(ii) if it is of a seasonal character and is performed for more than sixty days in a year.
Definitions.
2. (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—
4[(a) “appropriate Government” means,—
(
i) in relation to an establishment in respect of which the appropriate Government under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947), is the Central Government, the Central Government;
(ii) in relation to any other establishment, the Government of the State in which that other establishment is situated;]
(b) a workman shall be deemed to be employed as “contract labour” in or in connection with the work of an establishment when he is hired in or in connection with such work by or through a contractor, with or without the knowledge of the principal employer;
(
c) “contractor”, in relation to an establishment, means a person who under takes to produce a given result for the establishment, other than a mere supply of goods or articles of manufacture to such establishment, through contract labour or who supplies contract labour for any work of the establishment and includes a sub-contractor;
(d) “controlled industry” means any industry the control of which by the Union has been declared by any Central Act to be expedient in the public interest;
4. Substituted by the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Amendment Act, 1986, w.r.e.f. 28-1-1986. Prior to its substitution, clause (a) read as under:
‘(a) “appropriate Government” means,—
(1) in relation to-
(i) any establishment pertaining to any industry carried on by or under the authority of the Central Government, or pertaining to any such controlled industry as may be specified in this behalf by the Central Government, or
(ii) any establishment of any railway. Cantonment Board, major port, mine or oil-field, or
(iii) any establishment of a banking or insurance company, the Central Government, (2) in relation to any other establishment, the Government of the State in which that other establishment is situated;’
(
(
e) “establishment” means—
(i) any office or department of the Government or a local authority, or
(ii) any place where any industry, trade, business, manufacture or occu pation is carried on;
(f) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(g) “principal employer” means—
(
i) in relation to any office or department of the Government or a local authority, the head of that office or department or such other officer as the Government or the local authority, as the case may be, may specify in this behalf,
(
ii) in a factory, the owner or occupier of the factory and where a person has been named as the manager of the factory under the Factories Act, 1948 (63 of 1948), the person so named,
(iii) in a mine, the owner or agent of the mine and where a person has been named as the manager of the mine, the person so named,
(iv) in any other establishment, any person responsible for the supervision and control of the establishment.
Explanation.—For the purpose of sub-clause (iii) of this clause, the expressions “mine”, “owner” and “agent” shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in clause (j), clause (l) and clause (c) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Mines Act, 1952 (35 of 1952);
h) “wages” shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (vi) of section 2 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (4 of 1936);
(i) “workman” means any person employed in or in connection with the work of any establishment to do any skilled, semi-skilled or un-skilled manual, supervisory, technical or clerical work for hire or reward, whether the terms of employment be express or implied but does not include any such person—
(A) who is employed mainly in a managerial or administrative capacity ; or
(B) who, being employed in a supervisory capacity draws wages exceeding five hundred rupees per mensem or exercises, either by the nature of the duties attached to the office or by reason of the powers vested in him, functions mainly of a managerial nature; or
(C) who is an out-worker, that is to say, a person to whom any articles and materials are given out by or on behalf of the principal employer to be made up, cleaned, washed, altered, ornamented, finished, re paired, adapted or otherwise processed for sale for the purposes of the trade or business of the principal employer and the process is to be carried out either in the home of the out-worker or in some other premises, not being premises under the control and management of the principal employer.
(2) Any reference in this Act to a law which is not in force in the State of Jammu and Kashmir shall, in relation to that State, be construed as a reference to the corresponding law, if any, in force in that State.
CHAPTER II
THE ADVISORY BOARDS
Central Advisory Board.
3. (1) The Central Government shall as soon as may be, constitute a board to be called the Central Advisory Contract Labour Board (hereinafter referred to as the Central Board) to advise the Central Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Act as may be referred to it and to carry out other functions assigned to it under this Act.
(2) The Central Board shall consist of—
(
a) a Chairman to be appointed by the Central Government;
(b) the Chief Labour Commissioner (Central), ex officio;
(c) such number of members, not exceeding seventeen but not less than eleven, as the Central Government may nominate to represent that Government, the Railways, the coal industry, the mining industry, the con tractors, the workmen and any other interests which, in the opinion of the Central Government, ought to be represented on the Central Board.
(3) The number of persons to be appointed as members from each of the categories specified in sub-section (2), the term of office and other conditions of service of, the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by, and the manner of filling vacancies among, the members of the Central Board shall be such as may be prescribed :
Provided that the number of members nominated to represent the workmen shall not be less than the number of members nominated to represent the principal employers and the contractors.
State Advisory Board.
4. (1) The State Government may constitute a board to be called the State Advisory Contract Labour Board (hereinafter referred to as the State Board) to advise the State Government on such matters arising out of the administration of this Act as may be referred to it and to carry out other functions assigned to it under this Act.
(2) The State Board shall consist of—
(
a) a Chairman to be appointed by the State Government;
(b) the Labour Commissioner, ex officio, or in his absence any other officer nominated by the State Government in that behalf;
(
c) such number of members, not exceeding eleven but not less than nine, as the State Government may nominate to represent that Government, the industry, the contractors, the workmen and any other interests which, in the opinion of the State Government, ought to be represented on the State Board.
