AMITY SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SECTOR 125, GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, NOIDA, UP
RESEARCH PAPER 2022
AUTOMATION IN INTERIOR DESIGN FOR THE ELDERLY
TANYA GURUNG
A2180319032
BACHELOR’S IN INTERIOR DESIGN (B.I.D) III YEAR, SEMESTER 6 (BATCH 2019- 23)
FACULTY GUIDE: AR. SANCHITA PRIYADARSHINI
INDUSTRY GUIDE: MS. AMRUSHA JAIN
AMITY SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SECTOR 125, GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, NOIDA, UP
Research Paper Title: Automation in Interior Design for The Elderly
The following study is hereby approved as a credible work on the approved subject, carried out and presented in a manner sufficiently to warrant its acceptance as a prerequisite to the degree for which it has been submitted.
It is to be informed that by this approval the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study for the purpose of which it is submitted by his/herself to meet the requirement laid down by the dissertation committee.
Date: 5th May, 2022
Submitted by: Tanya Gurung III Year, Semester 6
Roll number: A2180319032
Batch: 2019-23
MS AMRUSHA JAIN AR. SANCHITA PRIYADARSHINI (RESEARCH PAPER GUIDE) (RESEARCH PAPER CO-ORDINATOR)
EXTERNAL EXAMINER
AMITY SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SECTOR 125, GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, NOIDA, UP
I, Tanya Gurung, the author of the Research titled, “Automation in Interior Design for The Elderly” , hereby declare that this is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor’s degree in Interior Designing at Amity school of Design, Amity University, Noida. The work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any Degree/Diploma.
Name ofStudent: Tanya Gurung
Enrolment No: A2180319032
Date: 5th May, 2022
Place: Amity University, Noida
(Signatureof the student)
AMITY SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SECTOR 125, GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, NOIDA, UP
This document describes work undertaken as part of a program of study at the Amity School of Design, Amity University, Noida. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute. It is further declared that all the sources of information used in the Research report have been duly acknowledge.
Date- 5th May, 2022
Place- Amity University, Noida
(Signatureof the student)
AMITY SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SECTOR 125, GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, NOIDA, UP
This research paper has been an exceptional experience of learning regarding a subject that has engrossed me for a quite a long time. It has been a result of labour, help and support from a large number of people and I am extremely fortunate to have got this all along the completion of my research paper.
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide Ms.Amrusha Jain for her exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this research paper. The blessing, help and guidance given by her time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark.
I am highly obliged to our coordinator Ar.Sanchita Priyadarshini for giving me an opportunity and allowance to research on the topic of my choice and providing all support and guidance.
I would also like to express gratitude to my family and friends who discussed and questioned my ideas throughout the study, encouraged me and helped remove further with it.
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Need for Study
1.2 Aim
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Scope
1.5 User Description
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE OVERVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Automation
2.3 A1 and Machine Learning in Automation
2.4 Home Automation
2.5 How does Home Automation Work?
2.6 Levels of Home Automation
2.7 Role of Home Automation
2.8 Pros and Cons of Having Home Automation
2.9 Smart Home Products
2.10 Acquisition Costs for Smart Products Installation
2.11 Smart Homes and Quality of Life
2.12 User Overview; The Elderly
2.13 Problems Associated with The Elderly
2.14 Benefits of Home Automation to the Elderly
CHAPTER THREE: CASE STUDIES AND PRODUCTS
3.1 Case Study 1 Amplio Automation Headquarters
3.2 Case Study 2 Home Automation - Air Cloud Home™ App | Hitachi Air Conditioning
3.3 Automation Products for Interiors
CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY
REFERENCES
1. Chapter One:
“The last place we think will need us is our own home. We need it more than it should need us which is what makes it so relaxing. It doesn’t need anything from us when we leave it, and it is always there for us to come back to.”
Alexandra Deschamps-Sonsino.
People today not only want to live in a stylish residence but also want the latest technology offering them seamless services. Many factors impact functionality and your comfort level at home and being able to control these different factors improves your comfort and convenience. Hence, it makes sense to incorporate home automation into interior design as well.
