Issuu

TABLE CONTENTS JOURNAL EDITION

JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN ARMY FOUNDED IN 1856

From 1985 to 1990 Editor in Chief PIER GIORGIO FRANZOSI Deputy Editor Giovanni Cerbo Translators: Mr. David Giddings and Mr. McGilvrey (from British Institute of Roma) From 1998 to 2002 Editor in Chief Giovanni CERBO Supervised by Omero Rampa Translator: Nicola Petrucci Text reviser: Lia Nardella

From 2003 to 2005 Editor in Chief Giuseppe Giovanni Maria TRICARICO Supervised by Omero Rampa Translator: Nicola Petrucci Text reviser: Lia Nardella

From 2006 to 2007 Editor in Chief Marco CENTRITTO Supervised by Omero Rampa Translator: Nicola Petrucci Text revisers: Lia Nardella and Sara Greggi

From 2008 to 2010 Editor in Chief Marco CIAMPINI Supervised by Omero Rampa ( 2008-2009) and Marcello Ciriminna (2010) Translator: Nicola Petrucci Text revisers: Lia Nardella and Sara Greggi

1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number one 1985 January-February.

The aim o f : he Riv i~:.tH Mi lilore i-:. tc broaden and up<latc tt-c tcchnic~ I <.md voc:<!: 1o nal training o! P..rrnv OH cers and NCO~;. To th :s end it function::. ;,i~_; a · ·.rt-:hic ln ior the dissemination of m1 11:u:y t ·1 ink,nQ anc as a forum ef study :::nd dehale. Tt,e R1v 1s1a rvl i i ~arc is a 1!.io intc n<Jud to :.~e a m eans of inicrm ing the g<·Hl ertd pub li c abou~ t,c /\rmy and mi litnry muHr~H.> :h r::-.>u!'.;11 th e pub !tcatic-n o' ar: icles o f c.urren1 techni c.s I and sci-enti t c intcrc!-.>L

Europ ean Military Press Association

RIVISTA MILITARE

An Army for the 21st Century. ( Umberlo Cappuao)

Editor: Col. Pier Giorgio Franzosi.

Major Armoured Units in Italy. (Ferru ccio /3otu, Nicola P1gna10J

The "Susa" Alpine Battalion.

Deputy Editor: Maj. G iovanni Cerbo Telephone 47353078.

(Carlo Cabig ;osu J

39 64

Graphic: Lt. Rino Fusi. Editorial Office: Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Rome · Tel. 6794200 ·

The Americans in Vietnam. War and Literature .

47353372 · 47355192. Advertisements: by Secretary of Rivista Militare Telephone 6794200. Printed by: Tipografia Regionale • Rome Illustrations by: Rivista Militare .

i Marco Pasquali}

Rethinking NATO Strategy. (VincenLo Tornetta}

Registered for tran smission by post. Subscriptions fo r 1985. Subscriptions run from January 1st (Back issues will be supplied until exhausted). Single issues: L. 3.000 - $ 2 • D.M. 6 · £ 2. Back Number. if available: L 6.000- $ 4 ~ D.M. 12 · £ 4. Year's subscription: Italy L. 16.000. Other countries L. 24.000. Payments may be made by cheque (residents abroad) or through Post OHice Current Account n. 22521009 payable to SME Ufficio Rivista Militare Sezione di Amministrazione - Vi a XX Settembre 123/A. Rome. Registered at the Rome Law Courts .. Decree n. 944 of 7-6-1 949.

This issue went to press on January 2oth, 1985.

1985

Member of USP! U n io ne S W1rl 1.>ct

Per iod ica 1ta Ii anti

What Kind of Armed Forces and How Large? (Gian Giuseppe Santillo}

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Ru les tor conuibutors. /\nyonB r.an ccn l r 1::ute. In the inlere:;t o f 1n~ 111::x imum objccti·.,•1ty oi 1;l for111at1on, t:H:! RN s1;,1 lVli lilurc alio\,-;s con tributors cons ·dcra~;lc frcct:om, although i t doc·~> nt)t nece::;f;;ui 'l st; bscr ibe to the ir opini on ~;.. The ,artic les arc pul)lishccl uned ited a nd t ree of any editor ial constra ints and are therefore tht: S()le n:spcnsib ility e t the Author ano ret \cc t his personal ide.s s exclus ively. n 1e 1opi::; m ust be trea t8d in an or ig ina l v,,.ay and the :inicles t:1emselves should not r~xr..eed 10 type,,w iHBn pages i ·1 !c;1q th. Th is 1tm1 : may b e P,xceedect o nly in t h e ca~c o' tHl k;h-:t; 011 p;Hticula rb; c ompl ex subjec ls. l he artic l es st10L.i" d be ()~;ccm p;.rn i ed hy anv necf': ~;s.;H·'r' phot0Qrapt1s. <lra,,-: i nD~ and ex:'.1 1;.i n.atory I.ab le$. Each a J1hor is requested to send a pho tograph of h ir.isclf, togethe r •Nith his "cu: r1cu !:..m1 v1 l aB" .:-H'-O .s ·10-.rnc su -rmarv of the 3n,cle 10 b!:: pub .,st:e::cl. ThB R1v is1a ~v1ilitare resc r·.rcs the fiq !lt 1~) alter tl1c a: t c;l e f ; ~1tlr. .;:r~c· 10 c·1ccse tile typeface 1n v/tnc..: h i t ,s set.

CONTENTS

Number two 1985 March- April

The aim of the Rivista Mi litarc is to broaden a nd upda,e the techn ical and vccatio M I tra ining of Army Officers and ·NCOs. To this end it fyflctions as a vehicle fo r the disseminat ion of military thi nki ng nnd <>s a forum of study and debate . The Riv,sta Milit are is also intended to be a m eilnS oi in forming the genera l public about th e Army and military matters th rough the publication ot articles of cu rrent techn ical and scientific int erest.

European Military Press Association

RIVISTA

Reforger 84.

MILITARE Editor: Col. Pier Giorgio Franzosi. Deputy Editor: . Maj. Giovanni Cerbo. Telephone 47353078.

(Pie r Gior gio Franzosi)

Technological Progress in the Military Component: b~tween Humanistic Culture and Electronics . /Um bert o Capp uzzo)

Graphic: , Lt. Rino Fusi. Editorial Offi ce: Via d i S. Marco, 8 00186 Rome -Tel. 679420047353372 - 47355192.

The "Catrin" System.

Advertisements: by Secretary of Rivista Militare Telephone 6794200.

(Antonio Viesti)

Printed by: Tipografia Regionale - Rome. Illustrations by: Rivista Militare. Registered fo r transmission by post. Subscriptions for 1985 . Subscriptions run from January 1st (Back issues will be supplied until exhausted). Single issues: L. 3.000 - $ 2 D.M. 6 - £ 2. Back Number, if available: L. 6.000 - $4 - D.M. 12 - £4. Year's subscription Italy L. 16.000. Other countries L. 24.000. Payments may be made by cheque (residents abroad) or through Post Ottice Current Account n. 22521009 payable to SME Ufficio Rivista Militare Sezione di Amministrazione - Via XX Settembre 123/A - Rome. Registered at the Rome Law Courts. Decree n. 944 ol 7-6- 1949.

Random Thoughts on th e Military Art in Modern Warfare. (Giro Di Martino)

Paratroops and Counterinterdiction. (Giovanni Giostra)

11 The Parameters of the Choice of Armaments. ( Luig i Salatiello)

International Seminars on Nuclear Warfare. (Antonina Zic hichiJ

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

This issue went to press on February 20th, 1985.

Member of USPI U nion c Stampa , Periodica lta liana

Rules for contributors. Anyone c an contritute . In the interest of the maximum objec t1vi1y o r information. the Rivista M ilita re allows contri butors considerable freedom. although i t docs not necessarily su bscribe lo their o pini ons. The arti c les are publisl1ed uncci1,cd ~nd f,ee of any editor ial constraints and are therefore the sole respo nsi bility of the Author und reflect t1is personal ideas C,tc lus1vel y. The topic must be treated in an o rig m(l l wa y and th e arti cles themselves shou ld not exceed 10 typewri tten pages ,n leng t., Tnis limit may be exceeded on ly in the case of articfes o n particularly complex sub1ec ts . The <1rl 1c les stwuld be accompa nied by a ny necessa ry photographs. drow1ngs ;;nd explanatory t ables . Eac h a utho r ,s requested to send ;; pho tc~ raph o f hi mselt. together wi th his .. cu rriculum vitae .. a nd a 10-lm e summary oi the artic le to be pub,ished. ·1he Riv ista Mil,t;,re reserves the right to a lter the a rtic1e·s lit le and to choose the typeface in v: hic h it is set.

CONTENTS

~ Number three 1985 ~ , M a y - June

The aim of the R1vista Mihtare is to broaden and update th e technical and vocational !raining of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissem1nalion of military thinking and as a lorum of sludy and debate The Rivista M1htare 1s also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military matters through the pubbhcation of articles of current technical and scientific interest European Military Press Association

RIVISTA MILITARE

New Tasks in the Footsteps of Tradition. (Pier Giorgio Franzosi)

BIMESTRALE

Oirettore responsabile: Pier Giorgio Franzosi.

Interview with General Umberto Cappuzzo on the State of the Army.

Redattore Capo: Giovanni Cerbo Telefono 47353078.

The Unified Defense of Europe. A Dream or a Real Prospect? (Vittorio Barbati)

Direzione e Redazione: Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma . Tel. 47353372 - 47355192 . Pubblicita: A cura della segreteria dell'Ufficio Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

Soldier Woman. (Fiorenza Tancone)

Stampa: FUSA Editrice - Roma. lllustrazioni: A cura di Rivista Militare Spedizione: In abbonamento postale Gruppo IV - 70%.

The United States and Russia in the Last Century. fC1ro 01 Mar,inol

60 66

Condizioni di cessione per ii 1985: Un fascicolo: Lit. 3.000 - S 2 -

D.M. 6 -£2. Un fascicolo arretrato: Lit. 6.000 S4-0.M.12 - £4. Abbonamento: Italia Lit. 16.000, estero Lit. 24.000. L'importc deve essere invi ato medianle assegno bancario (per i residenti all'estero) o versamento in c/ c poslale n. 22521009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Militare Seziorie di Amministrazione Via XX Settembre 123/A - Roma. Autorizzazione del T ribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Registro. con decreto 7-6-1949. Ouesto fascicolo e stato dato alla stampa ii 30 Marzo 1935.

Towards Enhanced Feasibility and Credibil ity of the «Flexible Response» Doctrine. (Vrttono Bernard)

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

ullll

Assoc,ato all"USPI Un,one Starnpa Penoo ea 1taha1a

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute. In lhe interest of lhe maximum objectivity of information, lhe Rivisla Mililare allows contributors considerable freedom. although ii does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole respons1b1lity of the Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively The topic must be treated 1n an original way and the arllcles themselves should not exceed 10 :ypewntlen pages 1n length. The Aulhor. got his reward. makes over his exclusive article right to Rivisla Militare Rivista M1lltare can make over Author"s exclusive article righ l lo other pubblicalions and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press As sociation}. The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs, drawings and explanatory tables Each author 1s requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his "curriculum vitae» and a 1 0-line summary of the article to be published. The Rivista Mililare reserves the right lo alter the artlcle's title and lo choose the typeface in which it is set.

CONTENTS European Military Press Association

RIVISTA MILITARE

The aim of the Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. The Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military matters through the pubblication of articles of current technical and scientific interest.

