Just How Powerful is the Earth?
Golden Threads
Enquiry Questions: 1. What does the Earth look like on the inside? 2. Has our planet always looked the same? 3. What happens along the boundaries of the Earth’s plates? 4. What are volcanoes and what happens when they erupt? 5. What are earthquakes and what happens when they occur?
Environment Maps Change settlement
The Layers of the Earth Volcanoes
Fagradalsfjall volcano in Grindavik,Iceland
Key Vocabulary: Continent - any of the world's main continuous expanses of land (Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America, Australia, Antarctica).
The Earth is made up of several different layers. Underneath the crust is the mantle which is made up of semi-molten rock. Sometimes this rock becomes so pressurised that it turns into a liquid called magma. When the pressure becomes too great, the magma explodes through vents in the crust as lava. Toxic gas and ash are also released. These vents are volcanoes. They can be active, dormant or extinct.
Equator - a line notionally drawn on the earth equidistant from the poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°. Pangea - The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. Pangaea was the single continent, which
over time broke up into the continents we have today. Volcano – a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapour, and gas are or have been erupted from the earth's crust Lava - hot molten or semi-fluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure, or solid rock resulting from cooling of this. Earthquake - a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action Seismograph - an instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes, such as force and duration. Tsunami - a long, high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other disturbance
Inside a Volcano