Issuu

New

Engelska som A1-språk för gymnasiet

New

COURSE

New

3 COURSE

Jaana Ikonen Anna-Mari Mäkelä Lynn Nikkanen Olli-Pekka Salo Tuula Sutela Harriet Lindroth Martina Andtfolk Camilla Hannuksela Sarah Mattila

ISBN 978-951-52-4250-1

9 789515 242501

SCHILDTS & SÖDERSTRÖMS

Common abbreviations

Vanliga förkortningar

(sic)

så står det verkligen

AD AGM aka am anon AOB asap ATM Ave b BA B&B BBC BC BCE BSc btw BYO c / ca c/o cc CD CD-ROM CE CEO CET cf CIA CV dept DIY Dr DVD eg enc esp est et al etc EU FAQ FBI FYI GDP GMT GP HQ ICT ID ie

used after a quoted word which has been spelled incorrectly in the year of the Lord (Latin Anno Domini) Annual General Meeting also known as before noon (Latin ante meridiem) anonymous any other business as soon as possible automated teller machine Avenue born Bachelor of Arts bed and breakfast British Broadcasting Corporation before Christ before the Common Era Bachelor of Science by the way bring your own about (Latin circa) care of copy to compact disc compact disc read-only memory Common Era Chief Executive Officer Central European Time compare (Latin confer) Central Intelligence Agency a written record of your education and work experience (Latin curriculum vitae) department do-it-yourself Doctor digital video disc for example (Latin exempli gratia) enclosed especially established and others (Latin et alii) and so on (Latin et cetera) European Union frequently asked questions Federal Bureau of Investigation for your information Gross Domestic Product Greenwich Mean Time General Practitioner headquarters Information and Communication Technology identification that is (Latin id est)

e.Kr. (efter Kristus) årsmöte alias, också känd som f.m. (förmiddag) anonym, namnlös annat ärende (på mötesagenda) så fort som möjligt bankautomat aveny (gata, bulevard) f. (född) HuK (hum.kand.) rum (logi och frukost) brittiska rundradion f.Kr. (före Kristus) före vår tideräknings början NaK (nat.kand.) förresten, för övrigt eget (drickbart) med ca (cirka), ungefär boende hos (i adress) kopiera till (e-mejl) CD CD ROM från vår tideräknings början v.d., (verkställande direktör) Mellaneuropeisk tid jfr (jämför) federala underrättelsetjänsten i USA meritförteckning, CV departement, ministerium (AmE) gör det själv dr (doktor) DVD t.ex. bifogat speciellt grundad o.a. (och annat) etc, osv (och så vidare) EU (Europeiska unionen) ofta ställda frågor federala polisen i USA till kännedom BNP (bruttonationalprodukt) Greenwich tid allmänpraktiserande läkare högkvarter IT (datateknik) ID (identifikationsbevis) dvs (det vill säga)

Inc IQ IT K Ltd m2 MA MBA MEP MIT MOT test MP mph Ms MSc N/A NATO NB no. OBE OECD OTT p.a. PA PC PhD PIN PISA pls pm PM pp PR PS PTO QED R&D R&R re RSVP SMS St UFO UN v / vs VAT VCR VIP viz wi-fi

Incorporated Intelligence Quotient information technology thousand Limited square metre/s Master of Arts Master of Business Administration Member of the European Parliament Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ministry of Transport test Member of Parliament; Military Police miles per hour Miss or Mrs Master of Science not applicable; not available North Atlantic Treaty Organization take note (Latin nota bene) number Order of the British Empire Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development over the top per year (Latin per annum) Personal assistant personal computer; politically correct Doctor of Philosophy personal identification number Programme for International Student Assessment please after noon (Latin post meridiem) Prime Minister on behalf of (Latin per procurationem); pages public relations postscript (Latin post scriptum) please turn over that is what I wanted to prove and I have proved it (Latin quad erat demonstratum) research and development rest and relaxation with reference to please reply (French répondez s’il vous plaît) short message service Saint; street unidentified flying object United Nations (Latin versus) value added tax video cassette recorder very important person that is to say, namely (Latin videlicet) wireless fidelity

Ab (aktiebolag) (AmE) IQ (intelligenskvot) IT tusen Ab (aktiebolag) (BrE) m2 (kvadratmeter) FM (fil.mag. i humanistiska ämnen) ekon.mag. medlem av Europaparlamentet tekniska högskolan i Massachusetts besiktning riksdagsledamot; militärpolis mil i timmen fröken eller fru FM (fil.mag. i naturvetenskaperna) inte tillgänglig (information) NATO Obs. nr (nummer) hedersutmärkelse för brittiska imperiets riddarorden OECD (organisation för samarbete inom ekonomi och utveckling) överdriven per år, årligen privatsekreterare PC; politiskt korrekt Fil.dr. personlig kod OECDs utvärdering för 15-åringar i läsning, matematik och naturvetenskaper v.g. (var snäll och...) e.m. (eftermiddag) statsminister å ngns vägnar; sidor(na) PR, reklam PS, efterskrift Vänd vsb (vilket skulle bevisas) produktutveckling vila och avkoppling betr. (beträffande) osa (om svar anhålles) sms (textmeddelande) st (sankt, helig); gata ufo (flygande tefat) FN (Förenta nationerna) mot moms (mervärdesskatt) VCR, videospelare VIP (kändis) nämligen trådlös nätförbindelse (åt allmänheten)

New COURSE

Jaana Ikonen Anna-Mari Mäkelä Lynn Nikkanen Olli-Pekka Salo Tuula Sutela Harriet Lindroth Martina Andtfolk Camilla Hannuksela Sarah Mattila

Schildts & Söderströms

Schildts & Söderströms www.sets.fi

Illustrationer Teckningar 99 Pietari Posti

Denna bok är en ny reviderad utgåva som baserar sig på originalen Profiles 3 & Profiles 5.

139 Jukka Fordell

Foton Omslagsfoto simonkr / iStockphoto

Redaktör (New Profiles 3): Lari Assmuth Redaktörer för finska ProFiles 3: Katja Merontausta och Anu Seljavaara Redaktör för finska ProFiles 5: Anu Seljavaara Layout (ProFiles 3 & 5): Tarja Petrell Ombrytning: Tarja Petrell/Jukka Iivarinen Omslag: Tarja Petrell/Jukka Iivarinen Bildredaktör: Suvi Hämäläinen/Lari Assmuth

6 (uppe) Drow male / Wikimedia Commons 6 (nere) subman / iStockphoto 7 (uppe) LUKASZ-NOWAK1 / iStockphoto 7 (nere) zoranm / iStockphoto 9 TonyBaggett / iStockphoto 10 Isaji / iStockphoto 11 monkeybusinessimages / iStockphoto 12 william87 / iStockphoto 13 martinedoucet / iStockphoto 17 bibi57 / iStockphoto 18 pelvidge / iStockphoto 19 ChrisVanLennepPhoto / iStockphoto

20 ALLEKO / iStockphoto 21 Karen Roe / Wikimedia Commons 25 michelangeloop / iStockphoto 26 (uppifrån, v.) David Morris / Wikimedia Commons; okänd / Wikimedia Commons; Mary

Evans Picture Library / Lehtikuva; Yui Mok / PA Photos / Lehtikuva 26 (uppifrån, h.) okänd / Wikimedia Commons; John Giles / PA Photos / Lehtikuva; Gilda N. Squire / Naim Chidiac Abu Dhabi Festival / Wikimedia Commons; Etienne Laurent / EPA / All Over Press 27 Frazer Harrison / AFP / Lehtikuva

Kopieringsvillkor Detta verk är en lärobok. Det är skyddat enligt lagen om upphovsrätt (406/61) och enligt lagen om fotografisk bild, om tillstånd till fotografisk bild inte har skaffats. Kontrollera att Er läroinrättning har gällande tillstånd till fotografisk bild. Mera uppgifter om tillstånd och innehållet i dessa ger Kopiosto r.f. www.kopiosto.fi. Det är ovillkorligen förbjudet att kopiera boken eller del av den digital eller att göra ändringar i den. Fondernas samarbetsgrupp som består av Svenska kulturfonden, Svenska Folkskolans Vänner, Föreningen Konstsamfundet och Lisi Wahls stiftelse för studieunderstöd har beviljat ekonomiskt stöd för utgivningen av detta läromedel. ISBN 978-951-52-4250-1 1 upplagan, 1 tryckningen 2017

28 (uppe) Jussi Nukari / Lehtikuva 28 (nere) Rowland Scherman / U.S. National Archives and Records Administration / Wikimedia Commons 31 Angela Radulescu / Wikimedia Commons 34 dlewis33 / iStockphoto 35 sedmak / iStockphoto 36 ZU_09 / iStockphoto 38 shironosov / iStockphoto 39 (vänster) FS-Stock / iStockphoto 39 (höger) FotografiaBasica / iStockphoto 41 NicolasMcComber / iStockphoto 43 (vänster) J-Luc / Wikimedia Commons 43 (höger) Brocken Inaglory / Wikimedia Commons 45 SeanPavonePhoto / iStockphoto 50 elenachaykina / iStockphoto 51 monkeybusinessimages / iStockphoto 52 gipi23 / iStockphoto 53 (uppe) monticello / iStockphoto 53 (nere) Eva-Katalin / iStockphoto 57 joegolby / iStockphoto 58 JesusFernandez32 / iStockphoto

59 Joel Ryan / AP Invision / Lehtikuva 60 Walt Disney Co. / Everett / Lehtikuva 64 serg3d / iStockphoto 65 Anto Magzan / PA Photos / Lehtikuva 66 aluxum / iStockphoto 67 aluxum / iStockphoto 68 aluxum / iStockphoto 71 monkeybusinessimages / iStockphoto 72 (uppe v.) The Scream, 1893 (oil, tempera & pastel on cardboard), Munch, Edvard (1863-1944) / Nasjonalgalleriet, Oslo, Norway / Bridgeman Images 72 (uppe h.) Marilyn, right hand side, 1964 (silk screen), Warhol, Andy (1928-87) / Private Collection / Bridgeman Images 72 (nere) The Garden of Earthly Delights, 14901500 (oil on panel) , Bosch, Hieronymus (c.14501516) / Prado, Madrid, Spain / Bridgeman Images 73 (uppe v.) Girl with a Pearl Earring, c.1665-6 (oil on canvas), Vermeer, Jan (Johannes) (163275) / Mauritshuis, The Hague, The Netherlands / Bridgeman Images 73 (uppe h.) The Wounded Angel, 1903 (oil on canvas), Simberg, Hugo (1873-1917) / Ateneum Art Museum, Finnish National Gallery, Helsinki, Finland / Bridgeman Images 73 (nere) The Persistence of Memory, 1931 (oil on canvas), Dali, Salvador (1904-89) / Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA / Bridgeman Images 74 Alastair Grant / AP / Lehtikuva 75 Fiona Hanson / PA Photos / Lehtikuva 78 Timothy A. Clary / AFP / Lehtikuva 80 (vänster) Boris Horvat / AFP / Lehtikuva 80 (höger) Emilio Naranjo / EFE / Lehtikuva 85 IPGGutenbergUKLtd / iStockphoto 87 Itar Tass / Lehtikuva 88 WENN.com / All Over Press 89 ©Weinstein Company / Courtesy Everett Collection / All Over Press 97 LanceB / iStockphoto 102 duncan1890 / iStockphoto 107 yokaew / iStockphoto 108 Andrew_Howe / iStockphoto 110 splendens / iStockphoto 128 Yellowstone National Park / Wikimedia Commons 131 md.faisalzaman / Wikimedia Commons 136 NADOFOTOS / iStockphoto 142 Florian Fuchs / Wikimedia Commons 144 Guenter Wieschendahl / Wikimedia Commons 160 ®Universal / Courtesy Everett Collection / Lehtikuva

How to make the most out of this book Welcome to the New Profiles series! Here is a short presentation of how the book works so that you can use it to your best advantage. The first part of the book consists of four units with texts on different subject areas. The following icons are used to show you what skills are focused on in each activity:

Icons A text or an exercise with recorded material that accompanies the book.

Introducing a theme Kick Start

Making your English sound more natural and varied.

Word Power

Exercises in pronunciation Hear Say

Polishing your intonation and pronunciation.

Text Wise

Sound Bite

Strengthening and broadening your command of words. Short listening comprehensions Helping you to make sure you understand spoken texts.

Checking that you have understood a written text. Speaking up

Vocabulary

Idioms Phrase Bank

Getting you started with the topic at hand.

Comprehension exercises

Chat Room

Practicing your speaking skills.

Exercises in writing Note Pad

Improving the way you express yourself in writing.

LEARNING TIP

HOW COME?

Strategies to make it easier for you to learn English

Presenting the origin of words and expressions

In addition to these exercises, you will find the following sections towards the back of the book:

In addition, you will find a vocabulary section in three parts:

Think Tank Helping you organize your writing and giving you ideas on what to write about.

List of irregular verbs English irregular verbs listed in one place with their Swedish translations.

Know How Presentation of grammatical rules and exercises to help you put them to use.

Text-based vocabulary New or more challenging vocabulary listed for each text separately.

Back Track Exercises for independent revision of what you have been working on. The correct answers to these exercises are found in the Back Track key at the end of this section.

Alphabetical vocabulary: English–Swedish A list of the vocabulary in alphabetical order.

Best of luck to you!

page 6 6

CONTENTS

Course intro Be there Page

Text

Topic

KickStart

Kick Start

Unit 1 Culture vulture

TextWise

Text Wise

PhraseBank

Phrase Bank

WordPower

Word Power

1 Multiculturalism

Different aspects of culture and multiculturalism

2 British cultural quirks

Cultural oddities common to the UK

2D 2E

3 Panning poetry gold –

Article on Bob Dylan's Nobel prize

3A An artist

to remember

3B 3E 3H

4 Songs of worship: Why we

The role of music and song in religious contexts

4A Music

4D 4E 4F Music-related vocabulary

Unit 2 Face the music

Bob Dylan's Nobel prize

sing to the Lord

idioms

Unit 3 On the same page

5 Waxing poetic

Poetry

6 Changing reader habits in

Digital and printed literature

7 Why are so many adults

The allure of young adult literature

8 All the world's a stage:

6D 6F

7C 7D

The Ballerina Project – taking ballet out on the street and into social media

8A 8B

9 A picture is worth

Banksy's political street art and other famous works

9B Famous works of art

9C 9D 9E

9A The ABC of art

10 Annie Leibovitz: Up close

Profile

10A 10B

10C

10D 10E Photography-related

a digital world

reading YA and teen fiction?

Unit 4 Get the picture

ballet off stage, on the road

a thousand words

and personal

vocabulary

Unit 5 Behind the scenes

11 Origin story: Lion movie

Film review

11C

11D

11E

11A Film-related vocabulary 11F 11H

12 Will power

Shakespeare's life and works

12A 12B

12C 12D 12E

12F

12G 12J 12K

110

13 Six-word memoirs

PostScript

review

ThinkTank: Personal response, Narrative, Speech, Phrases for speeches ThinkTank: Formal vs informal writing ThinkTank: Arts vocabulary & excercises KnowHow: Grammar section BackTrack: Revision section

111 116 118 125 173

Keys to some exercises Countries, nationalities and languages List of irregular verbs Text-based vocabulary Alphabetical vocabulary: English-Swedish

187 191 194 198 204

Chat Room

HearSay

Hear Say

SoundBite

Sound Bite

1E Bridging the

Learning tip

Note Pad

culture gap

NotePad

CONTENTS

ChatRoom

5B 6E 7F

12H 12I

11B Movie quiz 11J Quote, unquote

11G 11I

12L

12M

Activating background knowledge

How come? Nanny state Blurb Glamour Oscar Capital

Did you know? 15 50 82 91 100

Young adult literature, coming-of-age stories, Bildungsroman and New adult fiction

COURSE INTRO

Be there Back by popular demand!

Hands-on history Get to grips with ten centuries of history at the Tower of London. Dating back to the eleventh century, the Tower of London was constructed on the River Thames to strike fear into rebellious citizens and to deter any foreign invaders from attacking the city. Now it’s your chance to step back in time and get a real feel for the weapons of the age. New and enhanced interactive displays allow you to try on armour, draw a bow and handle a sword as you get first-hand experience of defence and attack over the centuries. It won’t cost you an arm and a leg either as the event is included in the price of your Tower of London admission ticket. ● Hands-on history opens on Saturday 7th June and runs until September 1st. Opening times: Tue–Sat 9am–6pm; Sun–Mon 10am–6pm.

Please note: All exhibits are replicas of actual weaponry. Beefeaters will be on hand to guarantee safety at all times and to ensure that parents keep their heads.

Get up, stand up

Recommended

Game for a laugh? Think you can crack jokes like a pro? Then why not come along to The Comedy Store workshop between June 6 and 13 and brush up your one-liners and punch lines. A variety of stand-up comedians will put your joke-telling skills to the test and give you a few pointers on how to have your audience in stitches. Each workshop will be rounded off with an open mike contest. Winners will receive a Comedy Store giggle bag of fun-filled freebies. Laughter compulsory. Heckling allowed. ● Workshops conducted daily between 10.00 and 14.00. Doors open at 9.00. Tickets will be on a first come, first served basis. Admission: £20 per head. Maximum number of participants per workshop: 30. Minimum age: sixteen. Address: Haymarket House, 1 Oxendon St, SW1. Nearest Tube: Piccadilly Circus.

Chelsea supporter? Got a ticket for June 7th’s match against Liverpool at Stamford Bridge? Why not go all out to support the Blues in style this Saturday. Chelsea players and management are calling on fans to help them build up an unbeatable atmosphere by creating a tifo mosaic and chanting the team’s slogan – VICTORY THROUGH HARMONY – in unison at designated times during the match. Suitable items to bring along include: flags and banners, balloons, jerseys, scarves, rattles and mascots – all in the home team strip of royal blue and white. Please arrive one hour before kick-off to practise and perfect the tifo under the guidance of our tifo trainers.

COURSE INTRO

Rhythm and the Blues

● Stamford Bridge Stadium is located in the west of London, approximately five miles from the city centre.

Beginners’ street dance class UTOPIA DANCE is holding a new street dance course in Trinity Square Gardens, Tower Hill every Tuesday and Thursday 7 pm to 8 pm, starting June 3rd. Improvise, socialise, energise! Get a bootylicious workout while learning the latest street dance and hiphop moves to a current urban soundtrack. Don’t fret if you don’t know your Robot from your King Tut. Our beginner-friendly choreographer, Dizzee Toze, will show you the steps. ● Warm-up starts at 6.30 pm sharp. Admission: five quid. Over sixty-fives free of charge. Note: Organizers reserve the right to cancel the event without prior notice in the event of rain. Would-be hip-hoppers are advised to check out the local weather forecast to avoid disappointment.