Training and Character Evolution and Tradition. (Umberto Cappuzzo)

The Problems of Defence on the Threshold of the Year 2000. (Giorgio Donati}

Editor: Col. Pier Giorgio Franzosi. Deputy Editor: Maj. Giovanni Cerbo. Telephone 47353078. Graph ic: Lt. Rino Fusi. Editori al Office: Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Rome - Tel. 6794200 47353372 - 47355192. Ad vertisements: by Secretary of Rivista Militare Telephone 6794200.

Notes on the Study of Public Opinion. (Giro Di Martino)

Printed by: Tipografia Regionale - Rome.

Collective Security and National Defence. (Antonio Pelliccia)

Illustration s by: Rivista Militare. Registe red for transm ission by post. Subscriptions for 1985. Subscriptions run from January 1st (Back issues will be supplied until exhausted). Single issues: L. 3.000 - S 2 D.M. 6 - £ 2. Back Number. if available: L. 6.000 - $ 4: D.M. 12 - £4 Year"s subscription: Italy L. 16.000. Other countries L. 24.000. Payments may be made by cheque (residents ab road) or through Post Office Current Account n. 2252 1009 payable to SME Utticio Rivista Militare Sezione di Amministrazione - Via XX Settembre 123/A - Rome.

Registered at th e Rome Law Courts Decree n. 944 of 7-6- 1949 This issue went to press on M ay 20th, 1985.

Member o f USP J Unione Stampa Period ica Ita lia na

The Citizen and Defence. (Umberto Cappuzzo)

Are Citizens Informed about Defence Problems? (Luca di Schiena)

Is Public Opinion Interested in Defence Problems? (Giancarlo Mingoli}

18 The Royal Italian Army. (Valerio Gibellini)

26 27

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. An yone can contribute. In the interest of the maximum objectivity of information, the Rivista Militare allows contributors considerable freedom, although it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's exclusive article right to other pubblications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Association). The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs, drawings and explanatory tables. Each auth or is requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his «curriculum vitae» and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. The Rivista Militare reserves the right to alter the article's title and to choose the typeface in which it is set.

Number five 1985 September-October

European Military Press Agency

RIVISTA

MILITARE BIMESTR ALE

The aim of the Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. The Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military maners through the pubblication of articles of current technical and scientific interest.

Collective Security and NATO. ( Umbert o

Cappuz zo)

Tanks Antitanks and ... Environment.

(***)

The Frontier of Freedom. With the "Legnano Combat G roup" in 1945.

Direttore responsabile: Pier Giorg io Franzo~i. Redatt ore Capo: Giovanni Cerbo Teletono 47353078. Graf ico: Rino Fusi. Direzione e Redazione: Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47353372 - 47355192.

(Giorgio Dona ti)

Pubblicita: A c ura del la segreteria dell'Ufficio Rivista M ilitare Tel. 6794200. Stampa: Tipogra fi a Regionale - Rom a. lllustrazioni: A c ura di Rivista M ilitare.

Ethics and Militariness. (Giro D1 M ar tino)

The Roya l Italian Army 191 5-1918.

( Valerio G 1bellin1)

Spedizione: In abbon amento po stale Gruppo IV - 70% . Condizioni d i cessione per ii 1985: ·Un fascico lo: Lit. 3.000 - $ 2 -

D.M. 6 - £2. Un fasci co lo arretrato: Lit. 6.000 - $ 4 - D. M. 12

.£4.

The Realities of NATO Security. ( Bern ard W . Roger s)

Abbonamento: l}alia Lit. 16.000, estero Lit. 24.000. L'impo rto deve essere inviato median te assegno bancario (per i residen ti all'estero) o versamen to in c/ c postale n. 22521009 intes tato a SM E Uffi c io Rivista Milit3 re Sezione di Amministrazione Via XX Settemb re 123/ P. Rom a. Autorizzazi one d el Tribunale di Ro ma al n. 944 del Registro, con decreto

Evolution of the NA TO Strategy ... with a bit of Science Fiction. (Luigi S alatiello)

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

7-6-1 949. Ouesto fascicolo e stato dato alla stampa ii 3 0 L uglio 1985.

1985

Proprieta letteraria. artisti ca e scientific a ri servata

M ember of USPI Un,one Stam pa Period ica ltaliana

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute. In the interest of the maximum objectivity of information, the Rivista Militare allows contributors considerable freedom, although it does not necessari ly subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewri tten pages in length. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare. Rlvista Militare can make over Author's exclusive article right to other pubblications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Association}. The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs , drawings and explanatory tables. Each author is requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his «curriculum vitae » and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. The Rivista Militare reserves the rig ht to alter the article's title and to choo se the typeface in which it is set.

CONTENTS European Military Press Agency

~/:1 Number six 1985

p,~·:: :;~. ,~;}~;. November-December ~

.,:

-;;,

~-''

.'(}'>

The aim of the Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. The Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military matters lhrough the pubblication of articles of current technical and scientific interest.

RIVISTA

MILITARE BIMESTRALE

Direttore responsabile: Pier Giorgio Fra nzosi.

British Tanks at Cambrai. (Giro Di Martino)

Grid Defense.

Redatto re Capo: Giovanni Cerbo Teletono 47353078.

(Fabio Mini)

Airborne Electro-Optical Systems.

Public Information: Unknown Quantity?

(Basilio Di Martin o)

Grafico: Rino Fusi. Direzione e Redazione, Vi a d i S. Marco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47353372 - 47355192.

(Marcelfo Colaprisco)

Pubblicita: A cura della segreteria dell'Uffi c io Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

The Royal Italian Army 1919-1933.

Stampa: T ipogra fia Region ale

Roma.

lllustrazioni: A cura di Rivist a Militare. Spedizione: In abbonamen to postale Gruppo IV - 70 %. Condizioni di cessione per ii 1985: Un fascicolo : Li t. 3.000 - $ 2 D .M. 6 - £2. Un fascicolo arretrato: Lit. 6.000 - $ 4 - D.M. 12 -

£4. Abbonamento: Italia Lit. 16.000. estero Li t. 24.000. L'importo d eve essere invi ato medi ante assegno bancario (per i residenti all'estero) o versa mento in c/c postale n. 22527 009 in testato a SME Ufficio Ri vista M ilitare Sezio ne di Amministrazione Via XX Settembre 723/ A Roma. Autorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Registro. con decreto 7-6-1949. O uesto fascicolo e st ato dato alla stampa ii 30 settembre 1985. @ 1985 Proprieta letterari a. artistica e scientifica riserva ta Foto di copertlna:

Giancarlo De Zanet.

Membe r o f USPI Uni one Stam pa Peuodica ltaliana

The Military Leader: What Future? (Pierro Re)

Artillery.

(Luigi Ramponi)

(Valerio Gibellini)

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyon e can con tribute. In the interest of the maximum objectivity of information, the Rivista Militare allows contributors considerable freedom, although it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and refl ect his person al ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author, got his reward. makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's exclusive article right to other pubblications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Association). The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs, drawings and explanatory tables. Each author is requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his «curriculum vi tae,, and a 10-line summary or the article to be published. The Rivista Militare reserves the right to alter the article's title and to choose the typeface in which it is set.

1986 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS .~ European Military Press Agency

Number four 1986 July-August

The aim of Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational train ing of Army Officers and NCOs. To th i s end i t functions as a vehicle tor the dissemination of military thinking and as a foru m of study and debate. Riv1sta Mi litare is also intended to be a means of informing the general p ublic about the Army and military matters through the publication of articles of cu rrent technica l and scien tifi c interest

# IRIVlnA

ffllLITAAE

Politics, Economics and Strategy

BIMEST RAL E

2 Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Direzione e Redazione Via d i s. Ma rco, 8 001 86 Roma Tel. 47357373

Characters and Aspects of Publicity. (Giro Di Martino)

The Image of the Armed Forces in Mass Communications. (Biagio Agnes)

Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel. 47353078.

Pubbliclta A cura de I la seg reteria

Industrial Cooperation. Between the Countries of Western Europe. (Romano Prodi)

de ll"Ufficio Rivista M ilitare Tel. 6794200. Sta mpa Tipogra fia Regionale - Roma

Science, Technology and Training

Spedizlone in abbonamento posta le Gruppo IV - 70%.

Condizioni di cessione per ii 1986 Un fascico lo: Lit. 4.000 $ 4 DM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretra to: Li t. 8.000 $ 8 DM 14 £ 6 Abbonamen to Ita lia: Lit. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000. L"importo deve essere versa to su c/ c pasta le n. 2252 1009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Militare Sezione di am ministrazione . Via XX Settembre 123/A - Roma. I residenti all'estero possono versar~ l'importo trami te asseg no bancaroo o vaglia internaz ionale . Autorizzaz,o ne del Tri bunale di Roma al n. 944 del Reg istro con decreto 7-6 -1949.

The Rapid Intervention Force. ( Angelo Sion)

Antiterrorism. The Management of Negotiations. (Franco Monticone)

The "Cuneense" Italian Contingent of the Mobile Force of Allied Command Europe. (Ferruccio Boriero)

The National Guard of the United States. (Giovanni Di Simone)

Member of USPI Un,one S1ampa Pe riodica ltaliana

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can cont r ibute

In the interest of lhe maximum ob jectivity of information. Ri vi s ta Militare allows cont r ibuto rs considerable freedom. although it does not necessarily sub· scribe to thei r opinions. The ar ticles are publi shed unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore lhe sole responsil)ility o f t he Author and re flect his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewri1ten pages in lengtti. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article rig ht to Rivista Militare Rivista M ilitare can make over Author's exclusive article r ight to other publications and to th e period icals o f EMPA (Eu ropean Military Press Agency) . The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs. dr awings and explanatory tables. Each author is req ues ted to send a photograph of himself, together with his "cur ri cu lum vilae" and a 10-line s um mary of the article to be published. Rivista M1li tare re se rves the r ight to alter the ar ti cle's title and 10 choose the typeface in which it is set.

,,i-\

CONTENTS. . ,, ~\

European Military Press Agency

RIVISTA

MILITARE BIMESTRALE

Direttore responsabile: Pier Giorgio Franzosi .

The aim of the Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. The Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military matters through the pubblication of articles of current technical and scientific interest.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 12

Notes on the social problem. Genesis and developments. (Giro Di Martino)

Giovanni Cerbo Telefono 47353078

Rino Fusi. Direzione e Redazione:

AFSOUTH. Headquarters Allied Forces Southern Europe ( Ludovico Lombardi)

Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47353372 - 47355192 Pubblicita: A c ura della segreteria dell'U ftic io Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

What kind of army? ( Luigi Poli)

Redattore Capo:

Graf ico:

_ Number one 1986 .,:: •~, January-February

Science, Technology and Training 30

The five pillars of efficiency. (Giuseppe Caccamo)

Stampa:

Tipografia Regionale . Roma. lllustrazioni :

Evolution of equipment and tomorrow's wars.

A cura di .Rivista Mititare

(Carlo Cabigiosu)

Spedizione:

In abbonamento pos tale Gruppo IV - 70% . Condizioni

di cessione per ii 1986: Un tascicolo: Lit. 3.000 - $ 3 D.M. 6 - £2 Un fascicolo a rret rato: Lit. 6 000 - $ 6 - D.M 12 £4 Abbo namento: Italia Lit. 16 000. estero Lit. 24 000. L'importo deve essere inviato mediante assegno bancario (per i residenti all'es tero) o versamen to in c / c postale n. 22521009 intes tate a SME Ufficio Rivista Militare Sezione di Am ministrazione Via XX Settembre 123/A Roma. Auto rizzazio ne del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Registro, con decreto 7-6-1949.

