22 Mother Earth 55 Conford, ‘Organic Society’, p. 78. See also MooreCoyler, ‘Towards “Mother Earth”’; Stephens, ‘Blood, Not Soil’; Frank Trentmann, ‘Civilization and Its Discontents: English Neo-Romanticism and the Transformation of Anti-Modernism in TwentiethCentury Western Culture’, Journal of Contemporary History, 29.4 (October 1994), pp. 583-625. Quoted in Moore-Coyler, ‘Towards “Mother Earth”’, pp. 364, 357. 56 Akala, Natives: Race and Class in the Ruins of Empire (London: Two Roads, 2019), p. 26. 57 VV Brown, ‘To be black in the British countryside means being an outsider’, Guardian, 20 October 2020, [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 58 59 Maria Puig de la Bellacasa made a similar point in a recent webinar. ‘Session 3: Earth, Wind, Fire, Water Zoom Sessions’, Norwegian Crafts, 21 August 2020. [Accessed 17 June 2021]. See the ‘Agroecology Knowledge Hub’ of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 60 61 Xavier Poux, et al., An agroecological Europe in 2050: multifunctional agriculture for healthy eating: Findings from the Ten Years For Agroecology (TYFA) modelling exercise (IDDRI, 2018); Dieter Gertens, et al., ‘Feeding ten billion people is possible within four terrestrial planetary boundaries’, Nature Sustainability, 3 (January 2020), pp. 200-208 (p. 205). The IDDRI study focuses on Europe and argues it will be possible to feed a European population of 530 million people in 2050 with agroecological methods alone. Gertens et al. focus on planetary boundaries as their measure for sustainability, rather than regenerative or agroecological methods. They make the case for trade on p. 205. Any number of articles can be found discussing ‘the rural-urban divide’ in US politics. See for example: Emily Badger, ‘How the Rural-Urban Divide Became America’s Political Fault Line’, New York Times, 21 May 2019, [Accessed 17 June 2021]. For an analysis of how and where this perceived division intersects with questions of race 62 see: Hannah Love and Tracy Hadden Loh, ‘The ‘ruralurban divide’ furthers myths about race and poverty – concealing effective policy solutions’, The Brookings Institution, 8 December 2020, [Accessed 17 June 2021]. This discussion is less advanced in the UK, though as Akala notes of the EU referendum: ‘The regions of England that are multicultural skewed remain, those that are not skewed leave’. Natives, p. 297. 63 Ka’ala Farm, Waianae, Hawaii. [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 64 Farmers from the Shashe community explained their work at this year’s Oxford Real Farming Conference (ORFC): Brain Muvindi, Elizabeth Mpofu, Vongai Dube, and Nelson Mudzingwa, ‘The Agroecological Farming Practices of the Shashe Community of Zimbabwe’, ORFC, 12 January 2021. A recording of their talk is available online: < https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=uBspidWrcI4&list> [Accessed 17 June 2021]. St Werburghs City Farm, Bristol, UK. [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 65 66 Logan, Dirt, p. 16. Wendell Berry, The Unsettling of America: Culture & Agriculture (1977; San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1996), p. 86. 67 68 Burnett, Grassling, p. 72. Laura Spinney, ‘Time for some home truths about deforestation’, Guardian, 21 December 2020, [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 69 70 See Robin Stott, ‘Sequestering carbon by regenerating soil, planting trees, and changing land use (or “The answer lies in the soil”)’, Richard Smith’s non-medical blogs, 9 February 2020, [Accessed 17 June 2021]. 71 Charles Dowding, Organic Gardening: The natural no-dig way (2007; Cambridge: Green Books, 2013). 72 Kiss the Ground, dir. by Joshua Tickell and Rebecca Harrell Tickell (Big Picture Ranch, 2020).