(3) The number of persons to be appointed as members from each of the categories specified in sub-section (2), the term of office and other conditions of service of, the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by, and the manner of filling vacancies among, the members of the State Board shall be such as may be prescribed:
Provided that the number of members nominated to represent the workmen shall not be less than the number of members nominated to represent the principal employees and the contractors.
Power to constitute committees.
5. (1) The Central Board or the State Board, as the case may be, may constitute such committees and for such purpose or purposes as it may think fit.
(2) The committee constituted under sub-section (1) shall meet at such time and places and shall observe such rules of procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings as may be prescribed.
(3) The members of a committee shall be paid such fees and allowances for attending its meetings as may be prescribed :
Provided that no fees shall be payable to a member who is an officer of Government or of any corporation established by any law for the time being in force.
CHAPTER III
REGISTRATION OF ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING CONTRACT LABOUR
Appointment of registering officers.
6. The appropriate Government may, by an order notified in the Official Gazette—
(a) appoint such persons, being Gazetted Officers of Government, as it thinks fit to be registering officers for the purposes of this Chapter; and
(b) define the limits, within which a registering officer shall exercise the powers conferred on him by or under this Act.
Registration of certain establishments.
7. (1) Every principal employer of an establishment to which this Act applies shall, within such period as the appropriate Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, fix in this behalf with respect to establishments generally or with respect to any class of them, make an application to the registering officer in the prescribed manner for registration of the establishment:
Provided that the registering officer may entertain any such application for registration after expiry of the period fixed in this behalf if the registering officer is satisfied that the applicant was prevented by sufficient cause from making the application in time.
(2) If the application for registration is complete in all respects, the registering officer shall register the establishment and issue to the principal employer of the establishment a certificate of registration containing such particulars as may be prescribed.
Revocation of registration in certain cases.
8. If the registering officer is satisfied, either on a reference made to him in this behalf or otherwise, that the registration of any establishment has been obtained by mis-representation or suppression of any material fact, or that for any other reason the registration has become useless or ineffective and, there fore requires to be revoked, the registering officer may, after giving an opportunity to the principal employer of the establishment to be heard and with the previous approval of the appropriate Government, revoke the registration.
Effect of non-registration.
9. No principal employer of an establishment, to which this Act applies, shall -
(
a) in the case of an establishment required to be registered under section 7, but which has not been registered within the time fixed for the purpose under that section,
(
b) in the case of an establishment the registration in respect of which has been revoked under section 8, employ contract labour in the establishment after the expiry of the period referred to in clause (a) or after the revocation of registration referred to in clause (b), as the case may be.
Prohibition of employment of contract labour.
10. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the appropriate Government may, after consultation with the Central Board or, as the case may be, a State Board, prohibit, by notification in the Official Gazette, employment of contract labour in any process, operation or other work in any establishment.
(2) Before issuing any notification under sub-section (1) in relation to an establishment, the appropriate Government shall have regard to the conditions of work and benefits provided for the contract labour in that establishment and other relevant factors, such as -
(a) whether the process, operation or other work is incidental to, or necessary for the industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation that is carried on in the establishment;
(b) whether it is of perennial nature, that is to say, it is of sufficient duration having regard to the nature of industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation carried on in that establishment;
(c) whether it is done ordinarily through regular workmen in that establishment or an establishment similar thereto;
(d) whether it is sufficient to employ considerable number of whole-time workmen.
Explanation.—If a question arises whether any process or operation or other work is of perennial nature, the decision of the appropriate Government thereon shall be final.
Labour and Industrial Laws – Bare Act without Comments | AIBE
AUTHOR : Taxmann’s Editorial Board
PUBLISHER : Taxmann
DATE OF PUBLICATION : February 2026
EDITION : 2026 Edition
ISBN NO : 9789375615439
No. of Pages : 320
BINDING TYPE : Paperback
Rs. 265
DESCRIPTION
Labour and Industrial Laws [Bare Act without Comments] by Taxmann for the All India Bar Examination (AIBE) is a consolidated, examination-compliant statutory compilation that presents the core framework of India’s industrial and labour laws in a single authoritative volume. This Edition reproduces the exact, up-todate legislative text governing industrial relations, working conditions, occupational safety, wage regulation, dispute resolution, unfair labour practices, and employer–employee obligations. The publication preserves the original statutory structure—comprising chapters, sections, provisos, explanations, schedules, amendment insertions, substitutions, omissions, and repeal notes—without commentary, case-law references, summaries, or interpretation. Legislative transition references (including repeal annotations under the Labour Codes) are retained strictly as part of the enacted text to reflect the law in force.
The Present Publication is the 2026 Edition, covering the amended and updated text of the Labour and Industrial Laws, with the following noteworthy features:
• [Strict Bare Act Format – No Commentary] The book contains only the enacted statutory text
• [Comprehensive Industrial & Labour Law Coverage] Includes principal enactments forming the foundation of India’s labour regulatory framework
• [Updated Legislative Status Notes] Incorporates statutory amendment references and repeal notifications, ensuring legislative accuracy
• [Complete Chapters, Schedules & Penal Provisions] All Schedules, procedural provisions, jurisdictional tables, and penalty clauses included in full
• [Act-wise Segmentation for Easy Navigation] Each Act includes:
o Short Title
o Extent & Application
o Definitions
o Authorities under the Act
o Substantive provisions
o Penal chapters
o Miscellaneous and rule-making powers
o Schedules