Knowledge organiser – Mountains What will we be learning? • • • • • •
What a mountain is. The features of a mountain. How mountains are formed. Mountain climates. The UK and world’s highest mountains. The importance of the Himalayas.
Key facts The World’s Seven Summits (the highest peaks on each continent): Everest (Asia), Aconcagua (South America), Denali (North America), Kilimanjaro (Africa), Elbrus (Europe), Vinson Massif (Antarctica), Carstensz Pyramid (Oceania)
Key knowledge A mountain is a landform that sticks up, high above the surrounding land. It is much taller than a hill (600 metres or above, in the UK) and is often found grouped with others in a mountain range. Mountains are formed when two of the earth’s plates collide and land is pushed upwards or folded. Mountains have their own climates.
Place names Ben Nevis Himalayas Mount Snowdon Pacific Ring of Fire Scafell Pike Slieve Donard
Geographical terms and processes alpine avalanche landform slope summit valley
Locational terms altitude height above sea level map index map reference scale bar
Glossary dome mountains: mountains formed by magma pushing upwards, but without a volcanic eruption fault-block mountains: mountains formed by parts of a broken plate being forced upwards fire mountains: mountains formed by volcanic eruptions fold mountains: mountains formed by the earth’s plates pushing together scale bar: a line that shows how many kilometres there would be in the real world for every centimetre on a map.