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Wetland Assessment and Impact Report Plan 182-1685 Block 1 Lot 1 in Sturgeon County, AB

Prepared for: Ed Basaraba Pinnacorp Investments Inc. 08 February 2023

Prepared by: Aquality Environmental Consulting Ltd. #204, 7205 Roper Road NW Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6B 3J4

DESKTOP BIOPHYSICAL ASSESSMENT PLAN 182-1685 BLOCK 1 LOT 1 IN STURGEON COUNTY, AB

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Contents Table of Contents Contents ............................................................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 1 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ 1 List of Tables.............................................................................................................................................. 2

General Information ....................................................................................................... 3 1.1 1.2 1.3

2 3 4

General Site Conditions and Environmental Setting..................................................................... 3 Topography and Hydrology........................................................................................................... 5 Soils and Geology .......................................................................................................................... 7

Wetland Identification and Delineation Reporting Requirements .................................... 7 Relative Wetland Value ................................................................................................ 11 Species Surveys Reporting Requirements ...................................................................... 12 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Fisheries and Wildlife Management Information System .......................................................... 12 Alberta Conservation Information Management System ........................................................... 12 Landscape Analysis Tool.............................................................................................................. 13 Other Database Search Results ................................................................................................... 13

5 Impacts to Wetlands ..................................................................................................... 14 6 Mitigation Proposal ...................................................................................................... 16 7 References ................................................................................................................... 17 Appendix A Historical Imagery ........................................................................................ 19 Appendix B Site Photographs ......................................................................................... 28 Appendix C FWMIS Search Results ................................................................................. 30 Appendix D ACIMS Search Results .................................................................................. 34 Appendix E LAT Search Results ....................................................................................... 36

List of Figures Figure 1. Project area overview .................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 2. Topography and hydrology. ........................................................................................................... 6 Figure 3. Delineated wetland boundaries..................................................................................................... 9 Figure 4. Annual precipitation interpolated to Township 054 Range 25 W4M (Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 2023). Years of aerial photographs selected denoted by red. .................................................... 10 Figure 5. Wetland impacts resulting from the proposed development. .................................................... 15 Figure 6. Wetland boundaries on 2020 historical imagery. ........................................................................ 20 Figure 7. Wetland boundaries on 2011 historical imagery. ........................................................................ 21 Figure 8. Wetland boundaries on 2005 historical imagery. ........................................................................ 22 Figure 9. Wetland boundaries on 1992 historical imagery. ........................................................................ 23 Figure 10. Wetland boundaries on 1982 historical imagery. ...................................................................... 24 Figure 11. Wetland boundaries on 1974 historical imagery. ...................................................................... 25 Figure 12. Wetland boundaries on 1962 historical imagery. ...................................................................... 26 Figure 13. Wetland boundaries on 1950 imagery. ..................................................................................... 27

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List of Tables Table 1. Documentation of aerial imagery sources used to identify and delineate the wetland boundary, and assessment of permanence and crown-claimability. .......................................................................... 10 Table 2. ABWRET-A results for the subject wetland (Government of Alberta, 2015). ............................... 11 Table 3. Species from FWMIS identified within a 5-kilometre radius of the centre of the project area. .. 12 Table 4. Impacts to wetlands from the proposed development. ............................................................... 14

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1 General Information Name and professional designation of the individual(s) who conducted the Wetland Assessment and Impact Report (WAIR): Joshua Haag Name and professional designation of the individual(s) who authenticated the WAIR: Joshua Haag Name of company: Aquality Environmental Consulting Ltd. Date(s) of assessment: 23 July 2021

1.1

General Site Conditions and Environmental Setting

The project area consists of approximately 13.9 ha and is identified as Plan 182-1685 Block 1 Lot 1 within portions of NW 25-054-25 W4 and NE 26-054-25 W4 in Sturgeon County, Alberta. The subject property is proposed for development as a residential subdivision. The subject property is located within the Central Parkland natural subregion (Natural Regions Committee, 2006). This subregion is predominantly cultivated but features remnant mosaic aspen woodland and prairie grassland vegetation. The project area itself is under agricultural cultivation and has been so at least as far back as 1950 (Appendix A), so no information on the pre-disturbance character of vegetation area is available. The project area is presently under agricultural development. To the north and the east it is bounded by agricultural lands, and to the south and west it is bounded by residential developments, separated by paved roadways. An unpaved access grade separates the parcel from that to the north and provides some interruption to drainage from the north, but no natural or naturalized vegetation exists along the access road right of way.

