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TEST BANK TEST BANK

TEST BANK for Emergency Medical Responder First on Scene 12th Edition by Chris Le Baudour, Kaitlyn Laurelle, Keith Wesley Chapter 1-27 Chapter 1-27

Chapter 1

Introduction to EMS Systems

1) What term/phrase is used when referring to the chain of human resources and emergency services linked together to provide continuous emergency care from the scene to the medical facility? A) EMT resources B) 911 services C) EMS system D) Emergency services Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-5 Objective: 1 2) The Medical Director is a physician who assumes the ultimate responsibility for: A) standards, protocols, and evaluation of patient care. B) certification and licensure of EMRs. C) staffing decisions and hiring. D) answering and dispatching 911 calls. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6 Objective: 1 3) You have received an order over the phone from the Medical Director to administer oxygen to the patient. This would be called: A) off-line medical direction. B) on-line medical direction. C) hospital direction. D) EMS coordinator direction. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 Objective: 12 4) The procedures that an Emergency Medical Responder can and must legally provide as care for a patient are called: A) scope of practice. B) scope of training. C) standard of care. D) standard of training. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Objective: 10 1 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

5) Which agency coordinates EMS on a national level and defines all levels of EMS providers? A) NEMSES B) AEMT C) NHTSA D) NSPM Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7-8 Objective: 2 6) One important point where trained and untrained people come together as part of the EMS system is: A) the 911 service. B) clinical care. C) ambulance response. D) evaluation. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 Objective: 3 7) How many nationally recognized levels of EMS training are covered by the National EMS Education Standards? A) 8 B) 2 C) 5 D) 4 Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 5 8) Which level of EMS education allows the responder to perform cardiac defibrillation? A) Paramedic B) AEMT C) EMT D) EMR Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 6 9) Which level is considered the minimum level of education and certification for ambulance personnel in most areas of the United States? A) Paramedic B) AEMT C) EMT D) EMR Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 6 2 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

10) Many police officers, firefighters, industrial workers, and other public service providers are trained as Emergency Medical Responders because the EMR level is designed specifically for those who: A) can insert advanced airways and IV lines. B) have the authority to arrest suspects. C) are ambulance personnel. D) may arrive first on the scene. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 7 11) Which EMS model is typically operated by a government entity other than the fire department? A) Public utility B) EMS C) Paramedic D) Hospital-based Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 8 12) The scope of practice for an EMS provider is defined by statutes and regulations developed by: A) national professional organizations. B) state or local EMS entities. C) Federal government. D) The Surgeon General. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Objective: 9 13) Most 911 calls are automatically directed to which location, which is operated by a city or county agency with specially trained dispatchers? A) Emergency room switchboard B) Fire department C) Public safety answering point (PSAP) D) Hospital Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Objective: 11

14) Which of these skills could be performed by all nationally recognized levels of EMS practitioners? A) Initiation of the IV line B) Administration of cardiac medications C) Intubating a newborn infant in respiratory arrest D) Stopping a massive arterial bleed from a chainsaw accident Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Objective: 10 15) Which of these is an example of an off-line medical direction? A) Telephone orders B) On-scene medical intervention C) Standing orders D) Direct intervention Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 Objective: 12 16) You are responding to an emergency involving a middle-aged man who broke his arm while playing football in the park with some college students. You smell an odor resembling that of alcohol about him. He appears angry and yells random insults at you. What should you do? A) Tell him that you cannot treat him until he treats you with respect. B) Stay calm and overlook his behavior. C) Provide treatment but tell him that he's not hurt badly and to stop complaining. D) Call for police back-up and avoid treating the patient until they arrive. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15 Objective: 13 17) In an EMS system, CQI means continuous improvement in the quality of: A) health care products. B) hospital systems. C) protocols and standards. D) patient care. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 Objective: 14 18) What is the goal of the public health system administered by the communities they serve? A) Emergency medical response services B) Continuous quality improvement C) Medical direction D) Optimal health and quality of life Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 Objective: 15 4 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

19) What is the name of the specialized team consisting of highly experienced, trained EMS personnel that can be deployed at a moment's notice to disaster emergencies anywhere in the United States? A) Disaster Medical Assistance Teams B) Emergency Medical Systems C) Emergency Response Teams D) Disaster First Responders Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 Objective: 16 20) New research means new practices are constantly being developed to improve EMS practice. Which two organizations release new guidelines for resuscitation and emergency care every few years? A) American Medical Association and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services B) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the American Heart Association C) American Heart Association and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 Objective: 17 21) Which technology makes it possible for emergency personnel to easily locate and navigate to the scene of an emergency? A) 911 B) EMS C) GPS D) MAPS Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 Objective: 17 22) What type of health care facility provides specialized services, such as trauma care, pediatric care, cardiac care, stroke care, or burn care? A) Outpatient clinic B) Medical office C) Dispatch center D) Specialty hospital Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 Objective: 1

