Vol. 62 No. 2 | Thursday, January 13, 2022 by SD Voice & Viewpoint

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Vol. 62 No. 2 | Thursday, January 13, 2022

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Serving San Diego County’s African & African American Communities 62 Years

Local Residents Share What ROADS AND REPARATIONS: $2.7 Billion for COVID Response; They Are Thankful For in 2022 How Highway Construction GOV. NEWSOM PROPOSES

Activates National Guard

The year 2021 was particu larly stressful for many peo ple, for obvious reasons, and for some not so obvious rea sons. Loved ones passed away, jobs were lost while others thought it best to just walk away. We witnessed a cata strophic government event and got lost in silly videos to take our minds off our daily struggle to keep the virus from crossing the threshold of our safe place: home.

Photo: Courtesy of CBM

By Aldon Thomas Stiles California Black Media

asking lawmakers to take action on it immediately.

On Jan. 8, Gov. Gavin New som announced he is propos ing a $2.7 billion investment to boost the state’s COVID19 response efforts. The request is included in the state budget Gov. Newsom is sending to the State Legislature this week. He is

The emergency response package includes money for more testing, more vacci nations, including boosters, and support for healthcare professionals.

See NEWSOM page 2

Hardened Discrimination

By Conita Butts Contributing Writer

We wanted to talk to a few people about why they are thankful. We hope that you find an encouraging word, if you need it. I am thankful for my daughter Nyelah. She has been the best blessing I have ever received. I was 20 when I had her and she has changed my life around. She makes me want

Pictured here: Amaya Ford (right) and her daughter, Ny. Photo: Conita Butts

to accomplish so many goals and dreams, so I can show her that no matter who she is, she can accomplish anything. I have become a stronger, better, passionate woman because of Nyelah. Being a mother to her is easy, because she is the smartest, sweetest, most caring little girl in the world. I am thankful for being able to be her mother. ~ Amaya Ford See THANKFUL page 23

Photos: Antonio Ray Harvey/California Black Media

By Antonio Ray Harvey California Black Media Last month, the California Task Force to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans heard expert accounts explaining how the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 affected residential communities of color in the state. In the last two-day meet

ing of 2021, the nine-member commission invited guests to help them determine how money from President Biden’s $1 trillion Infrastructure plan, passed into law in Nov ember, could be spent to compensate Black Americans for federal and state govern ment decisions that nega tively impacted them. See HIGHWAY page 2

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SPECIAL EDITION

Thursday, January 13, 2022 • The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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ARTICLE CONTINUATION Newsom: Continued from cover

“From day one, California has taken swift and direct action to battle COVID-19 with policies that have saved tens of thousands of lives, but there’s more work to be done,” Newsom said. “Our prop os ed C OVID-19 Emergency Response Package will support our testing capacity, accelerate vaccination and booster efforts, support frontline workers and health care systems and battle misinformation, with a focus on the hardest-hit communities,” the governor added. Michelle Gibbons, Executive Director of the County Health Executives Association of Califor

Highway: Continued from cover

Deborah N. Archer, a professor of clinical law and co-faculty director of the Center on Race, Inequality, and the Law at New York University School of Law, testified. She said the massive federal government highway construction program became a “new system of White supremacy” that sustained “slavery’s legacy.” “The transportation infrastructure has always been a driver of racial inequality,” Archer told the task force. “The benefits and burdens of our transportation system, from highways to roads, bridges, sidewalks, and public transportation have been

nia, said the new influx of cash comes at a “pivotal time” when the state and country are confronting a new surge in Omicron variant cases. Currently, California has a positivity rate of 21.7%, according to the California Department of Public Health. Omicron variant infections account for 80 % of those cases. And over the last seven days, there has been an average of 124.5 cases per 100,000 people. “We commend the Governor for taking these decisive actions to help protect the health and well-being of local communities through the expansion of vaccines, testing, and booster shots and efforts to combat misinformation that has caused unnecessary deaths and illness, Gibbons said. “These actions will ultimately help save

planned, developed, and sustained to pull resources from Black communities. Resources that were redeployed (and) invested to the benefit of predominately White communities.” Archer, who is also the president of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and a leading expert in civil rights, civil liberties, and racial justice, pointed out that Black communities across the nation and in California have always been “sacrificed” when cities, state or the federal government undertakes transportation infrastructure development projects. There is a growing body of documented evidence, empirical and anecdotal, that confirms how American cities have historically isolated

lives, which remains a top priority for local public health. This weekend, Gov. Newsom also deployed 200 California National Guardsman at testing sites to assist with the state’s response. “California is deploying the National Guard to testing sites to help expand capacity. If you’re feeling sick, don’t hesitate to get tested,” Newsom tweeted. Last Monday, the FDA approved booster eligibility for children ages 12 to 15. Newsom expressed support for this expansion on Twitter. “Great news - more protection for more people. Boosters are our best defense against Omicron. If you’re eligible, get yours today,” the

Black communities by the placement of railroad tracks, mandated African Americans to sit in the rear of public buses, and denied them accommodations in restaurants, restrooms, and seating areas at transportation hubs. Planning of the highway system Americans use today, which began in the 1950s, “was often motivated by racism and placed little value on Black lives or Black families,” she said. “Although our transportation is no longer marked by the kind of explicit racist division that we saw in the past, it continues to entrench racial segregation and limit access to jobs, health, and opportunities,” Archer said. “Safe, accessible, and reliable infrastructure is dispro-

California governor tweeted. As people experience COVID19 home test kit shortages across California, the state has announced plans to remedy the situation. “California is expanding access to testing for students by providing 1–2 rapid tests for each K–12 public school student to keep our schools safe and open,” tweeted Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, Surgeon General of California. Harris emphasized that, “Testing is a critical part of California’s pandemic response and a key reason our cumulative COVID-19 death rate is the lowest of the large states.” Newsom’s office said the tests are already on their way. “More tests are enroute for

portionately built-in White neighborhoods, connecting those residents to opportunities while Black communities continue to suffer from underdevelopment.” The Federal-Aid Highway Act created 41,000 miles of highways that replaced unsafe roads and poorly designed routes, as well as eradicated traffic congestions, and other obstacles that impeded safe, travel across the country. Archer said that the U.S. Transportation Department estimates that, between 1957 and 1977, nearly 480,000 households across the country were forced out to accommodate the highway construction, which started under the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration. Most of the people displaced resided in urban communities with low incomes and high concentrations of people of color. Black people lost homes, businesses, and significant economic potential to create generational wealth. Poor air quality resulting from the construction also decimated their property value. The highway system, when it was completed in the 1970s, “fundamentally restructured urban America in almost every region in the country,” Archer testified. It contributed to the low access to resources that is still common in some Black and Brown communities in San Diego, Los Angeles, Oakland, Sacramento, Fresno, and other California cities. In Los Angeles, for example, Interstate 10 (I-10), the Santa Monica Freeway, sliced the landscape of the predominantly African American “Sugar Hill” section of the West Adams neighborhood to make way for a 10-lane freeway. Sugar Hill was a wealthy enclave where several fa mous Black people lived, including entertainers Ray Charles, Hattie McDaniel, Little Richard and Lionel Hampton. The area boasted historical buildings and stately mansions. Oakland was severely impacted by the design of the federal highway system, according to an August 2016 article published by Entropy, a website that features essays, interviews, poetry, literature and other forms of creative and journalistic writing. Interstate 880 separates downtown Oakland from the Black neighborhoods of West Oakland. The construction of the highway system encircled (and isolated) West Oakland by placing I-880 on the south and west, I-580 on the north,

California’s students! These at-home test kits arrived last night at our warehouse and will immediately be sent to counties for distribution through county offices of education,” Newsom’s office tweeted. The California County Super intendents Educational Services Association (CCSESA) responded to this claim with anticipation. “Great news! Our county offices are ready to have the torch passed so we can get these important test kits out to our students,” The California County Superintendents Educational Services Asso c iation (CCSESA) tweeted. “We pledged to help keep schools open and having these kits distributed quickly is another way our county office teams are stepping up to make this happen.”

and I-980 on the east, Entropy reported. By the highway engineers’ design, all the freeways make a beeline to the Bay Bridge, which leads into San Francisco, at the expense of the Black communities they wrap around. The first sign of the new highways’ destruction of West Oakland was in 1960. About 400-plus homes in West Oakland were demolished to build a U.S. Postal Service distribution center. Black residents were forced out the area, many taking with them culture, businesses, and wealth. In Sacramento, I-5, Highway 50, and Highway 99 cut through the city, forming barriers between historic Black and Brown neighborhoods and predominantly White areas. On the southeast of the city, Highway 99, constructed in the 1960s, separated the once-predominantly Black Oak Park neighborhood from Curtis Park, which is adjacent and mostly White residents. Fresno’s east and west sides were also racially divided by Highway 99 in the 1960s. About two dozen residential properties occupied by Black people were torn down on the West Side to accommodate the construction, Archer said. Today, Fresno has a city population of over 520,000, with Black people consisting of 8% of its residents. At least 42 cities across the country were affected by massive highway construction projects. “Virtually every state has a story about a highway destroying a Black community. Of course, this includes all of California, where through the 1940s to the 1960s, the selection of routes for major transportation corridors in cities like Los Angeles, Fresno, and Oakland had a direct and devastating impact on Black communities,” Archer said. The Biden Administration has set aside $1 billion for its “Reconnecting Com munities” plan to improve the country’s transportation system with equity in mind, U.S. Department of Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said in November.

ent from other infrastructure plans is the built-in provision that allows states to use these funds to correct any racial inequities that were used to harm Black communities,” Moore said. “Through Biden’s plan (the task force) would like to look at ways we can repair Black California.”

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Dr. John E. Warren Publisher Emeritus

Gerri Warren (1987 - 2009)

The racial practice to push neighborhoods into poverty should be remedied, he added. The members of the Task Force are looking at recommendations it can “communicate” to officials “to fix any infrastructure needs” concerning communities of colors, said Task Force Chair Kamilah Moore. “What makes this plan differ-

Managing Editor

Latanya West

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Returning violence for violence multiplies violence, adding deeper darkness to a night already devoid of stars. ~ MLK

Why We Celebrate the Life of

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Photos & captions courtesy of “King, The Photobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr” by Charles Johnson & Bob Adelman

Dr. John E. Warren

Publisher

anuary 15, 2022 marks the 93rd birthday of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. While we celebrate his birthday, we also remember that he was assassinated 54 years ago this April. The further we move from his life, and for those of us who either knew or personally experienced his struggle, the more important it becomes to provide these factual printed excerpts from “trusted messengers” like the Black Press. In reality, we have an entire generation with social media posts of Dr. King, giving abbreviated glimpses of the man and his contributions. We have streets, buildings, and monuments named after him, but little knowledge of the man himself. Because there was much more to Dr. King than “I Have a Dream”, we are publishing in their entirety some of his messages here in this special “commemorative” issue providing some insight into the life of Dr. King, the man.

“the laws of God.” The March on Washington, D.C. on August 28th, 1963 was a march for jobs and freedom. Dr. King and the 250,000 plus who joined him intended to redeem what he called a “check” that America had issued to the poor and jobless. That check had been returned, marked “insufficient funds”. The “Dream” was never a substitute for the bounced check. It was to be the product of the check, had it, in fact, been “redeemed”. This issue, like those appearing in a number of African American publications this week, is intended to provide more information on Dr. King, particularly for those born 54 years after his death. The pictures, stories, articles, and excerpts from some of his speeches are meant to add an understanding of Martin Luther King, Jr. The man, not the myth.

Dr. King believed that” the laws of man” never outweighed

In the midst of the pandemic, it is our hope that this issue

will be retained as a point of reference for years to come. To that end, it will also be available for viewing online, but not for download. We deeply thank those who have placed ads in this issue making it possible for us to reach our children, churches, schools, and the general community as we celebrate and remember the man. For a compelling view of one of the greatest speeches ever given in receipt of the Nobel Peace Prize, we urge you to go to YouTube and view Dr. Martin Luther King’s Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech in Oslo, Norway on December 10, 1964. In conclusion, let us remember that Dr. King is the only private citizen in the history of this country to have both a National Holiday in his honor and a monument on the National Mall. It is still up to us to make the dream and the sacrifice of the man a reality.

Thursday, January 13, 2022 • The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s

Biographical Overview The Martin Luther King Jr. Center

uring the less than 13 years of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s leadership of the modern American Civil Rights Movement, from December, 1955 until April 4, 1968, African Americans achieved more genuine progress toward racial equality than the previous 350 years had produced. Dr. King is widely regarded as America’s preeminent advocate of nonviolence and one of the greatest nonviolent leaders in world history. Drawing inspiration from both his Christian faith and the peaceful teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, Dr. King led a nonviolent movement in the late 1950’s and ‘60s to achieve legal equality for AfricanAmericans in the United States. While others were advocating for freedom by “any means necessary,” including violence, Martin Luther King, Jr. used the power of words and acts of nonviolent resistance, such as protests and grassroots organizing, to achieve seemingly-impossible goals. He went on to lead similar campaigns against poverty and international conflict, always maintaining fidelity to his principles that men and women everywhere, regardless of color or creed, are equal members of the human family.

Some Of Dr. King’s Most Important Achievements Include: In 1955, he was recruited to serve as spokesman for the Montgomery Bus Boycott, which was a campaign by the AfricanAmerican population of Montgomery, Alabama to force integration of the city’s bus lines. After 381 days of nearly universal participation by the black community, many of whom had to walk miles to work each day as a result, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in transportation was unconstitutional. In 1957, Dr. King was elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Con ference (SCLC), an organization meant to provide new leadership for the now bur-

www.thekingcenter.org geoning civil rights movement. He would serve as head of the SCLC until his assassination in 1968, a period during which he would emerge as the most important social leader of the modern American civil rights movement.

in-law became Ebenezer Baptist Church’s new pastor and gradually established himself as a major figure in state and national Baptist groups. The elder King began referring to himself (and later to his son) as Martin Luther King.

Boston-area-churches and at Ebenezer, where he assisted his father during school vacations.

In 1963, he led a coalition of numerous civil rights groups in a nonviolent campaign aimed at Birmingham, Alabama, which at the time was described as the “most segregated city in America.”

During his undergraduate years at Atlanta’s Morehouse College (1944 to 1948), King gradually overcame his initial reluctance to accept his inherited calling. Morehouse President Benjamin E. Mays influenced King’s spiritual development, encouraging him to view Christianity as a potential force for progressive social change. He was ordained during his final semester at Morehouse, and by this time King had also taken his first steps toward political activism. He had responded to the postwar wave of anti-black violence by proclaiming in a letter to the editor of the Atlanta Constitution that African Americans were “entitled to the basic rights and opportunities of American citizens”. During his senior year King joined the Intercollegiate Council, an interracial student discussion group that met monthly at Atlanta’s Emory University.

Although he considered pursuing an academic career, King decided in 1954 to accept an offer to become the pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. In December 1955, when Montgomery’s black leaders, such as Jo Ann Robinson, E.D. Nixon, and Ralph Abernathy formed the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) to protest the arrest of NAACP official Rosa Park for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man, they selected King to head the new group.

Birth & Family Born at noon on Tuesday, January 15, 1929 at the family home in Atlanta, Martin Luther King, Jr. was the first son and second child born to the Reverend Martin Luther King, Sr. and Alberta Williams King. Also born to the Kings were Christine, now Mrs. Isaac Farris, Sr., and the Reverend Alfred Daniel Williams King, now deceased. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s maternal grandparents were the Reverend Adam Daniel Williams, second pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, and Jenny Parks Williams. His paternal grandparents were James Albert and Delia King, sharecroppers on a farm in Stockbridge, Georgia. He married Coretta Scott, the younger daughter of Obadiah and Bernice McMurry Scott of Marion, Alabama, on June 18, 1953. The marriage ceremony took place on the lawn of the Scott’s home in Marion, Alabama. The Rev. King, Sr. performed the service.