Different systems in interior design such as the ones that regulate temperature control, security, lighting, etc. have great potential in being a part of every other homes. With this, huge changes can be expected to arrive in the field of interior design.
Elderly who has problems with locomotion difficulty can benefit from this smart home to totally operate, with high performance, all appliances and devices from anywhere in the house.
There are many ways automation can change your home design these days – it all depends on what system you want to implement. Having an intelligent home would mean integrating smart devices like lights and locks with your appliances so they can work together for your convenience.
It is important to recognize that these new technologies are not just about controlling devices from your phone or laptop, but also recognizing your behaviours and habits to change your environment accordingly.
The apartment buildings of the future will be more automated than ever. This simply means that we will need to adjust our skill set to work with the new designs and building materials that are coming into the market.
Designers will be able to use these tools for faster and more precise creations creating affordable and efficient homes without sacrificing quality or style.
Learn the usage of automation in interior design and incorporate the concept of Smart Homes, especially for the aid of the old aged.
▪ To introduce the concept of Smart Homes and Automation.
▪ Learning new technologies and trending automation services in interiors.
▪ Understanding the impact that Automation has on interior design industry.
▪ Analysing the feasibility and success of these technologies through case studies.
▪ Learning the user needs and challenges faced in everyday life and the benefit of smart homes for their problems.
▪ To check the design considerations and incorporating this automation for the users’ advantage.
By the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, interior design is becoming more spontaneous. Designers are now supported by modern technologies that can interpret our patterns of behaviour, preferences, emotions, moods, and movement –which creates a personalized experience for every user.
AI in designing homes and offices can help architects and designers to save time and create designs that are more optimized. Designers who are adopting the futuristic approach by using technology provide a new perspective on design processes for the interior spaces.
In the near future, a more comfortable and efficient life will be seen by using smart devices. Intelligent homes are those that are connected to your mobile device, enabling you to remotely control them from anywhere in the world. A modern home will have many such technologies such as control by voice commands, gestures, or by using a virtual assistant app on your mobile phones.
As infrastructures and cities become more and more automated, interior designers and architects need to learn how to design for a new era. With the rise of automation, we need designers with technical expertise who can design spaces that work with the systems of these new buildings.
Elderly people are an important and growing segment in the world population. The statistics show that the percentage of older people is continuously growing due to many reasons Some of them require assistance to meet important personal needs.
There is a need for environmental interventions that directly affect their physical, psychological, and emotional well-being to help them maintain or regain their independence and autonomy – all of which promote longevity
From an economic point of view, the cost of living at home with monitoring devices and intelligent appliances is less expensive and more beneficial than attending medical centres and being supervised by nurses.
The aim of this research is to propose interior spaces that permits elderly people with physical challenges, to command their desired devices without moving around to the nearest control point
Also, to understand potential opportunities and challenges related with interior design and “future homes” that may promote well-being and independent living in older adults
Automation is a term defined for technology applications where human input is minimized. This consists of business process automation (BPA), IT automation, personal applications such as home automation, etc
AUTOMATION:
Automation covers all the activities both mundane and business critical. Basic automation is programmed to perform a repetitive task to reduce human efforts.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: AI is programmed with rules and logic to mimic human decision making. It can be used to detect threats such as user behaviour changes or increased data transfers.
MACHINE LEARNING:
Machine learning uses data and experiences to ‚learn without additional programming. This offers sophisticated and well-versed insights with each new dataset
Home automation, also called the ‘Smart Home Technology’ gives you to control the functions of your home using the ‘Internet of Things’ You can automate your home giving control to multiple devices via remote control, sensors or voice command.
Thoughtful interior design is about style as well as functionality. After all, everybody has the desire to live in a gorgeous space that also is relaxing, and that feels like home to them.