23) Which of these is the definition of "protocols"? A) Indirect medical direction communicated by radio or telephone B) Written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel provide for patients C) Specialized equipment to minimize contact with infectious substances D) Personal traits that indicate professionalism in an EMR Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 Objective: 11 SCENARIO Use this scenario to answer these question(s). You and your partner are called to a one-vehicle collision. A car has collided with a telephone pole. You arrive on the scene and notice that the police are controlling the traffic and that the power company has turned the power off. The patient is a 65-year-old male who is unconscious in the driver's seat. He is breathing and has a pulse. There is a starburst crack in the windshield, and the patient is unrestrained. As your crew is approaching the scene, the local Advanced Life Support Crew arrives. 24) As an Emergency Medical Responder on this call, the first responsibility for you and your crew would be to: A) determine the number of patients needing your care. B) ensure that it is safe for you and your crew to enter the area. C) determine the need for advanced resources. D) ensure that the patient has an open airway. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 Objective: 13 25) Which EMS professional should be the one to monitor the patient's cardiac rhythms and use the defibrillator if necessary? A) Emergency Medical Technician B) Paramedic C) Emergency Medical Responder D) First Responder on Scene Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8-9 Objective: 6 26) Spinal immobilization protocols in your area recently changed because of new research regarding cervical spine injuries. This change in protocol is an example of: A) anecdotal policy change. B) evidence-based practice. C) on-line medical direction. D) independent protocol adjustment. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6 6 Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.

Objective: 17 27) According to the publication "EMS Agenda 2050: A People-Centered Vision for the Future of Emergency Medical Services", which of these is NOT guiding principle to achieve the vision of this initiative? A) EMS should be integrated and seamless. B) EMS should be incorporated into fire services. C) EMS should be adaptable and innovative. D) EMS should be socially equitable. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 Objective: 4

Emergency Medical Responder: First on Scene, 12e (Le Baudour) Chapter 2 Legal and Ethical Principles of Emergency Care 1) Unlawful physical contact with a patient is called: A) negligence. B) abandonment. C) battery. D) harassment. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 28 Objective: 1 2) What term is used when referencing that the care that is provided is based on local laws, administrative orders, and guidelines and protocols established by the local EMS system? A) Scope of practice B) Standard of care C) Ethical response D) Emergency response Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 Objective: 2 3) Ethics can be defined as which principles that guide behavior? A) Legal B) Professional C) Honorary D) Moral Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 25 Objective: 3 4) You have a patient who has stopped breathing and has no signs of circulation. You notice a medical alert bracelet indicating the patient is a registered organ donor. To treat this patient, you will use what type of consent? A) Informed B) Implied C) Expressed D) Competent Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 27 Objective: 4

5) You are called to help a man who is having chest pains. When you arrive, he insists that he is fine and doesn't need any help. What should you do next? A) Stay calm and professional, explain the potential dangers of refusing treatment, and document the refusal of care. Follow local laws for calling in additional assistance. B) Carefully document the refusal of care, inform the patient that you cannot be held responsible for anything further, and withdraw from the scene. C) Restrain the patient, and begin to evaluate and treat him while waiting for the police to arrive since he has a life threatening complaint. D) Inform the patient that he has given implied consent by calling 911 initially, and begin treatment immediately. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 28 Objective: 5 6) What are the documents called that allow individuals to define their wishes or appoint someone else to make health care decisions on their behalf? A) Living wills B) Letters of Agreement C) Consent contracts D) Advance directives Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 29 Objective: 7 7) During your assessment, a patient tells you that she has a DNR order, and wants it honored. What should you do? A) Inform the patient that you can't do anything for her unless she rescinds the DNR in writing. B) Inform her that DNR orders have been replaced by the POLST form, and that without a POLST form, she must accept treatment. C) Provide appropriate comfort and care within the bounds of the DNR. D) Stop all care immediately as is legally required by the DNR "cease and desist" clause. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 29 Objective: 8 8) As a paid Emergency Medical Responder, while on duty you are expected to provide care to patients who summon Emergency Medical Services in your jurisdiction. This is a legal tenant known as: A) duty to act. B) standard of care. C) scope of practice. D) delegation of authority. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30-31 Objective: 9