Upbringing & Studies The son, grandson, and great-grandson of Baptist ministers, Martin Luther King Jr., named Michael King at birth, spent his first twelve years in the Auburn Avenue home that his parents, the Reverend Michael King and Alberta Williams King, shared with his maternal grandparents, the Adam Daniel Williams and Jeannie Celeste Williams. After Rev. Williams’ death in 1931, his son-

The San Diego County Water Authority and its 24 member agencies are proud to celebrate the work and life of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. We join his vision for a brighter tomorrow through our commitment to building an inclusive work force, expanding contracting opportunities for small businesses, and ensuring a safe and reliable water supply for our communities. Visit us at sdcwa.org

After leaving Morehouse, King increased his understanding of progressive Christian thought while attending Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania from 1948 to 1951. Initially uncritical of liberal theology, he gradually moved toward Reinhold Niebuhr’s neo-orthodoxy, which emphasized the intractability of social evil. Even as he continued to question and modify his own religious beliefs, he compiled an outstanding academic record and graduated at the top of his class. In 1951 King began doctoral studies in systematic theology at Boston University’s School of Theology. By the time he completed his doctoral studies in 1955, King had refined his exceptional ability to draw upon a wide range of theological and philosophical texts to express his views with force and precision. His ability to infuse his oratory with borrowed theological insights became evident in his expanding preaching activities in

“We must use time creatively, in the knowledge that the time is always ripe to do right.” -Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

The Bus Boycott Sparks A Movement

In his role as the primary spokesman of the year-long Montgomery bus boycott, King utilized the leadership abilities he had gained from his religious background and academic training to forge a distinctive protest strategy that involved the mobilization of black churches and skillful appeals for white support. With the encouragement of Bayard Rustin, Glenn Smiley, William Stuart Nelson and other veteran pacifists, King also became a firm advocate of Mohandas Gandhi’s precepts of nonviolence, which he combined with Christian social gospel ideas. In his last book, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?, King dismissed the claim of Black Power advocates “to be the most revolutionary wing of the social revolution taking place in the United States,” but he acknowledged that they responded to a psychological need among African Americans he had not previously addressed. “Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery,” King wrote. “The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.”

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter. ~ MLK

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s

Speech Excerpts I Have a Dream Delivered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1963

We have also come to this hallowed spot In a sense we have come to our nation’s to remind America of the fierce urgency capital to cash a check. When the archiof now. This is no time to engage in the tects of our republic wrote the magluxury of cooling off or to take the trannificent words of the Constitution and quilizing drug of gradualism...Now is the the Declaration of Independence, they time to lift our nation from the quickwere signing a promissory note to which sands of racial injustice to the solid rock every American was to fall heir. This of brotherhood... note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not life, liberty, and the pass until there is an invigopursuit of happirating autumn of freedom and ness. It is obvious America has given equality. Nineteen sixtythree is today that America the Negro people not an end, but a beginning... has defaulted on a bad check which this promissor y Those who hope that the Negro has come back note insofar as her needed to blow off steam and marked “insufficient citizens of color are will now be content will have funds.” But we concerned. Instead a rude awakening if the nation refuse to believe returns to business as usual... of honoring this The whirlwinds of revolt will that the bank of sacred obligation, continue to shake the foundajustice is bankrupt. America has given tions of our nation until the the Negro people a ~ MLK bright day of justice emerges…. bad check which has come back marked In the process...we must for“insufficient funds.” ever conduct our struggle on But we refuse to believe that the bank of the high plane of dignity and justice is bankrupt. discipline…Again and again we must rise to the majestic We refuse to believe that there are insufheights of meeting physical force with soul force... ficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to Many of our white cash this check - a check that will give us, brothers, as evidenced upon demand, the riches of freedom and by their presence here the security of justice. today, have come to SOURCES: The Martin Luther King, Jr. Center, CivilRightsLibrary.com, DrMartinlLtherKingJr.com.

realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone… There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” ...We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no,... we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. I have a dream today...

Give Us the Ballot Delivered at the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom gathering at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.

All types of conniving methods are still being used to prevent Negroes from becoming registered voters. The denial of this sacred right is a tragic betrayal of the highest mandates of our democratic tradition. Give us the ballot and we will no longer have to worry the federal government about our basic rights... Give us the ballot and we will no longer plead to the federal government for passage of an anti-lynching law... Give us the ballot and we will fill our legislative halls with men of good will... Give us the ballot and we will place judges on the benches of the South who will do justly and love mercy... Give us the ballot and we will quietly and nonviolently, without rancor or bitterness, implement the Supreme Court’s decision of May 17, 1954...

Give us the ballot, and we will transform the salient misdeeds of bloodthirsty mobs into the calculated good deeds of orderly citizens. ~ MLK

Continued on page 8

Thursday, January 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Major Events in Dr. King’s Life (1929-1968)

The well-off and the secure have too often become indifferent to the poverty and deprivation in their midst. ~ MLK

January 3 King is named Time Magazine’s “Man of the Year.”

January 18

June 5

June 11

In this 1963 photo, Martin Luther King Jr. addresses marchers during his “I Have a Dream” speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. Aug. 28, 1963.

January 10-11 The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is formed by Southern black ministers in Atlanta to discuss strategies to fight segregation. King is named SCLC’s first president.

April 3

Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson meets with King, Roy Wilkins, Whitney Young, and James Farmer to seek support for his War on Poverty initiative.

March 6 The Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial is seen with the Washington Monument, in Washington, Monday, Jan. 20, 2020. (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana)

King attends Ghana’s independence celebrations in West Africa and meets with Prime Minister Kwame Nkrumah.

King is arrested and jailed for demanding service at a white-only restaurant in St. Augustine, Florida.

March 6 King is awarded his doctorate in Systematic Theology from Boston University.

February 25

January 15

King is ordained and appointed assistant pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta.

June 18

November 18

May 17

After King criticizes the FBI’s failure to protect civil rights workers, FBI Dir. J. Edgar Hoover denounces King as “the most notorious liar in the country.”

December 1-5 February

June 8

King delivers his final speech, “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop.”

January 26

April 4

December 10

Martin Luther King Jr. is born at 501 Auburn Ave. in Atlanta, Georgia. His mother, Alberta King was a school teacher and his father, Michael Luther King was a Baptist minister.

1929

1946

The Atlanta Constitution publishes King’s letter to the editor stating that black people “are entitled to the basic rights and opportunities of American citizens.”

King graduates from Morehouse College in Atlanta, GA with a B.A. in Sociology.

1948

1951

King graduates from Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pa. with a bachelor of divinity degree, delivering the commencement valedictory address.

King marries Coretta Scott on the front lawn of the Scott home near Marion, Alabama. They eventually have four children.

1953

1954

King begins his pastorate at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama.

Rosa Parks is arrested in Montgomery, AL for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. Women’s Political Council members distribute thousands of leaflets calling for a one-day boycott of the city’s buses on Monday, Dec. 5th. The Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) is formed. King becomes its president.

1955

1956

While speaking at a mass civil rights meeting, King’s home is bombed. Later King addresses an angry crowd outside the house, pleading for nonviolence.

King delivers his first national address, “Give Us The Ballot,” at the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.

King meets Malcolm X in Washington, D.C. for the first and only time.

May 6

King and Ralph D. Abernathy meet with V.P. Richard M. Nixon, the first of several meetings.

1957

1958

King and other civil rights leaders meet with President Dwight D. Eisenhower in Washington.

King visits India, the home of his hero, Mohandas Gandhi. King credits his success in civil rights to Gandhi’s passive resistance techniques.

1959

1960

King moves to Atlanta to devote more time to SCLC. He becomes assistant pastor at his father’s church, Ebenezer Baptist Church.

June 23

King’s book, Why We Can’t Wait, is published.

1963 Responding to eight Jewish and Christian clergymen’s advice that African Americans wait patiently for justice, King pens his “Letter from Birmingham Jail.”

King delivers the eulogy at the funerals of Addie Mae Collins, Carol Denise McNair, and Cynthia Dianne Wesley, three of the four children that were killed during the September 15th bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham.

Authorized by U.S.A.G. Robert Kennedy, King’s home phone is wiretapped.

February 1

1965

1966

On “Bloody Sunday,” voting rights marchers are beaten at the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama.

March 7 King, John Lewis and 3200 people march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama after a U.S. District judge upholds their right to conduct an orderly demonstration. King meets with Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson and other leaders about voting rights for blacks.

King meets privately in New York with Democratic presidential candidate John F. Kennedy. King later meets with President Kennedy in 1963, urging him to issue a second Emancipation Proclamation to eliminate racial segregation.

1967

King is buried in Atlanta.

1968 In New York City, King delivers his speech, “Beyond Vietnam,” demanding the U.S. end the war.

April 4

King’s book, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?, is published.

June

King announces plans for his Poor People’s Campaign to end poverty.

September 18

June 23 November 13

1964

April 9

In Chicago, King meets Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad.

King receives the Nobel Peace Prize at a ceremony in Oslo, Norway.

August 6

September 7

During a book signing in Harlem, King is stabbed with a seven-inch letter opener by Izola Ware Curry. He recovers.

February 23

June

King’s first book, Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story, is published.

September 1

August 6

King is shot and killed in Memphis while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel. Nearly 100,000 people attend his funeral.

June 13

January 30

The U.S. Supreme Court affirms Browder v. Gayle and declares Montgomery and Alabama bus segregation laws unconstitutional. King is among the first passengers to ride the city’s newly integrated buses.

King and his wife Coretta bring attention to urban poverty and poor housing conditions when they move into an apartment on the Southside of Chicago.

April 6 King delivers his famous “I Have a Dream” speech at The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in Washington, D.C. Afterwards, King and other civil rights leaders meet with Pres. Kennedy at the White House.

December 4 March 17-25

King publicly opposes the Vietnam War at a mass rally at the Ninth Annual SCLC convention in Birmingham.

September 20

August 12

Dr. Martin Luther King civil rights leader testifying before the Senate Government Operations subcommittee, December 15, 1966. (AP Photo)

SOURCE: Eastern Illinois University

August 28

Thursday, January 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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The Life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

The King Philosophy The Martin Luther King, Jr. Center www.thekingcenter.org

TRIPLE EVILS The Triple Evils of POVERTY, RACISM and MILITARISM are forms of violence that exist in a vicious cycle. They are interrelated, all-inclusive, and stand as barriers to our living in the Beloved Community. When we work to remedy one evil, we affect all evils. To work against the Triple Evils, you must develop a nonviolent frame of mind as described in the “Six Principles of Nonviolence” and use the Kingian model for social action outlined in the “Six Steps for Nonviolent Social Change.” Some contemporary examples of the Triple Evils are listed next to each item:

grams of social uplift is approaching spiritual death.” Source: “Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community?” by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; Boston: Beacon Press, 1967.

SIX PRINCIPLES OF NONVIOLENCE Fundamental tenets of Dr. King’s philosophy of nonviolence described in his first book, Stride Toward Freedom. The six principles include: 1. PRINCIPLE ONE: Nonviolence is a way of life for courageous people. It is

that the universe is on the side of justice. The nonviolent resister has deep faith that justice will eventually win. Nonviolence believes that God is a God of justice.

SIX STEPS OF NONVIOLENT SOCIAL CHANGE The Six Steps for Nonviolent Social Change are based on Dr. King’s nonviolent campaigns and teachings that emphasize love in action. Dr. King’s philosophy of nonviolence, as reviewed in the Six Principles of Nonviolence, guide these steps for social and interpersonal change.

POVERTY – unemployment, homelessness, hunger, malnutrition, illiteracy, infant mortality, slums…

We often view the Six Steps as phases or cycles of a campaign rather than steps because each of them embodies a cluster or series of activities related to each of the other five elements.

RACISM – prejudice, apartheid, ethnic conflict, anti-Semitism, sexism, colonialism, homophobia, ageism, discrimination against disabled groups, stereotypes…

MILITARISM – w a r, i m p e r i a l i s m ,

domestic violence, rape, terrorism, human trafficking, media violence, drugs, child abuse, violent crime… “A true revolution of values will lay hands on the world order and say of war- ‘This way of settling differences is not just.’ This way of burning human beings with napalm, of filling our nation’s homes with orphans and widows, of injecting poisonous drugs of hate into the veins of peoples normally humane, of sending men home from dark and bloody battlefields physically handicapped psychologically deranged, cannot be reconciled with wisdom, justice and love. A nation that continues year after year to spend more money on military defense than on pro-

6. RECONCILIATION: Nonviolence seeks friendship and understanding with the opponent. Nonviolence does not seek to defeat the opponent. Nonviolence is directed against evil systems, forces, oppressive policies, unjust acts, but not against persons. Through reasoned compromise, both sides resolve the injustice with a plan of action. Each act of reconciliation is one step close to the ‘Beloved Community.’ Based on Martin Luther King, Jr.’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” in Why We Can’t Wait, Penguin Books, 1963.

“There is nothing new about poverty. What is new, however, is that we now have the resources to get rid of it. The time has come for an all-out world war against poverty…The well off and the secure have too often become indifferent and oblivious to the poverty and deprivation in their midst. Ultimately a great nation is a compassionate nation. No individual or nation can be great if it does not have a concern for ‘the least of these.”

“Racism is a philosophy based on a contempt for life. It is the arrogant assertion that one race is the center of value and object of devotion, before which other races must kneel in submission. It is the absurd dogma that one race is responsible for all the progress of history and alone can assure the progress of the future. Racism is total estrangement. It separates not only bodies, but minds and spirits. Inevitably it descends to inflicting spiritual and physical homicide upon the out -group.”

5. DIRECT ACTION: These are actions taken when the opponent is unwilling to enter into, or remain in, discussion/ negotiation. These actions impose a “creative tension” into the conflict, supplying moral pressure on your opponent to work with you in resolving the injustice.

active nonviolent resistance to evil. It is aggressive spiritually, mentally and emotionally. 2. PRINCIPLE TWO: Nonviolence seeks to win friendship and understanding. The end result of nonviolence is redemption and reconciliation. The purpose of nonviolence is the creation of the Beloved Community. 3. PRINCIPLE THREE: Nonviolence seeks to defeat injustice not people. Nonviolence recognizes that evildoers are also victims and are not evil people. The nonviolent resister seeks to defeat evil not people. 4. PRINCIPLE FOUR: Nonviolence holds that suffering can educate and transform. Nonviolence accepts suffering without retaliation. Unearned suffering is redemptive and has tremendous educational and transforming possibilities. 5. PRINCIPLE FIVE: Nonviolence chooses love instead of hate. Nonviolence resists violence of the spirit as well as the body. Nonviolent love is spontaneous, unmotivated, unselfish and creative. 6. PRINCIPLE SIX: Nonviolence believes

1. INFORMATION GATHERING: To understand and articulate an issue, problem or injustice facing a person, community, or institution you must do research. You must investigate and gather all vital information from all sides of the argument or issue so as to increase your understanding of the problem. You must become an expert on your opponent’s position. 2. EDUCATION: It is essential to inform others, including your opposition, about your issue. This minimizes misunderstandings and gains you support and sympathy. 3. PERSONAL COMMITMENT: Daily check and affirm your faith in the philosophy and methods of nonviolence. Eliminate hidden motives and prepare yourself to accept suffering, if necessary, in your work for justice. 4. DISCUSSION/NEGOTIATION: Using grace, humor and intelligence, confront the other party with a list of injustices and a plan for addressing and resolving these injustices. Look for what is positive in every action and statement the opposition makes. Do not seek to humiliate the opponent but to call forth the good in the opponent.

THE BELOVED COMMUNITY “The Beloved Community” is a term that was first coined in the early days of the 20th Century by the philosopher-theologian Josiah Royce, who founded the Fellowship of Reconciliation. However, it was Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., also a member of the Fellowship of Reconciliation, who popularized the term and invested it with a deeper meaning which has captured the imagination of people of goodwill all over the world. For Dr. King, The Beloved Community was not a lofty utopian goal to be confused with the rapturous image of the Peaceable Kingdom, in which lions and lambs coexist in idyllic harmony. Rather, The Beloved Community was for him a realistic, achievable goal that could be attained by a critical mass of people committed to and trained in the philosophy and methods of nonviolence. Dr. King’s Beloved Community is a global vision, in which all people can share in the wealth of the earth. In the Beloved Community, poverty, hunger and homelessness will not be tolerated because international standards of human decency will not allow it. Racism and all forms of discrimination, bigotry and prejudice will be replaced by an all-inclusive spirit of sisterhood and brotherhood. In the Beloved Community, international disputes will be resolved by peaceful conflict-resolution and reconciliation of adversaries, instead of military power. Love and trust will triumph over fear and hatred. Peace with justice will prevail over war and military conflict.

King’s Historic San Diego Speech

Dr. King’s Speech to Youth

Excerpt: “Remaining Awake Through a Great Revolution”

Six months before his assassination, Dr. King encouraged a room full of middle schoolers at Philadelphia’s Barratt Junior High School to be their best selves, no matter their status in life. His words, recorded on October 26, 1968, still resonate today.