Gi ancarlo De Zanet.

Ouesto fascicolo e stato dato alla stampa ii 20 dicembre 1985,

@ 1986 Propri eta letteraria, ar tis lica

~f"l ot"\•;~ : - ~

History 50

The work of Quinto Cenni. (Carlo Felici)

Uniforms 57

The Royal Italian Army 1934 - 1939. (Valerio Gibe//ini)

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyo ne can con tribute. In the interest of the maximum objectivity of information, the Rivista Militare allows con tributors considerabl e freedom, although it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author. got his reward. makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's exclusive article right to other pubblications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Ag c n c y ). The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs, drawings and explanatory tables Each au thor is requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his «curriculum vitae» and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. The Rivista Militare reserves the right to alter the article's title and to choose the typeface in which it is set.

CONTENTS European Military Press Agency

nffeRIVlnA ffllLITARE

The aim of Rivis ta M ilitare is to broaden and update the tec hnical and vocationa l tra ining of Army Officers and NCOs To this end it func tions as a veh ic le for the di ssemination o f military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means ot inform ing the general publi c about the Army and m ilitary matters thro ugh the publicat ion o f artic les of current techn i cal and scientific interest.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

The Eastern Question since 1878. (Giro Di Martino)

BIMESTR AL E

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Number three 1986 May-June

Italy-United States. Cooperation in the Armaments Sector. (Carlo Jean)

Oirezione e Redazione Via di s. Ma rco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

28 Redattore Capo Giova nni Cerbo Tel. 47353078.

Europe vis-a-vis the U.S. and Soviet Strategic Defence Initiatives. (Giovanni Caroli)

Pubblic ita A c ura della segreteria dell'Ufficio Rivista Mili ta re Tel. 6794200.

Commercial Traffic toward Italy. (Picrduilio Maravigna, Agostino Alderisi)

Stampa Ti pografia Reg io nale - Roma. Spedizione in abbo na mento pasta le Gruppo IV - 70%. Condizioni di cessione per ii 1986 Un fascicolo : Lit. 4.000 $ 4 DM 7 £ 3 Un fascico lo ,irretr,ito: Li t. 8 .000 $ 8 DM 14 £ 6 Abbona mento I talia: Lit. 22.000 estero Li t. 30.000. L' importo deve essere versa to su c / c postalc n. 22521009 intest<1to a SME Ufficio Rivista Mil ita re Sezione d i am min is trazior\e · Via ·xx Settembre 123/A - Roma. I residenti a ll 'estero possono versare l'i mporto tra mite asscgno bancar io o vag lia internaz iona le.

Autorizzazfo ne del Tr ibunale di Roma al n. 944 del Reg ist ro con decreto 7-6- 1949.

Science, Technology and Training 52

ITALAIR. A Witness of the Italian Commitment to the Preservation of Peace in Lebanon. ( Angelo Sion)

Territorial Defence with Unorthodox Procedures. (Franco Monticone)

Uniforms 67

The Royal Italian Army. Overseas Operations 1911-1942. (Valerio Gibe/lini)

1986

Propr ieta letteraria artistica e Scienti fica riserva ta

Mcm tw r ol USPI

un ,onc S1ampa Per 10 d ,ea I Ut I i(l n a

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can cont r ilJute. tn the interest of the maxim um ob jectivi ty of information, Rivist a Mil itare allows cont r ibutors conside rable freedom. al though it does not necessarily sub scribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any edito ri al constraints an d are therefore the sole res ponsibility of tt1e Au thor and re flect l1is personal ideas exclus ive ly. The topic must be trea ted in an original way and the art icles themselves should no t exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Aut hor. got his reward, m akes over his exclusive ar ti c le rig ht to Rivista M ilitare Rivista M ili tare can make over Au thor's exclusive artic le right to other publications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European M ili tary Press Agency) The articles should be accompan ied by any necessary pho tographs, d rawi ngs and explanatory tables. Each au thor is requested to send a photogr aph o t hi mself, together wi th his "curri culum vitae" and a 10-l ine summarv of the ar ticle to be published. R,v ista M ilitare reserves the right to al te r the article's tit le and to choose the typefa ce in wh ic h i t is se t.

CONTENTS .~ European Military Press Agency

Number four 1986 July-August

# IRIVlnA

ffllLITAAE

Politics, Economics and Strategy

BIMEST RAL E

2 Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Direzione e Redazione Via d i s. Ma rco, 8 001 86 Roma Tel. 47357373

Characters and Aspects of Publicity. (Giro Di Martino)

The Image of the Armed Forces in Mass Communications. (Biagio Agnes)

Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel. 47353078.

Pubbliclta A cura de I la seg reteria

Industrial Cooperation. Between the Countries of Western Europe. (Romano Prodi)

de ll"Ufficio Rivista M ilitare Tel. 6794200. Sta mpa Tipogra fia Regionale - Roma

Science, Technology and Training

Spedizlone in abbonamento posta le Gruppo IV - 70%.

The Rapid Intervention Force. ( Angelo Sion)

Antiterrorism. The Management of Negotiations. (Franco Monticone)

The "Cuneense" Italian Contingent of the Mobile Force of Allied Command Europe. (Ferruccio Boriero)

The National Guard of the United States. (Giovanni Di Simone)

Member of USPI Un,one S1ampa Pe riodica ltaliana

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can cont r ibute

CONTENTS. Euro pean Military Press Agency

The aim of Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the techn ica l and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end i t funct ions as a vehicle for the dissemination of m ilitary th inking · and as a forum of study and debate. Rivista M ili tare is also intended to be a means of informing the general p ublic about the Army and military matters through the publicatio n of articles of current techn ical and scientific interest.

r •RIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMEST RALE

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

The Role of the Atlantic Alliance and its Political Credibility.

Military Report 66

The Concept of Subversion. (Giro Di Martino)

Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel. 47353078.

Distant Hammer '86. Report on an lnterallied Exercise. (Francesco Veltri)

(Francesco Cossiga)

Oirettore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Direzione e Reda zione Via d i S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Number five 1986 September-October

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Italian Military Policy. Analyses and Prospects. (Maurizio Cremasco)

Pubbllcita A cura de lla seg reteri a de ll' Ufficio Rivista Mi lilare Tel. 6794200. Stampa Tipogratia Regio na le • Roma

Science, Technology and Training 28

Spedizione in abbonamento posta le Gruppo IV • 70%. Condizioni di cessio ne per i i 1986 Un fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 $ 4 OM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretrato: Li t. 8.000 $ 8 OM i 4 £ 6 Abbonamento Ita lia: L,t. 22.000 estero li t. 30.000. l 'i mporto d eve essere versato su c /c poslale n. 22521009 intcstato a SME Ufficio Rivista Mili ta re · Sez ione d i amministrazionc · Via XX Settemb re 123/ A · Roma . I residenti all' estero possono versa re l' importo 1rami1e assegno banca rio o vag lia intern.,z ion,.i le.

Operational Survival and Light Infantry. (Franco M onticone)

History 36

The Bersaglieri. A Run Through the Past - a Commitment to the Future. ( Luigi Ramponi)

Autorizzazfone del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Reg is tro con decreto 7-6-1949.

The Walls and Forts of Rome. Moenia Mundi. (Carlo Felici)

Military Press 55

M ilitary Press in Europe. (Claudio Magris)

M em ber of lJSPI Ur11o nc Sw rn p<1 Pe r,o d,c::J l tali ana

Rules for contributors. Anyone can cont ri bute. In the interest of the maximum ob jectivi ty of information, Rivista M ilitare allows cont ri butors cons iderable freedom. although it does not necessarily subscribe to the ir opi nions. The arti c les are published unedited and free of any editori al const raints and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and ref lect his personal ideas exclusive ly. The topic must be trea ted in an original w ay and the articles themse lves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author. got his rewa rd, makes over his exclusive arti c le right to Ri vista Militare. Rivista M ilita re can make over Author's exclusive arti c le ri ght to other publications and to the periodicals o f EMPA (European M ili tary Press Agency) . The arti c les should be accompanied by any necessary photographs, d rawings and explana to ry tables. Each author is requested to send a pho tograph of h imself, together with his " c urricu lum v itae" and a 10-line summary of the article to be publi shed. Riv ista Militare reserves the rig ht to alter the artic le's title and to choose the typeface in which i t is set.

~ CONTENTS

Number six 1986 ~ November-December

European Military Press Agency

The aim of Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the techn ical an d vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs. _To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a forum of study and debate. Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and m ili tary matters through the p ublication of ar ticles of current technical and scientific interest

#BRIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMESTRALE

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

0irettore responsab ile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Europe and Culture. Opening up to the Future. (Francesco Cossiga)

8 Dlrezione e Redazione Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

What kind of Army? System Stages. ( Luigi Poli)

16 Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel. 47353078.

Evolution of the Concept of Imperialism 'from the 19th Century to This Day. (Giro D1 Martino)

Pubblicita A c ura della segreteria dell'Ufficio Ri vis ta Mi litarc Tel. 6794200. Stampa Tipografia Regional e . Ro ma. Spedizione in abbonamento pos ta le Gruppo IV - 70%.

Industry Faces the Future. (Cesare Romiti)

Science, Technology and Training 34

Delta Force - The Moment of the Special Forces. (Lucio lnnecco)

Condizioni di cessione per ii 1986 Un fascicolo : Lit. 4. 000 S 4 DM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretrato : Lit. 8.000 S 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Ita lia: Li t. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000. L' importo dcve essere v ersato su c/ c posta le n. 22521009 intestato a SME Uffic io Rivista Mi litate • Sezione di amministra2 io ne . Via XX Settem bre 123/A - Roma. I residenti all ' est ero possono versare l'impo rto trarn i te asseg no bancar io O vaglia internaz iooa le.

The Portuguese Armed Forces in the Service of NATO. (Giovanni Di Simone)

History 58

The Auxiliary Units in the War of Liberation. (Enrico Boscardi)

Autorizzazione del Tribuna le di Roma a l n. 944 del Regis tro con decreto 7-6-1949. Foto di copertina: Giancarlo De Zanet

M ember o f USPI Un ,one Stamoa Per ,od,c a lta liana

Militaria 68

An Eighteenth Century Italian Print.

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute. In the interest of the maxim um objectivity o f information, Rivista Militare allows contributo rs considerable freedom, although it does not necessarily sub scribe to th eir opinions. The articles are publi shed unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole respo nsibility of the Autho r and reflect his personal ideas exclusively. The top ic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article right to Riv ista Militare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's e xcl usive arti c le right to other publicat ions and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Mi litary Press Agency). The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photog raphs, drawings and explanatory tables Each au thor is reques ted to send a photograph of himself, together with his "cu rriculu m vitae" an d a 10-line summary of the article to be published. Rivista M ilitare rese rves the r ight to al ter the article's title and to choose the typeface in which it is set

1987 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS. European Military Press Agency

£m'.7RIVlnA ffllLITARE

Number two 1987 March-April

The aim of Riv ista Mi litare is to broaden and update the tec hnical and vocational training of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the d issemination of m ilitary th inking and as a forum of study and debate Rivista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and m ilitary ma tters through the publicat ion of articles of current technica l and scienti fic interest.