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Figure 1. Project area overview

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1.2

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Topography and Hydrology

The project area is located within the Sturgeon River watershed (Hydrologic Unit Code [HUC] 8 11020301) in the North Saskatchewan River Basin (Alberta Environment and Parks, 2017). The area is located on a rise with natural drainage to the west via a road ditch and to the south towards the Sturgeon River (Waterbody ID [WBID] 2236) via overland flow towards an unnamed recurrent watercourse (WBID 427001). The mapped terminus of this unnamed watercourse lies approximately 110 m to the south of the project area. Hydrological connectivity from the project area to the south across TWP RD 544A is maintained by at least two culvert crossings within ditches along the south property line. Drainage outside of the property boundaries has been heavily modified by the presence of road grades and residential development.

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Figure 2. Topography and hydrology.

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1.3

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Soils and Geology

Underlying surficial geology consists of Pleistocene-epoch glaciolacustrine deposits, primarily consisting of silt and clay with a flat to gently undulating surface (Alberta Energy Regulator, 2018). The overlying soils reflect the parent materials, consisting of eluviated Black Chernozems on fine textured water-laid sediments (Government of Alberta, 2023). The entire subject parcel is under agricultural development, with tillage of the upper soil layers to depths of approximately 25 cm.

2 Wetland Identification and Delineation Reporting Requirements The wetlands were preliminarily delineated and identified through “Pathway 2 – Comprehensive Desktop Delineation”, from the Alberta Wetland Identification and Delineation Directive (Alberta Environment and Parks [AEP] 2015). Pathway #3 – Simple Desktop Delineation with Field Verification from the Alberta Wetland Identification and Delineation Directive was used to delineate the wetlands expected to be impacted by the development (Government of Alberta, 2015). Wetland boundaries were determined using a combination of historical aerial imagery, and a 2-m digital elevation model (LiDAR), with historical imagery interpreted against annual precipitation records. A summary of the imagery used in the desktop delineation is presented in Table 1, precipitation records in Figure 4, and the aerial imagery used in the identification and delineation of wetland habitats is available in Appendix A. One wetland was identified within the subject property, with a total wetland area of 1.4173 ha (Figure 3). It appears to have historically formed part of a larger basin but has been hydrologically isolated under ordinary water conditions due to being bisected by the access road grade prior to 1950, with limited evidence of connectivity only returning during especially high-water conditions (e.g., observed in 2005). The wetland was classified as temporary graminoid marsh (MGii) based primarily on aerial imagery under the Alberta Wetland Classification System (Government of Alberta, 2015), augmented by observations of inundation and the depth to hydric soil features in the field assessment. The wetland appeared to have some shrubby areas in imagery from 1974 and 1982, and was subject to partial infilling between 1982 and 1992, so it is likely that it was historically either a shrubby swamp or a graminoid marsh with shrubby swamp secondary habitats (Appendix A). However, an exact classification of the pre-disturbance condition of the wetland was not determinable due to the disturbance of the landscape for agricultural development prior to the earliest available imagery. During the field assessment the entire parcel including the wetland was under agricultural development and devoid of intact wetland vegetation signatures (Appendix B), with only limited intact soil indicators including cracked soil surface and gleiing/mottling observed at depths of approximately 25 cm under the tilled surface.

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The wetland exhibited open water signatures in two out of eight observation periods, but only during the spring and never in the summer or fall. Therefore, it does not exhibit sufficient inundation to be subject to a claim of ownership under the Public Lands Act (Alberta Environment and Parks, 2016).

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Figure 3. Delineated wetland boundaries.

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Table 1. Documentation of aerial imagery sources used to identify and delineate the wetland boundary, and assessment of permanence and crown-claimability. ID Photo Date Photo ID Season Precip. 1 Veg. Sig.2 Perm. W01 2020-06-01 Esri World Imagery Maxar Summer N/A DVI N W01 2011-05-09 G1105012-158 Spring N DV N W01 2005-04-19 ED20053-177 Spring W W N W01 1992-07-27 AS4347-148 Summer W-N DV N W01 1982-08-26 AS2650-163 Summer D DV N W01 1974-08-16 AS1353-067 Summer D W N W01 1962-05-18 AS0817-116 Spring W DV N W01 1950-09-11 AS0132-047 Fall W-N DV N 1 W=Wetter (>75th percentile); W-N = Wetter to Normal (75th to 50th percentile); N=Normal (~50th percentile), D-N=Drier to Normal (50th to 25th percentile); D=Drier (<25th percentile) 2 Vegetation Significance: W=water; DV=dry, vegetated, obvious wetland indicators; DVI=dry, vegetated, indistinct or no wetland indicators

Figure 4. Annual precipitation interpolated to Township 054 Range 25 W4M (Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 2023). Years of aerial photographs selected denoted by red.