Delivered on May 29, 1964 in San Diego, CA at Point Loma Nazarene University to a crowd of nearly 3,500. At the time, San Diego was known as the “Mississippi of the West.” The phrase was coined by the Reverend Dr. George Stevens, former CORE chair and NAACP president, and Dr. Carrol W. Waymon, founder of the San Diego State College Black History Department

he great challenge facing every man and every woman to day is to remain awake through this great social revolution... Somewhere we must come to see that human progress never rolls in on the wheels of inevitability. It comes through the tireless efforts and the persistent work of dedicated individuals who are willing to be co-workers with God... It may be true that morality cannot be legislated, but behavior can be

regulated. It may be true that the law cannot change the heart but it can restrain the heartless. It may be true that the law can’t make a man love me, but it can restrain him from lynching me. And so, while the law may not change the hearts of men, it does change the habits of men. ~ MLK

Excerpt: “What Is In Your Life’s Blueprint?” Courtesy of Walter Robinson

want to ask you a question, and that is: What is in your life’s blueprint?

This is the most important and crucial period of your lives. What you do now and what you decide now at this age may well determine which way your life shall go. It is very unfortunate that in so many instances our society has placed a stigma on the Negro’s color. Don’t be ashamed of your color, don’t be ashamed of your biological features. Somehow, you must be able to say in your own lives, and really believe it,

“I am black and beautiful,” and believe it in the moment. Number one in your life’s blueprint, should be a deep belief in your own dignity, your worth and your own “somebodiness.” Don’t allow anybody to make you feel that you are nobody. Always feel that you count.

~ MLK

Secondly, in your life’s blueprint you must have as a basic principle the determination to achieve excellence in your various fields of endeavor. You’re going to be deciding as the days, as the years unfold, what you will do in life — what your life’s work will be. Set out to do it well.

I say to you, my young friends, doors are opening to you — doors of opportunities that were not open to your mothers and your fathers — and the great challenge facing you is to be ready to face these doors as they open… ….I would urge you to study hard, to burn the midnight oil. I understand all the sociological reasons, but I urge you that in spite of your economic plight, in spite of the situation that you’re forced to live in — stay in school. And when you discover what you will be in your life, set out to do it as if God Almighty called you at this particular moment in history to do it.

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• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Oppressed people cannot remain oppressed forever. The yearning for freedom eventually manifests itself. ~ MLK

On April 12, 1963, Dr. King was arrested for campaigning against entrenched Alabama segregationist policies. While in solitary confinement, he wrote a 7,000-word open letter to a group of white clergy who were critical of his campaign. It serves as a powerful reminder of the progress made as a nation, yet the work still to be done.

Letter From Birmingham Jail My Dear Fellow Clergymen:

hile confined here in the Birmingham city jail, I came across your recent statement calling my present activities “unwise and untimely.” Seldom do I pause to answer criticism of my work and ideas. If I sought to answer all the criticisms that cross my desk, my secretaries would have little time for anything other than such cor respondence in the course of the day, and I would have no time for constructive work. But since I feel that you are men of genuine good will and that your criticisms are sincerely set forth, I want to try to answer your statement in what I hope will be patient and reason able terms. I think I should indicate why I am here in Birmingham, since you have been influenced by the view which argues against “outsid ers coming in.” I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. We have some eighty five affiliated organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. Frequently we share staff, educational and finan cial resources with our affiliates. Several months ago the affiliate here in Birmingham asked us to be on call to engage in a nonvio lent direct action program if such were deemed necessary. We read ily consented, and when the hour came we lived up to our promise. So I, along with several members of my staff, am here because I was invited here. I am here because I have organizational ties here. But more basically, I am in Bir mingham because injustice is here. Just as the prophets of the eighth century B.C. left their villages and carried their “thus saith the Lord” far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns, and just as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco Roman world, so am I compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own home town. Like Paul, I must constantly respond to the Macedonian call for aid. Moreover, I am cognizant of the interrelatedness of all communi ties and states. I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be con cerned about what happens in Birmingham. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescap able network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. Never again can we afford to live with the nar row, provincial “outside agitator” idea. Anyone who lives inside the United States can never be con sidered an outsider anywhere within its bounds……

In any nonviolent campaign there are four basic steps: collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self purification; and direct action. We have gone through all these steps in Birmingham. There can be no gainsay ing the fact that racial injustice engulfs this c o m m u n i t y. Birmingham is prob ably the most thor oughly segre gated city in the United States. Its ugly record of brutality is widely known. Negroes have experienced grossly unjust treatment in the courts. There have been more unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches in Birmingham than in any other city in the nation. These are the hard, brutal facts of the case. On the basis of these conditions, Negro lead ers sought to negotiate with the city fathers. But the latter consistently refused to engage in good faith negotiation.

We began a series of workshops on nonviolence, and we repeat edly asked ourselves: “Are you able to accept blows without retaliating?” “Are you able to endure the ordeal of jail?” ….. You may well ask: “Why direct

of myths and half truths to the unfettered realm of creative anal ysis and objective appraisal, so must we see the need for nonvio lent gadflies to create the kind of tension in society that will help men rise from the dark depths of prejudice an d r a c i s m to the majes tic heights of understand ing and broth erhood. The purpose of our direct action program is to create a situ ation so crisis packed that it will inevitably open the door to negotiation. I therefore con cur with you in your call for negotiation. Too long has our beloved Southland been bogged down in a tragic effort to live in mono logue rather than dialogue.

action? Why sit ins, marches and so forth? Isn’t negotiation a better path?” You are quite right in call ing for negotiation. Indeed, this is the very purpose of direct action. Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negoti ate is forced to confront the issue. It seeks so to dramatize the issue that it can no longer be ignored.

One of the basic points in your statement is that the action that I and my associates have taken in Birmingham is untimely. Some have asked: “Why didn’t you give the new city administration time to act?” …... My friends, I must say to you that we have not made a single gain in civil rights without deter mined legal and nonviolent pres sure. Lamentably, it is an historical fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily. Individuals may see the moral light and voluntarily give up their unjust posture; but, as Reinhold Niebuhr has reminded us, groups tend to be more immoral than individuals.

Then, last September, came the opportunity to talk with lead ers of Birmingham’s economic community. In the course of the negotiations, certain promises were made by the merchants-for example, to remove the stores’ humiliating racial signs. On the basis of these promises, the Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and the leaders of the Alabama My citing the creation of tension Christian Movement for Human as part of the work of the nonvi Rights agreed to a moratorium on olent resister may sound rather all demonstrations. As the weeks shocking. But I must confess that We know through painful expe and months went by, rience that freedom is we realized that we never voluntarily given were the victims of by the oppressor; it a broken promise. must be demanded by We know through painful experience A few signs, briefly the oppressed. Frankly, removed, returned; that freedom is never voluntarily I have yet to engage in the others remained. a direct action cam As in so many past given by the oppressor; it must be paign that was “well experiences, our hopes timed” in the view of demanded by the oppressed... had been blasted, and those who have not the shadow of deep suffered unduly from — MLK disappointment set the disease of segre tled upon us. We had gation. For years now no alternative except I have heard the word to prepare for direct “Wait!” It rings in the ear of every I am not afraid of the word “ten action, whereby we would pres Negro with piercing familiarity. sion.” I have earnestly opposed ent our very bodies as a means This “Wait” has almost always violent tension, but there is a of laying our case before the meant “Never.” We must come to type of constructive, nonviolent conscience of the local and the see, with one of our distinguished tension which is necessary for national community. ... jurists, that “justice too long growth. Just as Socrates felt that Mindful of the difficulties in-volved, we decided to under take a process of self purification.

it was necessary to create a ten sion in the mind so that individ uals could rise from the bondage

delayed is justice denied.”

We have waited for more than 340

years for our constitutional and God given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jetlike speed toward gain ing political independence, but we still creep at horse and buggy pace toward gaining a cup of cof fee at a lunch counter. Perhaps it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say, “Wait.” But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim; when you have seen hate filled policemen curse, kick and even kill your black brothers and sisters; when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an airtight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society; when you sud denly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six year old daughter why she can’t go to the public amusement park that has just been advertised on television, and see tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see ominous clouds of inferiority beginning to form in her little mental sky, and see her beginning to distort her per sonality by developing an uncon scious bitterness toward white people; when you have to concoct an answer for a five year old son who is asking: “Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean?”; when you take a cross county drive and find it necessary to sleep night after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no motel will accept you; when you are humil iated day in and day out by nag ging signs reading “white” and “colored”; when your first name becomes “nigger,” your middle name becomes “boy” (however old you are) and your last name becomes “John,” and your wife and mother are never given the respected title “Mrs.”; when you are harried by day and haunted by night by the fact that you are a Negro, living constantly at tip toe stance, never quite know ing what to expect next, and are plagued with inner fears and outer resentments; when you are forever fighting a degenerating sense of “nobodiness”--then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over, and men are no longer willing to be plunged into the abyss of despair. I hope, sirs, you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience. You express a great deal of anxi ety over our willingness to break laws. This is certainly a legiti mate concern. …., at first glance it may seem rather paradoxical for us consciously to break laws. See page 10

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Letter From Birmingham Jail Continued from page 9... One may well ask: “How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others?” The answer lies in the fact that there are two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that “an unjust law is no law at all.” Now, what is the difference between the two? How does one determine whether a law is just or unjust? A just law is a man made code that squares with the moral law or the law of God. An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law. To put it in the terms of St. Thomas Aquinas: An unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal law and natural law. Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality is unjust. All segregation statutes are unjust because segregation distorts the soul and damages the personality. It gives the segregator a false sense of superiority and the segre-

gated a false sense of inferiority. Segregation, to use the terminology of the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber, substitutes an “I it” relationship for an “I thou” relationship and ends up relegating persons to the status of things. Hence segregation is not only politically, economically and sociologically unsound, it is morally wrong and sinful. Paul Tillich has said that sin is separation. Is not segregation an existential expression of man’s tragic separation, his awful estrangement, his terrible sinfulness? Thus it is that I can urge men to obey the 1954 decision of the Supreme Court, for it is morally right; and I can urge them to disobey segregation ordinances, for they are morally wrong. …...Of course, there is nothing new about this kind of civil disobedience. It was evidenced sublimely in the refusal of Shadrach, Meshach and

Abednego to obey the laws of Nebuchadnezzar, on the ground that a higher moral law was at stake. It was practiced superbly by the early Christians, who were willing to face hungry lions and the excruciating pain of chopping blocks rather

than submit to certain unjust laws of the Roman Empire. To a degree, academic freedom is a reality today because Socrates practiced civil disobedience. In our own nation, the Boston Tea Party repre-

sented a massive act of civil disobedience. We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was

“illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany. Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in Germany at the time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers. If today I lived in a Communist country where certain principles dear to the Christian faith are suppressed, I would openly advocate disobeying that country’s antireligious laws. I must make two honest confessions to you, my Christian and Jewish brothers. First, I must confess that over the past few years I have been gravely disappointed with the white moderate. I have almost reached the regrettable conclusion that the Negro’s great stumbling block in his stride toward freedom is not the White Citizen’s Counciler or the Ku Klux Klanner, but the white moderate, who is more devoted to “order” than to justice; who prefers a negative peace which is the absence of tension to a positive peace which is the presence of justice; who constantly says: “I agree with you in the goal you seek, but I cannot agree with your methods of direct action”; who paternalis-tically believes he can set the timetable for another man’s freedom; who lives by a mythical concept of time and who constantly advises the Negro to wait for a “more convenient s eas on.” Shallow under-standing from people of good will is more frustrating than absolute misunderstanding from people of ill will. Lukewarm acceptance is much more bewildering than outright rejection. I had hoped that the white moderate would under-

stand that law and order exist for the purpose of establishing justice and that when they fail in this purpose they become the dangerously structured dams that block the flow of social progress. I had hoped that the white moderate would understand that the present tension in the South is a necessary phase of the transition from an obnoxious negative peace, in which the Negro passively accepted his unjust plight, to a substantive and positive peace, in which all men will respect the dignity and worth of human personality. Actually, we who engage in nonviolent direct action are not the creators of tension. We merely bring to the surface the hidden tension that is already alive. We bring it out in the open, where it can be seen and dealt with. Like a boil that can never be cured so long as it is covered up but must be opened with all its ugliness to the natural medicines of air and light, injustice must be exposed, with all the tension its exposure creates, to the light of human conscience and the air of national opinion before it can be cured.

and actions of the bad people but for the appalling silence of the good people. Human progress never rolls in on wheels of inevitability; it comes through the tireless efforts of men willing to be coworkers with God, and without this hard work, time itself becomes an ally of the forces of social stagnation. We must use time creatively, in the knowledge that the time is always ripe to do right. Now is the time to make real the promise of democracy and transform our pending national elegy into a creative psalm of brotherhood. Now is the time to lift our national policy from the quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of human dignity.

In your statement you assert that our actions, even though peaceful, must be condemned because they precipitate violence. But is this a logical assertion? Isn’t this like condemning a robbed man because his possession of money precipitated the evil act of robbery? …. We must come to see that, as the federal courts have consistently affirmed, it is wrong to urge an individual to cease his efforts to gain his basic constitutional rights because the quest may precipitate violence. Society must protect the robbed and punish the robber.

States Negro is moving with a sense of great urgency toward the promised land of racial justice. If one recognizes this vital urge that has engulfed the Negro community, one should readily understand why public demonstrations are taking place. The Negro has many pent up resentments and latent frustrations, and he must release them. So let him march; let him make prayer pilgrimages to the city hall; let him go on freedom rides -and try to understand why he must do so. If his repressed emotions are not released in nonviolent ways, they will seek expression through violence; this is not a threat but a fact of history. So I

……...We will have to repent in this generation not merely for the hateful words

…….Oppressed people cannot remain oppressed fore ve r. T he ye ar n ing for freedom eventually manifests itself, and that is what has happened to the American Negro. Something within has reminded him of his birthright of freedom, and something without has reminded him that it can be gained. Consciously or unconsciously, he has been caught up by the Zeitgeist, and with his black brothers of Africa and his brown and yellow brothers of Asia, South America and the Caribbean, the United

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• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Nonviolence is a powerful and just weapon, which cuts without wounding and ennobles the man who wields it. ~ MLK

Letter From Birmingham Jail Continued from page 10... have not said to my people: “Get rid of your discontent.” Rather, I have tried to say that this normal and healthy discontent can be channeled into the creative outlet of nonviolent direct action. And now this approach is being termed extremist. But though I was initially disappointed at being categorized as an extremist, as I continued to think about the matter I gradually gained a measure of satisfaction from the label. Was not Jesus an extremist for love...Was not Amos an extremist for justice... Was not Paul an extremist for the Christian gospel... Was not Martin Luther an extremist….And John Bunyan...And Abraham Lincoln…... And Thomas Jefferson... So the question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be. Will we be extremists for hate or for love? Will we be extremists for the preservation of injustice or for the extension of justice? ...Perhaps the South, the nation and the world are in dire need of creative extremists. I had hoped that the white moderate would see this need. Perhaps I was too optimistic; perhaps I expected too much. I suppose I should have realized that few members of the oppressor race can understand the deep groans and passionate yearnings of the oppressed race, and still fewer have the vision to see that injustice must be rooted out by strong, persistent and determined action. I am thankful, however, that some of our white brothers in the South have grasped the meaning of this social revolution and committed themselves to it….. But despite these notable exceptions, I must honestly reiterate that I have been disappointed with the church. I do not say this as one of those negative critics who can always find something wrong with the church. I say this as a minister of the gospel, who

loves the church; who was nurtured in its bosom; who has been sustained by its spiritual blessings and who will remain true to it as long as the cord of life shall lengthen. When I was suddenly catapulted into the leadership of the bus protest in Montgomery, Alabama, a few years ago, I felt we would be supported by the white church. I felt that the white ministers, priests and rabbis of the South would be among our strongest allies. Instead, some have been outright opponents, refusing to understand the freedom movement and misrepresenting its leaders; all too many others have been more cautious than courageous and have remained silent behind the anesthetizing security of stained glass windows. In spite of my shattered dreams, I came to Birmingham with the hope that the white religious leadership of this community would see the justice of our cause and, with deep moral concern, would serve as the channel through which our just grievances could reach the power structure. I had hoped that each of you would understand. But again I have been disappointed. I have heard numerous southern religious leaders admonish their worshipers to comply with a desegregation decision because it is the law, but I have longed to hear white ministers declare: “Follow this decree because integration is morally right and because the Negro is your brother.” In the midst of blatant injustices inflicted upon the Negro, I have watched white churchmen stand on the sideline and mouth pious irrelevancies and sanctimonious trivialities. In the midst of a mighty struggle to rid our nation of racial and economic injustice, I have heard many ministers say: “Those are social issues, with which the gos-

pel has no real concern.” And I have watched many churches commit themselves to a completely other worldly religion which makes a strange, un-Biblical distinction between body and soul, between the sacred and the secular.