9) What is the law called that protects care providers from civil liability for delivering care, as long as it is to their level of training and the best of their ability, while not on duty but they happen upon an emergency? A) Innocent Bystander B) Good Samaritan C) First Responder D) Duty of Care Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 Objective: 10 10) HIPAA is a law that dictates the extent to which: A) an EMT may provide on-the-scene care. B) a hospital may accept or refuse patients. C) protected health information may be shared. D) a patient may decline treatment or refuse consent. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 32 Objective: 11 11) What must the EMR do during certain events or conditions that they either know or suspect have occurred, such as child or elder abuse? A) Call the police while on scene. B) Notify the on duty supervisor. C) Provide mandatory reporting. D) Summon an ALS unit. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 33 Objective: 12 12) You are called to a scene where a young man has been shot while trying to rob a convenience store. When you arrive, the young man is lying on the floor and appears to be bleeding from his leg. The police are trying to calm down the store owner, who is in a rage and is waving his shotgun around. What should you do next? A) Treat the patient and remove him from the scene, while staying out of the way of police officers. B) Do not enter the scene until it is safe to do so or law enforcement tells you that you may enter. C) Preserve the patient's clothing and avoid cutting through any holes from the gunshot. D) Tell the store owner to step outside so that you can treat the patient. If the store owner refuses to cooperate, take him immediately into custody. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 34 Objective: 13

13) Your crew responds to a call for a man who is on the ground after a fall, with blood running freely from his arm. He is distressed and angrily tells you to go away, but doesn't seem to understand where he is or what has happened to him. His adult daughter tells you that the man has Alzheimer's and is on blood thinners. She begs you to help him. Can you assist the patient? A) Yes. You must assist all emergency patients who are actively bleeding. B) No. You may not assist a responsive patient who has refused treatment. C) No. The patient has refused treatment and assisting him would violate HIPAA. D) Yes. The patient is not competent to make rational decisions about his health care. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26 Objective: 4 14) You and your partner are on the way back to work when you see a child who has been struck by a vehicle and is unresponsive along the road. The car that hit her is parked off the side of the road, just past the patient. You begin care for her and call for advanced care to transport her to a nearby emergency department. You know she can be legally transported based on: A) actual consent. B) informed consent. C) implied consent. D) Good Samaritan laws. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26-27 Objective: 4 15) You are responding to a one-car accident on a neighborhood street. An elderly woman hit a telephone pole while swerving to avoid a dog that was running loose. She appears to be conscious and is sitting in her car. After you determine that the scene is safe to approach, the next thing you should do is: A) ask for the woman's consent for care. B) ask the woman to step out of the car so you can assess her injuries. C) ensure that the dog is captured and controlled. D) provide oxygen and begin an IV for fluids. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26-27 Objective: 4 16) For a lawsuit alleging negligence to be successful, four elements must be established. Which of these is NOT one of those elements? A) Duty to act B) Breach of duty C) Causation D) HIPAA violation Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30 Objective: 9

17) Your patient is a woman with a broken nose. She is at the park with her children, and she tells you she was hit in the face by a swing. After you take her vital signs and begin to administer first aid, she says that she's fine and you can go. In your opinion, she is both competent and confident. From a legal perspective, which of these statements are true? A) You could be charged with battery if you continue to assist her. B) You could be guilty of abandonment if you leave after beginning care. C) You could be charged under the Good Samaritan law if continue care. D) You could be charged with assault if you contact medical direction and discuss the situation with them. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26-28 Objective: 4 18) You have a critically injured patient who has been identified as an organ donor. How should this patient's treatment differ from that of other patients? A) Consent for organ donation is equivalent to a Do Not Resuscitate order. B) The patient should be carefully packed in ice to preserve the organs on the way to the hospital. C) The patient should be put on special oxygen for organ preservation. D) Emergency care for organ donors does not differ from that of non-organ donors. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 33-34 Objective: 2 19) What is considered a breach of duty? A) A direct link between the care provided and damage to the patient B) A choice to prolong or not prolong life C) Care provided to a nonresponsive patient who cannot give consent D) Care to a less than the acceptable standard Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30 Objective: 9 20) What is the difference between a DNR order and an Advance Directive? A) An advance directive is decided by the patient and a DNR order is decided by the physician. B) An advance directive is decided by the physician and a DNR order is decided by the patient. C) An advance directive relates to future treatment, while a DNR order relates to current treatment. D) An advance directive relates to current treatment, while a DNR order relates to future treatment. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 29 Objective: 8