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3 Relative Wetland Value Relative wetland value was determined to be “D” for the wetland (Table 2). Table 2. ABWRET-A results for the subject wetland (Government of Alberta, 2015). Function (ABWRET-A Raw Score) Surface Water Storage (WS) Stream Flow Support (SFS) Streamwater Cooling (WC) Sediment & Toxicant Retention & Stabilization (SR) Phosphorus Retention (PR) Nitrate Removal & Retention (NR) Organic Nutrient Export (OE) Fish Habitat (FH) Aquatic Invertebrate Habitat (INV) Amphibian Habitat (AM) Waterbird Habitat (WB) Songbird, Raptor, & Mammal Habitat (SBM) Pollinator & Native Plant Habitat (PH) Human Use & Recognition (HU) Function (ABWRET-A Normalized Score) Surface Water Storage (WS) Stream Flow Support (SFS) Streamwater Cooling (WC) Sediment & Toxicant Retention & Stabilization (SR) Phosphorus Retention (PR) Nitrate Removal & Retention (NR) Organic Nutrient Export (OE) Fish Habitat (FH) Aquatic Invertebrate Habitat (INV) Amphibian Habitat (AM) Waterbird Habitat (WB) Songbird, Raptor, & Mammal Habitat (SBM) Pollinator & Native Plant Habitat (PH) Human Use & Recognition (HU) Normalized Score (ABWRET_A) Based on Wetlands in RWVAU Normalized Hydrological Health (HH) Normalized Water Quality (WQ) Normalized Ecological Health (EH) Normalized Human Use (HU) RWVAU # Normalized Value Score (ABWRET_a) Value Category (a, b, c, d) Abundance Factor Final Score(A, B, C, D)

Wetland 01 3.56 2.94 2.15 4.10 3.58 4.67 3.16 0.00 4.84 2.64 4.43 2.80 2.29 1.16 1 0.39 0.48 0.31 0.24 0.22 0.17 0.49 0.00 0.47 0.33 0.31 0.23 0.10 0.02 1 0.48 0.49 0.47 0.02 1 0.43 d 0 D

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4 Species Surveys Reporting Requirements 4.1

Fisheries and Wildlife Management Information System

Searches of the Fisheries and Wildlife Management Information System (FWMIS) database were conducted with radii of 2-kilometres and 5-kilometres from the center of the project area (Appendix C) (Alberta Environment and Parks, 2023). Brook Stickleback were the only wildlife species identified within the 2-kilometre search, but the 5-kilometre search identified nine species (Table 3). All the bird and mammal species listed are associated with either mature or open forest areas, or intact wetland areas; the amphibian species are associated with intact wetland areas and associated upland habitats. Two fish species, Brook Stickleback and Goldfish, were identified from the Sturgeon River within the 5kilometre search radius. Brook Stickleback are a native species with secure conservation status, while Goldfish are an invasive species. Neither are associated with the wetland habitat types within the project area. Table 3. Species from FWMIS identified within a 5-kilometre radius of the centre of the project area. Common Name Scientific Name Provincial Status1 National Status2 Brook Stickleback Culaea inconstans Secure Not Listed Goldfish Carassius auratus Not Listed (invasive) Not Listed (invasive) Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Sensitive Not Listed Boreal Toad Anaxyrus boreas boreas Sensitive3 Special Concern3 Canadian Toad Anaxyrus hemiophrys May Be at Risk Not Listed Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe Sensitive Not Listed Little Brown Bat Myotis lucifugus May Be at Risk Endangered Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus Sensitive Not Listed Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Sensitive Not Listed 1 – from (Alberta Environment and Parks, 2021) 2 – from (Government of Canada, 2021) 3 - based on Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas) rather than Boreal Toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas subspecies)