I have traveled the length and breadth of Alabama, Mississippi and all the other southern states. On sweltering summer days and crisp autumn mornings I have looked at the South’s beautiful churches with their lofty spires pointing heavenward. I have beheld the impressive outlines of her massive religious education buildings. Over and over I have found myself asking: “What kind of people worship here? Who is their God? Where were their voices when the lips of Governor Barnett dripped with words of interposition and nullification? Where were they when Governor Wallace gave a clarion call for defiance and hatred? Where were their voices of support when bruised and weary Negro men and women decided to rise from the dark dungeons of complacency to the bright hills of creative protest?”

have been tears of love. There can be no deep disappointment where there is not deep love. Yes, I love the church. How could I do otherwise? I am in the rather unique position of being the son, the grand-

son and the great grandson of preachers. Yes, I see the church as the body of Christ. But, oh! How we have blemished and scarred that body through social neglect and through fear of being nonconformists.

...Is organized religion too inextricably bound to the status quo to save our nation and the world? Perhaps I must turn my faith to the inner spiritual church, the church within the church, as the true ekklesia and the hope of the world. But again I am thankful to God that some noble souls from the ranks of organized religion have broken loose from the paralyzing chains of conformity and joined us as active partners in the struggle for freedom. They have left their secure congregations and walked the streets of Albany, Georgia, with us. ...They have carved a tunnel of hope through the dark mountain of disappointment. I hope the church as a whole will meet the challenge of this decisive hour. But even if the church does not come to the aid of justice, I have no despair about the future. I have no fear about the outcome of our strug-

gle in Birmingham, even if our motives are at present misunderstood. We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over the nation, because the goal of America is freedom. Abused and scorned though we may be, our destiny is tied up with America’s destiny. Before the pilgrims landed at Plymouth, we were here. Before the pen of Jefferson etched the majestic words of the Declaration of Independence across the pages of history, we were here. For more than two centuries our forebears labored in this country without wages; they made cotton king; they built the homes of their masters while suffering gross injustice and shameful humiliation -and yet out of a bottomless vitality they continued to thrive and develop. If the inexpressible cruelties of slavery could not stop us, the opposition we now face will surely fail. We will win our freedom because the sacred heritage of our nation and the eternal will of God are embodied in our echoing demands. See page 12

THE TIME IS ALWAYS RIGHT TO DO WHAT IS RIGHT - Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Yes, these questions are still in my mind. In deep disappointment I have wept over the laxity of the church. But be assured that my tears

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Letter From Birmingham Jail Continued from page 11... Before closing I feel impelled to mention one other point in your statement that has troubled me profoundly. You warmly commended the Birmingham police force for keeping “order” and “preventing violence.” I doubt that you would have so warmly commended the police force if you had seen its dogs sinking their teeth into unarmed, nonviolent Negroes. I doubt that you would so quickly commend the policemen if you were to observe their ugly and inhumane treatment of Negroes here in the city jail; if you were to watch them push and curse old Negro women and young Negro girls; if you were to see them slap and kick old Negro men and young boys; if you were to observe them, as they did on two occasions, refuse to give us food because we wanted to sing our grace together. I cannot join you in your praise of the Birmingham police department. It is true that the police have exercised a degree of discipline in handling the demonstrators. In this

sense they have conducted themselves rather “nonviolently” in public. But for what purpose? To preserve the evil system of segregation. Over the past few years I have consistently preached that nonviolence demands that the means we use must be as pure as the ends we seek. I have tried to make clear that it is wrong to use immoral means to attain moral ends. But now I must affirm that it is just as wrong, or perhaps even more so, to use moral means to preserve immoral ends. Perhaps Mr. Connor and his policemen have been rather nonviolent in public, as was Chief Pritchett in Albany, Georgia, but they have used the moral means of nonviolence to maintain the immoral end of racial injustice. As T. S. Eliot has said: “The last temptation is the greatest treason: To do the right deed for the wrong reason.” I wish you had commended the Negro sit inners and demonstrators of Birmingham for their sublime courage, their willingness to suffer and

their amazing discipline in the midst of great provocation. One day the South will recognize its real

heroes. They will be the James Merediths, with the noble sense of purpose that

enables them to face jeering and hostile mobs, and with the agonizing loneliness that characterizes the life

of the pioneer. They will be old, oppressed, battered Negro women, symbolized

in a seventy two year old woman in Montgomery, Alabama, who rose up with a sense of dignity and with her people decided not to ride segregated buses, and who responded with ungrammatical profundity to one who inquired about her weariness: “My feets is tired, but my soul is at rest.” They will be the young high school and college students, the young ministers of the gospel and a host of their elders, courageously and nonviolently sitting in at lunch counters and willingly going to jail for conscience’ sake. One day the South will know that when these disinherited children of God sat down at lunch counters, they were in reality standing up for what is best in the American dream and for the most sacred values in our Judeo Christian heritage, thereby bringing our nation back to those great wells of democracy which were dug deep by the founding fathers in their formulation of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence.

If I have said anything in this letter that overstates the truth and indicates an unreasonable impatience, I beg you to forgive me. If I have said anything that understates the truth and indicates my having a patience that allows me to settle for anything less than brotherhood, I beg God to forgive me. I hope this letter finds you strong in the faith. I also hope that circumstances will soon make it possible for me to meet each of you, not as an integrationist or a civil-rights leader but as a fellow clergyman and a Christian brother. Let us all hope that the dark clouds of racial prejudice will soon pass away and the deep fog of misunderstanding will be lifted from our fear drenched communities, and in some not too distant tomorrow the radiant stars of love and brotherhood will shine over our great nation with all their scintillating beauty. Yours for the cause of Peace and Brotherhood,

Martin Luther King, Jr.

SOURCE: University of Pennsylvania

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• Thursday, January 13, 2022

The Road to A National King Holiday 1968

APRIL 8 Rep. John Conyers Jr. (D-MI) introduces the first legislation to make King’s birthday, Jan. 15, a federal holiday.

1969

1971 The Southern Christian Leadership Conference petitions the U.S. Congress. The petition is signed by over 3 million people.

JANUARY The King Memorial Center in Atlanta sponsors the first annual observance of King’s birthday.

Illinois is the first state to adopt MLK Day as a state holiday.

1973

Stevie Wonder releases the song, “Happy Birthday,” in support of a national King holiday.

1980

1979 President Jimmy Carter vows to support a national King holiday. ——— King’s widow, Coretta Scott King, testifies before Congress and organizes a nationwide lobbying effort to support the bill. ——— NOVEMBER Conyers’ King-holiday bill is defeated in the House by five votes.

1983

OCTOBER 3 Senator Jesse Helms (R- NC) opposes the King holiday legislation on the Senate floor. ——— NOVEMBER 2 The 98th Congress passes Bill H.R.3706 amending title 5 in the United States Code to make Dr. King’s birthday a legal holiday. Pres. Ronald Reagan signs the legislation into law.

1986

Six years after the law’s official passage, Arizona recognizes Martin Luther King Jr. Day.

JANUARY 18 Pres. Reagan issues Proclamation 5431, proclaiming: ‘By Public Law 98-144, the third Monday in January of each year has been designated as a public holiday in honor of the “Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.”’ ——— JANUARY 20 The first official Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is observed nationwide. Only 27 states and Washington, D.C., honor the holiday.

~ MLK

1992

1994 1989

There is nothing new about poverty. What is new is that we have the resources to get rid of it.

The Dr. King holiday is adopted in 44 states.

AUGUST 23 The 103rd U.S. Congress authorizes appropriations, introduced by Rep. John Lewis (D-GA-5), to support national service opportunities in conjunction with the King holiday. ——— Pres. Bill Clinton signs the King Holiday and Service Act designating the holiday as a day of community service, interracial cooperation, and youth antiviolence initiatives

17 years after the law’s official passage, South Carolina becomes the last state to recognize Martin Luther King Jr. Day as a paid holiday.

2000

8 Intriguing Facts about Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr. Mordecai Johnson, President of Howard Martin Luther King, Jr. was born with a different name. University, inspired Dr. King to study nonviolence. Dr. King was born Michael King on January 15, 1929. King wrote in his first book, ‘Stride Toward A few years later, his father, also named Michael King, Freedom,’ that, “one Sunday afternoon” he changed his name to Martin Luther King, Sr., in honor of the German Protestant reformer, Martin Luther, and heard Johnson, who had just returned from subsequently changed his son’s name to India, speak about Gandhi’s Martin Luther King, Jr. He was arrested 30 times. campaigns of nonviolent resis tance to British colonialism. King said, “His message was so profound He didn’t plan to become a Civil Rights leader, he wanted and electrifying that I left the meeting and to pastor a church, teach, write and raise a family. bought a half-dozen books on Gandhi’s life In 1955, his destiny was sealed by the social and political and works.” From that point on King inte events of history, when local Southern African American grated Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolent leaders chose him to serve as their spokesman for the resistance into his Christian beliefs. Montgomery Bus Boycott.

He gave over 2,500 speeches over his lifetime. The “I Have a Dream” Speech was only 17 minutes long. In 1999 a panel of over 130 schol ars rated it as the best politi cal speech of the 20th Century, ranking No. 1 and beating out John F. Kennedy’s 1961 inau gural address. He graduated from Morehouse College in 1948 at the age of 19.

Dr. King’s parents were the most influential people in his life. King credited his mother, Alberta Williams King; his father, Martin Luther King, Sr.; and Jesus Christ as the central influences on the development of his faith, character and moral principles. Mahatma Ghandi; his mentor, Dr. Benjamin Mays; and theolo gians Walter Rauschenbusch, Reinhold Niebuhr and How ard Thurman were also major influences.

Source: The King Center, www.thekingcenter.org

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Thursday, January 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. shakes the hand of King Olav of Norway at a ceremony in Oslo. Photo: National Park Service, U.S. Department of Interior

MLK Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech This prestigious award propelled the modern American Civil Rights Movement into global and renowned recognition. Dr. King stated “that this Nobel Prize was won by a movement of great people, whose discipline, wise restraint, and majestic courage has led them down a nonviolent course in seeking to establish a reign of justice and a rule of love across this nation of ours: Herbert Lee, Fannie Lou Hamer, Medgar Evers, Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner, and the thousands of children in Birmingham, Albany, St. Augustine, and Savannah who had accepted physical blows and jail and had discovered that the power of the soul is greater than the might of violence. These unknown thousands had given this movement the international acclaim, which we received from the Norwegian Parliament.”

our Majesty, Your Royal Highness, Mr. President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen:

I accept the Nobel Prize for Peace at a moment when 22 million Negroes of the United States of America are engaged in a creative battle to end the long night of racial injustice. I accept this award on behalf of a civil rights movement which is moving with determination and a majestic scorn for risk and danger to establish a reign of freedom and a rule of justice. I am mindful that only yesterday in Birmingham, Alabama, our children, crying out for brotherhood, were answered with fire hoses, snarling dogs and even death. I am mindful that only yesterday in Philadelphia, Mississippi, young people seeking to secure the right to vote were brutalized and murdered. And only yesterday more than 40 houses of worship in the State of Mississippi alone were bombed or burned because they offered a sanctuary to those who would not accept segregation. I am mindful that debilitating and grinding poverty afflicts my people and chains them to the lowest rung of the economic ladder. Therefore, I must ask why this prize is awarded to a movement which is beleaguered and committed to unrelenting struggle; to a movement which has not won the very peace and brotherhood which is the essence of the Nobel Prize. After contemplation, I conclude that this award which I receive on behalf of that movement is a profound recognition that nonviolence is the answer to the crucial political and moral question of our time – the need for man to overcome oppression and violence without resorting to violence and oppression. Civilization and violence are antithetical concepts. Negroes of the United States, following the people of India, have demonstrated that nonviolence is not sterile passivity, but a powerful moral force which makes for social

transformation. Sooner or later all the people of the world will have to discover a way to live together in peace, and thereby transform this pending cosmic elegy into a creative psalm of brotherhood. If this is to be achieved, man must evolve for all human conflict a method which rejects revenge, aggression and retaliation. The foundation of such a method is love.

I refuse to accept the cynical notion that nation after nation must spiral down a militaristic stairway into the hell of thermonuclear destruction. I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word in reality. This is why right temporarily defeated is stronger than evil triumphant. I believe that even amid today’s mortar bursts and whining bullets, there is still hope for a brighter The tortuous road which has led from tomorrow. I believe that wounded justice, Montgomery, Alabama to Oslo bears lying prostrate on the blood-flowing witness to this truth. This is a road over streets of our nations, can be lifted from which millions of Negroes are traveling this dust of shame to reign supreme among to find a new sense of dignity. This same the children of men. I have the audacity road has opened for all Americans a new to believe that peoples everywhere can era of progress and have three meals a hope. It has led to day for their boda new Civil Rights ies, education and Bill, and it will, culture for their I am convinced, minds, and dignity, be widened and Martin Luther King’s equality and freelengthened into a dom for their spirNobel Peace Prize Award super highway of its. I believe that justice as Negro what self-centered Acceptance Speech in and white men in men have torn increasing numbers down men otherOslo, December 10, 1964. create alliances centered can build to overcome their up. I still believe common problems. that one day mankind will bow I accept this award before the altars of today with an abiding faith in America God and be crowned triumphant over war and an audacious faith in the future of and bloodshed, and nonviolent redempmankind. I refuse to accept despair as the tive good will proclaim the rule of the final response to the ambiguities of hisland. “And the lion and the lamb shall lie tory. I refuse to accept the idea that the down together and every man shall sit “is-ness” of man’s present nature makes under his own vine and fig tree and none him morally incapable of reaching up shall be afraid.” I still believe that We Shall for the eternal “ought-ness” that forever overcome! confronts him. I refuse to accept the idea that man is mere flotsam and jetsam in This faith can give us courage to face the the river of life, unable to influence the uncertainties of the future. It will give unfolding events which surround him. I our tired feet new strength as we conrefuse to accept the view that mankind is tinue our forward stride toward the city of so tragically bound to the starless midfreedom. When our days become dreary night of racism and war that the bright with low-hovering clouds and our nights daybreak of peace and brotherhood can become darker than a thousand midnever become a reality. nights, we will know that we are living in

the creative turmoil of a genuine civilization struggling to be born. Today I come to Oslo as a trustee, inspired and with renewed dedication to humanity. I accept this prize on behalf of all men who love peace and brotherhood. I say I come as a trustee, for in the depths of my heart I am aware that this prize is much more than an honor to me personally. Every time I take a flight, I am always mindful of the many people who make a successful journey possible – the known pilots and the unknown ground crew. So you honor the dedicated pilots of our struggle who have sat at the controls as the freedom movement soared into orbit. You honor, once again, Chief Lutuli of South Africa, whose struggles with and for his people, are still met with the most brutal expression of man’s inhumanity to man. You honor the ground crew without whose labor and sacrifices the jet flights to freedom could never have left the earth. Most of these people will never make the headline and their names will not appear in Who’s Who. Yet when years have rolled past and when the blazing light of truth is focused on this marvelous age in which we live – men and women will know and children will be taught that we have a finer land, a better people, a more noble civilization – because these humble children of God were willing to suffer for righteousness’ sake. I think Alfred Nobel would know what I mean when I say that I accept this award in the spirit of a curator of some precious heirloom which he holds in trust for its true owners – all those to whom beauty is truth and truth beauty – and in whose eyes the beauty of genuine brotherhood and peace is more precious than diamonds or silver or gold. Source: Les Prix Nobel en 1964, Editor Göran Liljestrand, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1965

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

COVID-19 UPDATE/HEALTHY LIVING SAN DIEGO COUNTY

COVID-19 STATUS TOTAL CONFIRMED CASES

465,607

REPORTED TESTS

8,537,256

ICU

1,951

This appointment-only center will also offer treatment for those who may have been exposed to COVID-19

SOURCE: County of San Diego as of 1/5/22

VACCINATION RATES BY RACE / ETHNICITY

Asian 7.3%

t o m s . M A R C t r e at m e nt c e n t e r s have been shown effective in reducing symptoms and duration of COVID-19 and offer free treatment regardless of health insurance or immigration status.