BIMESTRALE

Cristopher Columbus - A Present Symbol of Daring and Courage for the 2000s. (Francesco Cossiga, Ronald Reagan, Juan Carlos I)

0irettore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Politics, Economics and Strategy Direzione e Redazione Via di S. Marco . 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel. 47353078. Pubblic ita A cura della scgreteri,, dell'U fficio Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

(Francesco Cossiga)

12 20

Condizioni di cessione per ii 198 7 Un fascicolo : Li t. 4.000 $ 4 OM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretra to: Lit. 8.000 S 8 DM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Italia: Li t. 22 .000 estero Lit. 30.000. L'importo dev e essere versato su c / c posti.J le n. 22521009 intestate a SME Utficio Rivista Militare Sez ione d i ammini straz ione Via XX Setteml>re 123/A • Roma. I residenti a11·estero possono versa re l' impo rto tramite nssegno ba ncario o vagliQ intc rnazionale.

Logistics and its Evolution. (Giro Di Martino)

Science, Technology and Training 30

The Italian Armament Industry. (Carlo Jean)

The Conquest of Space. (Giantranco Farotti)

The Doctrine of Employment of the "Hawk" Missile System. (Salvatore Be/lassai)

Autorizza zione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Rcg is tro con decreto 7-6-1949. Foto di copertina Giancarlo De Zanet.

Arms Control and Reduction. (Giulio Andreotti)

Stampa Tipografia Regio na lc - Roma Spedizione in abbonamento posta le Gruppo IV - 70% .

The· Fortieth Anniversary of the Italian Republic. 1946: the Year of the Seminal Ideas.

The Defence of an Island. From the Battle of Crete to This Day. (Franco Monticone)

Opinions 72

An Opinion on M ilitary Journalists. (Gino Fal/eri)

Militaria 76

1987

Proprieta leneraria artistica e scientifica riservata

Associato all'USPI Unione Stampa Periodica ltaliana

Book Reviews.

Rules fo r contributors. Anyone can con tribu te In the interest of the maximum objectivi ty of information. Rivista M ilitare allows cont ributors cons iderable freedom, although it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The arti cles are published unedited and free of any editorial constra ints and are therefore the sole re sponsibility of the Aut hor and reflect his person al ideas exclusively. The topi c must be trea ted in an original way and the articles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in len gth. The Author. got his reward. makes ove r his exclusive article rig ht to Riv ista M ilitare. Rivista Militare can ma.ke over Author's exclusive article right to other publicatio ns and to the period icals o f EM PA {European Military Pre ss Agency) . The articles should be accompan ied by any necessary photographs, d rawings and explanatory tables. Each author is requested to send a photograph of himself. together with his "curriculum vitae" and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. Riv ista Militare reserves the ri ght to alter the article's title and to choose the typeface in wh ich it i s set.

. : . _ ~ ' CONTENTS • ' -

Eu ropean Military Press Agency

,,,

Number three 1987 May-June

The aim of Rivista M ilitare i s to broaden and. upda te the techn i ca l and vocational tra ining of Army Officers and NCOs To th is end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military th inking and as a forum of study and debate. Riv ista Militare is also intended to be a means of informi ng the general public about the A rm y an d m ilitary matters through the publication of articles of curren t techni ca l and scienti fi c interest.

8 'RIVlnA

ffllLITARE

Politics, Economics and Strategy

~l.!JlJU,U,;.,!!J.a.u1.:.ti.~.l!'~•:J~~l1C-l~!.l!;..:.;...»a,;,.

·e.-

BIM ESTR ALE

Strategy and High Command. (Giro Di Martino)

0irettore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

10 Olrezione e Redazione V ia di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Pubblicita A cura della segretcria dell 'Uffic io Riv ist.i Mi li tare Tel. 6794200.

The Development of CATRIN. Reflections of the Automated Command and Control System (SIACCON) on the Army Automation Process. (Antonio Viesti)

22 Stampa Ti pografia Reg iona l e · Ro ma

An Army for Tomorrow. (Gian Giuseppe Santillo)

· Spedi zi one in abbonamento oosta le Gruppo IV · 70%.

Science, Technology and Training

Condizi oni di cess lone per i i 1987 Un tascicolo: Li t. 4. 000 $ 4 OM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretra to: li t. 8.000 · $ 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonam ento I1;, lia: Lit. 22.000 est ero l it. 30.000. l ' unpono deve essere versato su c/c posta le n. 22521009 intestate a SME Uffic io Ri vi sta M ilitare Sezionc dj ammini strazione Vi a XX Settembre 123i A - Roma. I residen ti aII· es1ero possono versare l'im por to t " irnite assegno ba ncario o vag lia intern<1 ziona le.

Protection and Evacuation of Italian Citizens Abroad. ( Angelo Sion - Franco Monticone)

Report on the Employment of the "Lagunari" Units.

Ant iaircraft Defence and Self-Defence.

(Rinaldo Santini) Autori zzazfone del Tribvna le di Roma al n. 944 dc l Rcgi st ro con decreto 7-6-1 949.

Foto di copertina Giancarlo De Zanet.

The Military Academy. Past, Present and Future. (Giovanni Brugnola)

Military Report 74

Eternal Triangle '86. The Training of the Allied Tank Crews. (Paolo Valpolini)

1987

Proprieta letterari a artistica e sc ientifica riservata

Associate all'USPI Unione Starhpa Periodica ltaliana

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors . Anyo ne can cont ribute. In the interest of the maximum ob jectivit y o f in format ion, Rivista Militare allows cont ri butors cons iderable freedo m. although i t does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The arti c les are p ublished unedited and free of any editori al constra ints and are therefore the sole responsibili ty of the Au thor and ref lect his personal ideas exc lusive ly. The topic must be treated in an or iginal way and the arti cles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Autho r. got his rewa rd. makes over his exclusive article ri ght to Rivista Milita re Rivista M ilitare can m ake over A uthor's exclusive art icle right to other publicat ions and to the periodicals o f EMPA (European Military Press Agency). The artic les should be accompanied by any necessary photog raphs, drawings and expl ana tory tables. Each author is req uested to send a photograph of himsel f, together wi th his "curricu lum vi tae" and a 10-line s ummary of the artic le to be published. Rivista Mi litare reserves the right to al ter th e arti cle's ti tle and to c hoose the typeface in wh ich it is se t

~ \ CONTENTS • .' .

European Military Press Agency

Number four 1987 July-August

The aim of Rivista Militare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational tra ining of Army Officers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military th inking and as a forum of study and debate. Rivista Mi lita re is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military matters through th e publication of articles of current technical and scientific interest.

.ITIRIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMESTRALE

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

Dlrettore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Dlrezlone e Redazlone Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Subversive War. Retrospective Vie,ws. (Giro Di Martino)

East-West. Economic Relations and Problems in the Transfer of Critical Technologies. (Carlo Jean)

Segreteria Lia Nardella

Pubbllclta A cura del la segreteria dell'Ufficio Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

Stampa Tipogra fia Regionale - Roma. Spedizione in abbonamento posta le Gruppo IV - 70% . Condlzloni di cesslone per ii 1987 Un fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 $ 4 DM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretrato: Lit. 8.000 $ 8 DM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Italia: Lit. 22.000 estero lit. 30.000. l'.'im porto deve essere versato su c/ c postale n . 22521009 intestate a SME Ufficlo Rivista M ilitare Sezione di amministrazione Via XX Settembre 123/ A - Roma. I residenti all'estero possono versare l'i mporto tramite assegno bancarlo o vaglia internazionale.

Autorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Registro con decreto 7-6-1949.

End of the Energy Crisis? (Franco Reviglio}

The Secret of the Prince. Geopolitics from Thucydides to Gorbachev. (Antonio Lombardo)

Science, Technology and Training 48

The Tanks of the Nineties. What Propellers? (Giovanni Savonuzzi • Giuseppe Palmarini)

History 58

The Combat Pack-Mule Units in the War of Liberation. (Enrico Boscardi)

The Great Painters 72

Jacques Courtois, II Borgognone. Painter of Battles. (Lia Nar<.11:11/a)

1987

Proprieta letteraria artistica e scientifica riservata

Associato all'USPI Unione Stampa Periodica ltaliana

Technical Data.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contrib ute. In the interest of the maximum objectivity of information, Rivista Militare allows contributors considerable freedom. although it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constraints and are therefore the sole responsibi lity of t he Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles th emselves shQuld noi exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's exclusive article right to other publications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Agen cy ). The articles should be accompanied by any necessary photographs. drawings and explanatory tabl es. Each author is requested to send a photograph of himself, together with his "curriculum vitae" and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. Rivista Militare reserves the right to alter the article's title and to choose the typeface in which it js set.

CONTENTS. "

~ i ,j I,

I #ffllLITARE IRIVlnA I

Number five 1987 September-October

The aim of Rivista fv1'1i tare is 10 oroaden and update the tecrrnical ano vocaronal training of Army Ofiicers an,j NCOs. To this end ii func tions as a vel1icle tor the d issemination oi military thin«ing and as a forum of sLJdy and debate Rivista Mililare is also intended to t.Je a means of informing ihe general pt.blic about the Army ano mil'tary matters througl'I tt1e pJblicaron of r;rlicles of current technical ancl scien!ific interest.

European Military Press Agency

The Present Situation of the Army and Its Outlook for the future

Emerging Technologies. Impact and Potential in the Modernization Programs of the Army

(Giro Di Martino)

BIM ESTRALE

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Politics, Economics and Strategy

Dlrezione e Redazione Via d i S. Marco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

(Antonio Viesti)

18 The C3 1Automated Systems. Responsibilities and Taski:; (Luigi Campagna)

26 Arms Control and Disarmament.

Pubblicitil A cura della segreteria dell'Utficio Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200 .

Politico-strategic Aspects (Carlo Jean)

Sociology and Problems of Personnel . '

Stampa

Tipografia FUSA Editrice s.r.l . Via Anastasio 11, 95 - 00165 Roma

(Neri Loi)

Spedizione In abbonamento postale Gruppo IV - 70%.

Science, Technology and Training

Condizioni di cessione per ii 1988 Un fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 $4 DM7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretrato : Lit. 8.000 $ 8 DM 14 £6 Abbonamento Italia: Lit. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000 . L 'importo deve essere versato su c/c postale n. 22521009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Militare -

40 Cultural Entropy, Doctrine and Training

Sezione di amministrazione ·

Militaria

Via XX Settembre 123/A - Roma . I residenti all'estero possono versare l 'importo tramite assegno bancario o vaglia internazionale .

(

36 Participatory Discipline, Precondition for Operational Efficiency

Aulorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n . 944 del Registro con decreto 7-6-1 949.