4.2

Alberta Conservation Information Management System

Searches of the Alberta Conservation Information Management System (ACIMS) database were conducted for the entire township containing the project area (Appendix D) (Alberta Conservation Information Management System, 2021). These searches revealed the presence of a rare plant species, flat-topped white aster (Doellingeria umbellata var. pubscens), within 14-054-25 W4. This species has a conservation status of S3 (indicating 100 or fewer recorded occurrences). No occurrences were recorded within either of the sections containing the project area. This species is not expected to have a high probably of occurring within the project area based on habitat preferences for undisturbed wetland and riparian areas, and no occurrences were observed in the field. Searches also identified the presence of a protected area (Riverlot 56) within the township, but this is not expected to have any bearing or impacts on the proposed development, as it is only within the

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100 m proximity buffer in the search for the entire township, but not within the individual sections containing the project area.

4.3

Landscape Analysis Tool

A search conducted using the Landscape Analysis Tool (LAT) was conducted for the project area (Government of Alberta, 2023) (Appendix E). No historic resources were identified within the project area. The area is within the Sensitive Raptor Range, Sharp-Tailed Grouse Survey Range, and Grassland and Parkland Natural Region. These sensitivities require that wildlife surveys be conducted prior to disturbance to ensure avoidance of sensitive species and that adequate setbacks or buffers are established from the active habitat of any sensitive species.

4.4

Other Database Search Results

The Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) maintains a series of monitoring sites for a wide array of species including both plant and wildlife species across the province (Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute, 2021). The nearest ABMI site is located more than 4.5 km from the project area. However, the vascular plant species assemblage present at that site does not appear to be representative of conditions within the project area (based on aerial photograph interpretation), and so further findings are not presented here. No water wells were reported within the project area in the Alberta Water Well Information Database. However, four wells were identified within 0.5 km of the project area boundary (Government of Alberta, 2023). Only two had information about static water levels (GIC Well IDs 261444 and 1495367), ranging from 20.5 m to 27.8 m (67.52 to 98 ft). The property includes one abandoned crude oil well (Licence Number 0030923) located approximately 200 m from the eastern property line (Alberta Energy Regulator, 2021). No Important Bird Areas (IBA) overlap the project area; the closest IBA is located at Big Lake approximately 10 km to the southwest (BirdLife International, 2021).

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5 Impacts to Wetlands The proposed development will result in the complete loss of the wetland due to grading and residential development (Table 4, Figure 5), resulting in the net loss of 1.4173 ha of wetland area. In its current state, the wetland provides limited function, having been subject to partial infilling historically, and is currently under agricultural production. The project will not result in the loss of natural wildlife biodiversity or habitat due to wetland loss. Soils and vegetation within the wetland have already been heavily disturbed, so no losses of associated wetland functions are expected. Negative impacts to water quality and quantity are not expected. The proposed development includes a stormwater management facility with a design capacity and release quality equal to or better than current conditions. Under current conditions, excess runoff from the property and the wetland are expected to be high in nutrients and potentially herbicides and/or pesticides due to the agricultural landscape. The stormwater management facility is expected to improve the quality of water released from the subject property with increased retention and reduced loadings due to conversion from agriculture to residential development, and may result in a minor net positive effect on the ultimate downstream receiving watercourse. No adverse effects to humans, including First Nations, public health and safety, and human use are expected to result from the loss of wetland functions, due to the current disturbed state of the wetland and current use of the property for agricultural production. The wetland is within an area of increasing development which has resulted in high levels of historical wetland loss. However, the subject wetland has already been heavily impacted and its loss is not expected to contribute to the cumulative loss of wetland function within the region.

Table 4. Impacts to wetlands from the proposed development. Wetland Class

Total Area

Temporary

(ha) 1.4173

MGii

Permanent

Wetland

Compensation

Impacts (ha) Wetland Loss (ha)

Value

Ratio

1:1

1.4173

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Figure 5. Wetland impacts resulting from the proposed development.

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6 Mitigation Proposal Due to geometric constraints of the site, the wetland cannot be avoided by the proposed development. The proposed mitigation for wetland loss is in-lieu fee compensation. The project area is located within Relative Wetland Value Assessment Unit 1, with a baseline compensation cost for lost wetland area of $19,100 for the lowest value (“D” value) wetlands (Government of Alberta, 2018). The compensation cost for this wetland is therefore 1.4173 ha x $19,100 = $27,071.10. To mitigate against potential offsite impacts due to the loss of the wetland, a stormwater management facility has been designed to provide equal or better storage and release water quality compared to the existing wetland. During construction of the subdivision, best management practices will be employed to prevent erosion and sedimentation into downstream waterbodies. Wildlife surveys will be required prior to conducting any construction activity on site. No other potential impacts due to the loss of the wetland are anticipated or require mitigation.

