Berew Socialism

Toward Socialism

ÄhïµÐË Ä@ÆÌS ÍÁ?g@¶âËhµ

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ÐÁ@lÂÌÔ Àj̹@ÌoÙk ΠЩ@ÂG ÎÏÉÐÂKÉÉjG Àj̹@ÌoÙk ÐÁ@lÂÌÔ ÎÏc? Ô ÎÏÉÐÁdÁ?ögÐ}

MâÌwÏcgÏc ·âËg@S ÐL­ ÐÅ ÉÉc

www.socialismnow.org email_barawsocialism@yahoo.com

ϰϜ‫ض‬έΎόϴη ϰϧΎϨ‫ط‬ϬϳΩ ̈Α ‫ا‬Α ̈ίΎΗ ϰϜ‫ط‬ΑΰϴΣ "έΎϴΘΧ̈Α ϰϜ‫ط‬ϟ̈‫ ׭‬ϭ Ω΍ίΎ΋ ϰϜ‫ط‬ϧΎϤΘθϴϧ"ϥ‫ا‬ϛ "ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϰϳ‫ا‬Χ̈Αέ̈γ ϰϧΎϳ̈Α" έ̈γ ̈ϟ Ϛ‫ط‬Πϧέ̈γ Ϊϧ̩̈

̵έϮϧ ήϴϣϪγ

"ϰѧѧѧϧΎѧѧѧϨѧѧѧ‫ط‬ѧѧѧϫ Ζѧѧѧγ̈Ω̈Α ϭ "Ω΍ίΎѧѧѧ΋ ϯ̈ϭ̈΋ ‫ص‬ѧѧѧѧΑ̈Α ˬ"!!!ϯέ̈ϭ̈ΘѧѧѧѧΧ̈Α ̈ϟ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ϰγΎΑ ε̈ηϭϭ ϙ̈ϳ̈Α ϥΎѧϳ Ζ‫ط‬Α ΍Ϊϴϛ̈"ϱ‫ا‬Χ̈Α̈γ ϰϧΎϳ̈Α " ̈Α ̈ϳ‫ا‬ѧѧѧѧΧ̈Α̈ѧѧѧѧγ ϡ̈΋ ϱΪѧѧѧѧϧ̈Ϯѧѧѧѧϳ̡̈ ̈ϭ̈ϣΰѧѧѧѧϟΎѧѧѧѧϴѧѧѧѧη‫ا‬ѧѧѧѧγ ϰѧѧѧѧϧΪѧѧѧѧϧ΍έί̈ϣ΍Ω .Ζ‫ط‬Α̈ϫ ϰϛ̈ϳΎ‫ط׮‬Ο

ϯ̈ήѧ‫׮‬ϧ‫ا‬ѧϛ ϕ΍ήѧ‫ط‬ѧϋ ϯέΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰΘδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ ̈ϟ Ϛ‫ط‬η ̈Α ΍Ω 2008\ 3\15 ̈ϟ ϥΎѧϳ ϦϳήΗ ‫׬‬ϧή‫ˬ ׭‬Ζγ̈Α ϰϧΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϯέΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰΘδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϲΑΰΣ ϰϧΪϧ΍έί̈ϣ΍Ω ϰѧϧΎѧϳ̈Α " ϯϭΎѧϧ̈Α ΪѧϧΎѧϳ̈‫׭‬΍֘ ΍ΪѧϜѧϳ̈ϣΎѧϧΎѧϳ̈Α ̈ϟ ϯ‫ا‬ѧΧ ϰѧϧΎѧϛ̈Η̈ѧγΎѧϴγ ϯ̈έ̈ϭ̈Η ϰѧϧϭϮѧΑ̈ϧ ϭ ϥϭϮѧΑ ϕ̈Σέ̈Α ΍Ω̈ѧγΎѧΑ ϡ̈ϟ Ϧѧϣ ̈ϭ ˬ"ϥΎѧΘѧγΩέϮѧϛ ϰѧϳ‫ا‬Χ̈Α̈γ ˬ̈ϴѧϧ ϢѧγΎѧΑ ϯΎѧ‫׮‬ϴѧΟ ˬϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ̈ϠϯέΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰΘδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ ϰϧΩήϛ ΖγϭέΩ ̈Ϊϧ̩̈ ̈ΑΰΣ ϡ̈΋ ̈ϛ ϡ̈ΪΑ ϥΎθ‫̈ ̡ط‬ϭ̈΋ ϯ̈ϭ̈ϣ̈΋ ̈ϭ̈ϨϴγϭϮϧ ϡ̈΋ ϱΎ‫ض׮‬έ ̈ϟ Ϯ‫̈׽׮‬Α ϡ̈΋ ϰѧΗ̈ѧγΎѧϴγ ϯΎγέϮϗ ϰϗ̩̈ ϭ ̈ϭ̈ϳέΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰϣΰϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϭ ϡΰϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ̈ϟ ̈Ϝϳΰϧ .̈ϳ̈ϣΎϛ ̈ΑΰΣ