(Lucio lnnecco)

49 Report on the Employment of the Airborne Troops

63 Historical Painting in Italy. From the Restoration to the First War of Independence (Pier Marco De Santi)

Military Report

'•

70 6th Airmobile Brigade. A Highly Successful Experiment (Paolo Valpolini)

7 4 Technical Data 76 Book Reviews

e scientifica riserva~a

Membe.- of USPI

LJr1ione Sta,npa Periodica 1ta1iana

Rules for contributors. Anyone can cc·11rit)ule In the interest of the maximum objectivity of nformation, Rivista Mi Ii tare al ows contributors considerable freedom, although it ,ioe,; noi necessarily subscr'be to their opinions. The art'cles are oJbl shed uneciiled and free ot any eci torial constraints ancl are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and refk,c:t i1is personal ideas excll..sively. Tt1e iop·c must be treated in an orig inal way ancl ti1e articles themselves sho,ild not exceed 10 lypewrillen pages in lengtl' The Author got his reward, makes over h·s exclus·ve article ri-ght to Rivista Mililare. Rivista Militare can make over /u lhor's exclusive arfcle right lo oiher p Jblications and to 1he periodicals of EMPA (EJropean Military Press Age ncy). The articles should be accornpag ned by t11e necessary pnotograpl, s, drav./ngs ano explanatory tables. Eact1 A1.,thor is req uested to send a photograph of himself. toqelher v./tr, his "curriculum vitae" a·1d a 10-line summary of tne art;c1e to be publist1ed. Rivi sta Mililare reserves the rig ht to al ter the-) c;rlicle·s title anc to chocse the typeface ir wnicl, it is se:

CONTENTS European Military Press Agency

Number six 1987 November-December

The aim of Rivista Militare is to broaden ano update tl1e technica l and vocational training ot Army Officers and NCOs. To this end ii funccions as a veh·cIe for the d,ssern inaton of mirtary lh:nk ing and as a forum oi st Jdy and oebate. Rivi sta Mit tare is also inteno ed to be a means o f informing the g eneral p ublic about the Army ano military matters through the oublication ot artic es of current technica l and sc·entiiic intere st.

l'IIRIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMESTRALE

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Direzione e Aedazione Via di S. Marco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Pubblicita A cura della segreteria dell'Ufficio Rivista Militare Tel. 6794200.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

Tasks, Doctrine and Structures of the Army

---·.

(Antonio Viesti)

12 The German Army: Interview with Lieutenant General Hans-Henning Von Sandrart 22 The Aeronautical Industry. Its Role in the New Scenario of International Cooperation (Raffaello Teti)

1,s1ampa Tipogralia FUSA Ecfrtrice s.r.l. Via Anastasio II, 95 - 00 165 Roma

Science, Technology and Training

Spedizione in abbonamento postale Gruppo IV • 70%.

32 The Permanent Crossing of the Straits of Messina. Coefficient "D"

Condizioni di cessione per ii 1988 • Un fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 $ 4 DM 7 £ 3 Un fascicolo arretrato: Lit. 8.000 $ 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Italia: Lit. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000. L 'importo deve essere versa10 su clc postale ·• n. 22521009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Mditare -

(Gualtiero Corsini)

48 Antiradiation Missiles (Basilio Di Martino)

History

Sezione di amministrazione -

r Via XX Sellembre 123/A - Roma.

• I residenti all 'estero possono

versare lomporto lramite assegno

bancario o vaglia internazionale.

Autorizzazione del Tribuna!e j di Roma al n. 944 del Registro con decreto 7-6· 1949.

58 Operation "Brassard" (Ghino Andreani)

Militaria 67 Towards the Unity of Italy. The Soldier in the Nineteenth Century Italian Painting

,.;

(Pier Marco De Santi)

: l,

;.·

,.·f

75 Technical Data

77 Book Reviews

:l\ {~te~Proprieta leueraria ar1istica scientifica riservata

,-.•.ember oi USPI Unione Slampa Periodtea ltaJiarla

Rules for contributors. Anyone c an contribute. In t11e interest of the maximum objec tivity of information, Rivista Militare allows contributors consid erab le freed om. althoug h it does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedi ted and tree of any editori al constraints and a re therefore the sole responsib ility ot the Author and reflec t his personal d eas exclusively The topic must be treated in an original way a nd the articles themselves shoul(J not exceeo 10 typewritten pages in length. The Aut11or. goi his reward. makes over his exclus ve article ri ght to Rivista Militare. Rivista Militare c an make over Author's exclusive article right to other publications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press A gency). The articles should be accomp agned by the nec essary photog raphs. d rawings and explanato ry tables. Each Author is reques ted to send a photog raph of himself. together with his ''curriculum vitae" and a 10-line summary of the article to be published. Rivista Militare reserves the nght to alter the artic le's titl e and to choose the type face in which it is set.

~ CONTENTS ·

European Military Press Agency

a ,RIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMESTRALE

Number one 1987 January-February

The aim of Riv ista M ilitare is to broaden and update the tec hnical and vocationa l training of Army 'O fficers and NCOs. To this end it functions as a vehicle for the dissemination of military thinking and as a fo rum of study and debate. Riv ista Militare is also intended to be a means of informing the general public about the Army and military ma tters through the publicat ion of articles of current tec hnica l and scientific interest.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

The Day of the Martyrs and Fallen for National Independence. (Bettino Craxi)

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

4 Direzione e Redazione Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Te l. 47357373

Our Army, Reflection of the Nation. (Giovanni Spadolini)

Notes on Terrorism . (Giro Di Martino)

Redattore Capo Giovanni Cerbo Tel: 47357372

14 Pubblicit~ A cura della seg reter ia dell'U fficio Rivista Mi htare Tel. 6794200.

Spedizione in abbonamento postale Gruppo IV - 70% . Condizloni di cessione per ii 1987 Un fasc_icolo: Lit. 4.000 $ 4 OM 7 £ 3 Un lascicolo arretrato: Lit. 8.000 $ 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Ital ia: Lit. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000. ·L'importo devc essere versato su c /c posta le n. 22521009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Militare . Sezione d i amministraz ione . Via XX Settembre 123/A . Roma. I residenti all'estcro possono versare l'i mpo rto tra mite assegno bancar io O vagl ia internaziona le. Autorinazione del Tribuna le d i Roma al n. 944 de l Registro con decreto 7-6-1 949.

M em be r of USPI

Un ,one Sta mpa Period ,C:<l Jta fiana

Introduction to Geopolitics. (Antonio Flamigni)

The Principles of War in Modern Conflicts.

Science, Technology and Training 52

Thinking About Light Infantry. (Aldo Limoncelli)

History 70

The Auxiliary Units in the War of Liberation. The 210th Infantry Division. (Enrico Boscardi)

Proprieta letteraria ;,rtistica e scientifica riservata

Industry and Defence. (Cesare Romiti)

Foto di copertina Giancarlo De Za net

1987

The MBFR Negotiations. Let's not Neglect the Conventional Forces! (Umberto Cappuzzo)

Stampa Tipografia Regiona le - Roma.

Book Reviews.

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute. In the interest of the maximum ob jectivi ty of informa tion. Rivis ta M ili tare allows contributors conside rable freedom. although it does not necessar ily subscribe to their opinions. The arti cles are published unedited and free o f any editorial constraints and are th erefore the sole respons ibility of the Author and ref lect his personal ideas exclus ively. The topic must be treated in an or iginal way and the ar ticles themselves should not exceed 10 typewritten pages in length. The Author, got his reward, makes over his exclusive article right to Rivista Militare . Rivista M ilitare can make over A uthor's exclusi ve artic le r ight to other publications an d to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Agency). The artic les should be accompanied by any necessary photographs. d raw ings an d explanatory tab les. Each author is requ ested to send a photograph of himself, together wi th his ··curricul um v itae" and a 10-line summary of the artic le to be published. Rivis ta M ilitare reserves the righ t to alter the artic le's ti tle an d to choose the typeface in which i t is set.

1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS European Military Press Agency

Number two 1988 March-April

The aim of Rivista Militare ,s to broaa en and update the technical and vocat,onal training of Army Office•s and NCOs To this era ;t functions as a vehicle for the d issemination of military 1h n-<ing and as a forum of study and debate R•v1sta r-.• tare is a SC' ritendeo to be a means of nforming the general pt,blic about the Army and rr, 'ary matters ttirough trie publica: un of ar11.- es ol current tec'ln,cal anc sc·entif,c nterest

DD/RIVI/TA

ffllLITAAE

BIMESTAALE Supplemento al n. 2 della Rivista Militare Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Otrezione e Redazione Via di S. Marco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Social a;ld Military Aspects of Technological Development (Giro Di Martino)

14 Iran - Iraq. An Anomalous War (Lucio lnnecco)

28 The Conventionalization of Nato (Mano Sardo)

Pubblicita A c::ura dela segreteria del"Ufficio RMSIB Miliwe Tet. 6794200. Slamp8

Tipogra."ia FIJSA Edilrice s r.l. Via Anaslaslo II. 95 - 00165 Roma

Specizione in abbonamento postale Gruppo IV • 70%.

Science, Technology and Training 34 Mechanized lnfranty: Features, Role, Prospects (Mario Buscemi)

Condzionl di ceasione per ii 1988

Un fascicolo: Lit. 4.000

$4 OMS £3 Un tasacolo arretrato: lit 8.000 $ 8

OM 14

£ 6

Abbonamento llalla: Lit 22.000 eslero lit 30.000. L'importo deve essere versato su c/c postale n. 22521009 In1estato a SME \Jr.iao A.vista t.' .tare· Sez,one di ammlnisttanone • Vie XX Senembre 123/A - Roma. I residenti all'estero possono versare lrunporto tramite assegno bancario o vaglla inlemaZlonale. Aulorizz.azione del Tribuna!e di Roma al n. 944 de! Regislro con deaeto 7-6· 1949.

40 Helicopters in Combat: the Employment of Scout and Attack Helicopters in the Nato and Warsaw Pact Armies (Giovanni Tonicchi)

History 58 The Carzano Betrayal (Giulio Prim,cerj)

Fascicolo curato da Gian Carlo Torceli

nserva:a

Member Of USPI

Un,ono s,ampa

Penodlca l!al,a'\a

70 The Finnish Military Museums (Marco Pasquali)

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute. In the nterest of the maximum object1v1ty of ,nformation R1vist Mililare allows contributors considerable freeoom. although ii does not necessarily subscribe to their opinions Th art:c.es are p ... b sned unec ted and 'ree of any edito(a constraims and are therefore the sole •esoonsibil ty of th Author and re' ect his personal ioeas exclus vely The topic must oe treateo n an orig,nal \•,ay and the a1 cle themselves shou a not exceed 10 typewritten pages ,n length. The Au thor. got his reward. ma><es over his excl~ sive an1cle right to Rivista M hlare. Rivista Militare can make over Author's exclusive ar11cle right to other publicc t,ons and to the periodicals of EMPA (Eurooean Military Press Agency). The articles should be accompagned t the necessary onotographs draw'ngs and explanatory tables. Each Author is requested to sena a photograph < himself together ..,,th his curricu lum vitae .. and a 10-I,ne summary of the art cle to be published R1vista M1l,tar reserves the r'ght to alter the arlicle·s 11tle and to choose the typeface in wh,ch it is set

CONTENTS . European Military Press Agency

Number three 1988 May-June

The aim of R,vista M,l,tare is 10 broadct and update the tccr r ,cal ar·o vocat,ona training or Army Off cers ano · NCOs. To this eno it functions as a ve n,cle for the oisseminat,on of military think ng and as a fo rLm o' sludy and uebate R,, sta MilitarC' ,s also ,r1enoed tc- be a me ns of inforri ng Jhe ge·1eral p.icl c al)Ot: 11e Arm\ ano mil tary n 1t1ers tnr 1•Jh the 1 .bilca110, u' artic ll ~ of c,,rrc•n: techn , ,, and s ,er·tific "it'rest

/7/UJ RIVlnA

ffllLITARE

BIMESTRALE Supplemento al n. 3 della Rivista Militare Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The Objectives of the Army for 1988 (Ciro

o, Martino)

16 Italy's Outlook Within the World Economy (Romano Prod,)

Oirezione e Redazione Voa di S. Maroo, 8 00186 Roma Toi 47357373

30 Military Culture: Traditions , Values, Teachings (Fortunato Pietro Muraro)

Pubblicita A cura della segreteria deb'Utticio RIVISla Mifitare Toi 6794200

40 The Evolution of the Doctrine of Employment (Sergio Onnis)

Stamps ropografia FUSA Editrice S .I I Voa Anastasio II. 95 - 00165 Roma Spedlzlone in abbonamento postale Gruppo IV • 70%. Condizionl di cessione per ff 1988 Un fascioolo: Lit. 4.000 S 4 OMS £3 Un fascicolo arretrato: Lrt. 8 000 S 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento llalle: Lit. 22.000 estero Lit. 30.000. L'lmpono dove essere versato su c/c postale n. 22521 009 intestato a SME Ulficio RMsta Mii tare • Sezione dl ammlnlstraz,one • Via XX Senembro 123/A • Romo. I resldentl all 'estoro possono versare l'lmpono tramite assegno bancario o vaglia mtemazionale.

Science, Technology and Training 48 Infinity: A Physicist's Meditations (Carlo Rubbia)

60 Infantry Today (Giuseppe Caccamo)

72 Book Review s

Autorlzzazione del Tribunete d1 Roma at n. 944 del Reg,stro 7-6-1949.

con decreto

Fascicolo curate da Gian Cano Torcelli

e soent"iea '1servata

\1ember o f USP

Un10Re Stampa

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Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute II the interest oi tt1e maximum ob jec t v 1y of inform11ron, R,v sta Mil tare allows con1 r bu tors cons cjc rable freedom allhoug l1 t docs not neccssarrly subsc 11be to t11e1r opinions The articles are p1,blished Lned :ed anc free of any eo,torial constra·nts anc are t11erefore 1l1e sol e respons bility of the A .thor and reflec t h s persor·, ideas ex-lusive '> The mp ~ rnusi be rreateo 11 a11 or g ,.?. r.ay and the art c es rhemselve,; should not excee I 10 type .-.r, tten r i'lqes ,n ler, Jlti The Alllhor. gol tw; rcwaro makes over his exclusive art,cle rigl1t 10 R v, sta Mil,tare. Riv,sta Militare can make ove r AL-thor's exclusive article right ro other pul)l,cD:,ons ano 10 the per,ocicals of EMPA (EL.ropean M l11ary Press Agency\ The artrcles shovlJ be accompagned by ·he nec ess1ry pho,o')raphs O'awings and explar,rory ta o es Eacr A,,thor is req.;esiec to seno a photog rapr of himself toqcther ,,., ,1,1 his "c1.mculLim \ tde .. and 1 tO-line s"rnmary :Ji the art c e to be r ,til sheo R v,sta fv' I •are reserves 1l1e ngh1 10 alter lhe ar tic le's r tie and 10 choose t11e typeince ,n whi-:11 ,t is set

CONTENTS. European Military Press Agency

Number four 19l July-Augu

The aim of Rivista lv1ilitare is lo oroaden and upclale the 1ecl1nical and vocational training of Army Officers E NCOs To this end it funct'ons as a vehic le for the d issemination of mililary ihinking and as a foru m of study c debate. Rivista iviilitare is also intenoed to l)e a means o' informing ll1e general public aoou t tile Army and milit matters lhrougl1 the publication of articles oi current technical and sc en11f1c interest

Dl!lilRIVlnA

ffllLITARE BIMESTR ALE

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

Security and Model of Defence (Giro Di Martino)

Supplemento al n. 4 della Aivista Militare

14 The Defence of Europe and of Italy

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi Direzlone e Redazione Via di S. Marco, 8 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373

(Luigi Poli)

Science, Technology and Training 24 Training

Pubblicit a A cura della segreIeria dell'Utticio Riv1s1a M,htare Tel. 6794200 .

(Lucio lnnecco)

Stampa

~ii~;~a~~~~ ~t~igg 1t~ Aoma 1

Spedizlone in abbonamento postale Gruppo IV • 70%. Condizloni d i cession e per ii 1988 Un fascicolo : Lit 4.000 S4 OM 6 £3 Un fascicolo arre1rato: Lit. 8 .000 S 8 OM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Italia. UI. 22.000 estero Lit 30 .000. L'importo deve essere versato su c/c po stale n. 22521009 in1esIaI0 a SME Ufficio Rivis!a Militare · Sezione di amministraiione · Via XX Se!lembre 123/A - Roma. I residenti all'estero possono versare l'importo tramite assegno bancario o vnglia internazionale AuIorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 del Regisuo con decreto 7-6 -1949.

32 The Mechanized and Armored Minor Complex

Sociology 44 Non-Commissioned Officers. Training, Selection, Employment (Carlo Alfonso Giannatiempo)

History 48 The Historic Cavalry Museum (Carlo De Virgilio)

Militaria 58 Paolo Caccia Dominioni: A Man (Giu/io Bedeschi)

Fascicolo curato da Gian Carlo T orcelli

66 Man On Two Wheels (Gian Carlo Torcelli)

70 Collector's Cards 72 Book Reviews

Mambo, ot USPI

Un1one S1amoa Penodica 1talla11a

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute In lhe i11lerest oi the max mum ob1ectivity of informal on. R1~ M l1 tare allows contributors consi-::ieral)le freedom, although it does nol necessarily subscribe 10 ttleir op1n1ons. art ,cles are publishec unedi ted and iree of any editofal constra ints and are therefore the sole responsibiliiy of Author and reflecl his personal ideas exclusively. The topic must be treated in an or'gi nal way and ihe arti, themselves shoulcl nol exceed t0 typewri tten pages in lenglh The AL1thor. got his reward. •nakcs ove1 his ex s,ve arlicle right to Riv:sta Militare. R v sta Mil'tarc ca n make over Autl1or's exclus,ve artic le right to olher pub tior s and to 1he periooicals of EMP.A. (European Military Press Agency). The articles shoul(j be accompagnec the necessary pholographs. drawings and explanatory tables Each Aul11or is requested lo send a phowg rap h mself. together wilh his "curriculum vitae· and a 10-hnc summary of the arlic le lo be publisl1ed. Rivista Mili reserves the rigl1t to alter Ille article's titl e and to choose Ille typeface in wh ich t ,s set.

CONTENTS . European MIiitary Press Agency

Number five 1988 September-October

The aim ot Rivista lv1ilitare is to broaden and update the technical and vocational training oi Army Officers and l\iCOs To t11is end ii lunct ons as a vehicle 101 the d1sseminatior, of m litary thinking a'1d as a forum ot siuoy and debate Rivista Mil1tare 1s also 1ntendecl to lJe a means of informing the general pu o1,c abOL,t the Army ancf military matters throJgh the publcation of artic les of cu rrent technical and scientific interest

NIRIVlnA

ffllLITAAE BIMESTRALE

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

iupplemento al n. 5 lella Rivista Militare

Study Congress Closing Address (Giro Di Martino)

)irettore responsabile

lirezlone e Redazione ria di S. Marco. 8 10186 Roma ·e1. 47357373

From Geography to Global Strategy (Domenico Tria)

>ier Giorgio Franzosi

Science, Technology and Training 20 Offensive combat. The Mechanized and Armoured Minor Complex

>ubbliclta I cure della segreteria leU'Uttlcio Rivista Militare •el. 6794200. ,tampa 11pografia FUSA Editrice s.r.l. rm Anastasio II, 95 • OOt 65 Roma

29 The Army NCO School One Hundred Years of History 37 The Artillery School One Hundred Years of History

,pedlzione n abbonamento postale 3ruppo IV • 70%.

(Mano Prato)

::ondizioni di cessione per ii 1988 Jn fascicolo: LiL 4.000 ;4 OM S C3 Jn fascicolo arretrato: Lit . 8 .000 ; 8 OM 14 £ 6 \bbonamenlo Italia: Lit 22.000 ,ste,o lit. 30.000. L'importo deve ,ssere vorsato su c/c postate 1. 2252 1009 intestato a >ME Uttlcio Rlvista Militaro • >8ziooe di amministrazione fia XX Settembre 123/A • Roma. residenti all'estero possono rersare l'importo tramite assegno >ancarlo o vagha internazlonale.

Sociology 50 Promotion of the Army Officers, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. (Giuseppe Giubbini Ferroni)

History 52 Columbus. The Great Sailor

wtorizzazione del Tribunale fi Roma al n. 944 del Registro ,on decreto 7·6-1949.

(Paolo Emilio Taviani)

Militaria

=ascicolo curato da :iian Carlo Torcelli

58 Military Academies and Schools in Philately (Gianni Martinelli)

64 66 68 70

War Games Cavalleggeri di Padova Great Exhibitions Book Reviews

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contribute In tM interest of the maximum objectivity of informa:1on. Rivista

Proprieta lene,ana artis11ca e sclentitica riservata

Member ol USPI Unior,e S1ampa Pcriodica ltaliana

Militare allows contribl.tors cons derab le freedom although it does not necessarily Sl.bscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free of any editorial constra·n1s ano are t11erefore the sole responsibility oi the Author and reflect his persona icfeas exclusively The top,c rnusl be ·reatecf ,n an original way and the articles themselves shoulcl not exceed 10 typewri1ten pages in length Tl1e Author, got n1s reward . makes over his exclusive article r'ght to Rivista Mil;tare R\i sta Militare can make over Author's exclusive article ngl1t to ot11er publications and to the penodicals o' EMPA (European Military Press Agency) The anicles should be accompagneo by the necessary photographs. clraw ngs and explanatory lables Eacl1 At.thor is requested to send a pnotoo raph of himself, together w,th his "curricu lum vitae" mid a 10-line st,mrnary of tM article to be pul)lished. Rivista Mil.tare reserves the right to alter lhe anicle's 1itle and to choose tne typelace in wh1cn t ,s set

CONTENTS

Number six 1988 November-December

R'vista Militare aims a, broaoen1ng anc updating me technical and vocat'onal ua n ng of Officers and i\.COs. It ·s thus a means of propauating the m lilary way of thinking and a forum of study and debate Through lhe oul) lication of articles of technical and sc en11f,c interest Rivista Mditare also a ms at informing the general pul)ftc on the Army ano on mil tary issues

:2r

L.: ====-==:. : .:J

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2

The evolution of the italian society and military institution. (Antonio Viesti)

The Atlantic Alliance, which must take ,nto account both general defensive problems and lhe different realities of member countries. Involves an ever growing commitment and a greater participation aimed 81 purshing the path of stability and peace undertaken ,n the last forty years.

14 NATO after the agreement on the euromissiles. (Vittorio Bernard)

26 Between politics and defence. (Fabio Mini)

BIMONTHLY Supplement to number six of Rivista Militare

36 The contribution of the Army to civil protection . (Remo Gaspari)

Editor in Chief: Pier Giorgio Franzosi Management and Edttoriaf Office

8. Vie di S. Marco 00186 Roma Tel. 47357373 Advertising Care ol the Secretariat of Aivista Mllitare Tel. 6794200. Printer Tipogralia FUSA Editrice s.r.l. Via Anastasio II. 95 • 00165 Roma

Science, Technology and Training 43 Scientific research in Italy of interest to t he Army. (Enrico Gimelli)

50 The Italian technological and industrial policy. (Umberto Marino)

Subscription and forwardi ng By mail

Grupp0 IV • 70°/o. Conditions for 1989 One issue: Lit 4,000 One back issue: Lit. B.000 Subsctlption ,ates: Italy 22.000 Abt0ad: Ltt. 30.000 Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 In the name of SME Ufficio Rivista Militare · Administrative Department • Via XX Settembre 123/A · Roma. Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or International postal order. Authorized by lhe Court of Rome under No. 944 ol the Registry by decree 7-6-t949.

Sociology and Problems of Personnel 59 The social influences of t he war. (Francesco CeNoni)

66 A better employment for corporals. (Vito Antonio Martino)

73 Book Reviews

Issue edited by: Augusto Mas1rofini

e scien1if1ca riservata

Member or USP! Unoone Stamoa Penod1ca llalia'la

Instructions for contributors: Anyone may conmo1.,te To garantee 1he tfghest ob1ec,iv1ty of informat on. R1v sta Militare leaves contributors considerable freedom ,hougt1 : does not tecessa ri,y share their opin ons The AJthor s 1hus solely rcspons ble for ihe arlicles which Pl1blishea ,,nediteo and w11Mu1 editorial ties. exclusively reilect r1c rn~1~on;:; (leas Art cles mL.st be orig,nal in t11oughl and snoulo no, cxceeo ten lyoe :.r tten pages. Once the A1,.:l'O' spa o for n,s article. ne loses all exclus,\e r ghts. R, sta lvlilitare may men oass tne ar ticle on to ot11er pub cat c - s i'l"O EMPA (European Mil'tary Press Agency) pe'1ooicals. Articles should be accompaniec by su table pt1otograons. ll•Jstrauons ano explanatory tab les A photograp,1 of the AL1thor. together with a brief ·curr'culum vi:<1c · <11 ·,r: a 10 line typewritten summary of tt1e a1t:cle would be muci1 apprec iated Rivista Mi! tare claims the right :o cha"ge ·nc I tie oi art clcs and choose the typeface oeemeo mos: SLi table

CONTENTS European Military Press Agency

Number one 1988 January-February

The aim of Rivista Militare is 10 broader ano upoate the technical and vocaronal training of Army Officers and NCOs. To this eno it functions as a vehicle for the d ssem1nation o' m litary thin-<ing and as a forum of study and debate Rivista M1htare is also ,ntendeo to be a means of nforming the general pt..blic about the Army and military matters through the publicaton of art c·es of current technical and sc en tific interest.

/ilZlJ RIVlnA

ffllUTARE BIMESTRALE

Direttore responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 1st British Corps and British Army future (Paolo Valpolini)

12 The Italian Industrial System (Luigi Lucchini)

Oirezione e Redazione Via di S. Marco. 6 00166 Roma Tel. 47357373 Pubb[teita

A cura della segreter,a dell'Utfoo,o R,vista Md1tare Tel. 6794200.

Slampa

r,pografia FUSA Ed1lnce s.r.l. Via Anastasio II, 95 • 00165 Roma Speoizione ,n allbonamento posta!e Gruppo IV· 70% . Condizioni di cessione per ii 1988 n fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 4 OM7 £3 Un fascieolo arretrato. Lrt 8.000 S 8 DM 14 £ 6 Abbonamento Italia: Lit. 22.000 este<0 Ul. 30.000. L'impono deve essere versato su c/c postale n. 22521 009 intestato a SME Utf,cio Rivista Md,tare • Sezione di ammin1s1ranone • Via XX Sertembre 123/A • Roma. I reside<lti atrestero possono versare l"importo tram~e assegno llencario o vaglia internazionale. Autorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 det Registro con decreto 7-6-1949.

20 The Role of the Army Within Nato (Vittorio Bernard)

30 New Technologies and Procurement Policy (Luigi Federici)

Science, Technology and Training 38 Training of the Future Army (Raffaele Simone)

45 Defensive Operations the Publication 900/A

Sociology and Staff Problems 50 Recruitment and Prospects of the Yield of the National Service (Franco Faina)

56 Military Service for Women (Goffredo Canino)

History 62 Forts and Shelters of the Dolomites (Daniele Ravenna)

68 Book Reviews

tt~ber of USPI Umone Stampa Penoct,ca ltaliana

Rules for contributors. Anyone can contrilJute In the interest of tne maximum objectivity of information. Riv1sta Militare allows contr'butors c0:1siderable ' reedom. although it does not necessar'ly subscribe to their opinions. The articles are published unedited and free oi any ed:torial constrai nts and are therefore the sole responsibility of the Author and reflect his personal ideas exclusively The topic must be treated in an original way and the articles themselves shoulo not exceeo 10 type.•.ritten pages in length. The Author. got his rewaro. makes over his exclusive artic le right to Rivista IV:h:are. RV s1a Militare can make over Author's exclusive article rig ht to other publications and to the periodicals of EMPA (European Military Press Agency). The articles should be accompagned by the necessary photographs drawings and explanatory tables Each Au thor is requested 10 send a photograph of himself. together w,th his ··curriculum v tae" and a 10-line summary of the arltcle to be published. Rivista Mililare reserves the rignt 10 alter tne artic le's nte and to choose the typeface in wnich it is set.

1989 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number two 1989 March-April

Rivis:a tvlilitare a·ms at broacening anc' updaling the toctm·cal ancl vocational training of Officers and '-JCOs. It is thus a means of propagarng the mirtary way of t1iMing and a forum of study and del)ate Through the publicaiion of arrcles of techn cal and scientific interest. Ri,/s:a 1v'ilicare also ai,ns a, informing the genera l pub lic on the Army and on military issues .

...,

---

Science, Technology and Training

Joint training of departments of memb er Countries of the Alliance combine to keep alive the spirit of co-operation which forms the basis of Nato.

2 Tecnology, man and the problems of defence in the year 2000. (Giro Di Martinoj

8 NATO after the INF treaty. (Piero Baroni)

Politics, Economics and Strategy 14 Vegetation, cultivated land, field of sight in the plains.

BIMONTHLY 3upplement to number two )f Rivista Militare Italian Edition

=ditor in Chief: ,.:iier Giorgio Franzosi Management an d Editorial Office 8. Via di S. Marco · i.'°1 86 Roma ·: al. 47357373

.dvertising <:are of the Secretariat of o,ivista Militare i el. 6794200.

·Printer Tipografia FUSA Editrice s.r.l. Via Anastasio 11, 95 • 00165 Roma Subscription and forwarding By mail Gruppo IV - 70%. Conditions for 1989 One issue: Lit 4,000 One back issue: Lit. 8.000 Subscription rates: Italy 22.000 Abroad: lit. 30,000 Payment mu& be made on postal account No. 22521009 in the name oi SME Uffocio Rivista Militate • Administrative Department • 1/ia XX Settembre 123iA · Rome. Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order. Authorized by the Court of Rome under No. 944 of the Registry by decrett 7-6- 194S.

(Mario Buscemi)

20 Command and Control . 28 The mechanized and armoured minor complex. Logistics. 34 International military sports. (Renato Agostini)

Sociology and Staff Problems 40 The Church among military men. (Gaetano Bonicelli)

History 44 The war in the mountains. (Rudyard Kip ling)

51 The employment of Cossaks in Italy. (Benedetto Rocca)

Militaria 63 Adolfo Menzel. {Alessandro Gasparinetti)

66 Military artists and artist military men. (Ferdinando Schettino)

Issue edited by: Augusto Ma&rofini

70 Glossary 79 Book Reviews

'·:1e·--ber ol USP

Jnicne S~a-ipa Periooica Ualiana

Instructions for c ontributors: Anyone may contribute. To garantee the i1ig hes: objectivity of information. R vista Militare leaves contributors c onsiderable freeoom. though , does not necessarily share their opinions. The Au thor 's thus solely respon sible for the articles whicl1, p ublist1ed unedited ar10 v,/thou t editorial ties. e).(clusively reflec t 1,-s personal id eas. Articles must be orig inal ·n thought ar:c: st1ould not exceeo ten typewritten pages. Once th e Author is p aid 'or his article. he lose s all exclusive rights. Rivista IVlilitare may iheri pass the anicle o n to other pub lications and EtvlPA (European Military Press Ag ency) periooicals. Arfcles should be accompanied by su·tabte photographs. ·11ustrations and explanalory tables. A pt1oiograpn of the AJ thor. together with a brief '·cur(culum vitae·· a no a 10 line typewritten summary of the article 111oulo be mucl1 apprec ated . Rivista Militare claims the righ'. to change the iille o f ar1icles ,.;nd choose the type face ,jeemed most suiiable.

CONTENTS

Number one 1989 January-February

Rivista Militare aims at b roadening and updating the technical and vocational training of OHicers and NCOs. It is thus a means of p rop agating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Throug h the p ublication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy

f. \The North Atlantic Treaty sig ned in . Washington on Ap ril 4, 1949, is an

ssential/y military alliance and is (P.xclusive/y defensive. Its basic aim j s to avoid war. '0

NATO. A politico-military paradox with a rotarian spirit. ( Vittorio Bernard)

14 Italy towards the Europe of 1992.

(Carlo De Benedetti)

22 The tecnological and industrial policy of the Army. (Sandro Romagnoli)

BIMONTHLY

i Supplement to number one l of Rivista Militare Italian Edition : Editor in Chief: )Pier Giorgio Franzosi Management and Editorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco . 00 186 Roma Tel. 47357373

Science, Technology and Training 30 Airborne radar systems for battlefield surveillance. (Basilio Di Martino)

39 Glossary.

! Advertising

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o f the Secretariat of

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ITel. 6794200. J

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Sociology and Staff Problems 50 Conscripts: from discomfort to integration. (Vittorino Andreoli)

58 The safeguard of the young recruits' health. (Guido Cucciniello)

History 68 The war in the mountains. (Rudyard Kipling)

j Authorized by the Court of Rome under J

No. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6- 1949.

Issue edited by:

Militaria

72 The alpine press.

Augusto Mastrofini

(Claudio Magris)

Member of USP! Unione Stampa Period1ca ltaliana

Instructions for contributors: Anyone may contribute. To g arantee the hig hest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leav es contri b utors considerable freedom, though it d oes not necessarily share their opinions. The Aui hor is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published uned ited and w ithout ed itorial ties. exclu sively reflect his personal ideas. A rticles must be original in thoug ht and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author is paid for his article. he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Agency) period icals Articles shoulo be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations and explanatory tab les. A p hotograph of the Author, together with a b rief "curriculum vi tae" and a 10 line typ ewritten summary of the article v.tould be much appreciated. Rivista Militare c laims the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable.

TffVJ~Y11,~

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:r.,,4}rt;: --

CONTENTS

Number three 1989 May-June

Rivista Militare aims at broaden ng and Jpoatin g the techn·c al and vocational training oi Officers and NCOs. It is t11us a means of propagating the military way of thinr<ing and a fo rum of study and debate. Tl1rough t11e publication of art:cles of technical ano scientific interest. Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general p ublic on the Army and on military issues.

--=-/n the mountains, where the ground is covered with snow and ice, mobility is of the utmost importance.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Technological Development and Tomorrow's Society. (Giro Di Martino)

8 Disarmament and Security. (Vittorio Bernard)

18 Italian Economy in the International Outlook. (Cesare Romiti)

BIMONTHLY Supplement to number three of Rivista Militare Italian Edition

24 The Defence of Europe and European Defence. (Vittorio Barbati)

Editor in Chief: Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Science, Technology and Training

Management and Editorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome Tel. 47357373

36 The History of the Italian Marines.

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46 Autumn Forge '88. (Paolo Vatpolini)

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History

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52 The War in the Mountains.

Conditions for 1989 One issue: Lit 4,000 One back issue: Lit. 8,000 Subscription rates: Italy 22,000 Abroad: Lit. 30,000 Payment muS1 be made on postal account No. 22521 009 in the name of SME Ufficio Rivista M mtare • A.dministrative Department • Via _ XX Settembre 123/A • Rome. Residents ii.broad may remil payment through bank cheque or interriational postal o rde,. Authorized by the Court of Rome under llo. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6-1949.