The MARC at Vista Community Clinic in Vista is open 4 days a week. Family Health Centers of San Diego offers treatment 5 days a week between their Hillcrest and Chula Vista sites.

treatment is provided at no cost to all medically eligible individuals, regardless of health insurance or immigration status • Persons may call 619-6852500 with questions and/ or to schedule an appointment directly • Email COVIDTreatment@ sdcounty.ca.gov with questions.

Photo: Courtesy of U.S. Health & Human Services

Home COVID Tests To Be Covered By Insurers Starting Saturday

COUNTY COVID-19

Native Hawaiian or Other Paciﬁc Islander 1.1% Black or African American 4.4% Other Race 7.2%

~ MLK

Early treatment for COVID is available at the Monoclonal Antibody Regional Centers to treat persons 12 years of age or older with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. • Mo n o c l o n a l a n t i b o d y and are at high risk of severe sympA ne w Mono cl ona l Ant ib o dy Regional Center (MARC) located at the Cathy Hopper Clairemont Friendship Center (4425 Bannock Avenue) has opened in partnership with the state Emergency Medical Services Authority.

19,288

Expanded Services Offered at COVID-19 Treatment Sites

Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

HOSPITALIZED

There is a sort of poverty of the spirit which stands in glaring contrast to our scientific and technological abundance.

American Indian or Alaska Native 0.4% Multiple Race 1.0%

By Zeke Miller Associated Press

Starting Saturday, January 15, private health insurers will be required to cover up to eight home COVID-19 tests per month for people on their plans. The Biden administration announced the change Monday, January 10.

Latino or Hispanic 47.2% White 31.5%

SOURCE: C ounty of San Diego.

VISIT US ONLINEAT sdvoice.info/covid-19 FOR MORE COVID-19 UPDATES AND the CDC Coronavirus Symptom Self-Checker

Under the new policy, first detailed to the AP, Americans will be able to purchase home testing kits for free under their insurance or submit receipts for the tests for reimburse-

ment, up to the monthly per-person limit. PCR tests and rapidtests ordered or administered by a health provider will continue to be fully covered by insurance with no limit. Only tests purchased on or after Jan. 15 will be required to be reimbursed, the administration said. Some insurers may choose to cover the costs of at-home tests purchased earlier, but they won’t have to. Americans on Medicare won’t be able to get tests reimbursed

t h rou g h t he fe deral insurance plan, but Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program plans are required to cover the cost of at-home tests fully. Those not on a covered insurance plan can receive free tests through the forthcoming federal website or local Photo: AP Photo/ pharmacies. David Dermer

Tipping the Power in Pregnancy Addressing maternal health for Black women By Dr. Toluwalase Ajayi We have all seen the devastating headlines about how dangerous it is to give birth in America as a Black person. The facts are stark: Black women are three times more likely to die during childbirth than their non -Hispanic white counterparts, and non-Hispanic Black infants are twice as likely to die within their first year of life in comparison to non-Hispanic white infants. The question is “why?” My name is Dr. Toluwalase (Lasé) Ajayi, and I am the lead scientist for PowerMom, a mobile research platform that invites participants to contribute pregnancy-related health information via app-based surveys and wearable sensors. Our goal is to use this data to help reduce health disparities while learning what makes a healthy pregnancy for every pregnant person. As a Black mother of three beautiful children, this is more than a study for me, it is real life. When I was pregnant with my eldest daughter (now 4 years old), I almost became a statistic. Despite being a physician who sought medical care in the same health system where I work, I was a victim of racism and implicit bias. Photo: Courtesy of Dr. Toluwalase Ajayi

It started when I had to go to the emergency room in the middle of the night due to excruciating pain from my fibroids. As I got out of the Uber clearly in pain (my husband had to stay home with our son), not a single hospital staff offered to help me. The Uber driver assisted me to the entrance. There, things only got worse. The check-in nurse did not believe my pain. The ultrasonographer was so rough that I had to tell him—with tears streaming down my face—that he was hurting me. He all but ignored my pain, saying that he needed to complete his scan to get good images. It wasn’t until the person who checks insurance realized that I was a physician within the health system, and in that hospital no less, did the staff demeanor change when interacting with me, becoming more compassionate. However, I continued to face racism. When the physician gave me a prescription for a combination opioid and Tylenol for the intense pain, the check-in nurse told me that I should not take that medicine because “women like me” were more likely to get addicted and risk hurting the baby. told my OBGYN, she was outraged for me; she and her clinical staff helped me feel supported and understood the pain I was in. She encouraged me to take the pain medicine if I needed it. I am beyond grateful that I was able to change my obstetrician and work with a team of caring practitioners who listened to me. Not ever yone who looks like me is as

lucky. I never did take the medicine, and even after two cesarean sections the only pain medications I used were Motrin. I refused to give anyone a reason to judge me or my babies. It shouldn’t have to be this way. This is why one of the studies I pushed to launch on the PowerMom platform is designed to investigate the effect of structural racism on maternal health outcomes. With support from Fitbit, this study will monitor the pregnancy journey and health outcomes of diverse individuals and assess the toll that structural racism takes on our bodies. We are aiming to collect enough data from participants to begin to break down and address these many contributing factors to maternal mortality. Eligible participants will receive a Fitbit, a smart scale and compensation for completing the study. This is just one example of the innovative work we do at PowerMom. By partnering with community advocacy groups and our participant advisory board, we make sure that valuable, diverse input is incorporated into the design of our studies, and we share meaningful data with participants. Our partners also include obstetricians who can help change the way care is provided, and insurance companies who can determine how care is reimbursed. The work we do at PowerMom is focused on helping to transform pregnancy care with the goal of producing healthy babies and pregnancies for everyone, because every voice matters. To learn more, visit: powermom.scripps.edu.

HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES AGENCY PUBLIC HEAL TH SERVICES

LIMITED ORDER OF THE HEALTH OFFICER (Effective June 15, 2021) On June 15, 2021, the Blueprint for a Safer Economy will be rescinded. Persons and entities may still be subject to Cal OSHA and California Department of Public Health guidelines and standards with limited public health restrictions, including face coverings, school based guidance, and guidance for mega events. The California Public Health Officer has issued an order to be effective June 15, 2021, and available here: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/ CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-ofthe-State-PublicHealth-Officer-BeyondBlueprint.aspx. The California Public Health Officer has also issued updated face covering guidance effective June 15, 2021, and available here: https://www. cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/ COVID-19/guidance-for-facecoverings. aspx#June15guidance. In San Diego County, persons who have been diagnosed with COVID-19, or who are likely to have COVID-19, will be subject to the Order of the Health Officer titled: “Isolation of All Persons with or Likely to have COVID-19,” or as subsequently amended. Persons who have a close contact with a person who either has COVID19, or is likely to have COVID-19, will be subject to the Order of the Health Officer titled: “Quarantine of Persons Exposed to COVID-19,” or as subsequently amended. Both orders are available at: https://www. sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/hhsa/programs/phs/community_epidemiology/dc/2 019-nCoV/health-order.html. Subsequent Health Officer Orders related to the COVID-19 pandemic may be issued in San Diego County as conditions warrant. Pursuant to California Health and Safety Code sections 101040, 120175, and 120175.5 (b), the Health Officer of the County of San Diego (Health Officer) ORDERS AS FOLLOWS: 1. Effective June 15, 2021, the Order of the Health Officer and Emergency Regulations,

dated May 6, 2021, and any other Health Officer orders related to COVID-19 shall expire, with the exception of the following: a.“Isolation of All Persons with or Likely to have COVID-19,” dated December 24, 2020. b.“Quarantine of Persons Exposed to COVID-19,” dated April 5, 2021. c. Any quarantine or isolation order issued to an individual that is currently in effect. 2. Pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 120175.5 (b), all governmental entities in the county shall continue to take necessary measures within the governmental entity’s control to ensure compliance with State and local laws, regulations, and orders related to the control of COVID-19. IT IS SO ORDERED: Date: June 14, 2021 WILMA J. WOOTEN, M.D., M.P.H. Public Health Officer County of San Diego ___________________________________ EXPIRATION OF EMERGENCY REGULATIONS As Director of Emergency Services for the County of San Diego, I am authorized to promulgate regulations for the protection of life and property pursuant to Government Code Section 8634 and San Diego County Code section 31.103. The Health Officer Order and Emergency Regulations, dated May 6, 2021, shall expire as a regulation for the protection of life and property, on June 15, 2021. Date: June 14, 2021 HELEN ROBBINS-MEYER Chief Administrative Officer Director of Emergency Services County of San Diego

Thursday, January 13, 2022 • The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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OBITUARIES Edward Monty Williams

Katrina Renee Luckett-Mayfield

Joseph Andrew Seraile Jr.

SUNRISE

11/8/1968

4/1/1934

SUNSET

12/15/2021

12/19/2021 A Homegoing Celebration will be held Thursday, January 20, 2022, at Greenwood Memorial Park in the Salli Lynn Chapel from 12:00PM to 1:00 PM, 4300 Imperial Avenue, San Diego, California, 92113. EDWARD (MONTY) WILLIAMS of San Diego, California, passed at the age of 87 on the morning of December 19, 2021. He was born on Easter Sunday, April 1, 1934, in El Campo, Texas. He was the eldest male of nine children born to the union of Verna and Collie Williams. In 1946, his family moved to San Diego, where he graduated from San Diego High School. In school, he was a 400-meter specialist and member of the choir. Edward was a gifted athlete as well as entertainer. He was a member of the original Platters, Hollywood Flames, Colts, and other music groups of the late 50s and 60s. As late as 2016, he was touring with the Platters Reunited. The constant travel began to be a real drain on his time, resources, and energy, so he decided to retire. Edward was a very giving and caring person and was always there for anyone who needed his help including his mother, brothers, sisters, grandchildren, and great grandchildren, without hesitation or delay. He and his wife Patricia, who preceded him in death, were partners for over 67 years. Together they owned and operated the Williams Snack Stand and Florist on Ocean View Boulevard across the street from Memorial Park. Preceding him in death are his parents: father, Collie Williams, mother, Verna Russell, stepfather, Melvin H. Russell, sister, Lola Espy, brothers, Morgan Williams and Donald Ray Russell, son, Marlon Williams, and grandson, Marlon Williams Jr. He leaves behind to cherish his memory his daughters, Celeste White and Carmen Celestine, son, Amar Evans, his sisters, Gloria Williams, Loretta Freeman, Cleopatra Russell, and Frankie Wells (Walter), and brother, Tex Williams, 13 grandchildren, 11 great grandchildren, as well as a host of other relatives and friends. He will be cherished in our hearts forever.

ARRANGEMENTS BY ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY

Visitation will be held January 20, 2022, at the Memory Chapel of Anderson-Ragsdale Mortuary 5pm to 7pm, with services on January 21, 2022, at 11:00 am at Greater Fellowship Baptist Church, 4351 Logan Avenue, San Diego, 92113. KATRINA RENEE LUCKETT-MAYFIELD was born on November 8, 1968, in San Diego, California, to Steve Luckett and Bonnie Jean Luckett. It is with great sadness that the family of Katrina announce her passing on December 15, 2021. Katrina’s early education was completed through San Diego City schools and she graduated from San Diego High School. She was an avid writer and wrote a passionate piece on foster care, which led to her letter being read by Jesse Jackson to the United States Congress. She was very active and participated with her mother in writing various letters and signs to be used and displayed throughout San Diego. Some of her adult work history included working in the insurance industry, while helping her mother in the restaurant business, and at “Bonnie Jean Soul Food”, owned by her sister, Stephanie. She also worked in the retail industry at Walmart. She enjoyed traveling, writing, shopping, crossword puzzles and playing basketball. Katrina was married and had one son, Kenneth Mayfield Jr. She enjoyed being a grandmother and was a member of Calvary Baptist Church and New Paradise Baptist Church. She moved to Dallas, Texas, two years ago. Katrina was preceded in death by both her maternal grandparents, Robert Sr. and Artiree Anderson, as well as her paternal grandparents, Nyde Luckett and Alberta Luckett Simmons, her father Steve Luckett, and sister, Stephanie LaShawn Luckett. She is survived by her mother, Bonnie Jean Luckett, son, Kenneth Mayfield Jr., brother, Steve Luckett, niece, Aesha Luckett, her aunts, Janet Douglas and Celia Griffin Cagnolatti, as well as her grandchildren, cousins, aunts, and uncles.

De’Veon Marquis Gammage Eugene Gailord Jr.

SUNRISE 4/21/2001

SUNRISE SUNSET

ARRANGEMENTS BY ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY

Funeral services were held on January 7, 2022, at the Memory Chapel of AndersonRagsdale Mortuary, with the burial following at Mt. Hope Cemetery. Final arrangements were entrusted to Anderson-Ragsdale Mortuary. EUGENE GAILORD JR., 82, died from complications following the diagnosis of pneumonia and COVID-19 on Sunday, December 5, 2021, at Scripps Mercy Hospital. He was born August 16, 1939, in Houston, Texas, the son of Eugene and Hattie Gailord. He was the youngest of their four children and the only boy out of his sisters Emma Johnson, Frances Williams, and Geraldine Lamb. Eugene loved sports, track, baseball, football, golf, etc. While attending Yates High School, he took advantage of his love of sports. He excelled in all, but mostly in football. Eugene graduated from Yates High School in 1958, and attended Texas Southern University. But before completion, Eugene enlisted in the U.S. Navy. After boot camp he was transferred to Norfolk, Virginia. In Norfolk, Eugene met Shirley Sutton. They celebrated 58 years of marriage in March. From their union of love, compassion and marriage, they produced and raised two children, Gena Gailord and Eugene Gailord III. Eugene retired from the government of the United States of America following 38 years of loyal service. He enlisted in the U.S. Navy March 16, 1962, and was released from active duty and transferred to inactive duty on the retired list of the United States Navy, September 30, 1981 (Chief Boatswain’s Mate), and sought employment at North Island Naval Base. In 2001, he retired from North Island. In addition to Eugene’s parents, he was predeceased by his sisters Frances Williams, Geraldine Lamb, and Tammye Marlin. Surviving in addition are his wife, Shirley Gailord, son, Eugene Gailord III, and daughter, Gena Gailord (Ulysses Simpson Braxton), as well as his sister, Emma Johnson, his brother, Michael Gailord, niece, Eugenia Crabtree, nephew, Timothy Jackson, granddaughter, Sherell Johnson, grandson, Isaiah Simmons, great granddaughter, Zarria Washington, and numerous nieces, nephews, and other family and friends.

ARRANGEMENTS BY ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY Funeral services were held January 10, 2022, at Our Redeemer Lutheran Church with the burial following at Miramar National Park Cemetery. Final arrangements were entrusted to Anderson-Ragsdale Mortuary. Joseph Andrew Seraile Jr., a native New Orleanian, and the first of five sons, was born to Joseph Andrew Seraile Sr. and Lillian A. Toca Seraile, both who preceded him in death. Known to all as “Andrew”, as a youth, he benefited from instruction by school teachers at Valena C. Jones Elementary, Albert Wickre Jr. High, and McDonogh High School. Andrew was accepted to Dillard University in New Orleans, Louisiana. Immediately following his freshman year at Dillard, military service called him to duty. Andrew enlisted in the United States Army and served in the 452nd Battalion as an Anti-Aircraft Artillery Sergeant. After service to the country, Andrew was honorably discharged. He met and married Lolita Gonzales and from this union was born a son, Blaise Seraile. Andrew briefly studied at Howard University and Wayne State University. While living in Michigan, he was employed as an Inspector of Public Construction for the City of Detroit. Returning to Dillard University after a 12-year absence, Andrew earned his Bachelor of Arts degree with majors in mathematics and chemistry in 1961. His first employment was as a Specialties Chemist, then as a writer and editor at the Department of Agriculture. He was the first African-American Computer Engineer at Tulane University’s Biomedical Computer Center. After Tulane, Andrew relocated to California and was hired by the Los Angeles School Board. He returned to the tech field and worked for GTE telephone, several aerospace companies as a programmer-analyst, a systems analyst, database administrator, and systems administrator. Later in life, Andrew married Bennye Kate Whitfield and relocated to San Diego, California. Andrew enrolled in a three-year postgraduate program through Christ College Irvine (now Concordia West) where he was commissioned a diaconate minister in Pastoral Service to the Lutheran Church Missouri Synod in Southern California and was ordained non-denominationally. Redeemer Lutheran Church commissioned Andrew for service until his retirement from ministry in 2001. On Christmas Eve, Andrew passed into eternity, peacefully at home in the care of his devoted wife. He leaves a host of relatives and friends, including nieces and nephews, his wife of nearly 36 years, Bennye Kate Whitfield Seraile, his son, Blaise, stepdaughters Dr. Kimberly J. Bogan (Willie) and Dr. Helen V. Griffith (Stanley), and his brother, Elmore, to cherish his memory. Andrew’s three brothers, Leonard, Raymond, and Mervyn, all preceded him in death. We are thankful that God has been our help in ages past and our hope for years to come.

