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CHAPTER V
INPUT TAX CREDIT
Eligibility and condition for taking input tax credit.77
7816.79 (1) Every registered person shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed and in the manner specified in section 49, be entitled to take credit of input tax charged on any supply of goods or services or both to him which are used or intended to be used in the course or furtherance of his business and the said amount shall be credited to the electronic credit ledger of such person.
(2)Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, no registered person shall be entitled to the credit of any input tax in respect of any supply of goods or services or both to him unless,—
(a)he is in possession of a tax invoice or debit note issued by a supplier registered under this Act, or such other tax paying documents as may be prescribed;
80[( aa)the details of the invoice or debit note referred to in clause (a) has been furnished by the supplier in the statement of outward supplies and such details have been communicated to the recipient of such invoice or debit note in the manner specified under section 37;]
(b)he has received the goods or services or both.
81[Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause, it shall be deemed that the registered person has received the goods or, as the case may be, services—
(i)where the goods are delivered by the supplier to a recipient or any other person on the direction of such registered person, whether acting as an agent or otherwise, before or during movement of goods, either by way of transfer of documents of title to goods or otherwise;
77. See rules 36 and 37 of the CGST Rules, 2017.
78.Enforced with effect from 1-7-2017.
79.For notified rate of tax to be levied on specified first intra-State supplies of goods or services, see Notification No. 2/2019-Central Tax (Rate), dated 7-3-2019 and Notification No. 2/2019Union Territory Tax (Rate), dated 7-3-2019.
For notified classes of registered persons in whose case liability shall arise on specified date, see Notification No. 6/2019-Central Tax (Rate), dated 29-3-2019.
80.Inserted by the Finance Act, 2021, w.e.f. 1-1-2022.
81.Substituted by the Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018, w.e.f. 1-2-2019. Prior to its substitution, Explanation read as under :
“Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause, it shall be deemed that the registered person has received the goods where the goods are delivered by the supplier to a recipient or any other person on the direction of such registered person, whether acting as an agent or otherwise, before or during movement of goods, either by way of transfer of documents of title to goods or otherwise;”
(ii)where the services are provided by the supplier to any person on the direction of and on account of such registered person.]
82[(ba)the details of input tax credit in respect of the said supply communicated to such registered person under section 38 has not been restricted;]
(c)subject to the provisions of 83[section 41 84[***]], the tax charged in respect of such supply has been actually paid to the Government, either in cash or through utilisation of input tax credit admissible in respect of the said supply; and
(
d)he has furnished the return under section 39:
Provided that where the goods against an invoice are received in lots or instalments, the registered person shall be entitled to take credit upon receipt of the last lot or instalment:
Provided further that where a recipient fails to pay to the supplier of goods or services or both, other than the supplies on which tax is payable on reverse charge basis, the amount towards the value of supply along with tax payable thereon within a period of one hundred and eighty days from the date of issue of invoice by the supplier, an amount equal to the input tax credit availed by the recipient shall be 85[paid by him along with interest payable under section 50], in such manner as may be prescribed:
Provided also that the recipient shall be entitled to avail of the credit of input tax on payment made by him 86[to the supplier] of the amount towards the value of supply of goods or services or both along with tax payable thereon.
(3) Where the registered person has claimed depreciation on the tax component of the cost of capital goods and plant and machinery under the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961), the input tax credit on the said tax component shall not be allowed.
(4) A registered person shall not be entitled to take input tax credit in respect of any invoice or debit note for supply of goods or services or both after the 87[thirtieth day of November] following the end of financial year to which such invoice or 88[***] debit note pertains or furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier:
82.Inserted by the Finance Act, 2022, w.e.f. 1-10-2022.
83.Substituted for “section 41” by the Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018, with effect from a date yet to be notified.
84.Words “or section 43A” omitted by the Finance Act, 2022, w.e.f. 1-10-2022.
85.Substituted for “added to his output tax liability, along with interest thereon” by the Finance Act, 2023, w.e.f. 1-10-2023.
86.Inserted by the Finance Act, 2023, w.e.f. 1-10-2023.
87.Substituted for “due date of furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of September” by the Finance Act, 2022, w.e.f. 1-10-2022.
88.Words “invoice relating to such” omitted by the Finance Act, 2020, w.e.f. 1-1-2021.
