
7 minute read
The Bitter End
Danse Macabre
By Captain J. Gary “Gator” Hill
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Welcome one and all to a new year! I'm sitting here on this 2nd day of January [way past his deadline ~ Editor] with temps hovering in the 20s, dreaming of summer. The reality of winter is setting in and I cringe at the fact that we still have a couple of months of this accursed weather to get through. However, as a naturalist and a realist, I know that with the winter comes a weird "Danse Macabre" in the marsh.
Since March or April our Spartina alternifl ora, what we commonly refer to as marsh grass, has been growing at a hyperactive rate. This robust smooth cordgrass is native as far north as
Newfoundland and southward to the northern part of Argentina. Growing on average between three and seven feet in a single season, it has distant cousins as diverse as bamboo and corn, which share in these accelerated growth patterns.
Through the summer Spartina goes about its daily business of providing a root structure that helps bind the marsh together. By fall it has matured, and then acts as a natural dampener for wave action caused by storms and hurricanes. With a stalk that is very supple and absorbs the driving forces of waves, it’s extremely important in protecting our environment as well as property.
From spring to fall, the marsh grass is busy; so busy in fact, that it’s considered the most valuable resource in our saltwater ecosystem. It serves as home, and acts as a nursery of sorts, to a myriad of fi shes and crustaceans, and provides the perfect hiding spot for what I call "Itty Bitties," sheltering them from the bigger predatory fi sh that would have their way with them.
In addition to being one of the healthiest saltwater marsh systems in the U.S., Georgia’s is also one of the largest, home to nearly one third of the remaining marshlands the U.S. This approximately half a million acres helps to create a healthy and viable habitat, not only for fi shes and other marine animals, but for a wide variety of birds as well. Each winter we see large numbers of migratory birds taking up their winter residence here in the lowcountry.
What makes this a magnet for all these creatures? It's simple: food.
When I’m doing tours I frequently use the term "crop" when I refer to Spartina. Just as corn or wheat are crops for us, so too is Spartina, for marsh inhabitants. With each acre producing three to seven tons or more of marsh grass, it’s the key ingredient in the vegetable soup of the marsh. These numbers are close to the same amount of dry matter for an acre of corn.
With all this being said, what does winter have to do with the dance?
If spring is considered a time of new birth, it stands to reason there’s also a time of death, and that’s where the Danse Macabre, or the Dance of Death, comes in. All of our lovely green Spartina turned a nice golden hue while it fl owered preparing for the coming year, but now winter has reared its ugly face, and what was once green and lush is now brown and coarse. For the next year this crop of grass will continue to break down with ultraviolet energy from the sun and wave action. High tides and the bigger spring tides will carry the nutrient-rich dead grass, or wrack, out of the marsh and into the waterways where it will be utilized by multiple species.
The marsh grass provides the slurry of life, a rich nutrient of detritus that will start feeding animals at the single cell level, diatoms, dinofl agellates, zooplankton, and a myriad of other ultra-small critters.
Every animal that lives in the saltwater marsh or visits to feed there owes its life to Spartina. On a much larger scale even the fi rst ten miles of ocean receives a staggering amount of nutrients that contribute to the well-being of a healthy coastal marine ecosystem.
I know some people belittle the DNR for their very active stance on protecting our saltwater marsh grasses. But without this stewardship, this ball of twine that is the marsh would unravel in a hurry. No Spartina = no redfi sh. No Spartina = no blue crabs. No Spartina … well you get the point. We've seen too much of our coastal wetlands developed and forever changed in the past and personally I prefer having the marsh. How about no Spartina = no balanced budget? Okay, so there’s a limit to even what Spartina can do. So, the next time you look at this innocuous green grass, look a little deeper and with a better understanding of what this little plant does for us, even in the heart of winter. Birth, life, death, rebirth.
Until next time, Happy New Year, and I'll see y'all on the water!
397 Squirrel Run

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