12/15/2021

ARRANGEMENTS BY ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY

Funeral services were held on January 8, 2022, at the Memory Chapel of AndersonRagsdale Mortuary. Final arrangements were entrusted to Anderson-Ragsdale Mortuary. DE’VEON MARQUIS GAMMAGE was born April 21, 2001, in Los Angeles, California, to Tomeka Brown and Jamahl Gammage. De’Veon was the second child of five and got the nickname “Da Da”, along with the nickname “Bub”, from his Papa Elsworth Freeman, the man he always looked up to. He attended Naranca Elementary in El Cajon, California. De’Veon won his teachers over with how bright and polite he was and being such a big helper. In 2010, we moved to the Oak Park area where he attended Oak Park Elementary. Sixth grade De’Veon attended Horace Mann middle school. In middle school De’Veon started playing youth football for the Balboa Raiders. De’Veon played youth football with the Balboa Raiders until he reached high school, when he began attending Patrick Henry High School and joined their football team. De’Veon really made his presence known and gained a lot of friends who loved and adored him. Playing football, De’Veon was called “Coco Thunder’’ and was a beast on the field. When De’Veon was off the field, his passion was writing stories. He always kept a pen and notebook with him and his creative mind going. De’Veon was very smart, had an awesome imagination and personality and was very well spoken with a great head on his shoulder and loved his family and friends dearly. On December 15, 2021, De’Veons life was short-lived and God gave him his wings to come home. De’Veon leaves behind his parents, Tomeka Brown and Jamahl Gammage, big sister, Porschea Brown-Burns, little brothers, Devonte Brown and Elijah Holley, little sister, Tiana Holley, grandmother, Thuressa Ballard-Freeman, grandpa, Willie Earl Brown, and a host of other family members and amazing friends. De’Veon was loved by many and he always kept his head held high, no matter what. De’Veon always had a smile on his face, and was always a caring and loving person with a beautiful soul. De’Veon was a playful, funny, silly person, and brought a party everywhere he went. De’Veon will be truly missed by everyone that got the pleasure to know him.

ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY 5050 Federal Boulevard San Diego, California 92102 (619) 263-3141 www.andersonragsdalemortuary.com

“STILL FAMILY OWNED STILL THE SAME QULAITY SERVICE STILL WORTHY OF YOUR TRUST”

SUNSET

12/24/2021

SUNSET

8/16/1939 12/5/2021

5/21/1927

H.W. “Skipper” Ragsdale, III Owner (In Memoriam)

Valerie Ragsdale Owner

Continuing over 130 Years of Service

Kevin Weaver General Manager

T he Lord is close to

the brokenhearted and saves those who are crushed in spirit. Psalm 34:18

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

CHURCH DIRECTORY Christians’ United in the Word of God 7965-B Broadway Street Lemon Grove, California 91945 Conference Call Worship Service: SUNDAYS 10:30 AM Call: 1-701-802-5400 Access Code 1720379#

Bishop / Pastor Adlai E. Mack

Rev. Luis A. Garcia, Sr. Pastor

All are Welcome to Join Us.

Pastor Milton Chambers, Sr. & First Lady Alice Chambers

Pastor Dennis Hodges First Lady Deborah Hodges

Pastor Dr. John E. Warren

Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church of San Diego

3094 L Street San Diego, CA 92102

3085 K Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.232.5683

619.232.0510 • www.bethelamesd.com

9:30 A.M. Sunday Service In Person, Live Stream on Facebook - www.facebook.com/stpaulsumcsd

10:00 A.M. Sunday Service In Person, Live Stream on Facebook, Youtube and on bethelamesd.com

Food Distribution Thursday Noon – 3:00 PM Diaper Program Thursday Noon – 2:00 PM

Rev. Harvey L. Vaughn, III

“Come Worship With Us”

New Hope Friendship Missionary Baptist Church

New Assurance Church Ministries

Mesa View Baptist Church

2205 Harrison Avenue San Diego, CA 92113

7024 Amherst Street San Diego, CA 92115

13230 Pomerado Road Poway, CA 92064

619-234-5506 • Fax 619 234-8732 Email: newhopeadm@gmail.com

619.469.4916 • NABC.ORG Email: newassurancebaptistchurch@yahoo.com

858.485.6110 • www.mesaview.org Email: mvbcadmin@mesaview.org

10 A.M. Sunday Service Live Stream on Facebook, Youtube, Sunday School Lesson Immediately following service. 12 P.M. Wednesday Bible Study Live Stream on Facebook, 2P.M. on Youtube

I was glad when they said to me, “Let us go to the house of the LORD!” Psalms 122:1

Rev. Dr. Obie Tentman, Jr.

St. Paul United Methodist Church of San Diego

10 A.M. Sunday Service Live Stream Facebook Pastor Rodney and Christine Robinson

6:30 P.M. Wednesday Live Stream Bible Study

Pastor Dr. Darrow Perkins Jr.

“A new Hope, A new Life, A new Way through Jesus Christ 2 Corinthians 5:17 A change is coming”

We are using YouTube under our website of www.mesaview.org or www.YouTube.com 8:45 A.M. Sunday School Class - Via Zoom Call Contact Office for details 10 A.M. Sunday Service • 7 P.M. Wednesday Bible Study Visit our site for previous sermons: www.mesaview.org

Lively Stones Missionary Baptist Church

Phillips Temple CME Church

Ebenezer Missionary Baptist Church

605 S. 45th Street San Diego, CA 92113-1905

5333 Geneva Ave. San Diego, CA 92114

1728 S. 39th Street San Diego, CA 92113

619.263.3097 • t.obie95@yahoo.com

619.262.2505

Sunday School 9 :00 a.m. Sunday Morning Worship 10:30 a.m. Wednesday Prayer 11:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon Wednesday Bible Study 7:00 p.m.

Sunday Breakfast @ 8:00 AM Church Service 9:00 AM In-Person and on, Live Stream Facebook.com/PTCSanDiego & YouTube - Zoom Go to ptcmesd@gmail.com Sunday School @ 10:30 Wednesday Bible Study @ 6:00 PM In-Person and On Zoom ID: 81144203904 P: 867104

619.262.6004 • Fax 619.262.6014 www.embcsd.com

Pastor Keith Eric Ellison

Sunday School 9 :30 a.m. Sunday Worship 11:00 a.m. Wednesday Prayer & Bible Study 12 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.

Pastor Jared B. Moten

“A Life Changing Ministry” Romans 12:2

The Church of Yeshua Ha Mashiach Hebrew for “Jesus the Messiah”

Bethel Baptist Church

Total Deliverance Worship Center

1819 Englewood Dr. Lemon Grove, CA 91945

1962 Euclid Ave. San Diego, CA 92105

138 28th Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.724.6226 • www.coyhm.org

619.266.2411 • www.bethelbc.com bethel@bethelbc.com

www.totaldeliverance.org Fax: 619.303.2008 Mail: 7373 University Ave. Suite 217, La Mesa, CA 91942

Sunday In the Know Bible Study 8:00 a.m. Sunday Worship Service 9:00 a.m. Saturday Shabbat Service 1:00-2:30 p.m.

Dr. John W. Ringgold, Sr. Pastor

Sunday Morning Prayer 6:00 & Worship 7:30 a.m. Sunday School 9 :30 a.m. Morning Worship Youth & Children’s Church 11:00 a.m. Community Prayer (Hemera) Mon., Tues., Thurs., Fri., Sat. 7:30 a.m. Mon., Tues., Thurs., Fri. 7:30 p.m. Mid Week Prayer Wednesday 12:00 noon and 7:00 p.m.

Suffragan Bishop Dr. William A. Benson, Pastor & Dr. Rachelle Y. Benson, First Lady

Sunday Early Morning Worship Service 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m.

“It Takes Team Work to Make the Dream Work”

Eagles Nest Christian Center

Mount Olive Baptist Church

Pilgrim Progressive Baptist Church

3619 College Ave. San Diego, CA 92115

36 South 35th Street San Diego, Ca 92113

4995 A Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.266.2293 • jwarren@sdvoice.info www.facebook.com/EaglesNestChristianCenter

619.239.0689 • mountolivebcsd.org

619.264.3369

Sunday First Worship 9:30 a.m. Second Worship 11:00 a.m. Wednesday Night Bible Study & Prayer 7:00 p.m. Cox Cable Channel 23 / 24

Sunday School 9 :00 a.m. Morning Service 10:45 a.m. New Membership Orientation BTU 6:00 p.m. Wednesday Eve Prayer Service 6:00 p.m.

Sunday Services: Bible Study: 9 :00 a.m. • Worship: 11:00 a.m.

Pastor Antonio D. Johnson

Join Us via Zoom Meeting:

Pastor Donnell and First Lady Sheila Townsend

Real God, Real People, Real Results.

Online or Dial: 1(669) 900-6833 Meeting ID: 747 601 3471 • Passcode: 626024

“To Serve this present age” Matt: 28:19-20

—

https://us02web.zoom.us/j/7476013471?pwd=O GdGbnVMZ0xORzVGaENMa203QWVNQT09 Meeting ID: 747 601 3471 • Passcode: church

YOU CAN NOW EXPERIENCE EAGLE’S NEST TEACHINGS ON YOUTUBE! Search: Pastor John E. Warren San Diego Minister Donald R. Warner Sr.

Voice &Viewpoint

625 Quail Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.264.1454 • warnerdt1@aol.com

619.263.4544

Sunday Bible Study 8:45 a.m. Sunday Morning Service 10:00 a.m. Sunday Bible Class 5:00 p.m. Sunday Evening Worship 6:00 p.m. Wednesday Bible Class 7:00 p.m. Friday Video Bible Class 7:00 p.m

Sunday School 9 :30 a.m. Sunday Morning Service 11:00 a.m. Sunday Evening Service 6:00 p.m. Wednesday Prayer Meeting 6:00 p.m. Wednesday Bible Study 6:30 p.m. Wednesday Youth Bible Study 6:30 p.m.

Pastor Rev. Julius R. Bennett

Calvary Baptist Church 719 Cesar E. Chavez Pkwy San Diego, CA 92113 619.233.6487 • www.calvarybcsd.org calvarybaptist1889@gmail.com

Dr. Emanuel Whipple, Sr. Th.D.

“We are waiting for You”

580 69th Street, San Diego, CA 92114

Sundays Bible Discovery Hour 9 :30 a.m. Mid Morning Worship 11:00 a.m. Wednesday Noon Day Bible Study 12:00 noon Wednesday Discipleship Training 7:00 p.m.

Your Congregation Church Here! Don’t miss this opportunity! For only $99 monthly

Call Us at (619) 266-2233 or Email: ads@sdvoice.info

“A Church Where Family, Faith & Fellowship Matters”

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We are a non-denominational full fellowship of believers dedicated to reach our community with the gospel and providing a place for believers to workship, learn, fellowship, serve and grow into the fullness of Christ Jesus. This ministry is to build people of Purpose, Prayer, Power, Praise and Prosperity. This mandate is being fulfilled by reaching the reality of the gospel in a simplistic fashion, and a result, learning how to apply it in everyday life.

Church of Christ

Macedonia Missionary Baptist Church

Thursday, January 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

www.sdvoice.info

n the last few years, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the MLK parade has been canceled. For your enjoyment, we are presenting highlights from past parades and community celebrations. Included here is a history of the Annual Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Parade by the late Dr Robert Matthews, who gave more than 30 years of leadership to the event.

2014

2015

2017

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that. ~ MLK

2019 The Local Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Parade History in San Diego By the late Dr. Robert Matthews

Added notes by Dr. John E. Warren

he Martin Luther King, Jr. Parade in San Diego started in 1980 at the Knox Elementary School on 49th Street. It was organized by Dr. Francine Wells. This was before there was a Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday or even a desire in San Diego to name a street after Dr. King, as so many other cities had done. The Knox Elementary School parade, which started on the school playground, was led by Dr. Goodwin, then Superintendent of Schools for San Diego. In 1981, a committee was formed to continue the parade. It was funded by the National Christian Foundation until 1985. It was in 1986 that the Alpha Phi Fraternity took on the responsibility of coordinating the parade. Dr. Carol Reeves and Dr. Robert are the only original Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity brothers who remain on the Parade Committee.

Prior to the creation of the Martin Luther King, Jr. National holiday, all parades of significance in San Diego were held on Broadway. As a means of validating Dr. King, the Parade moved from the community route which had grown to include 47th St., Imperial Avenue to Euclid Avenue and Euclid Avenue to Logan to downtown Broadway. After the establishment of the Federal Holiday in honor of Dr. King, all parades downtown were moved to Harbor Drive, with the exception of the King Parade. The initial reason was that the other parades took place during the week and did not interfere with cruiseship schedules as the industry began to grow in San Diego. The King Parade ended up marching around Petco Park’s Parking lot, which was a disgrace to many. After more talks with the San Diego Port Authority, it was agreed that the parade could take place on Harbor Drive on Sunday afternoons until this day.

2020

Photo by: Brian Goodin

Thursday, January 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

www.sdvoice.info

Coretta Scott King:

More Than the Widow of an Icon By D. Kevin McNeir

There is a Mrs. King. There is also Coretta. How one became detached from the other remains a mystery to me. Most people … know me as Mrs. King: the wife of, the widow of, the mother of, the leader of. Makes me sound like the attachments that come with my vacuum cleaner. … But I am more than a label, I am also Coretta. — Coretta Scott King

Coretta Scott King in October 1965. Photo via WikiMedia Commons.

he words above begin an in t i m a t e c o nv e r s a t i o n between Coretta Scott King, which occurred several years before her death in 2006, and the Reverend Dr. Barbara

Reynolds, local minister, journalist and author, shared in her book about Mrs. King.

the woman I presented was their mother and that it was really her story.”

Her published memoir, “My Life, My Love, My Legacy,” chronicles King from her early commitment to the Civil Rights Movement to her eventual marriage to Martin Luther King Jr. — a decision that almost immediately catapulted her into the maelstrom of history.

Reynolds shared several anecdotes that facilitated greater understanding about the complexities, choices and ultimate concerns that marked the life of Coretta Scott King after the murder of her husband.

“It took me almost 10 years to complete the project because I had to struggle and negotiate with the three living siblings [Martin III, Bernice and Dexter King] who each had their own thoughts about what should be included in the book,” she said. “They each wanted to feel that

“As we spent more time together, I became amazed by her courage,” Reynolds said. “After their home in Montgomery was bombed, Dr. King’s father told her that she and their infant child Yolanda needed to come with him to Atlanta for their own safety. She refused saying she had to stand with and support Martin. Despite

receiving daily death threats, she maintained ‘I am stronger than a crisis.’ She realized that she was ‘married to the movement.’” When asked to assess Mrs. King’s most lasting contributions to the movement and to securing her husband’s legacy, Reynolds cited two examples: the creation of the Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change in Atlanta and the establishment of a national holiday honoring the Jan. 15 birthday of Dr. King. “She discovered that many of the men who supported Dr. King were unwilling to support her,” Reynolds said. “But she didn’t let that deter her. After the March on Washington, the men told her she

needed to go back to the hotel so they could continue their work. She disliked feeling like ‘a caged bird’ that sang as Maya Angelou once described. She found ways to negotiate through the sexism that was typical within the Baptist leadership. “I would describe her as more than just a civil rights leader. She was a human rights leader because she wanted to go beyond the ‘isms’ of the world,” Reynolds said. “Still I wonder, after so many years of nurturing Dr. King’s legacy, who will nurture the legacy of Coretta Scott King?” This article appeared originally in The Washington Informer.