In simpler words, smart homes are homes that have electronic devices and security systems controlled by the owner, either using a mobile phone or any other device. From switching on and off of your coffee makers, ventilation to heating, from security to air conditioning, everything will be in your control, with the help of smart technology. A single click of button and you can have the entire control of various devices.
When you install the smart home system into your home, all the electronic devices and smart home appliances, would be connected to a central hub called the “gateway”. And this gateway would now be controlled by a web interface like mobile phone software or computer screens.
There are various degrees and levels in any home automation system. The technology and the kind of control in home automation may vary too.
1. CENTRAL CONTROL OF HOME AUTOMATION
It is an automation system that controls most functions of the home centrally. A single point control for all functions of your home is the advantage for this system, however, the downside to this is the cost involved and the limitations it brings with syncing of selective devices only.
EXAMPLE: Home security, lights, air conditioners, washer, dryer etc. Can be made to one from one single source
2. APP BASED HOME AUTOMATION
It uses the network of your home to connect to each device and make it function. The smart device with a controlling app should be connected to the Wi-Fi and similarly the smart tool should also be connected to the Wi-Fi in order to function. This technology works on the principle of Internet of Things
The advantage of this system is that it is affordable. Perhaps, cloud-based connection and proximity for this system to function would be required at all times.
1. Monitoring: A level of home automation where one can remotely check on their homes through a device. Example: Live feed from the cameras installed in their home.
2. Control in an automated home is a level where one can control the devices remotely. Example switching on the air conditioner or zooming in the security camera.
3. Automation in a smart home means setting up a system where devices can trigger one-another. Example, a siren can go off, if there is breach in security detected by the smart cameras.
Home automation plays an important role in making homes smart, aids easy living for its residents and allows you to tap into high functionality and technology.
▪ CONVENIENCE is the major advantages that comes along with home automation. Managing devices through an application, turning on the lights with a voice command, all leads up to an easier life
▪ MAXIMISING SECURITY is one of the main roles that home automation has performed. From smart doorbells to security cameras, there are endless possibilities to getting a home secure and keeping an eye on it while away, in the smartest way
▪ ENERGY EFFICIENCY is an advantage not only for the clients but also for the planet. By sensing the temperature on the outside, devices adjust automatically to provide comfort and save energy as well when not in use.
▪ REMOTE CONTROL AND ACCESS- Remote connectivity feature provided by smart home automation, makes homes simpler, better, more accessible, and safer. Remote access has made things easier and also less time consuming.
▪ AI INTELLIGENCE- AI has become part of our lives and it helps get insights of the home, energy consumption and goes to the extent of helping with your grocery list based on previous consumption. In short it comprehends and performs tasks to ease our lives.
Home Automation has made homes smart. It has given comfort, convenience and peace of mind to many. As technology and innovation is developing further, home automation is getting better by the day.
❖ ADVANTAGES OF SMART HOMES
There are numerous advantages of installing home automation and smart homes. Some of the most common ones are enlisted below:
1. Easier to Lock and Unlock the Doors
Safe homes are the topmost priority any house. The risk of burglars and thieves breaking into your house is always there, despite of having numerous locks Having a smart home lowers this security risks by providing security alerts when something suspicious occurs. With the help of smart home devices such as smart security cameras, you will be able to lock the doors even when you’re not at home.
In the same way, if someone has arrived at your home and, you can open the door for him or her with the help of smart cameras & security password, when you haven’t yet arrived. Motion detectors in your doors, gates and garage can be opened through one click of a smartphone.
With smart home products, you can ensure that there is no waste of energy usage. The machines, devices and appliances can all be managed and turned off immediately after usage, when you have a smart home product. Controlling the lighting of your house also becomes easier with this. Since lighting wastes the maximum amount of energy, you can save a lot with the smart appliances. This is a great advantage of this facility.
When your devices and appliances need servicing for maintaining its performance, must be known in advance. In that case, smart home systems will notify you whenever you need to take care of the appliances.