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7 References Alberta Agriculture and Forestry. (2023). Interpolated Weather Data Since for Alberta Townships. Retrieved from Alberta Climate Information Service: https://agriculture.alberta.ca/acis/township-data-viewer.jsp Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute. (2021). Species occurrence data. Retrieved from https://abmi.ca/home/data-analytics/da-top/da-product-overview/Species-Habitat-Data.html Alberta Conservation Information Management System. (2021). ACIMS Internet mapping framework. Retrieved from Alberta Environment and Parks: http://www.albertaparks.ca/acims-data# Alberta Energy Regulator. (2018). Surficial Geology of Alberta, Generalized Digital Mosaic. Edmonton, AB. Alberta Energy Regulator. (2021). Abandoned Well Map Viewer. Retrieved from https://extmapviewer.aer.ca/AERAbandonedWells/Index.html Alberta Environment and Parks. (2016). Guide for Assessing Permanence of Wetland Basins. Edmonton AB: Land Policy Branch, Policy and Planning Division, Government of Alberta. Alberta Environment and Parks. (2017). Hydrologic Unit Code Watersheds of Alberta. Retrieved from https://maps.alberta.ca/genesis/rest/services/Hydrologic_Unit_Code_Watersheds_ of_ Alberta/ Alberta Environment and Parks. (2021). Wild Species Status Search. Retrieved from https://extranet.gov.ab.ca/env/wild-species-status/default.aspx Alberta Environment and Parks. (2023). FWMIS (Fisheries and Wildlife Management Information System). Retrieved from Alberta Environment and Parks: http://aep.alberta.ca/fishwildlife/fwmis/access-fwmis-data.aspx BirdLife International. (2021). Canadian Important Bird Areas. Retrieved from https://www.ibacanada.com/explore.jsp?lang=EN Government of Alberta. (2015). Alberta Wetland Classification System. Edmonton AB: Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development (ESRD), Water Policy Branch, Policy and Planning Division. Government of Alberta. (2015). Alberta Wetland Identification and Delineation Directive. Edmonton, Alberta: Alberta Environment and Parks, Government of Alberta. Government of Alberta. (2015). Alberta Wetland Rapid Evaluation Tool - Actual (ABWRET-A) Manual. Edmonton, AB: Water Policy Branch, Alberta Environment and Parks. Government of Alberta. (2018). Alberta Wetland Mitigation Directive. Edmonton AB: Alberta Environment and Parks, Water Policy Branch.

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Government of Alberta. (2023). Alberta Soil Information Viewer - AGRASID. Retrieved from https://soil.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrasidviewer/ Government of Alberta. (2023). Alberta Water Well Information Database. Alberta, Canada. Government of Alberta. (2023). Landscape Analysis Tool. Retrieved from https://maps.alberta.ca/LAT/Viewer/?Viewer=LAT Government of Canada. (2021). Species at risk public registry - species search. Retrieved from https://species-registry.canada.ca/index-en.html Natural Regions Committee. (2006). Natural Regions and Subregions of Alberta. Edmonton AB: Compiled by D.J. Downing and W.W. Pettapiece, Government of Alberta.

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Appendix A Historical Imagery

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Figure 6. Wetland boundaries on 2020 historical imagery.

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Figure 7. Wetland boundaries on 2011 historical imagery.

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Figure 8. Wetland boundaries on 2005 historical imagery.

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Figure 9. Wetland boundaries on 1992 historical imagery.

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Figure 10. Wetland boundaries on 1982 historical imagery.

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Figure 11. Wetland boundaries on 1974 historical imagery.

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Figure 12. Wetland boundaries on 1962 historical imagery.

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Figure 13. Wetland boundaries on 1950 imagery.

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Appendix B Site Photographs

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Photo 1. View east across central basin from near to the outlet at the road.

Photo 2.View north across the transition from wetland to upland habitat from within the central basin of the wetland.

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Appendix C FWMIS Search Results

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Appendix D ACIMS Search Results

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Appendix E LAT Search Results

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