TODAY IN

BLACK HISTORY 1966

1990

2002

ROBERT C. WEAVER APPOINTED FIRST HEAD OF HUD

L. DOUGLAS WILDER BECOMES GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA

CHARITY ADAMS EARLEY PASSES

When he was appointed the first head of the newly created Department of Housing and Urban Development, R. C. Weaver also became the first Black American appointed to any Federal Cabinet, especially the President’s Cabinet. Born in 1907, Weaver earned three Har vard degrees, worked as a special assistant in FDR’s New Deal & Housing Authority, and was appointed to the National Defense Advisory Commission during WWII despite rampant segregation. Throughout his decades of government service, Weaver gained a reputation for suc-

cessfully advocating for Black Rights and equity in government operations and funding.

With his inauguration as Virginia’s governor, Lawrence Douglas Wilder became the first Black governor elected in the history of the United States.

While not the first Black Female U.S. Army officer (that would be the Nurse Corps’ Major Della H. Raney, who was commissioned in 1942), Earley was still one of the earliest Black female Army officers.

Born in Richmond, Virginia in 1931. Wilder is the grandson of slaves, and is named after both Frederick Douglass and Paul Laurence Dunbar. During the Korean War, he earned a Bronze Star for Heroism in Combat. After the war, he used the G.I. Bill to study law at Howard University. His first foray into politics came in 1969, when he became the first Black

After her commission in 1944, she was appointed commanding officer of the only all-Black Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (later WAC) units deployed overseas during World War II. Adams commanded the 6888th Central Postal Director y Battalion, traveling around the European theatre, sorting and redirecting huge backlogs of mail, processing around 65,000 pieces of mail a day.

person elected in Virginia following Reconstruction. Wilder’s gubernatorial administration has been praised for sound fiscal management and economic policies.

She requested removal from active duty in 1946 with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. Later in life, she founded the Black Leadership Development Program (BLDP), now better known as Parity Inc.

Working Toward Healthier Pregnancies - and Healthier Babies The facts are stark: Black women are three times more likely to die during childbirth than their non-Hispanic white counterparts, and non-Hispanic Black infants are twice as likely to die within their first year of life in comparison to non-Hispanic white infants. The question is “why?” PowerMom is trying to answer that question and so much more. PowerMom is a free, home-based mobile research platform that invites participants to contribute pregnancy-related health information via app-based surveys and wearable sensors. Eligible participants will be provided with a free Fitbit Luxe.

Visit powermom.scripps.edu to learn more.

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

Classified ads can be placed in person, by phone, fax, or email Monday-Thursday 9:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. P:619-266-2233 F:619-266-0533 E:ads@sdvoice.info

Include the following information: • • • •

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All classified ads are prepaid.

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Deadline is Tuesdays by NOON to run that week. • Name Change:$85.00 (4 weeks) • Standard Classified: $3.75 a line • Summons: $130.00 (4 weeks) • Fictitious Business Name: $25.00 (4 weeks)

WE ACCEPT:

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San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000284 Fictitious business name(s): ComPetent Trash Removal Located at: 615 Moss st. #23 Chula Vista, CA 91911 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 01/01/2022 This business is hereby registered by the following: Chrystyan Gutierrez 615 Moss st #23 Chula Vista, CA 91911 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 05, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 05, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000217 Fictitious business name(s): Rise Above Yoga Located at: 2220 Finch Lane San Diego, CA 92123 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 01/01/2022 This business is hereby registered by the following: Madeline Mackey 2220 Finch Lane San Diego, CA 92123 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 05, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 05, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000347 Fictitious business name(s): Go APE Roadside Assistance Located at: 4075 Park Blvd 278 San Diego, CA 92103 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company The first day of business was: 11/20/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Go APE Delivery, LLC 4075 Park Blvd 278 San Diego, CA 92103 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 06, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 06, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000365 Fictitious business name(s): Spotless Clean SD, LLC Located at: 534 64th Street San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego --P.O. Box 152452 San Diego, CA 92195 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company The first day of business was: 06/30/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Spotless Clean SD, LLC 534 64th Street San Diego, CA 92114 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 06, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 06, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000235 Fictitious business name(s): Notarized to a T Located at: 5666 La Jolla Blvd #224 La Jolla, CA 92037 County of San Diego This business is conducted by:

An Individual The first day of business was: 09/01/2000 This business is hereby registered by the following: Tanya Jackson 5666 La Jolla Blvd #224 La Jolla, CA 92037 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 05, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 05, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000234 Fictitious business name(s): San Diego Steel Drum Ambassadors Located at: 7272 Saranac St #69 La Mesa, CA 91942 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Corporation The first day of business was: 10/01/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: San Diego Steel Drum Ambassadors 7272 Sarnac St. #69 La Mesa, CA 91942 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 05, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 05, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000296 Fictitious business name(s): Drea_Cutz Located at: 601 Telegraph Canyon Rd #263 Chula Vista, CA 91910 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 01/06/2022 This business is hereby registered by the following: Andrea Benitez 601 Telegraph Canyon Rd #263 Chula Vista, CA 91910 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 06, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 06, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028223 Fictitious business name(s): Dakkon Collection Located at: 2613 Camino De Las Palmas Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A General Partnership Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Rashmi Shrestha 10178 Camino Ruiz, Apt #49 San Diego, CA 92126 --Smita Giri 2613 Camino De Las Palmas Lemon Grove, CA 91945 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 22, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 22, 2026 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000263 Fictitious business name(s): Sana Styles Located at: 3651 Midway Dr #23 San Diego, CA 92110 County of San Diego --931 22nd St #2 San Diego, CA 92102 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above

This business is hereby registered by the following: Hossana Paida 931 22nd St #2 San Diego, CA 92102 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 05, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 05, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000516 Fictitious business name(s): Elite Academy Of Taekwondo And Self Defense Located at: 7052 Eckstrom Ave. San Diego, CA 92111 County of San Diego --1129 Evelyn St San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Caroline M Climax 1129 Evelyn St. San Diego, CA 92114 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 10, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 10, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000128 Fictitious business name(s): Conglomerate Services --CC LLC Located at: 6669 Amherst St San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company The first day of business was: 01/11/2020 This business is hereby registered by the following: Conglomerate Services 6669 Amherst St San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 04, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 04, 2027 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028548 Fictitious business name(s): Mobile Touch Wireless Located at: 4990 University Ave #D San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Joint Venture Registrant has not yet begun to conduct business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Abdullahi Ali Mohamud 38671/2 Winona Ave San Diego, CA 92105 --Hassan Osman Aboirahman 3810 Winona Ave #216 San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 29, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 29, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027265 Fictitious business name(s): Art By Isbl Located at: 5462 Bayview Heights Place Apt 7 San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/06/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following:

Isabel Cecilia Garcia 5462 Bayview Heights Place Apt 7 San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 10, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 10, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000014 Fictitious business name(s): Braid Made Located at: 1609 E 18th St National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego --601 E Palomar St. Ste C PMB 548 Chula Vista, CA 91911 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company The first day of business was: 01/01/2022 This business is hereby registered by the following: Braid Made LLC 1609 E 18th St Apt 9 National City, CA 91950 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 03, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 03, 2027 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028493 Fictitious business name(s): Nasty City Clothing --Nasty city Apparel Located at: 2636 E. Division St National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/28/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Linda Alonzo Bahena 2636 E. Division St National City, CA 91950 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 28, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 28, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000038 Fictitious business name(s): SunShine Construction & Repairs Located at: 4774 Auburn Dr. Apt. D San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 02/24/2017 This business is hereby registered by the following: Eriberto Martinez 4774 Auburn Dr. Apt. D San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 03, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 03, 2027 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028106 Fictitious business name(s): Olivetta Family Child Care Located at: 2845 Clay Avenue San Diego, CA 92113 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 11/05/2004 This business is hereby registered by the following: Olivetta Jones 2845 Clay Avenue San Diego, CA 92113 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 21, 2021

This fictitious business name will expire on December 21, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028763 Fictitious business name(s): Curtis Freitas & Associates Located at: 421 Broadway #72 San Diego, CA 92101 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/30/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Curtis D. Freitas 421 Broadway #72 San Diego, CA 92101 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 30, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 30, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028661 Fictitious business name(s): Snap Sparkle Pop --See Sparks Fly Events Located at: 1501 Island Ave #528 San Diego, CA 92101 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/30/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Maria Sparks 1501 Island Avenue #528 San Diego, CA 92101 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 30, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 30, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028546 Fictitious business name(s): 12 Step Stop Located at: 5065 Logan Avenue San Diego, CA 92113 County of San Diego --757 Broadview Street Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: Co-Partners Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Charles Linwood Calhoun 757 Broadview Street Spring Valley, CA 91977 --Tina Renee’ Chavis 757 Broadview Street Spring Valley, CA 91977 --Monya Davis 430 South Willie James Jones (unit C) San Diego, CA 92113 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 29, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 29, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028494 Fictitious business name(s): South East Barrio Area Of Narcotics Anonymous Sebana Located at: 3914 Murphy Canyon Rd STE-A240 San Diego, CA 92123 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Unicorporated Association - Other than a Partnership Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Roy Bowman

3914 Murphy Canyon Rd STE-A240 San Diego, CA 92123 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 28, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 28, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028514 Fictitious business name(s): Big Cuts Barber Salon Located at: 1736 Euclid Avenue San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 09/03/2016 This business is hereby registered by the following: Marc S Ritchey 1736 Euclid Avenue San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 29, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 29, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028005 Fictitious business name(s): Fallou Hair Braiding Located at: 5257 El Cajon Blvd San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego --5757 University Ave San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 04/04/2014 This business is hereby registered by the following: Deguene Ndiaye 5757 University Ave San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 20, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 20, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028313 Fictitious business name(s): Touba Hair Braiding Located at: 6110 University Ave San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 07/23/1999 This business is hereby registered by the following: Mbaya Ndiaye 6110 University Ave San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 23, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 23, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028489 Fictitious business name(s): Nasty City --Nasty City Nails Located at: 1755 Euclid Avenue San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego --2636 E Division St National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/28/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Linda Alonzo Bahena 2636 E Division St National City, CA 91950 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 28, 2021

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EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY DIGITAL EQUITY MANAGER Manage digital equity projects throughout San Diego. Call (619) 699-1900 or visit www.sandag.org/jobs for information. First review 01/21/2022. EOE.

LEGAL NOTICES NOTICE TO BIDDERS NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the City of San Diego (City) is seeking to receive Electronic Bids for the below named Public Works project. The solicitation, including plans and specifications, may be obtained from the City’s website at: ht t ps: // w w w.s an di e g o. g o v / c i p / b i d o p p s Contractors intending to submit a Bid must be prequalified. Please refer to the solicitation for instructions. Project Name: Pure Water Program (PWP) Morena Conveyance South & Middle and Morena Conveyance Bike Lanes (BL) Project Number: K-22-1797DBB-3-A Estimated Value: $106,300,000.00 Mandatory Pre-Bid Meeting: 1/6/22 at 1:00 P.M. GoToMeetings Bid Open Date: 2/23/2022, at 2:00 P.M. License Requirement: Class A It is the policy of the City of San Diego to encourage equal opportunity in its Construction and Consultant contracts. Bids or proposals from local firms, small, minority-owned, disabled, veteran-owned, and womenowned businesses are strongly encouraged. Contractors are encouraged to subcontract with and/or participate in joint ventures with these firms. The City is committed to equal opportunity and will not discriminate with regard to race, religion, color, ancestry, age, gender, disability, medical condition or place of birth; and will not do business with any firm that discriminates on any basis. Bids shall be received no later than the date and time noted above at: City of San Diego’s Electronic Biding Site PlanetBids at: https://www.planetbids.com/p ortal/portal.cfm?Companyid= 17950 Claudia C Abarca, Director Purchasing & Contracting Department December 30, 2021 1/13/22 CNS-3542670# VOICE & VIEWPOINT NEWS

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000485 Fictitious business name(s): Kelliz Catering --Kelliz Korner Baking & Pastries --JDB “The Real Deal” Auto Detailing Located at: 9557 Cambury Drive Santee, CA 92071 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: Co-Partners The first day of business was: 01/07/2022 This business is hereby registered by the following: Kelli L. Olson 9557 Cambury Drive Santee, CA 92071 --James D. Branson 9557 Cambury Drive Santee, CA 92071 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of

San Diego County on January 07, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 07, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000571 Fictitious business name(s): LIVEX Located at: 4857 College Ave #17 San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 09/05/2020 This business is hereby registered by the following: Curtis howard 4857 College Ave #17 San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 10, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 10, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2022-9000551 Fictitious business name(s): Frank’s Concrete Supplier Located at: 4544 Clairemont Dr. San Diego, CA 92117 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Corporation Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Frank’s Concrete Inc 4544 Clairemont Dr. San Diego, CA 92117 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on January 10, 2022 This fictitious business name will expire on January 10, 2027 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028012 Fictitious business name(s): SKYLine Barbershop Located at: 1503 Skyline Dr Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego --7951 mount vernon st Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Martha Ortiz 7951 Mount Vernon st Lemon Grove, CA 91945 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 20, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 20, 2026 1/13, 1/20, 1/27, 2/3

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Thursday, January 13, 2022 • The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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This fictitious business name will expire on December 28, 2026 1/6, 1/13, 1/20, 1/27 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027581 Fictitious business name(s): KCP Coaching and Consulting --Kimberly Casey Consulting Located at: 6930 Hyde Park Drive #216 San Diego, CA 92119 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 02/25/2009 This business is hereby registered by the following: Kimberly Casey Pettiford 6930 Hyde Park Drive #216 San Diego, CA 92119 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 14, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 14, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028096 Fictitious business name(s): Tots Of Tomorrow Childcare Located at: 4029 43rd St Apt 319 San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Carlencie Pierre 4029 43rd St Apt 319 San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 20, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 20, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027692 Fictitious business name(s): Las Panchitas Mexican Grill Located at: 3542 Ashford St San Diego, CA 92111 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 12/15/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Anahi Aguero 3542 Ashford St San Diego, CA 92111 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 15, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 15, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028367 Fictitious business name(s): De La Studio Located at: 5171 Mission Center Rd. Suite #35 San Diego, CA 92108 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Jennifer De La Rosa 849 Galopago St. Spring Valley, CA 91977 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 27, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 27, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028317 Fictitious business name(s): Candee Coated Nails --Candy Coated Nails Located at: 7905 Broadway Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego --293 Woodway Ct San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 11/23/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Candace L Johnson 293 Woodway Ct

San Diego, CA 92114 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 27, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 27, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028347 Fictitious business name(s): Telekom Wireless Located at: 6070 University Ave San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 11/01/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Mohamed A. Mumin 7106 Westview Pl #C San Diego, CA 91945 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 27, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 27, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028328 Fictitious business name(s): Agustin C Auto Wholesale Located at: 5723 Sunny View Dr. Bonita, CA 91902 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Agustin Rivera Cunningham 5723 Sunny View Dr. Bonita, CA 91902 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 27, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 27, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028316 Fictitious business name(s): king gambit Accepted Located at: 4779 Seminole Dr. Apt 111 San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: king gambit Accepted 4779 Seminole Dr. Apt 111 San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 23, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 23, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028144 Fictitious business name(s): Give Light Doula & Advocacy Services --Give Light Swim School Located at: 4435 Estrella Ave Apt 5 San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 10/01/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Nyisha Green-Washington 4435 Estrella Ave Apt 5 San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 21, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 21, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9028276 Fictitious business name(s): Vicky’s Hair Studio Located at: 1281 9th Ave Suite 101 San Diego, CA 92101 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 08/01/2014 This business is hereby registered by the following: Nethal P. Yaldo 5930 High Place Dr. San Diego, CA 92120 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on