89[Provided that the registered person shall be entitled to take input tax credit after the due date of furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of September, 2018 till the due date of furnishing of the return under the said section for the month of March, 2019 in respect of any invoice or invoice relating to such debit note for supply of goods or services or both made during the financial year 2017-18, the details of which have been uploaded by the supplier under sub-section (1) of section 37 till the due date for furnishing the details under sub-section (1) of said section for the month of March, 2019.]
89a[(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4), in respect of an invoice or debit note for supply of goods or services or both pertaining to the Financial Years 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21, the registered person shall be entitled to take input tax credit in any return under section 39 which is filed upto the thirtieth day of November, 2021.
(6) Where registration of a registered person is cancelled under section 29 and subsequently the cancellation of registration is revoked by any order, either under section 30 or pursuant to any order made by the Appellate Authority or the Appellate Tribunal or court and where availment of input tax credit in respect of an invoice or debit note was not restricted under sub-section (4) on the date of order of cancellation of registration, the said person shall be entitled to take the input tax credit in respect of such invoice or debit note for supply of goods or services or both, in a return under section 39,––
(i)filed upto thirtieth day of November following the financial year to which such invoice or debit note pertains or furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier; or
(ii)for the period from the date of cancellation of registration or the effective date of cancellation of registration, as the case may be, till the date of order of revocation of cancellation of registration, where such return is filed within thirty days from the date of order of revocation of cancellation of registration, whichever is later.]
Apportionment of credit and blocked credits.90
9117. (1) Where the goods or services or both are used by the registered person partly for the purpose of any business and partly for other purposes, the amount of credit shall be restricted to so much of the input tax as is attributable to the purposes of his business.
89.Inserted by the Central Goods and Services Tax (Second Removal of Difficulties) Order, 2018, w.e.f. 31-12-2018.
89a.Sub-sections (5) and (6) inserted by the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024, w.r.e.f. 1-7-2017. [However, Notification No. 17/2024-Central Tax, dated 27-9-2024 appoints 27-9-2024 as the date of enforcement].
90. See rules 38, 42 and 43 of the CGST Rules, 2017.
91.Enforced with effect from 1-7-2017.
S. 17 CENTRAL GOODS AND SERVICES TAX ACT, 2017 1.48
(2) Where the goods or services or both are used by the registered person partly for effecting taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies under this Act or under the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act and partly for effecting exempt supplies under the said Acts, the amount of credit shall be restricted to so much of the input tax as is attributable to the said taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies.
(3) The value of exempt supply under sub-section (2) shall be such as may be prescribed, and shall include supplies on which the recipient is liable to pay tax on reverse charge basis, transactions in securities, sale of land and, subject to clause (b) of paragraph 5 of Schedule II, sale of building.
92[Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression “value of exempt supply” shall not include the value of activities or transactions specified in Schedule III, 93[except,—
(i)the value of activities or transactions specified in paragraph 5 of the said Schedule; and
(ii)the value of such activities or transactions as may be prescribed in respect of clause (a) of paragraph 8 of the said Schedule.]]
(4) A banking company or a financial institution including a non-banking financial company, engaged in supplying services by way of accepting deposits, extending loans or advances shall have the option to either comply with the provisions of sub-section (2), or avail of, every month, an amount equal to fifty per cent of the eligible input tax credit on inputs, capital goods and input services in that month and the rest shall lapse:
Provided that the option once exercised shall not be withdrawn during the remaining part of the financial year:
Provided further that the restriction of fifty per cent shall not apply to the tax paid on supplies made by one registered person to another registered person having the same Permanent Account Number.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) of section 16 and sub-section (1) of section 18, input tax credit shall not be available in respect of the following, namely:—
94[( a)motor vehicles for transportation of persons having approved seating capacity of not more than thirteen persons (including the driver),
92.Inserted by the Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018, w.e.f. 1-2-2019.
93.Substituted for “except those specified in paragraph 5 of the said Schedule” by the Finance Act, 2023, w.e.f. 1-10-2023.
94.Clauses (a), (aa), (ab) and (b) substituted for clauses (a) and (b) by the Central Goods and Services Tax (Amendment) Act, 2018, w.e.f. 1-2-2019. Prior to their substitution, clauses (a) and (b) read as under :
“(a)motor vehicles and other conveyances except when they are used— (i)for making the following taxable supplies, namely:— (A)further supply of such vehicles or conveyances; or (Contd. on page 1.49)
except when they are used for making the following taxable supplies, namely:—
(A)further supply of such motor vehicles; or
(B)transportation of passengers; or
(C)imparting training on driving such motor vehicles;
(aa)vessels and aircraft except when they are used—
(i)for making the following taxable supplies, namely:—
(A)further supply of such vessels or aircraft; or
(B)transportation of passengers; or
(C)imparting training on navigating such vessels; or
(D)imparting training on flying such aircraft;
(ii)for transportation of goods;
(ab)services of general insurance, servicing, repair and maintenance in so far as they relate to motor vehicles, vessels or aircraft referred to in clause (a) or clause (aa):
Provided that the input tax credit in respect of such services shall be available—
(i)where the motor vehicles, vessels or aircraft referred to in clause (a) or clause (aa) are used for the purposes specified therein;
(ii)where received by a taxable person engaged—
(I)in the manufacture of such motor vehicles, vessels or aircraft; or
(Contd. from page 1.48)
(B)transportation of passengers; or
(C)imparting training on driving, flying, navigating such vehicles or conveyances;
(ii)for transportation of goods;
(b)the following supply of goods or services or both:—
(i)food and beverages, outdoor catering, beauty treatment, health services, cosmetic and plastic surgery except where an inward supply of goods or services or both of a particular category is used by a registered person for making an outward taxable supply of the same category of goods or services or both or as an element of a taxable composite or mixed supply;
(ii)membership of a club, health and fitness centre;
(iii)rent-a-cab, life insurance and health insurance except where—
(A)the Government notifies the services which are obligatory for an employer to provide to its employees under any law for the time being in force; or
(B)such inward supply of goods or services or both of a particular category is used by a registered person for making an outward taxable supply of the same category of goods or services or both or as part of a taxable composite or mixed supply; and
(iv)travel benefits extended to employees on vacation such as leave or home travel concession;”
S.17 CENTRAL GOODS AND SERVICES TAX ACT, 2017 1.50
(II )in the supply of general insurance services in respect of such motor vehicles, vessels or aircraft insured by him;
(b)the following supply of goods or services or both—
(i)food and beverages, outdoor catering, beauty treatment, health services, cosmetic and plastic surgery, leasing, renting or hiring of motor vehicles, vessels or aircraft referred to in clause (a) or clause (aa) except when used for the purposes specified therein, life insurance and health insurance:
Provided that the input tax credit in respect of such goods or services or both shall be available where an inward supply of such goods or services or both is used by a registered person for making an outward taxable supply of the same category of goods or services or both or as an element of a taxable composite or mixed supply;
(ii)membership of a club, health and fitness centre; and
(iii)travel benefits extended to employees on vacation such as leave or home travel concession:
Provided that the input tax credit in respect of such goods or services or both shall be available, where it is obligatory for an employer to provide the same to its employees under any law for the time being in force;]
(
c)works contract services when supplied for construction of an immovable property (other than plant and machinery) except where it is an input service for further supply of works contract service;
(d)goods or services or both received by a taxable person for construction of an immovable property (other than 94a[plant and machinery]) on his own account including when such goods or services or both are used in the course or furtherance of business.
Explanation 94b[1] —For the purposes of clauses (c) and (d), the expression “construction” includes re-construction, renovation, additions or alterations or repairs, to the extent of capitalisation, to the said immovable property.
94b[Explanation 2.—For the purposes of clause (d), it is hereby clarified that notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any judgment, decree or order of any court, tribunal, or other authority, any reference to “plant or machinery” shall be construed and shall always be deemed to have been construed as a reference to “plant and machinery”;]
(e)goods or services or both on which tax has been paid under section 10;
(f)goods or services or both received by a non-resident taxable person except on goods imported by him;
94a.Substituted for “plant or machinery” by the Finance Act, 2025, w.r.e.f. 1-7-2017 [However, Notification No. 16/2025-Central Tax appoints 1-10-2025 as the date of enforcement].
94b.Inserted by the Finance Act, 2025, w.e.f. 1-10-2025.