It is very convenient with smart home automation systems to customize the appliances and smart devices in your home as per your needs. Increase or decrease the temperature of your heating system or air conditioner, turn the water heater on before you reach home or turn off everything while lying in the bed, all can be done with just a click on your mobile phone. These are completely different than the traditional homes.
With all these benefits, comes an important smart technology advantage, i.e., the ease of using this. Even if you aren’t a very tech savvy person, you can understand how these things work very easily
Just as advantages of home appliances, your smart home system also has some disadvantages. Before installing the smart home system to your house, you would want to know about the disadvantages as well. Some of them are as follows.
1. Cost
The biggest problem or disadvantage of a smart home system is the cost. Smart home systems are quite expensive and only a few can afford. It will be costly in the beginning but will be cost savings in future.
The basic requirement for smart home system is internet. Without a good and strong internet connection, you will not be able to take control of this. No internet connection means no other way through which you can access and control your system.
In case there is a problem with the smart home system, you will have to depend on the professionals. Only the company professionals can help you to handle the problems. This leads to high dependency on the professionals for its repairing services.
In the past decade, several smart home products have been launched in the market that you can definitely get for your homes. Below are some of the smart home products that can be operated remotely:
a) Smart security systems
b) Smart CCTV camera systems
c) Smart ceiling fans and LED bulbs
d) Smart air conditioners
e) Smart alarm systems
f) Smart refrigerators
g) Smart door and window locks
h) Smart Security Cameras
i)
▪ Smart Security Cameras
Security cameras have become extremely important in today’s time. CCTV cameras allow them to keep an eye on the house and the surroundings so that they can become aware of any suspicious activity or efforts of a forceful intrusion. With the benefits of smart homes camera systems, you will now be able to monitor those cameras from your phone only along with watching the live videos.
▪ Smart Security Systems
You can get different types of smart security systems in the market like.
• Keypad lock doors where the password needs to be entered either manually at the entrance or from your home.
• Voice recognition smart security systems where the doors will be unlocked only when the voice given as an input in the memory speaks.
• Motion sensor smart security systems recognize the motions made in front of the sensor. Usually, in such systems a set of motions are pre-installed in the system’s memory.
• Biometric scanners are also present in the smart home security systems where only the intended person’s biometric scans can open the doors.
Acquisition costs include every single expense that will be added to your budget list for transforming a normal home into a smart one. For example, let’s say you want to purchase smart CCTV cameras for your home. So, in this case, the total acquisition costs will include:
• Cost of the product or the market value
• Shipping charges
• Installation charges
• Extra charges if new structures need to be built prior to the installation
Installation of smart home systems can enhance the quality of lifestyle. You can control the electrical devices from your smartphone easily without having to actually move towards the appliance or the switches. Your house will be more protected, and you won’t have to worry about any intrusion
As AI technology is improving, the future smart homes will be the true definitions of automations. No need to depend on the electrical switches anymore to turn on the appliances or switch it off. In addition, the smart security systems will give you peace of mind and you won’t have to spend any more nights in fear of theft.
An older person or the ‘elderly’ is defined by the United Nations as a person who is over 60 years of age. We live in an ageing society where people are living longer and the balance of life is changing. For the first time there are more people aged over sixty than children under sixteen in many European countries. Most aged people can now look forward to many more years of healthy life after retirement than ever before. Our society is becoming more diverse. It expects more from public services.
In the beginning, an older person may notice that they cannot walk as far or stand for as long as usual. Older adults may feel less fit than they once were. It’s easy to mistake a lack of mobility for declining fitness levels at this stage.
Problems associated with aging can affect a person’s ability to move around, or mobility. Some of the problems in the elderly may include:
• UNSTEADINESS WHILE WALKING
• DIFFICULTY GETTING IN AND OUT OF A CHAIR
• MUSCLE WEAKNESS
• UNABLE TO HEAR SPEECH
• DWEAK EYESIGHT
• JOINT PROBLEMS
• FALLING
• DISEASE
• PAIN
• PICKING UP HEAVY LOAD
• NEUROLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES
Sometimes several mild problems combine and occur simultaneously, affecting mobility. It can also make the difference between living at home or in a facility
Falls are a major cause of injury and death, so prevention is important. Older bones break more easily, heal less quickly, and may not heal completely. If a hip is fractured, canes, walkers, or wheelchairs might be permanently needed. If the senior is afraid of falling, address it, or he or she may become afraid to move around.
• Identify fall hazards in the home and eliminate them. Pay special attention to safety equipping the bathroom and kitchen.
• Use rubber appliqués or mats, raised toilet seats, and handrails where necessary.
• Clear the home of clutter and loose rugs or wires.
• Good lighting is essential; use night-lights in bathrooms, hallways, and, if needed, the bedroom.
You can take advantage of home automation that will help your loved one live a more independent life - whether it’s at an assisted centre or in their own home. Here are some of the benefits of integrating home tech into your elderly loved one’s place of residence.
For seniors who are prone to falls or have limited mobility, this can greatly reduce the risk of injury with basic tasks. Certain home automation apps allow you to control the lights, blinds, and thermostat just by touching a screen. You can also install motion sensor lights so that your aging loved one doesn’t have to risk traveling to the bathroom or kitchen in the dark.
Comfort is as much of a priority as safety. As people age, they may feel chilly or cold more frequently due to a lowered metabolic rate. But a smart thermostat not only allows you to control your heating and air conditioning from your device; it can learn your schedule and preferences so that you no longer have to automatically adjust the temperature or even think about it. Certain models also come with occupancy sensors that tell the system to heat or cool occupied rooms perfect for a senior living in a large house.
Home invasion and financial scams are prevalent concerns for seniors living in their own houses. An automated home security system can help you keep an eye on who is coming and going, alert you of suspicious activity, and allow you to lock or unlock doors remotely. Some systems also alert you of smoke, carbon monoxide, or extreme temperatures.
If your loved one spends time alone at his or her home or apartment, you may find yourself plagued by worries about loneliness or depression. But by opening lines of communication beyond a cell phone, you can put your mind at ease. Wireless sensors can track daily routines and alert you when something changes for example, if your loved one is sedentary for longer than normal or is sleeping less. You can use apps to schedule reminders about medications or doctors’ appointments. With the right technology, some appointments can even be conducted remotely.
Additionally, voice command entertainment systems can help seniors stay up to date on news, weather, and programs that capture their interest.
For animal lovers, one of the challenges of aging is no longer being able to care for a beloved pet as easily. Thankfully, automated feeders, fountains, and doors can help elderly folks meet their pets’ needs when decreased mobility might ordinarily be a problem. Home tech can help you keep an eye on hired pet sitters, allow you to schedule reminders about pet care, and help protect pets from extreme temperatures and unwelcome guests.
▪ Increasing Independence Tech advances are changing seniors’ lives and the lives of their caregivers by allowing them to live more self-sufficiently, whether living on their own or in a senior living community. Don’t hesitate to contact a home automation expert if you feel out of your element; many of these functions can be integrated into a single app or program, and you don’t want to miss an opportunity to simplify for the sake of your aging loved one.
3.1 CASE STUDY 1 Amplio Automation Headquarters
MIXED USE ARCHITECTURE, INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE, OFFICE BUILDINGS, HUNGARY
Area: 1800 m²
Year: 2018
Manufacturers: Hoesch, ABUS Daruk, Alukönigstahl+Jüllichglass, Aluschlosser, CsomiépENTER, Daikin+Alba Nord, Krüllung, M+M, Mile, Rehau Hungary, Rockwool+Lambda System, Schuco, Verbau, Cera
Clients: Amplio
Function: Mixed use office and industrial building
Country: Hungary
Amplio is a company with an international clientele and builds custom electronic parts, primarily for the automobile industry; its headquarters is also a crucial meeting point for existing and potential business partners, and in that sense a building that could impress while still able to perform its functional tasks as an HQ, development lab and manufactory was
The architects designed a concept, in which first is achieved when a visitor arrives at the entrance and beneath the six-meter, cantilevered top floor that houses the main office area of the headquarters.
Large glass windows wrap around half of the building to allow the approaching viewer to see the activity within the office; as the ‘brain’ of the corporation, being able to witness the buzzing activity within emboldens Amplio’s brand appeal with energy and excitement.
Automation played a role in the functions of the building, too. If its interior is the organs, then the staff are the lifeblood, and so an Industry 4.0 attitude was adopted for the effective movement of Amplio’s workforce. A company that specializes in robotics and sensors needs to have an equally technological headquarters, after all.
All the technology used in the most advanced office buildings from around the world was incorporated here, from the cooling-heating system to the ventilation to the lighting. In harmony with the company profile, all of this work centrally automated with their own software, custom developed by Amplio. Shading, heat, and lighting have been coordinated to optimize energy use.
The access control system detects the human presence, and so the building knows exactly how many people are in each room and adjusts the lighting, ventilation, and heating accordingly. As soon as the last person leaves, the light switches off and the robotic vacuum cleaner starts. Even in the large, seamless office space, visual engineering and carpeting was handled to provide the right acoustic conditions.
Use: Remote control and operation of AC units
Applications: Air conditioning settings and timers
Characteristics: Remote operation via App, unlimited number of AC units, location-based operation, energy cost estimator
Format: Smartphone App
Air Cloud Home is a smartphone app that lets you operate Hitachi air conditioners from anywhere, connecting to the cloud via WiFi. The app provides access to an unlimited number of air conditioning units for up to 20 users.
Functions include air conditioning settings (temperature setting, fan speed, airflow direction), weekly timer, and simple timer. More advanced features are the smart fence enabling automatic AC operation based on the user’s location and the energy cost estimator.
In addition, Hitachi airCloud Home is compatible with Google Home and Amazon Echo smart speakers, enabling hand-free control of indoor comfort with voice command. airCloud Home is available with selected Hitachi air conditioner models. Availability varies per Hitachi air conditioner.
Certainly, sensors are an important element of overall safety at home, watching for and reporting break-ins, fire, and flooding. There are many more things sensors can do, though, to ensure personal safety and well-being of stay-at-home seniors. Sensors applied to doors can report when they have left the house and when they have returned. They can also monitor when the doors on medicine cabinets and the refrigerator open and close, so caregivers know if and when their loved ones have taken their medication or eaten.
Taking monitoring a step further, surveillance cameras provide visual and audible verification of activities in the home. Images and audio can be transmitted in real-time to a caregiver’s smartphone; should the caregiver need to respond to a situation, he or she can speak with their loved one through the camera’s built-in microphone. Wireless cameras can be positioned easily throughout a home, and smart intercoms located at the front door can enable seniors to see and speak with visitors directly from a tablet or phone before letting them in.
When mobility declines, having a way to manage a home without excessive effort is key to independent living. Smart lighting keypads can turn select fixtures on and off automatically at certain times of the day, for example, even activating hallway lights at a dim level to make nighttime trips to the bathroom or kitchen safer. When programmed appropriately, smart lighting can also serve as reminders, flashing the kitchen lights when it’s time to take medication or when the mail has been delivered, for example. Buttons on a smart lighting keypad can simplify routines, too. By pressing one button a user can launch a command that turns off every light before bed or activates them all when there’s a knock at the door, for example.
Smart thermostats, meanwhile, ensure the comfort of those who choose to age in place by maintaining preferred temperature settings throughout the day automatically no fiddling with buttons, dials, or knobs. If a loved one feels too warm or cold, they can adjust the settings directly from a smartphone or tablet.
When smart products are tied to a home control system that can be controlled by voice commands, aging in place becomes truly effortless. By speaking simple phrases, seniors can manage every aspect of their home environment lights, temperature, music, video, security, window shades, and more. Another benefit: caregivers can access the system remotely via an Internet connection to ensure the well-being of the house and senior. If the exterior lights are still on after midnight, for example, a caregiver can turn them off.
Aging in place in an environment that’s comfortable, convenient, safe, and easy to manage requires a home design that adapts to the special needs of occupants. Technology is well poised to provide the means to that end. From simple devices like sensors to comprehensive control systems, smart home solutions provide seniors with the tools for independent living.
1) LIGHTING SYSTEMS
2) To achieve optimal Fine Lighting effects, a choice of light sources and light fittings are used to create different combination of luminance for the ideal ambience. To manage the luminosity of various light sources, dimming systems are an essential part of the
design. There are 3 types of dimming controls in general, while each of them is suitable for different purpose and needs.
➢ A single dimmer is connected to a single light source to control its brightness for simple lighting control or to create simple ambience.
➢ The choice of the dimmer depends on its loading capacity, the type of light source, and its way of wiring. Incorrect combination results in unstable lighting, blinking or interference, and can cause damage to the light source and the dimmer.
➢ A suitable dimmer to ensure smooth and effective operation is suggested.
➢ Standalone dimming might not be able to fulfil the needs of the contemporary homes. Collective dimming makes use of one or more dimmers to control different light sources, making it possible to enhance the home environment by a multitude of lighting effects.
➢ Scene control systems are used for controlling different light sources simultaneously, allowing different combinations of light sources to be switched on or off to the pre-set brightness.
➢ Scene control systems are created for user- friendliness - you can call for your pre-set "home scene" at onetouch of a button.
➢ There are 2 types of scene control systems: the Retrofit that directly substitutes the existing 2-wire switches, offering scene control without rewiring; and the Interoperable that suits to situations where the wholehouse rewiring is done, providing more scene options and compatible with upgrades to home intelligence systems.
Buildings affect us psychologically and physically. Living with impairments can be even more psychologically debilitating when the environment hinders a person’s ability to function. Positive, psychologically healthy spaces are therefore, crucial to the well-being of the elderly, and have a number of features that distinguish them from others
Interior design for older adults provides many opportunities for future research and is translating both existing and new evidence into design to create optimal healing and living environments. Designers’ understanding of space, and human perceptions and experiences of that space along with its characteristics make them uniquely qualified to understand and apply design strategies that address the needs of older adults and their specific conditions. New approaches in interior design not only enhance the life of seniors but also promote their well-being and longevity. To achieve these goals, design practitioners need to adopt an integrated approach to human physical, psychological, and social health with relation to build environments. They must work together with health professionals and aging adults. With this knowledge and skill set, design professionals can play a significant role in an older adult’s medical, social, and environmental team.
Researchers have also found that although older adults experience difficulty with new technologies, they are eager to learn how to use them to enrich their lives and to be independent. Designers therefore, should not be afraid to consider technologies that will help older adults retain mastery over their environments. More research, however, is needed to understand patterns that reveal elements of design
that make a significant impact on well-being and longevity. This research data needs to become an integral part of design education and practice
▪ https://interiordesign.net/designwire/the-future-of-design-technology-automation-andhow-we-should-respond/
▪ https://legrand.co.in/smart-spaces/how-home-automation-has-changed-interior-designing/
▪ https://www.archdaily.com/934680/room-by-room-automation-is-changing-interiorarchitecture#:~:text=Interior%20lighting%20is%20a%20prime,enhancing%20occupant%20sa fety%20and%20convenience
▪ https://intotomorrow.com/3-ways-home-automation-has-changed-interior-design/
▪ https://www.mgsarchitecture.in/building-materials-products/lighting/791-current-trends-inhome-automation.html
▪ https://www.homelane.com/blog/smarter-interiors-for-smart-homes/
▪ https://www.ibm.com/topics/automation
▪ https://www.constructionworld.in/latest-construction-news/real-estatenews/interiors/role-of-home-automation-in-home-interiors/30308
▪ https://www.constructionworld.in/latest-construction-news/real-estatenews/interiors/role-of-home-automation-in-home-interiors/30308
▪ https://www.control4.com/blog/498/smart-home-technology-allows-seniors-to-age-inplace/