December 23, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 23, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027763 Fictitious business name(s): Meza’s Towing Located at: 8623 Ildica St Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Married Couple The first day of business was: 02/01/2002 This business is hereby registered by the following: Deni Adrian Meza 8623 Ildica St. Spring Valley, CA 91977 --Antoinette Valerie Meza 8623 Ildica St Spring Valley, CA 91977 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 15, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 15, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027590 Fictitious business name(s): Diaz & Co Exterior Services Located at: 3173 Bancroft Dr. Sp. 28 Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Richard Diaz 3173 Bancroft Dr. Sp.28 Spring Valley, CA 91977 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 14, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 14, 2026 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027231 Fictitious business name(s): KW Consulting Business Located at: 3444 Durant Street San Diego, CA 92113 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Kim Walters 3444 Durant Street San Diego, CA 92113 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 10, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 10, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027921 Fictitious business name(s): Skills Resources and Solutions --Skills Resources & Solutions Located at: 12037 Calle De Medio, #98 El Cajon, CA 92019 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Sean R. Slaughter 12037 Calle De Medio, #98 El Cajon, CA 92019 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 17, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 17, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027656 Fictitious business name(s): Trifecta Media Located at: 7721 Golfcrest Dr San Diego, CA 92119 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: Co-Partners The first day of business was: 12/13/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Craig Glover 7721 Golfcrest Dr San Diego, CA 92119 ---

Alex Basanec 10993 Waterton Rd San Diego, CA 92131 --Cody Barker 13090 Wimberly Sq Unit 58 San Diego, CA 92128 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 15, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 15, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9026521 Fictitious business name(s): Ramen Inn Located at: 15727 Bernardo Heights Parkway Ste#102 San Diego, CA 92128 County of San Diego --3860 Convoy St Ste# 121 San Diego, CA 92111 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: A Corporation Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Mikami Sushi Inc 3860 Convoy St Ste# 121 San Diego, CA 92128 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 01, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 01, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9026945 Fictitious business name(s): Y’s Boutique Located at: 855 10th St. Imperial Beach, CA 91932 County of San Diego --780 Dennery Rd. Ste.303-136 San Diego, CA 92154 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Yaritza Morgan 855 10th St. Imperial Beach, CA 91932 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 07, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 07, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027855 Fictitious business name(s): Spshelle Faith Rutledge --Spshelle Inspires Located at: 4528 56th St Apt 6 San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 05/01/2020 This business is hereby registered by the following: Spshelle Rutledge 4528 56th St apt 6 San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 16, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 16, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9027670 Fictitious business name(s): The Avenue 619 Located at: 6211 Imperial Avenue San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was: 09/22/2021 This business is hereby registered by the following: Muslah Abdul-Hafeez 6443 Imperial Avenue San Diego, CA 92114 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 15, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on December 15, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13 ----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2021-9026273 Fictitious business name(s): Calvin Clean Pest Control Located at: 3860 Boren Street San Diego, CA 92115

County of San Diego This business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under the name(s) above This business is hereby registered by the following: Kelvin Kasumba 3860 Boren Street San Diego, CA 92115 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 29, 2021 This fictitious business name will expire on November 29, 2026 12/23, 12/30, 1/6, 1/13

Department of the San Diego Court, the following Order is made:

PRESENT NAME: Gabriel Malachi Fortt

NAME CHANGE SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA County of San Diego 330 W Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 Hall of Justice 37-2021-00051806CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Kariesha Lamar To All Interested Persons: Petitioner Kariesha Lamar and Kenneth Lamar Jr On Behalf Of Minor Child filed a petition with this court for a decree changing names as follows: PRESENT NAME: Kavon Samuel Lamar-Canada PROPOSED NAME: Kavon Samuel Lamar THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file a written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hearing. NOTICE OF HEARING Date: January 25, 2022 Time: 8:30 A.M. Dept. C-61 Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which poses a substantial risk to the health and welfare of court personnel and the public, rendering presence in, or access to, the court’s facilities unsafe, and pursuant to the emergency orders of the Chief Justice of the State of California and General Orders of the Presiding

NO HEARING WILL OCCUR ON THE DATE SPECIFIED IN THE ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE. The court will review the documents filed as of the date specified on the Order to Show Cause for Change of Name (JC Form #NC-120). If all requirements for a name change have been met as of the date specified, and no timely written objection has been received (required at least two court days before the date specified), the Petition for Change of Name (JC Form #NC-100) will be granted without a hearing. One certified copy of the Order Granting the Petition will be mailed to the petitioner. If all the requirements have not been met as of the date specified, the court will mail the petitioner a written order with further directions. If a timely objection is filed, the court will set a remote hearing date and contact the parties by mail with further directions. A RESPONDENT OBJECTING TO THE NAME CHANGE MUST FILE A WRITTEN OBJECTION AT LEAST TWO COURT DAYS (excluding weekends and holidays) BEFORE THE DATE SPECIFIED. Do not come to court on the specified date. The court will notify the parties by mail of a future remote hearing date. Any Petition for the name change of a minor that is signed by only one parent must have this Attachment served along with the Petition and Order to Show Cause, on the other nonsigning parent, and proof of service must be filed with the court. The address of the court is: 330 W Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20 ----------------------------------SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA County of San Diego Hall of Justice 330 W. Broadway, Room 225 San Diego, CA 92101 37-2021-00053164CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Octavius J. Reese To All Interested Persons: Petitioner Octavius J. Reese On Behalf Of Minor Child filed a petition with this court for a decree changing names as follows:

REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS Request for Proposals (RFP) ON-CALL COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE BROKER SERVICES The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is seeking proposals from qualified firms to provide consulting services to support the efforts associated with Commercial Real Estate Broker Services. It is anticipated that up to two contracts will be awarded as a result of this RFP. A non-mandatory virtual pre-proposal meeting will be held on Wednesday, February 9, 2022 at 9:30 a.m. PST via Microsoft Teams. Additional details and registration information will be posted to SANDAG’s web-based vendor portal at www.sandag.org/contracts . A copy of the RFP (No. SOL890664) and related documents/forms can be accessed from the vendor portal or by contacting Melissa Antonoplis, Contract Administrator, at melissa.antonoplis@sandag.org. Proposals are due by 5:00 p.m. PST on Monday, February 28, 2022.

PROPOSED NAME: Gabriel Malachi Reese THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file a written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hearing.

LEGAL NOTICES

HONORING MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. 01/15/1929-04/04/1968

NOTICE OF HEARING Date: February 02, 2022 Time: 8:30 A.M. Dept. 61 Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which poses a substantial risk to the health and welfare of court personnel and the public, rendering presence in, or access to, the court’s facilities unsafe, and pursuant to the emergency orders of the Chief Justice of the State of California and General Orders of the Presiding Department of the San Diego Court, the following Order is made: NO HEARING WILL OCCUR ON THE DATE SPECIFIED IN THE ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE. The court will review the documents filed as of the date specified on the Order to Show Cause for Change of Name (JC Form #NC-120). If all requirements for a name change have been met as of the date specified, and no timely written objection has been received (required at least two court days before the date specified), the Petition for Change of Name (JC Form #NC-100) will be granted without a hearing. One certified copy of the Order Granting the Petition will be mailed to the petitioner. If all the requirements have not been met as of the date specified, the court will mail the petitioner a written order with further directions. If a timely objection is filed, the court will set a remote hearing date and contact the parties by mail with further directions. A RESPONDENT OBJECTING TO THE NAME CHANGE MUST FILE A WRITTEN OBJECTION AT LEAST TWO COURT DAYS (excluding weekends and holidays) BEFORE THE DATE SPECIFIED. Do not come to court on the specified date. The court will notify the parties by mail of a future remote hearing date. Any Petition for the name change of a minor that is signed by only one parent must have this Attachment served along with the Petition and Order to Show Cause, on the other nonsigning parent, and proof of service must be filed with the court.

“There comes a time when one must take a position that is neither safe, nor politic, nor popular, but he must take it because conscience tells him it is right.” From his February 1968 “A Proper Sense of Priorities “ Speech

Standard Classified:

$3.75

[per line]

---

Fictitious Business Name:

$25

[4 weeks]

---

Name Change:

$85

[4 weeks]

The address of the court is: 330 W. Broadway, Room 225 San Diego, CA 92101 12/30, 1/6, 1/13, 1/20

FILE YOUR FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME WITH US TODAY!

ADVERTISEMENT FOR BIDS Advertisement for Bids Notice is hereby given that the San Diego Unified School District, acting by and through its governing board, will receive “ELECTRONIC- ONLY” bids for the furnishing of all labor, materials, transportation, equipment, and services to: REPAIR EXISTING BEAMS IN 3 BUILDINGS AT JONES ELEMENTARY SCHOOL A mandatory site visit is scheduled for 1:00 p.m. on WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 19, 2022, outside the main office of Jones Elementary School, 2751 Greyling Dr, San Diego, CA 92123. Contractors must attend site walk to be able to bid this project. ALL CONTRACTORS MUST PREREGISTER WITH THE DISTRICT PRIOR TO ATTENDING THE SITE WALK. Please send only one representative per Company. Contact Sharon Cheng scheng@sandi.net for the link to preregister. PLEASE SEE BID FOR DETAILS (No. CC22-0646-24). REVISED COVID-19 SITE WALK SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WILL BE ENFORCED Please refer to Planwell (www.crispimg.com, click on PlanWell, Public Planroom, search SDUSD and project bid number CC22-0646-24) for Site Walk Safety Precautions AND preregistration information. All bids must be received electronically at or before 1:00 p.m. on FEBRUARY 3, 2022. Firms interested in submitting a bid package must go to https://www.planetbids.com/portal/portal. cfm?CompanyID=43764 then search under “Bid Opportunities” for “Invitation number” CC22-064624 Reinforce Structural Beams in 3 Classrooms at Jones Elementary School. For new vendors, please register under “New Vendor Registration”. The project estimate is between $100,000 and $115,000. This is not a PSA project and does not require prequalification. The District requires that Bidders possess any of the following classification(s) of California State Contractors License(s), valid and in good standing, at the time of bid opening and contract award: B or other appropriate license, subject to District approval. SAN DIEGO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT, Andrea O’Hara, M.A., Strategic Sourcing and Contracts Officer, Strategic Sourcing and Contracts Department CC22-0646-24.

PLACE YOUR CLASSIFIEDS... By Phone: (619) 266-2233 By Fax: (619) 266-0533 By Email: ads@sdvoice.

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, January 13, 2022

BUSINESS NEWS

LGHS Appoints Mike Norris Photographer-In-Residence

BUSINESS DIRECTORY

The Lemon Grove Historical Society will also feature Norris’ work in solo exhibition at the Parsonage Museum Voice & Viewpoint Newswire The Lemon Grove Historical Society (LGHS) increased its talent pool, effective Jan. 1, 2022, by appointing Mike Norris Photographer-in Residence. Norris joins Kathleen Strzelecki, Artistin-Residence, and Robert Stuckey, Videographer-inResidence, both well-known for their work in portraying and documenting American history. “We are thrilled to have Mike on board,” said Laura Hook, LGHS president. “His reputation preceded him, of course. But when he brilliantly photographed our Oct. 8-9, 2021 ‘Treganza Extravaganza,’ the public dedication of Treganza Heritage Park, we knew we had a winner. Thank you, Mike!” As photographer-in-residence, Norris will cover major public events sponsored by the historical society and undertake its special photo shoots. Private and

public funding underwrites the services of this important artist. Norris’s passion for photography is no accident. Half a century ago, he picked up a camera and never looked back. What he photographed became his ticket to ride— all the way home as a four-time Hall of Fame photographer with Joe Morgan, the great second baseman; Ronnie Lott, the superb linebacker for the San Francisco Forty-Niners; LaDainian Tomlinson, the winning running back for the San Diego Chargers; and Junior Seau (for whom Norris became the personal photographer), the legendary linebacker for the Chargers. Tiger Woods’ golf clinics for youth, social events and much more comprise the Norris oeuvre. Today Mike shoots for a range of news media like the historic San Diego Voice & Viewpoint, one of the oldest Black newspapers in the

nation, as well as for private clients in his studio. He has amassed a portfolio of arresting images that form the basis of his one-man shows. But this modest man has never forgotten the close friend who recognized his talent: Kenneth P. Green, staff photographer for the Oakland Tribune. “l would do ridealongs with Kenneth on his newspaper assignments. One day he said I would make a great photographer. I simply laughed out loud. I had no intention of being a photographer.” (At the time Norris worked as a nightclub singer and drummer.) Norris continues: “Whatever Kenneth saw in me was prophetic. As a top-rated photographer, I owe it all to him, as well as to inspirations like Gordon Parks whose work I studied, and to mastering various cameras, from the original film-and-darkroom cameras to the current and evolving smartphone cam-

Photo: Ife Babatunde

eras and online techniques. “I learned from Kenneth the importance of interpersonal skills that put people at ease, so they turn from stiff and embarrassed to relaxed and personable. This makes the difference between a plain old photo and one that jumps off the page alive and vibrant. There is great joy in this work.” LGHS will mount a solo exhibition of Norris’s work in the Betty Hunter Gallery of the Parsonage Museum of Lemon Grove in February. Start and end dates, and the date and time of the opening reception will be announced later this January.

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Find Mike Norris Studio, Master Photographer, at imageseed@gmail.com.

(619) 266-2208

ARTICLE CONTINUATION Thankful: Continued from cover Photos courtesy of Conita Butts

received through it all. August 12, I went into remission, and I am now cancer-free! I am so grateful for life, the kindness of others and for God being with me. I am thankful.

symptoms that come with the virus, but thanks be unto God that it did not affect my lungs or my breathing. I am grateful because I know Him as a healer, deliverer, and an encourager.

~ Janice Grove Todd

~ Terry Jackson Terry Jackson

Bishop Roy Dixon.

I’m still alive! God has blessed me to see a new year after enduring some difficult times, including the loss of my wife, Starrie, in 2020. God is faithful and I am forever grateful to Him. ~ Bishop Roy Dixon

Pastor Eric Miller

I am thankful for my life, in general. The year 2020 almost cost me my life and 2021 was a year of healing. I am just thankful. This year is a renewal of the work for Christ. The scripture Psalm 103: 1-5 is my focus ~ Pastor Eric Miller

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bring joy and light to the world. I’m thankful for constant daily lessons, and that I get to choose the kind of life that I want to live. And I’m thankful to live in a beautiful city where there are many places to get out and enjoy the outdoors.

I am thankful because God has kept me wrapped in His arm all my life. I am a survivor of verbal and sexual abuse as a child, but I am grateful for how God brought me out, healed my heart and my emotions. Through the ups and downs of life that have come my way, I am grateful that God brought me out, for He has been my biggest encourager. When my two sons at age 2 and 4, were in the hospital at the same time with Meningitis, I am grateful that God did not take them. I contracted the corona virus in November. I lost my smell and had all the other

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on faith, praying, and believing that God will heal the land. We take nothing for granted. We give thanks for everything every day. We are grateful! ~ The Gorings

Joanne Smith Hooks

Neema Black

I’m thankful for my health, my family, friends, my home, access to an abundance of healthy foods, and all of my material comforts. I’m thankful that God has blessed me with the ability to use my voice and my gifts to be of service to others, and to

The Gorings

We are grateful for another year of God’s mercy and His grace. We are also grateful for a loving family, and for great friends. The last couple of years have been extremely trying for so many, but here we are standing

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~ Neema Black

Janice Grove Todd

I am grateful for my relationship with God and for all that I have learned while attending church since my teen years. The year 2021 brought in a series of unexpected events. One of the events happened the first week of January 2021, when I had a hard fall. As a result, I fractured my right leg in two places and for six weeks, I was immobile and sat with an elevated foot. Then, on March 17, 2021, I was diagnosed with a blood cancer, multiple myeloma. I did not panic. Maybe he thought I didn’t hear him, so he repeated it. I responded that I had peace with it because the Word of God was in my heart. I underwent 16 chemotherapy treatments, but I still have a head full of hair! I am thankful for the massive amount of outpouring of love I

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I am thankful for everything I have experienced this past year. I cannot complain about anything because God has been so faithful to me. My husband just suffered a major medical event, but I know that God will take care of him, through it all! ~JoAnne Smith Hooks

Thursday, JANUARY 13, 2022 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

www.sdvoice.info

Congratulations Honorees Continuing a History of Service

February, 4th, 2022 | 6-8 PM Register for the Virtual Event at www.sdvoice.info/gala HONOREES

Precious Jackson-Hubbard

Bishop A.B. Vines, Sr.

Laila Aziz

Tasha Williamson

GERRI WARREN HUMANITARIAN AWARD

GOOD SHEPHERD AWARD

UNSUNG HERO AWARD

ENTERTAINMENT

Karen Briggs

San Diego Food Bank

VIOLINIST

ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE AWARD

Feeding San Diego ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE AWARD

SPECIAL THANKS TO ALL OUR SPONSORS: