Fully Framed Model Swan IV DJ 295.qxp
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THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL, RIGGING A SIXTH RATE SLOOP OF 1767-1780 Volume IV
David Antscherl
His principal activities at present are stage design, writing, teaching theater arts and fine arts, conserving paintings and other artifacts, and commissioned model making. In 2000 David won the Howard I. Chapelle Memorial Award and a Silver medal for Polyphemus at the Nautical Research Guild annual conference. As a result of meeting Greg write The Swan Class Practicum on which this book is based. SEAWATCHBOOKS LLC
David is an “empty-nester” with one daughter
19 Sea Watch Place, Florence, OR 97439 USA
and two stepchildren. He lives in Waterloo,
Phone (541) 997-4439 • Fax (541) 997-1282
Ontario with his wife Carol and friendly feline
E-mail: seawatchbooks@gmail.com • Web: www.seawatchbooks.com
Kit Kaboodle.
VOLUME IV
SEAWATCHBOOKS LLC
DAVID ANTSCHERL was born in London, England in 1944. When he was very young, his father took him to the annual Model Engineer Exhibitions. What he saw there inspired him and he became a life-long modeler. David’s first completed ship model was the Mayflower II, built while the prototype was being constructed in 1954 at Brixham, Devon. The teenaged David was encouraged by the National Maritime Museum’s Len Tucker to join a ship-modeling club. The youngest member of the Greenwich and District Ship Model Society, David received much encouragement from its members, and in 1962 won a bronze medal for his model of Nimble, a Revenue cutter of 1812.
DAVID ANTSCHERL
Herbert at that time, David was encouraged to
The Fully Framed Model, RIGGING A SIXTH RATE SLOOP OF 1767-1780
The Fully Framed Model, RIGGING A SIXTH RATE SLOOP OF 1767-1780 VOLUME IV
David immigrated to Canada in 1968, and began work on his model of Polyphemus. For many years David worked as a corporate
David Antscherl
graphic designer, but gradually took on increasing amounts of theatrical design work. (Continued on back flap)
THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL Rigging a sixth-rate sloop OF 1767-1780 VOLUME FOUR by David Antscherl with photographs & illustrations by the author
SeaWatch Books LLC
THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL Rigging a sixth-rate sloop OF 1767-1780 VOLUME FOUR by David Antscherl with photographs & illustrations by the author
An illustrated guide to masting and rigging a British naval sloop of the 1770’s. Following the instructions step by step, the experienced model-maker may use this book as a primer for rigging models of most square-rigged naval vessels of the 1760-1800 time period.
Published by SeaWatch Books LLC
© David Antscherl 2010. All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the publishers.
Published and distributed by SeaWatchBooks LLC 2040 Milburn Ave., Suite 102 #109 Maplewood, NJ 07040Web: www.seawatchbooks.com Email: info@seawatchbooks.com Tel: 201 292 4262 ISBN 978-0-9820579-8-8 Manufactured in The United States of America
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
Drafting a typical mast Drafting a typical yard Preparing to make masts & spars
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
5 11 12
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
Making a lower mast spindle Lower mast cheeks Lower mast head Bibs Wooldings Standing rigging color Woolding hoops Lower mast caps Lower mast trestle trees Lower mast cross trees Chocks Bolsters Mast head battens Fore and main topmasts Mizzen topmast Topmast caps Topmast trestle & cross trees Topgallant masts Mast trucks Bowsprit Bees Bowsprit woolding Jibboom saddle Spritsail yard sling cleat Bowsprit cap Bowsprit running rigging saddle Gammoning cleats Finishing the bowsprit Jibboom Addendum to hull fittings
15 16 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 20 20 20 20 21 24 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 29 29 30 30
Ropewalk Materials for spinning rope Anatomy of rope Laying right-hand rope Laying left-hand cable Lower mast standing rigging Bowsprit gammoning Preparing bowsprit collars Inner bobstay collar and heart Serving lines Inner bobstay collar, continued Bowsprit shroud collars Fore stay collar Outer bobstay collar Fore stay preventer collar Bowsprit horses Thimbles Bobstays Bowsprit shrouds Fore tack blocks Boomkin shrouds Burton pendants Mizzen shrouds Fore and main shrouds Mizzen stay Mizzen stay collar Main stay collar Main stay Main preventer stay collar Main preventer stay Fore stay Fore preventer stay Futtock staves
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 39 40 41 42 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 46 50 50 52 52 52 53 53 54 54 55
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THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL, THE HMN SWAN CLASS SLOOPS 1767-1780 VOLUME FOUR
Ratlines 55 Catharpins 56 Futtock plates 57 Tops 58 Buntline blocks 63 Leechline blocks 64 Spritsail yard brace blocks 64 Futtock shrouds 64 Euphroes 65 Euphroe tackle 65 Crowsfeet 67 CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Burton pendants Fore and main topmast shrouds Mizzen topmast shrouds Sister blocks Topmast futtock staves Topmast ratlines Fore and main topmast backstays Mizzen topmast stay Main topmast preventer stay Main topmast preventer stay collar Main topmast preventer stay tackle Jibboom crupper Fore topmast stay Fore topmast preventer stay
69 69 70 70 70 70 71 71 73 73 74 75 76 77
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
Jib traveler Bowsprit horses Fore topmast staysail netting Jibboom horses Main topgallant shrouds Main topgallant backstay Fore topgallant shrouds Fore topgallant backstay Main topgallant stay Main topgallant stay span Jibboom guy pendants Fore topgallant stay & bowline collar
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79 80 80 81 82 82 83 83 83 84 84 84
Spritsail yard lift collar Fore topgallant stay Sprit topsail bowline collar
85 85 86
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
Spritsail yard 87 Spritsail yard halliard block & strop 88 Spritsail halliard 88 Spritsail yard clueline blocks 88 Jib guy pendant thimbles & strops 89 Spritsail yard stirrups 89 Spritsail yard horses 89 Spritsail yard standing lift 90 Spritsail yard slings 90 Spritsail yard lifts 91 Spritsail yard brace pendants 91 Spritsail yard braces 91 Jib guy falls 92 Jib stay 92 Fore yard 93 Main yard 93 Studdingsail irons 93 Blocks for the fore yard 95 Blocks for the main yard 95 Lower yard stirrups and horses 98 Lower yard tackle pendants & blocks 98 Topsail sheet & lower yard lift blocks 98 Lower yard truss pendants 99 Fitting studdingsail irons 99 Lower yard studdingsail booms 99 Crossing lower yards 100 Lower yard jeer tye blocks 100 Lower yard jeer tye block strops 100 Lower yard jeer tyes and tackle 102 Faking down 103 Truss pendant tackle 104 Nave lines 104 Lower yard slings 104 Lower yard lifts 105 Cross-jack yard fittings 106 Cross-jack yard slings 107 Cross-jack yard truss 108
CONTENTS
Cross-jack yard lifts 108 Main stay tackles 108 Lower yard tackle falls 109 Outer tricing lines 110 Inner tricing lines 111 Fore yard braces 111 Main yard braces 111 Cross-jack yard braces 112 Gaff: preparatory work 112 Gaff brail blocks 113 Peak halliard block 113 Throat halliard blocks 113 Gaff parrel 113 Gaff throat halliard 114 Gaff peak halliard 114 Mizzen topsail yard brace blocks 114 Ensign halliard block 114 CHAPTER NINETEEN
Mizzen topsail yard 115 Mizzen topsail yard horses 115 Mizzen topsail yard sheet blocks 115 Mizzen topsail yard clueline blocks 116 Mizzen topsail yard brace pendants 116 Mizzen topsail yard truss parrel 116 Mizzen topsail yard tye & halliard 116 Mizzen topsail yard lift blocks 117 Mizzen topsail yard lifts 117 Mizzen topsail yard braces 118 Vangs 118 Ensign halliards 118 Ensign 119 Jack 119 Fore topsail yard 122 Main topsail yard 122 Fore topsail yard tye block 122 Main topsail yard tye block 122 Fore topsail yard buntline blocks 122 Main topsail yard buntline blocks 122 Fore topgallant sheet blocks 123 Main topgallant sheet blocks 123 Fore topsail clueline blocks 123
Main topsail clueline blocks 123 Fore topsail yard stirrups & horses 123 Main topsail yard stirrups & horses 123 Fore topsail yard brace pendants 123 Main topsail yard brace pendants 123 Fore topsail yard lift blocks 123 Main topsail yard lift blocks 123 Topsail yard boom irons 123 Flemish horses 124 Upper studdingsail booms 124 Fore topsail yard tyes 124 Main topsail yard tyes 124 Fore topsail yard tye falls 125 Main topsail yard tye falls 125 Fore topsail yard parrels 126 Main topsail yard parrels 126 Fore topsail yard lifts 127 Main topsail yard lifts 127 Main topsail yard braces 128 Fore topsail yard braces 129 CHAPTER TWENTY
Topgallant yard clueline blocks 131 Topgallant yard jewel blocks 131 Topgallant yard horses 131 Topgallant yard tyes 132 Topgallant yard parrels 132 Topgallant yard tye halliards 133 Fore topgallant yard braces 133 Main topgallant yard braces 134 Shroud cleats 134 Fore topgallant yard lifts 135 Main topgallant yard lifts 135 Mast trucks 135
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
Fish davit 137 Fish tackle block 137 Fish tackle hook and pendant 138 Fish tackle 138
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THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL, THE HMN SWAN CLASS SLOOPS 1767-1780 VOLUME FOUR
Fish back 139 Cat blocks 139 Cat falls 140 Cat backs 140 Anchor stowage 140 Bower anchor stowage 141 Kedge anchor stowage 141 Nun buoy 141 Shank painter chains and ropes 143 Entering ropes 143 Stern ladders 144
Fore topsail cluelines 159 Fore topsail leechlines 159 Fore topsail buntlines 159 Fore topsail bowlines and bridles 159 Fore topsail sheets 159 Fore topsail reef tackles 160 Mizzen topsail 160 Mizzen topsail cluelines 161 Mizzen topsail buntlines 161 Mizzen topsail bowlines and bridles 161 Mizzen topsail sheets 161
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR
Main course 145 Reef points 148 Head earings 149 Lacings or rope bands 149 Gaskets 149 Main course cluelines or cluegarnets 150 Main course leechlines 150 Main course buntlines 151 Main course bowlines and bridles 151 Main sheet 151 Main tack 152 Fore course 152 Fore course cluelines or cluegarnets 152 Fore course leechlines 153 Fore course buntlines 153 Fore course bowlines and bridles 153 Fore sheet 154 Fore tack 154
Main topgallant sail 163 Main topgallant cluelines 164 Main topgallant bowlines and bridles 164 Main topgallant sheets 164 Fore topgallant sail 164 Fore topgallant cluelines 165 Fore topgallant bowlines and bridles 165 Spritsail 165 Spritsail cluelines 166 Spritsail buntlines 166 Spritsail sheets 167 Lower studdingsail rigging 167 Main lower stunsails 168 Fore lower stunsails 168 Stunsail robands and earings 169 Stunsail inner halliards 169 Stunsail sheets 170 Stunsail tack blocks and tacks 170 Main topmast stunsails 170 Fore topmast stunsails 171 Topmast stunsail halliards 172 Topmast stunsail sheets 172 Topmast stunsail tacks 172 Topgallant stunsails 172
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE
Main topsail 155 Main topsail cluelines 157 Main topsail leechlines 157 Main topsail buntlines 158 Main topsail bowlines and bridles 158 Main topsail sheets 158 Main topsail reef tackles 158 Fore topsail 159
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE
Jibsail 173 Jibsail halliard 175
CONTENTS
Jibsail sheets 176 Jibsail outhaul 176 Jibsail downhaul 176 Fore topmast staysail 176 Fore topmast staysail stay 178 Fore topmast staysail halliard 178 Fore topmast staysail sheets 179 Fore topmast staysail downhaul 179 Fore staysail 179 Fore staysail halliard 179 Fore staysail sheets 179 Fore staysail downhaul 180 Fore staysail tack 180 Main staysail stay 180 Main staysail 180 Main staysail halliard 180 Main staysail sheets 181 Main staysail downhaul 181 Main staysail tack 181 Middle staysail 181 Main topmast staysail 182 Main topmast staysail halliard 182 Main topmast staysail sheets 182 Main topmast staysail downhaul 182 Main topmast staysail tack 184 Main topmast staysail brails 184 Main topgallant staysail 184 Main topgallant staysail stay 185 Main topgallant staysail halliard 185 Main topgallant staysail sheets 185
Main topgallant staysail downhaul Main topgallant staysail tacks Mizzen staysail Mizzen staysail stay Mizzen staysail halliard Mizzen staysail sheets Mizzen staysail downhaul Mizzen staysail tacks Mizzen staysail brails Mizzen topmast staysail Mizzen topmast staysail halliard Mizzen topmast staysail sheets Mizzen topmast staysail downhaul Mizzen topmast staysail tacks Mizzen sail or mizzen course Mizzen sail earings Mizzen sail lacing to the gaff Mizzen sail tack Mizzen sail sheets Mizzen sail brails
185 185 186 186 186 186 187 187 187 187 188 188 188 188 189 190 191 191 191 191
CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX
Rudder pendants 193 Anchor cables 193 Cable stoppers 194 INDEX 197 Color photographs
207
All photographs in this book are of the author’s model of Resolution, 1772-3. This model was built at a scale of 1:48 for a private collection between 2003 and 2010.
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THE FULLY FRAMED MODEL, THE HMN SWAN CLASS SLOOPS 1767-1780 VOLUME FOUR
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FOREWORD
F OR EWOR D
V
olume IV of the Swan series of books marks a major accomplishment. David Antscherl has created a body of work in this book that is both a conclusion to the entire Swan project as well as a major stand-alone book on the art and practice of masting, rigging and providing sails for an eighteenth century model. But first, a little background on the history of this immense project that has stretched over ten years. The collaboration between David Antscherl and Greg Herbert has resulted in the publication of four books on the Swan Class Sloops of 1767-1780, a full set of plans for one of the ships, Pegasus, a subscription practicum and available fittings packages, as well as a continuing series of handson seminars. And, all of this began innocently enough with a conversation between the two men at a Nautical Research Guild annual meeting. The concept that was created from that meeting is easily stated: Could a master modeler and draftsman, David Antscherl, teach and mentor a relative newcomer, Greg Herbert, how to build an accurate plank on frame model of an eighteenth century ship? The answer to the question, as shown in the pictures of Greg’s completed model in Volume III is a resounding “yes”! The model was to be built in an upright manner, mirroring the methods used by the original shipwrights. This modeling technique was a next logical step in the recent progression of plank on frame modeling reintroduced with Harold Hahn’s stylized inverted jig method. Once the project was started, teacher and student worked hand-in-hand so that David’s instructions and plans were tested, put into practice, and revised before being finalized. The archaic practices of shipwrights of the period melded with modern technology as hundreds of e-mails and files passed back and forth and, once the work was completed, all four volumes were digitally transmitted for final production into books. Today ship modelers have a treasure trove of sources in the form of books, plans, electronic media and internet sources to aid them in their work. It is a far cry from when I started to build ship models fifty years ago. In those days, there was very little instructional material available. I am very glad to have played a part in filling that void. I believe that David’s work in creating and authoring three of the four volumes of the Swan series will provide inspiration, guidance and instruction for all levels of ship modelers for many generations to come. Well done, David! Bob Friedman, Florence, OR
July 2010
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