COURSE INTRO

Say what?

Text Wise

The following things were said by people attending one of the events. Which event did the person attend?

“Some of that stuff was really heavy. I could hardly lift it.”

“I’m glad the rain held off, aren’t you?”

“You know what, I think we performed better than the players.”

“I froze in front of everyone and my mind went blank.”

“I hope I can still shake my booty like that when I’m his age!”

“I had tears rolling down my cheeks!”

I get it!

Phrase Bank

The ads contain some colloquial and idiomatic expressions. Find phrases that mean the following. Hands-on history

to strike fear into sb

to make sb very afraid

..........................................................................

to be very expensive

..........................................................................

to remain calm

..........................................................................

Get up, stand up

to improve

..........................................................................

to make sb laugh a lot

..........................................................................

Rhythm and the Blues

to make every effort

..........................................................................

Beginners’ street dance class

five pounds

..........................................................................

not costing anything

..........................................................................

Chat Room

Which of these events would you like to attend the most? Why? Which of the events do you find the least interesting? Why?

Culture vulture

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 1 Multiculturalism

Kick Start

Discuss the questions below in pairs or groups.

To what extent do you agree with the following quote? “Everyone has a culture. Culture shapes how you see the world. Culture shapes you. Culture also shapes how you see others.”

How is your native culture changing? What changes have you seen in the last ten years? How do you feel about those changes?

If you could change one thing about your culture, what would it be and why?

What is your favourite part about your culture?

What culture would you like to learn more about?

What is culture shock? Have you ever experienced it? When? Where?

How do people learn the rules of how to act and how to think?

Can you think of something that almost everyone thinks is good or bad?

Look at the list of cultural features below. Discuss which of these you believe are different in the United States (or any other country that you want to compare) from the way they are in your native country. • Styles of clothes • Ways of greeting people • What values are important • Attitudes about personal space/privacy • What music everyone knows • Beliefs about what is fair/unfair • Where family members live • Beliefs about religion • What is polite/impolite behavior • Beliefs about males/females

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Multiculturalism Text 1

• Beliefs about how to raise children (children and teens) 10

What is multiculturalism and what challenges/benefits does it bring to an individual and to a country?

Text 1 Multiculturalism

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 1

Multiculturalism Below are four extracts on the topic of multi culturalism. Read them and briefly answer the questions in Swedish. Multiculturalism is sometimes taken to mean that different cultural communities should live their own ways of life in a self-contained manner. This is not its only meaning and in fact it has long been obsolete. Multiculturalism basically means that no culture is perfect or represents the best life and that it can 10 therefore benefit from a critical dialogue with other cultures. In this sense multiculturalism requires that all cultures should be open, self-critical, and interactive in their relations with other each other. 5

– Lord Parekh, professor of political philosophy, cited in BBC News 2004

1 Vad är multikulturalism enligt professor Lord Parekh? ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................

Cultural differences are visible at the workplace. Employees may have different views about, say, 20 punctuality, hygiene, temperament and how to approach certain topics of conversation. Religious views and traditions may also impose restrictions or procedural differences. For people who come from outside the Western cultural sphere, the Finnish way 25 of life may pose challenges. “In a multicultural work environment, matters such as dress and diet can pose a challenge for patients, for employees with different ethnic backgrounds, and for Finns in general. We should 30 remember that there are people who are Finnish born and bred but do not look like ethnic Finns at all.” – Hanna Aschan, quoted in an article by Salla Korpela on the website thisisFinland, December 2007 35

2 På vilket sätt kan kulturella skillnader ta sig uttryck på arbetsplatser? (3 saker) ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Multiculturalism Text 1

The Nordic Theory of Everything: In Search of a Better Life by Anu Partanen A Finnish journalist, now a naturalized American 40 citizen, asks Americans to draw on elements of the Nordic way of life to nurture a fairer, happier, more secure, and less stressful society for themselves and their children. Moving to America in 2008, Finnish journalist Anu Partanen quickly went 45 from confident, successful professional to wary, self-doubting mess. She found that navigating the basics of everyday life—from buying a cell phone and filing taxes to education and childcare—was much more complicated and stressful than anything 50 she encountered in her homeland. At first, she attributed her crippling anxiety to the difficulty of adapting to a freewheeling new culture. But as she got to know Americans better, she discovered they shared her deep apprehension. To understand why 55 life is so different in the U.S. and Finland, Partanen began to look closely at both. In The Nordic Theory of Everything, Partanen compares and contrasts life in the United States with life in the Nordic region, focusing on four key relationships—parents 60 and children, men and women, employees and employers, and government and citizens. She debunks criticism that Nordic countries are socialist “nanny states,” revealing instead that it is we Americans who are far more enmeshed in unhealthy 65 dependencies than we realize. – Marketing copy for Anu Partanens book The Nordic Theory of Everything

3 Varför började journalisten jämföra och studera USA och Finland och vilken myt tog hon kål på i 70 sin bok?

In 1971, Canada was the first country in the world to adopt multiculturalism as an official policy. Multiculturalism ensures that all citizens can keep their identities, can take pride in their ancestry 75 and have a sense of belonging. Acceptance gives Canadians a feeling of security and self-confidence, making them more open to, and accepting of, diverse cultures. The Canadian experience has shown that multiculturalism encourages racial and 80 ethnic harmony and cross-cultural understanding. Our diversity is a national asset. Recent advances in technology have made international communications more important than ever. Canadians who speak many languages and 85 understand many cultures make it easier for Canada to participate globally in areas of education, trade and diplomacy. – “Canadian Multiculturalism: An Inclusive Citizenship”, article on the website of the Government of Canada, 2012 90

4 Vilka fördelar med multikulturalism nämns i texten om Kanada? (3 saker)

............................................................

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 1 Multiculturalism

Phrase Bank

Find the following items in the text.

i själva verket

..............................................................................

att innebära utmaningar

..............................................................................

i allmänhet

..............................................................................

äkta finländare

..............................................................................

att klara av nödvändiga vardagliga saker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

de delade hennes djupa rädslor

..............................................................................

att vara stolta över sina anor

..............................................................................

interkulturell förståelse

..............................................................................

Word Power

Choose the best explanations for the parts in bold.

This is not its only meaning and in fact it has long been obsolete. (line 7) A not in use anymore and replaced by something newer B taken for granted

Multiculturalism means that no culture is perfect and can therefore benefit from a critical dialogue with other cultures. (line 10) A improve B stem

We should remember that there are people who are Finnish born and bred but do not look like ethnic Finns at all. (lines 30–31) A people who have adopted the Finnish way of life B people who were born and have grown up in Finland

She attributed her crippling anxiety to the difficulty of adapting to a freewheeling new culture. (lines 50–51) A She claimed that the reason for her paralysing worry was B She suspected that she was feeling somewhat worried because of

They shared her deep apprehension. (line 54) A were also very optimistic B were also very concerned

She debunks criticism that Nordic countries are socialist “nanny states”... (line 63) A governments that interfere too much in people’s personal decisions B governments that don’t provide enough social welfare

We Americans... are far more enmeshed in unhealthy dependencies than we realize. (line 64) A caught in a dangerous situation from which it’s difficult to escape B affected by

Our diversity is a national asset. (line 81) A a disadvantage for the whole country B beneficial for the whole country

HOW COME?

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Multiculturalism Text 1

Nanny state The term “nanny state” compares government to the role that a nanny has in caring for children. It implies that the government is trying to give too much advice or make too many laws about how people should live their lives, especially concerning eating, smoking, or drinking alcohol. Example: The government was accused of trying to create a nanny state when it announced its plan to ban fast food.

Note Pad

Write a brief text where you discuss the topic of multiculturalism. Include as many words as possible from below. You can use plural forms of the nouns, conjugate the verbs, and turn adjectives into adverbs.

ancestry

to adapt to

diverse

apprehension

to benefit from

enmeshed in

asset

to fail

obsolete

diversity

to pose

successful

pride

to reveal

wary

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 1 Multiculturalism

Chat Room

BRIDGING THE CULTURE GAP

Student A You and your partner both have the same ten statements connected with cultural habits and customs in various countries, but you each have different bits of information missing. Ask each other questions to complete your list of statements. The first question is given to start you off. Student B should turn to page 188.

If a Japanese person gives you their business card, you have to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

What do you have to do with a Japanese business card to show respect?

and study it carefully as a mark of respect. 2

Clocks are never given as gifts in China because they are associated with death.

A Bulgarian will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when saying yes, and nod when saying no.

In Egypt, it’s customary not to open a gift just when you receive it.

In the Middle East, you should avoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when eating.

In South Africa, the two birthdays which are celebrated the most are the 21st and the 40th.

In Argentina, you should avoid asking someone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . as it is considered bad manners.

Blowing your nose in public in Nepal is considered impolite.

In Britain, the word ‘cheers’ can be used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , and also to mean ‘thank you’ and ‘goodbye’.

It’s a very strong insult in Iraq if you throw your shoe at someone.

Kick Start

Sound Bite

Listen to the recording twice and then choose the correct alternatives.

What is said about bird spotters? A It’s a typically British thing. B They simply list all the bird species they encounter. C They are also called “anoraks” because of the clothes they usually wear.

What is said about plane spotters? A They do anything to see new airplane models. B They are obsessed with taking pictures of celebrities. C You might see them inside Heathrow Airport.

What is said about trainspotters? A They are on the lookout for majestic steam trains.

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

British cultural quirks Text Text 2 2 Multiculturalism

B Their obsession is easily understandable. C It’s difficult to grasp their fascination with modern trains.

Text 2 British cultural quirks

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 2

British Cultural Quirks You’ve probably already got wind of the fact that we Brits are a little eccentric. Perhaps it’s our notoriously variable weather that’s made us the way we are or our long and interesting history. Perhaps it’s the oddities of our language that you’ll have encountered if you’re learning English. Whatever the reason, it’s given us a great many cultural quirks that frequently take visitors by surprise. To help prepare you for these cultural oddities, here are some of the best (or should that be worst?). 1. Extreme queuing You may already have heard that we Brits are militant queuers, but the true extent of this national habit may still take you by surprise. We don’t just love queuing in shops. We’ll queue for anything: buses, events, ice cream vans – you name it. As George Mikes said, “An Englishman, even if he is alone, forms an orderly queue of one.” The great thing about queuing is that it totally alleviates the pushing and shoving you get in similar situations elsewhere. ‘Queue-jumpers’ are regarded with the utmost derision, and committing such a crime is highly unadvisable. 2. Our response to warm weather We get comparatively little good weather in the UK compared to many countries, and on the rare occasion we do get a spell of sunshine, the whole country completely changes in atmosphere. Even if the warm weather comes early in the year, when it’s still a little chilly, the nation immediately changes into shorts and flip-flops and gets the barbecue out.

3. Our response to wet weather Even though we don’t get a lot of good weather, we’re also not ones to let the weather dampen our spirits. On a rainy summer’s day at a British seaside resort you’ll find plenty of British holidaymakers pacing up the beach in their waterproof jackets, determined to enjoy their holiday come rain or shine. If we’ve planned a summer barbecue and it rains, the majority of guests are likely to take refuge indoors while one poor soul braves the outdoors to get the barbecue going in the rain.

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

British cultural quirks Text 2

4. Sitting next to each other (or not)

5. Cricket

In the UK, we’re generally quite a reserved bunch and won’t sit next to a stranger if we can avoid it. You may find that if you’re sitting on a bus or train, someone boarding the bus will sit in any other free set of double seats before sitting next to you, or may even prefer to stand. This is nothing personal against you – we just like our personal space.

It may be football that gains us more international sporting attention, but if there’s one game that’s quintessentially British, it’s cricket. The rules of cricket seem infinitely complex, but it really doesn’t matter whether you understand the rules or not. The point of cricket is to give one something to watch on a summer’s afternoon, preferably with scones and jam and some form of beverage.

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 2 British cultural quirks

6. Euphemisms galore

9. Tea

It can be frustrating, but we Brits don’t always say exactly what we mean. Because we don’t want to offend anyone, we have a tendency to mask our true feelings behind a host of euphemisms. If you’ve invited someone to come and join you and your friends for drinks and a British person says “I might join you later”, what they almost certainly really mean is that they have no intention of joining you; they just didn’t want to hurt your feelings by declining your invitation. We also understate things; for example, rather than saying “that’s good”, we’ll say “that’s not bad”. Confusing, isn’t it?

We Brits regard tea as the solver of all problems; the reflex action of many of us in the face of a crisis is to put the kettle on and ‘brew a cuppa’. There is, however, a fierce debate among Brits about the correct way to make a cup of tea (How much sugar? Does the milk go in before you remove the bag?), so if you happen to offer to make a British person a cup of tea during your stay, make sure you get exact instructions from them before you start.

7. Sorry Along similar lines to our often euphemistic way of speaking is our over-use of the word “sorry”, which we often use in situations other than when we’re making an apology. For example, somebody might say “sorry” to you when they’ve misheard you or as a means of getting your attention. “Sorry to bother you, but…” isn’t really an apology either. It’s just a way of being humble to preface the asking of a favour. 8. The War If you hear someone refer to “the War”, this is almost certainly the Second World War, which is viewed with particular nostalgia in the UK. There are still countless documentaries and dramas of this period being made and the music, images from the wartime recruitment and motivational posters are also still popular. The “Keep Calm and Carry On” one, for example, is ubiquitous in the UK at the moment and endlessly paraphrased.

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

British cultural quirks Text 2

10. Taps

11. The Chelsea Flower Show

In the UK, we’re quite backward when it comes to taps. Unlike the rest of Europe, we still prefer two separate taps; one for hot and one for cold. This arrangement is almost invariably annoying, because it means that the cold tap very quickly goes very cold indeed, and the hot tap very quickly scalds you. It would be so much easier for all of us if we were to opt for the mixer tap, like our European cousins, but unfortunately this has yet to catch on.

We love a good garden here in Britain. We’ll happily pay to go round the gardens of a stately home at the weekend, and in some circles there’s intense rivalry over who can achieve the greenest lawn or grow the biggest onions. The biggest gardening event is the Royal Horticultural Society’s Chelsea Flower Show, held each May in the grounds of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea. It’s a huge celebration that draws in hordes of Brits each year, with everyone from your next door neighbour to the Queen flocking to Chelsea to admire perfect examples of pretty much every kind of flower under the sun. Oxford Royale Academy, 5 June 2014 https://www.oxford-royale.co.uk/articles/british-cultural-quirks.html

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 2 British cultural quirks

Chat Room

Work in pairs or groups and discuss the questions below.

•

Have you been to the UK? Did you notice any of the cultural quirks that were mentioned in the text?

•

What “oddities” connected to culture have you experienced when abroad or when encountering other cultures at home? How did you react?

•

How can we avoid culture shocks and culture clashes, as individuals, but also as societies?

•

What are some Finnish cultural quirks that you might “warn” people about before visiting our country?

Phrase Bank

Find the following items in the text.

kanske ändå förvånar dig

..............................................................................

någon enstaka gång

..............................................................................

en kort stund solsken

..............................................................................

i ur och skur

..............................................................................

att söka skydd inomhus

..............................................................................

så brittiskt som det bara blir

..............................................................................

att dölja våra riktiga känslor

..............................................................................

de har ingen avsikt att göra dig sällskap

..............................................................................

genom att tacka nej till din inbjudan

..............................................................................

en het debatt

..............................................................................

när det gäller

..............................................................................

alla världens blommor

..............................................................................

Word Power

Match the words or phrases from the text with their correct synonyms or explanations. There are two words too many.

modest

.................................................

to hurt

.................................................

with a bad reputation

intention

preface

.................................................

offend

to make something less severe

.................................................

ubiquitous

to choose

.................................................

opt for

take refuge

wild

.................................................

avoid

purpose

.................................................

alleviate

to come across

.................................................

derision

to keep away from

scald

.................................................

encounter

ridicule, mockery

.................................................

fierce

to seek shelter

.................................................

notorious

something that is found everywhere

.................................................

humble

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

British cultural quirks Text 2

UNIT 1 – CULTURE VULTURE

Text 2 British cultural quirks

Word Power

Complete the text with words and phrases from the text.

Finnish culture is full of 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I’ve worked and spent a lot of time in Finland and been introduced to several customs

konstigheter

så finskt som det bara blir

överallt förekommande

and cultural quirks, but I have to admit that I’m still not sure what is

ökänt

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is it, for example, the sauna, ice hockey,

ofta

kort stund

föredrar

metal music and the 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . reserved people?

söka skydd

There are, however, a few things I’ve noticed.

trotsa

för att undvika

någon enstaka gång

I guess that’s because they have such short summers. Whenever

omskriver

there’s even the slightest 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of sunshine,

för att inte såra

när det gäller

utsträckning

salmiakki or the 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . moomins? Or is it rather

•

Finns 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . complain about the weather.

however, the Finns immediately take to the outdoors to fill up their vitamin D supply. •

Finns are tough. Even though many of them 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . warm weather, they don’t need to 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . indoors just because it’s cold. Some Finns will even 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . freezing temperatures and go for a swim in the middle of winter.

•

Finns enjoy silence. Whereas in some cultures people do anything 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . awkward silences, many Finns seem quite content to be quiet. I’ve also noticed that when they 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do speak, they tend to get straight to the point, unlike the Brits, for example, who overuse euphemisms, 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . everything and go to great lengths 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . anyone.

To sum up, 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finnishness, I feel I still have a lot to learn. I’ve gotten to know the culture and the people to some 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . but I have a feeling that what I’ve mentioned here is just scratching the surface.

Common abbreviations

Vanliga förkortningar

(sic)

så står det verkligen

AD AGM aka am anon AOB asap ATM Ave b BA B&B BBC BC BCE BSc btw BYO c / ca c/o cc CD CD-ROM CE CEO CET cf CIA CV dept DIY Dr DVD eg enc esp est et al etc EU FAQ FBI FYI GDP GMT GP HQ ICT ID ie

Inc IQ IT K Ltd m2 MA MBA MEP MIT MOT test MP mph Ms MSc N/A NATO NB no. OBE OECD OTT p.a. PA PC PhD PIN PISA pls pm PM pp PR PS PTO QED R&D R&R re RSVP SMS St UFO UN v / vs VAT VCR VIP viz wi-fi

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