ϥ΍֘‫ ׭ا‬ί΍ήϣΎ΋ Ζδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ

ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ̈ϟ ϰΗ̈ϳΎϨϴ̩ ϰΗΎΑ̈Χ ϭ ϥΎϛ̈Ϩϴ̩ ϥΎѧϛ̈Ϩϴ̩ ϭ ̈‫׽‬΍ί ΍Ϊϴ‫ط‬Η ̈ϳΎϣέ̈γ ϭέΎϛ ϱΪϧ̈Ϯϳ̡̈ Ύϧ ϥΎϳ Ζ‫ط‬Α ‫ا‬Χ̈Αέ̈γ ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϭ ϰѧϧΎѧϛ̈ϴѧγΎѧϴѧγ ϯήѧϜѧϓ ̈Ηϭ̈֘ ϭ ϰΗ̈ϳ‫̈پ‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ̈ϭ̈ϨΗϭϭΰΑ ϭ ϥΎϴϧ΍Ϯ‫ط‬ϧ ϰΗΎΑ̈Χ ϭ ϥ΍Ϯѧϴѧϧ ϰθ‫ط‬ϛ̈Ϥθ‫ط‬ϛ ϯ̈Ϯ‫̩ط‬έ΍Ϯ̩̈ϟ ϭ ΍Ϊϳ̈Ϯ̩΍Ϯ̩ ϡ̈ϟ ϰϧΎϛ̈ϴγΎϴγ ̈ΰ‫ط‬ϫ ϭ ΏΰΣ ‫׻‬Ύѧ΋έ̈ϫ .̈ϨѧΘѧθϳ̈‫ط׮‬ѧΗ ϭ ϒѧϳήѧϋ̈Η ϰѧϠѧϴѧΑΎѧϗ ΍Ωέ΍Ω̈ϳΎϣέ̈γ ϰϨϴ̩ ϭ έΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰϨϴ̩ ̨ѧϴѧϫ ˬ̈ϳ̈ϭ̈ϧ΍ΪѧϜѧ‫ط‬ѧϟ ϰϠΑΎϗ ̈ϭ̈Ϩϴ̩ ϭϭΩ ϡ̈΋ ϰϧΎϛ̈ϳΪϧϭ̫̈έ̈Α̈Α ΪϧϮϳ̡̈̈ϟ Ϛ‫׭ا֘ض‬ϭ ϯέΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήѧϛ ϯ̈ϭ̈ϨѧΗϭϭΰѧΑ .̈ϴѧϧ ϰѧϧϭϮѧΑ ΍Ϊѧ‫׽‬ΎѧϴѧΧ ϭ ΍ϭ̈ϫ ̈ϟ Ύ̡ ϭ̈ϏΎϨΑ ‫ص‬Α ϰϜ‫ط‬Θη ̈ϟ ϰѧγΎѧϴγ ϭ ϰΗ̈ϳ‫̈پ‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰϧ΍Ϊϳ̈ϣ ϥ΍Ϊϧ̩̈ ϰΘγΎ΋ έ̈γ̈ϟ ϰΗ̈ϳΎϨϴ̩ ϰθ‫ط‬ϛ̈Ϥθ‫ط‬ϛ ΍Ϊѧϳ‫ا‬ѧΧ ϰѧΘѧγΎѧ΋ ϦѧϳήѧΗ̬ϴΗ ϭ ΪϧϮΗ̈ϟ ΍ΩϭϭΩήΑ΍֘ ϰ‫׽‬Ύγ 16 ̈ϟ Ε̈ΒϳΎΗ̈Α ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϰѧ‫׽‬Ύѧγ ϰѧϧΎѧϛ̈ϳέ̈ϭΎѧϣ̈Ο ϯϭ̈ϨѧΗϭϭΰѧΑ ΎѧΗ ̈ϭ̈ϴѧϯϳ΍έϮѧη ϯ̈ϭ̈ϨѧΗϭϭΰѧΑ ̈ϟ ̈ϭϮΑ ϯέ̈‫̈׭‬ϣΎѧϧ̫‫ ֘ئ‬ϯΩ΍ίΎѧ΋ ϭ Ϧѧϳ֙ѧΑέ̈Ω΍֘ ϱΩ΍ίΎѧ΋ έ̈ѧγ̈ϟ ζѧ‫ط‬ѧϛ̈Ϥѧθѧ‫ط‬ѧϛ ϭ 2007 .̈ϳ̈ϫ ϭ ̈ϭϮѧΑ ΍Ω ΪѧϧϮѧΗ έ‫ئ‬ί ϯ̈ϭ̈ϧϭϮѧΑ ϭϭ֘̈Α ϭϭ֘ ϭ̈Χ̈ϳ ϭ̈Θγ̈Ω ϰΘγΎ΋̈ϟ ϥΎѧѧΘѧγΩέϮѧϛ ϰѧγϭϮѧϧ̈έΎѧ̩ ϯ̈ϭ̈ϧΩήѧϛ ‫پ‬Ύѧϛ̈ϳ ϭ "ϥΎѧΘѧγΩέϮѧϛ ϰѧϳ‫ا‬ѧΧ̈Αέ̈ѧγ" ϡ̈ϟ έ̈Ω ̈Α ϙ̈ϧ ϰΗ̈ϳΎϨϴ̩ ϯ̈ϭ̈ϧϭϮΑϭϭ֙Αϭϭ֘ ϰϧΎϛ̈ϧ΍Ϊϳ̈ϣ̈ϟ Ζ‫ط‬Α Ϛ‫ط‬ϛ̈ϳ ϰϧ΍ϮΗ̈΋ .Ζ‫ط‬Α ̈θ‫ط‬ϛ̈Ϥθ‫ط‬ϛ ϡ̈΋ ϰϧΩήϛ̈ϓ̈Χ ϭ Ζ‫ض‬έΪΑ ϥΎθ‫̈ ̡ط‬θ‫ط‬ϛ̈Ϥθ‫ط‬ϛ ̈Α ̈ϨѧΘѧθϳ̈‫ ׭‬ϰѧΗ̈ϳΎѧϧ‫ا‬ѧ̩ ϯΎѧϧΎѧϣ̈Α ϰѧγΎѧϴѧγ ϰѧϜϴϛΎΗ ̈θϴϣ̈ϫ ϥΎϛ̈Θδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ‫ا‬Α ‫ص‬ѧΑ ϯ̈‫̈׽׮‬ϣ‫ا‬ѧ‫ ׭‬ϰѧϧΪѧϧ΍έί̈ϣ΍Ω ϭ̈‫̈׽׮‬ϣ‫ا‬ѧ‫ ׭‬ϰѧϨѧϳ֘‫ا‬ѧ‫ ׭‬ϰѧΗ̈ϳΎϧϮ̩ ϥΎϳ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ Ε̈ϣΰѧΧ έ̈‫̈׭‬΋ "ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϰϳ‫ا‬Χ̈Αέ̈γ ".̈ϴΘδϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ϯΩ΍ίΎ΋ ϯ̈ϭ̈ϧΎγϭ̩̈ Ϛѧϳΰѧϧ ̈ΠѧϧΎѧϣΎѧ΋ ϡ̈ϟ έΎϜ‫ض‬ήϛ ϰϨϴ̩ Ϛ‫ض‬ϭΎ‫׮‬ϧ̈ϫ ϭ ΕΎϛ̈ϧ ϡΰϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ϰϧΪϧ΍έί̈ϣ΍Ω̈Α Ε̈ϣΰѧΧ ϭ Ζѧ‫ط‬ΒΑ ̢֘̈‫ط‬Η ϡΰ‫׽‬ΎϧϮ‫ط‬γΎϧ ϰΠϴΗ΍ήΘγ ϯ̈Ϯ‫̩ط‬έ΍Ϯ̩̈ϟ Ζ‫ط‬ϧ΍ϮΗΎϧ ̈ϭ̈ΗΎϛ̈ϧ .ΕΎϛ̈Ω ϡΰϴϟΎϧϮ‫ط‬γΎϧ ̈Α

έΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήѧϛ ϰϨϴ̩ ϯ̈Η̈ϭ̈ϟ ϭ ϯέ΍Ω̈ϳΎϣέ̈γ ϰϤΘδϴγ ϭΎϧ ̈Η̈ϭΎϧ ϰ‫ ̡ط‬ΎϴϧΩ ϯ̈Η̈ϭ̈ϟ ϰѧ‫׽‬ϭ̈ϫ̈ϟ έΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήѧϛ ϲѧϨѧϴѧ̩ ˬ̈ϭΩήѧϜ‫ ̡ط‬Ζγ̈Ω ϯ‫ا‬Χ ϰΗ̈ϳΎϨϴ̩ ϰΗΎΑ̈Χ ϚϴϨϴ̩ ϙ̈ϭ ̈ϟ ̈ϛ ζѧϴѧϜѧ‫ط‬ѧϧ΍έΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήϛ ˬ΍Ω̈ϭΎϨ‫ ̡ط‬ϡ̈ϟ ϥ΍ΪϧΎη‫ا‬Ϝ‫ط‬Η̈ϟ ϭ ̈ϳ΍Ω̈ϣ̈Θδϴγ ϡ̈΋ ϰϨϳ֘‫׭ا‬ ϰѧΘѧδѧ‫ط‬ѧϔѧϧΎѧϣ ϭ ˬΖѧδѧϴѧϧ‫ا‬ѧϣ‫ا‬ѧϛ ̈ϮѧΗϭϭ ϥΎѧϳ‫ا‬Χ ̈Α ϥϭΎη‫ا‬Ϝ‫ط‬Η ̈ϧ΍έ‫ ׭ا‬ϡ̈΋ ϯϭΎϨ‫̡ط‬ .̈ϭ̈ϧΎѧϴѧγϭϮѧϧ βѧϠѧ‫׮‬ϧ̈΋ ϭ βϛέΎϣ ̈ϛ ϭϮΑ ̈ϳ̈ϭ̈ϨΗϭϭΰΑ ϡ̈΋ ϰϧΎϳ̈Α Ζδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ̈ϟ ϭ ϰѧΘѧδѧϴѧϧ‫ا‬ѧϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϯ̈ϣΎϧέ̈Α ϯέϭ̈Ω ̈ϟ ϥΎϛ̈Θδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ΍ϭΩ̈Α ̈ϭϭ̬‫ط‬ϣ ϡ̈ϟ ήΘϴ΋ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ϰϧΪϧ΍έί̈ϣ΍Ω ϭ ϯέ΍Ω̈ϳΎϣέ̈γ ϰϣ̈Θδϴγ ϰϧ΍֘‫ ׭ا‬ϯ̬ϴΗ΍ήΘγ ϯέϭ̈Ω ϰѧϨѧϳ֘‫ ׭ا‬ϯί΍ήϣΎ΋ Ζδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ ϰϧΎϳ ˬ̈ϭΩήϛ ΖγϭέΩ ϥΎϴΘδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ έΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήѧϛ ϰѧϨѧϴѧ̩ ̈ϭΪϧΎϤ‫̈׽‬γ ϯ̈ϭ̈΋ ε̈ΑϭήΟ̈Η ϭ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ‫ا‬Α ̈ϳέ΍Ω̈ϳΎϣέ̈γ .‫ش‬έΩΎϧ ϡΎΠϧ̈΋ ‫ا‬Α ϯ̈έΎϛ ϡ̈΋ Ζδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ ‫ص‬Α̈Α ϭέΎѧΒѧΘѧόѧϴѧ΋ ̈ϟ ϥΩήѧϛ ̈ΩΎѧϔѧΘѧδѧϴ΋ ̈Α ϭ ΍Ωέ̈Α‫ا‬ΘϜ΋ ϰη֘‫ا‬η ϰΘδϜη ϯ΍ϭΩ̈Α ϡ‫̈پ‬Α ΏΰѧΣ ϥΎѧϳ̈Ω "Ϛѧϳϭ̈ѧθ‫̈׽‬Α ϰΑΰΣ "ϯ̈ϛ̈Θδϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϰΑΰΣ ϭ̈η֘‫ا‬η ϡ̈΋ ϯίϮϔϧ ϭ Ε‫پ‬ϭ ϰѧѧϧΩήѧѧϛ ϯίΎѧѧγ̈ѧѧθѧѧ‫ط‬ѧѧ̡ ϭ ϰѧѧϧΎѧѧϤѧѧΘѧѧθѧѧϴѧѧϧ ϰѧѧϳ‫ا‬ѧѧΧ̈Αέ̈ѧѧγ ϰѧѧΠѧѧϴѧѧΗ΍ήѧѧΘѧѧγ ̈ϛ ̈ϟ Ωήѧϛ̈Ω ϯέΎϳΩ ϰϧΎϴϧϭϮΑ ϯ̈ϓ̈δϟ̈ϓ ΪΘϫ.. έ̈‫׭‬ήϴ‫׭‬΍Ω ‫̈׭̈׻‬ϟ ̈ϭ̈ϧϭϮΑϭ֘ϭϮΑϭϭ֘ ΍Ω̈Ω ϥΎѧϳ‫ا‬ѧΧ ϰѧϧΎѧη‫ا‬ѧϜѧ‫ط‬Η ̈Α ϥΎϳ̬̈‫ض‬έΩ ϡΰϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϯέΎΒΘόϴ΋ ϡΰϴϧ‫ا‬ϣ‫ا‬ϛ ϯϭΎϧ ήϳ̫ ϭ̈ϭϮѧΑ̈Ω̈ϧ ϯΎѧ‫ط׮‬ѧΟ ΍Ϊѧϧ΍ϭ̈΋ ϲѧΠѧϴѧΗ΍ήѧΘѧγ ̈ϟ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ε̈ϛή̩ ϙ̈ϳ ‫ا‬Α ϡ‫̈پ‬Α Ϛѧ‫ط‬ѧϛ̈ϳ ˬϰѧ‫ط‬ѧϟ ϭϮѧΑ̈ϧ ̈ϭ̈ϧΩήϛ ήϴΑ ϰϠϴΑΎϗ ϭ Ζγ̈Ω ̈έϭϭΩ ϰϜ‫ط‬ΠϴΗ΍ήΘγ ̈θϴϣ̈ϫ ̨ϴϫ̈ϟ ̈ϭ̈ϳ̢֘̈‫ط‬Η ‫׻‬Ύγ 70 ̈ϟ ϰϧ̈ϣ̈Η ̈ϛ ϭϮΑ ϰϗ΍ή‫ط‬ϋ ϰϋϮϴη ϰΑΰΣ ̈ϧΎΑΰΣ ϭ̈ϟ ̈ϧ ̈ΠѧϧΎѧϣΎѧ΋ ϡ̈Α ϦѧΘѧθϳ̈‫ ׭‬ϯΎѧ‫ ֘ض׮‬ϭ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ̈ΑΰΣ ϡ̈΋ ϰϧΎϳ̫ ̈ϟ ϙ̈ϳ̈έϭ̈Ω " ϯέΎѧѧόѧѧϴѧѧη ˬαΎѧѧΑ ϭ̈ѧѧδϗ ϭ ֙ѧѧϣ ϭ Ζѧѧθϣ ϯΎѧѧ‫ط׮‬ѧѧΟ ̈Η̈ϭϮѧѧΑ̈ϧ ̈ϭ΍ήѧѧϛ Ρέ̈Η .̈ϭϮΑ ̈ΑΰΣ ϡ̈΋ ϰϛ̈έ̈γ ϯέΎόϴη "έΎϴΘΧ̈Α ϰϜ‫ ׭̈׽ط‬ϭ Ω΍ίΎ΋ ϰϜ‫ط‬ϧΎϤΘθϴϧ

ϥΎѧѧΘѧѧγΩέϮѧѧϛ ̈ϟ ̈ϛ ̈ϭ΍Ω̈ϧ ̈ϭ̈ϟ ϯ‫ا‬ѧѧΧ "ϥΎѧѧΘѧѧγΩέϮѧѧϛ ϰѧѧϳ‫ا‬ѧѧΧ̈Αέ̈ѧѧγ ϰѧѧϧΎѧѧϳ̈Α " ϡ‫̈پ‬Α ̈ϭ̈ϛ‫̈֘ئ‬ϭΎѧϧ ϥΎѧϣ̈ϫ̈Α ϦѧϜѧ‫ط‬ѧΑΰѧΣ ϰѧϧϭϮѧΑ ΖѧγϭέΩ ϯΩ̈ϳΎѧη ‫֙ئ‬ϣ̈΋ ̈Ϥ‫ط‬΋ ϭϮѧѧϣ̈ϫ ϰѧѧϛ‫̈֘ئ‬ϭΎѧѧϧ ΍Ϊѧѧϳ̈‫̈׽׮‬ϣ‫ا‬ѧѧϛ ϡ̈ϟ ϰѧѧΗ̈ϳΎѧѧϨѧѧϴѧѧ̩ ϰѧѧΗΎѧѧΑ̈Χ ϭ ϥ̈ϫ ϥΎѧѧϛ̈Ϩѧѧϴѧѧ̩ ϰѧΘѧϳήѧΑ ϯΎѧ̡ΎѧΗέ̈ѧγ ̈ϛ ΍Ϊϛ̈ϳϭ̈ϨΗϭϭΰΑ ϰϧϭϭέ̈Ω̈ϟ ί΍ϭΎϴΟ ϭ΍ϭ̈Η ϰϜ‫ط‬ϣ̈Ωέ̈γ̈ϟ ϡΰѧϟΎѧϴѧη‫ا‬ѧγ ϰѧϧΩήѧϛ̈ϧ αΎѧΑ ήΘϴ΋ ̈ϭ̈η̈ϳΎ‫ض׮‬έ Ϣϟ Ζ‫ط‬Ϩ‫ط‬ϫ̈Ω Ϛ‫ ̡ط‬ϥΎϛ̈θ‫ط‬ϛ̈Ϥθ‫ط‬ϛ ε̈ϳ̈ϭ̈ϨѧΗϭϭΰѧΑ ϡ̈΋ ϥΎѧϴѧ‫ط‬ѧϟ ̈ϭ̈ϧΩήϛΎϴΟ ‫ا‬Χ ϭ̈ϧΎΑΰΣ ̈έ‫ا‬Ο ϡ̈ϟ ̈ϨΧ̈֘ ̈ϟ ̈ϭϮΑ .Ζ‫ط‬Ϩ‫ط‬ϫ̈Ω Ϛ‫" ̡ط‬ϥΎϳ̈Α "ϯέ̈έϭ̈Η "ΕΎϛ̈ϧ΍֘ ϡΰϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ̈ϟ Ϛ‫̈׽‬Χ "ΎΗ ̈ϳ̈ϭ̈ϨѧѧΗϭϭΰѧѧΑ ϡ̈΋ .Ε̈ϤѧѧϜѧѧϴѧѧΣ ϯέϮѧѧδϧ̈ϣ ϯέ̈Α΍֘̈Α ˬ̈ϳέΎѧѧϜѧѧ‫ض‬ήѧѧϛ ϰѧѧϣΰѧѧϴѧѧϧ‫ا‬ѧѧϣ‫ا‬ѧѧϛ ϯέΎѧϜѧ‫ض‬ήѧϛ ̈ήѧϳ̈Ϗ ϰѧϣΰѧϴϟΎϴη‫ا‬γ ϲ̩έ̈ϫ ϭ ΩήϜ‫ ̡ط‬ϰΘγ̈Ω ϡΰϴϟ‫̈ ̡ا̡ا‬ϟ ̈ϨΧ̈֘̈Α ϯϭΎѧϧ̈Α Ϛѧ‫ط‬ѧΑΰѧΣ ‫֙ئ‬ѧϣ̈΋ .ϭϮѧΑ̈ϧ ϯέΎѧΗέϮѧϗ ̈ϳ̈ϨѧΧ̈֘ ϡ̈΋ ϰΗ̈ϤΣ̈֘ ήϳ̫̈ϟ ̈ϳ̈ϫ ϰϜ‫ط‬ϧΎϤΘθϴϧ "ϥΎΘγΩέϮϛ ϰ‫اض‬ΧϪΑέ̈γ ‫ا‬Α Ζ‫ط‬Α̈Ω ΖγϭέΩ ̈ϭ̈Η̈ϤϜϴΣ ϯέϮδϧ̈ϣ

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ðÚÉdGÐ¥ g?cgÐk ÊæħÕĔīĠ ¼Ĥ˵ĦíŇĨ ĢÊīŇĤ ¼ºĤħÜ ËÕñŇÈ ħĜêħÎ ³ħōĦĪËĠ ¼Ĥ˵ĦêËô ħĜ ¼¶ŎĜËĠ ¼ÔħĠī¶à ¼Ĥ˵ĦíŇĨ Ī êæħð ¼ðħµ ĢÊæħð Ī ËðëŎºĜħĨ ĒÊëŇĈ »êīôËÎ Ī ÊçČħÎ ħĜ ĢËŎĤËŎ¹ îħµ ĢÊæħð ¼ĤËÎêīĔ Ħæëµ ¼ĨËĤī¹ ŅÎ Ğħµħō ħĠħÈ .ĢĪīÎ ĦêÊĪËÈ Ī ĢĪīÎ êÊçĥōëÎ Ī Êæ ÓðĦæ ħĜ ¼ðËŎð ¼ĠĹñŎÈ ħµ ħŎĤ ´ŇºĤħÜ ģōëäËÈ Ī ¸ĤħÜ ħõŎĠħĨ ¼ðËŎð ¼ĠĹñŎÈ.ËÎĦæ »Ħīņê ħÎ ´ŀħä »±æ ħºÜ »²ŎÔ ĪçĤŃÔ Ī ¸ĤħÜ ħĜ ħºÜ ÊçōŃä »ĪĪ²ŇĠ ħĜ êħô. ĦĪīÎħĤ Ņª »ëÔ ¼°ŎĨ ´Ĝħä ŃÎ ¼ôĦê ±łê ħĜ ¼Ôīµêħð Ģ˵ħŎĤĦæħĠ ËĠħĥÎ ¼ĤËĠê ´ŇÔ ¼ĤÊëņīĜËĠ Ī ´Ĝħä ŃÎ ¼ĐËĠ ŅÎ ÊĪëŎÎ Ī ¼ðËŎð ¼Ôīµêħð . ĢËĤ± . ĦĪīÎ ĢËŎĤ˵ ħĠħĨêħÎ ħĜ ¼ ĜË Î ĪĪæ ĢÊī ŇĤ »êħô ¼¶ŎĜËĠ Ī êæħð ĢÊīŇĤ »êħô ĢË Ŏ µħ ōĸ êħ Ĩ ¼ ĥ ÔĪħ µêħ ð ħ Õ ðêħªħĤѵ »ìÊĪ±êŃÎ ¼ ¶ Ĝħä ¼ĜËä »Ħëđð êħð ŃΠ˵ËĤ æËōì ĢËĤ ³ħōĪĪê˪ Ņ ĥ Ň ĨË Ĥ »æħÎ óōËðËÈ Ī ģĠħÈ óҶÔħġàĦì Ī êÊæħĤ Ħêħ ô Ğħ È .ńêìħĠËĤÊæ Ņª ¼ĤĦæħĠ êĸѶð »ËºĜħĠѵ ħ µ ĢÊë Ň È ħ Î êħ ð ¼ ðË Ŏ ð ¼ ĠĹ ñŎÈ ĢÊīŇĤ »ļħô êħ ð ¼ ðË Ŏ ð ¼ĠĹñŎÈ ĦĪ ¼ÔħōêħĥņīĤ êæħð ÊæħÕĔŃĠ Úêī Ü Ī ˶ōêħĠħÈ .¼ÔħōêħĥņīĤ ¼¶ŎĜËĠ ħµ ˶ōêħĠħÈ ħÎ ħ Î Ģħ µĦæ ¼ ¶ Ŏ ĜË Ġ ħ Ĝ ¼ ĤÊī Ŏ Õ õª Êë ¶ ôË È ħ Î òŃÎ ¼ Õ õ « ĜË ª ħ µ Ëōêīð Ī ĢÊëŎÈ »±æ ħĜ ģĤÊìħÈ ¼¶ņļħô ħ µ Ë ¶ ōêħ Ġħ È . Ģħ µĦæ êæħ ð ¼ Ĥ˵ĦêÊçµħ¯ ËŎõŎĝŎĠ ħ Ĝ Ħī ÔË Ĩ »ìËÎêħð Ī ¼ðËŎð ¼Õñ¶ô ¼ôĪīÔ »Ńä ħ Î ¼ Õ ðĦæħ Î ħ ĤÊêħ ô Ğħ È ńĪħ ōĦæ Êç ĔÊë Ň Ĉ Ī ¼ ¶ĜËĠ »ħµħÔħĠī¶à ħµ ÒÊçÎ ĞËÝĤħÈ ¼Ĥ˵ĦĪÊëŎºņëµ ħ ĔÊë Ň Ĉ ¼ ĠĹ ñ Ŏ È »ĸËÎ ¼ĤħĠīÝĤħÈ Ī êæħÎ ¼Ĥ˵ĦíŎĨ »êī ĩġÜ »ĪÊëŎ¹ ńëµ ħÎ ´ŇĤËĠĦæêħð ħĤËĠħÈ ¼¯êħ¹ ¼ Ôħ Ġí ä ħ Ĝ ë ÕĠħµ łëĠħÈ ĞĸħÎ ĢĪīÎ ĢÊëŇÈ ¼ĠĹñŎÈ Ë ¶ ōêħ Ġħ È Ń Î ĦĪ Êæħµħ¯ĪËĤ ħĜ ĢÊçĤÊëŇÈ ¼Ĥ˵ħÔħðËŎð Ń Î .ĪÊë Ŏ ¹ ńëµ ħÎ ģōëÕôËÎ ĪħĝŎðĦĪ ģōëôËÎ ħÔħĤĪīÎ êæħ ð Êæħ Õ Ĕī Ġ óŎĤÊëŎÈ ¼ĠĹñŎÈ »êīĩġÜ ¼ÔħĠī¶à ħ Ĝ Ī ĦĪÊë Ŏ ¹ ńë µ ħ Î ģ ōë Õ ôË Î Ī ħĝŎðĪ ģōëÕôËÎ »êħ ô ĦĪĦêæħ ð ¼ ĤË µĦêÊç µħ ¯ Ë Ŏ õ Ŏ ĝ Ŏ Ġ »Ë º ōê Ī ħ Ġħ È.Êç ĔÊë Ŏ Ĉ ħ Ĝ Ë µĦæ Ë ¶ ōêħ Ġħ È Ī Òĸħ ðĦæ ħ ªĪë ¹ »ħ Ĥʱłê »ë Î Óôѵ êłëŎÔ ¼ĤĪīÎ »ÊêĦêħð ¼ ôī Ô ħµ ëÔ ¼ĤÊĪħÈ ĪĦçŎĈËĔ ³ĦĪ »ëÔ ¼Ĥ˵ħŎĠĹñŎÈ »Ħêħ ô Ğħ È ħ ōŃ Î êħ Ĩ .ĦĪĪæë µ ĢË ōħ ¶ Ĝħ ä Ğħ È ħ Õ ðêħ ªħ ĤŃ µ »Ë Ŏ õŎĝŎĠ ĪĪæ ĢÊīŇĤ ¼¶ņêħô òËÕñŇÈ ë Ŏ ¹Êæ ¼ ĠË Ý Ĥħ È ħ Ĝ ħ µ »ħôĦê ŃōêËĥŎð ĪħĜ ħ¶ŇôħÎ ĒÊë Ň Ĉ ¼ ¶ ŀħ ä Ń Î ¼ ĤË µħ ĤË ġōħªĪËĨĪ ˶ōêħĠħÈ »ê˵ Ī Ë ¶ ōêħ Ġħ È ĢÊī Ň Ĥ »ħ õ ŇĘ ħōħõҵ ĞħÈ ĦĪ ĦĪËĕĜīä

¼ Êæħµħ¯ĪËĤ ħĜ ħĤÊëŇÈ