(Rudyard Kipling)

57 The Battle of Marignano. (Sergio Onnis)

65 Glossary 80 Book Reviews

Issue edited by: Augusto Mastrofini

Instructions for contributors: Anyone may con tribL.te. To gara ntee the h ghest objectivily of information. R;,.,-sta

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Militare leaves contributors considerable freedom. though ·t does not necessarily share their opin·ons. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles whicr1, published unedited ano wi thoui editorial ties. exc lusively reflect his personal ideas. Artic les must be orig inal ·n thought ano should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author is pa·d for his article , he loses all exc lusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other pu blications and EMPA (European tvlilitary Press Agency) periodicals. Artic les should be accompanied by suitable photog raphs. illustrations and explanatory tables. A pl1otograph of ,he Author, tog ether witl1 a brief ··c urric ulum vitae·· and a 10 line typewritten summary of t11 e artic le would b e much appreciated. Rivista tvlilita re claims lhe righ l lo change the title of articles and choose the 1ypeface deemed most suitable

CONTENTS

Numero 4/89 LUGLIO - AGOSTO

Rivista Militare a ims at b roadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and I\COs It is thus a means o' p ropagating the milita ry way of thinking and a forum of study and debate Through the p ublication or articles of technical and scientific interest. Rivista Militare also aims at ;nforming the genera l public on the Army and on military ·ssues

Politics, Economics and Strategy The vitality of the Italian industry represents a point of honour of the Country in view of the European single market, as it was, hcwever, over more than 40 years from World War II, that witnessed the grandiose transformation of a Country that was mainly based on agriculture, into the fifth industrial power of the World.

2 Italian Economy and Industry. (Sergio Pininfarina)

14 The Problem of Defence in Italy. (Francesco Cervoni)

Science, Technology and Training BIMESTRALE

22 The Italian Research Programme Antarctica.

IJirettore Responsabile Pier Giorgio Franzosi

Sociology and Staff Problems I >ire zione e Red azione · 'ia d i $. Marco. 8 -,0186 Rome ·. el. 47357373 : •ubblici1a • cura della segreteria . 1ll'Ufficio Rivista Militare al. 6794200. f ,lampa l:,tituto Geogralico De Agostini

Novara. C'istributore esclusivo per !'Italia A, & G. Marco v. Fortezza, 27 Milano tel. (02) 2526.

Spedizione 'n abbonamento postale Gruppo IV - 70%. C-on dizioni di ce ssione per ii 1989 'Jn fascicolo: Lit. 4.000 Jn fascicolo arretrato: Lit. 8.000 ·.bbonamento: Italia Lil 22.000 stero Lit 30.000. L 'importo deve ssere versato su c/c postale . 2252 1009 intestato a ;ME Ufficio Rivista Militare -

;ezione di amministrazione 'ia XX Scttemb(e 123/A - Rurnc1.

33 Foreign Language Studies in the Italian Army. (Susan Murphy)

History 38 The Trajan Column. (Annamaria Liberati, Francesco Silverio)

48 On the Italian Front during the 1st World War. (Rudyard Kipling)

66 Glossary 77 Book Reviews

residenti all'estero possono ersari: l'importo tramite assegno ancano o vagha ,nternazionale . ,utorizzazione del Tribunale Registro

Ji Roma al n. 944 del 'I on decreto 7-6-1 949.

- - -=---

~ascicolo curato da: Augusto Mastrofini

Associato all'USPI Unione Stampa Periodica ltafiana

Instructions for contributors: Anyone may contribute. To gara ntee the higt1est objectivity of information. Rivista Militare leaves con tributors consi derable freeoom. thoug h it does not nec essarily share their opinions. The Author is th Js solely responsible for the articles whicl1, publ:shed unedited ano without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal id eas. Articles must b e original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author s paio for his art icle. he loses all exclu sive rights. Rivista lv1ilitare may then p ass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Milita ry Press Agency) period ic als. Articles should be ac companied by suitable photographs. illustrations and explanatory tables. A photograph of the Author, together ·with a briei · curriculum vi tae·· and a 1o line typewrtten summary of the article woulc be rnucl, appreciateo. Rivista Militare claims the right to chang e the titl e ot anicles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable.

CONTENTS .

Numero 5/89 SETTEMBRE-OTTOBRE

Rivis:a l\.-1 lirare ;.;irr'; ,?.t ::;rcader,irG and upo;.;·ing lhe 1ectv1ical ar:.: vocal 0·1al irai·ting oi Ohc-ers a"l:.1 i\COi~. It is :tiuS a m;;:1.rs cf propagating :i·e rri itary way:;' 11, nk ng a·-o ;.; fcrum oi stucly w·:; j eba:e. Tr,ro.,Jh l'1e Pvbrcation er artic les oi tect,-,-cal nrr. scierrfic i~1mest. R;vi s:a tvl ir tare G.lso a·.-,·,s at i-,fcri,-.--g :re g,:;r wal pLblic o,- t'le A.rmy aro or, rr11 itary iss~ics.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Disarmament within Security.

,;,,neral and complete disarmament ·emains the ullimale objective. in a 'ramework of stability. transparency ind respect of the principles of the

IJnited Nations.

(G,ulio Andreotti)

10 Industrial Strategy and Manage ment in the Field of Defence . (Umberto Agnelli)

16 The Paris Conference and Chemical Weapons. (Piero Baroni)

24 Non Nuclear Defence in Europe.

BIMESTRALE

Supplemento al n. 5 ciella Rivista Militare

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( Edward N. L uttwak)

Science, Technology and Training 32 Women's Military Service seen from the Point of View of Military Men. (Francesco Cervonij

38 Phinia '89 Amphibious Exercise. (Paolo Valpolmij

Direzione e Redazion e Via di S. Marco. 8 00186 Roma Tel. &7357373

History

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44 France at war. (Rudyard Kipling)

Stampa rrpografia FUSA Edittice I. v-.a Anastasio II. 95 · 00165 Roma

s.,

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Condizioni di cessione p er ii 1989 Un fascico!o: lit. 4.000 Un fascico!o arrelrato: Lil. 8.000 Abbonamento: Italia Lti. 22.000 estero lit. 30.000. L 'importo d eve essere versalo su cic postale n. 22!>21009 intestato a SME Ufficio Rivista Mi litare Sezione di amministraz,one Via XX Setlembre 1231A • Roma. I resident, a1rcstero possono ve<sarc l'impono tramite assegoo bancario o vag!ia intcrnnzional e. Autorizzazione del Tribunale di Roma al n. 944 de! Regislro con dec,eto 7·6·1949.

52 Life and Battles of Napoleon.

Militaria 61 The Female Military Service seen by: Francesca Gagliardo di Carpinello. (Giamp,ero Linardi)

66 Biographical Sketches of Military Painters: Richard Knotel. (Alessandro Gasparinetti)

72 Glossary 80 Book Reviews

Fascicolo curato da: Augusto Mastrofini

,\ssoc ~to airtJS.PI U 11ione Stanpa Fer1od12 Ualians.

Instructions for contributors: A·1yone rnay co1' l1ibu:e. To g ara.,lce tre 1..-ghest obje:::tivi,y of infcrrrat10:1. Rivi sw Mi ilare lea·..,es cc·11rit,c.tors cc"lsid eratle freeoom :t1c .1g t- ,: ,jocs n01 1eoes sc:'iy share i11e·· op fil0ns - ,,e Author is lh-s so ely resrons b'e fer ,he arli:::les wricl, pu c lisheo ,wee ·.ec ano v.; :t·oui eoilo'.ial I es. exc usivcly reflect h s personal ideas .£;,t c es ,r_.st t)e orig na in :l10,1ghl ,;nd sriot..l c 101 exce ec te'l ·ype·,vritten pnges. O·1oe i11e AJthor 1s p a·c v-r ·1is artic le . ..,e loses all e ><eil.s·vc r <Jhls. 9 v sra ~,rn1are may t'len :;ass rhe ariic le on lo oth er Pl.· :J,·::.,:ions anc Hv1P.A (Evorean lvli,itary P·css ;\(_;ency) p eriodic!,!~;. ,A.rtioles S'l0U'C ::ie a::ccm:.ia"ied by suitable pr:;tographs. L slrariors ,md explr,natory :&tiles. A pl, orograph o' tne Auther l~Jet1°er ·Nilh a br ef "cu'riou'urn v · lae .. and a 10 lire type·-.<:rillen sumrrary of the article would be rn.ch i:oarec a:ecl. R'v s:G. M litare ::!aims :he righ: tc c , ange :11e t':le c l a-I cl es a1d c noose rhe 1ypeface cee·T,e::l "ll0SI SJitab e

CONTENTS W

Numero 6/89 NOVEMBRE-DICEMBRE

Rivista Militare a ims at b roadening a nd updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and d ebate. Through the p ublication of articles of technic a l and scientific interest, Rivista Militare a lso aims at informing th e general public on the Army a nd on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The Army within the Defence pattern

, Army nf the year 2000 does not mg to the future, because the time ded to set up such a complex rument must be reckoned in years, ve,y small number of years which rJes us from the above mentioned

of the year 2000. (Domenico Corcione)

14 NATO 40 years of peace and progress in security. (Vittorio Bernard)

22 The negotiation on conventional forces in Europe. (Mario Sardo}

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ettore Responsabile ·r Giorgio Franzosi

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cario o vaglia intemazionale.

32 The meeting on security and cooperation in Europe. (Piero Bonabello)

Science, Technology and Training 42 «Structure 2000» of the Army of the Federal Republic of Germany. (Carlo Cabigiosu)

52 Gebirgs und Winterkampfschule. (Paolo Valpolini)

History 58 France at War. (Rudyard Kipling)

Militaria 65 Tato: futurist and airpainter. (Vinicio Saviantoni)

69 Glossary

,rizzazione del Tribunale loma al n . 944 del Registro decreto 7-6-1949.

cicolo curato da: IUSIO Mastrofini

roprieta letteraria a.r1istica scien1ifica riseNala

Asscciato all'USPI Uoione Stampa Periodica lta'iana

78 Book Reviews

Instructio ns for contributors: Anyone may contribute. To garantee the t1ig hest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors considerab le freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The A uthor ·s thus solely responsib le for the articles which . published unedited a nd ,.._~thout editorial ties. exclusively reflect his personal ioeas. Articles must be orig inal in though t a nd should not exc eed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author is paid fo r h·s ,articl e. he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then p ass ihe article on to other pub lications and EMPA (European Military Press Ag ency) periodicals. Articles should b e accompa nied by suitable p hotographs. illustrations and explanatory tables. A photograph of the Author, together w ith a b rief "curriculum vitae" and a 1O line typewritten summary ot the article would be much appreci ated. Rivista Militare claims the rig ht to change the title of articles and choose the type face deemed most suitable.

1990 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

•

Number One 1998 January-February

March -April

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is t hus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on m ilitary issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy It will be possible to give the Italian military instrument full validity and effectiveness by exalting professionali~m and enhancing

i/11:1

~Kill~ of 1/Je

individual soldier.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplem ent to numbers 1 and 2 of Rivista Milita re Italian Edition

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO Management and Editoria l Office 8, Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 47357373 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 6795027 Printer Stilgrafica 36, Via della Martella 00157 Rome Phone 43588200 Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 5898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c Conditions for 1998: One number: Lit. 4,000 One back number: Lit. 8,000 Subscription rates: Italy 22,000 a year Abroad: Lit. 30,000 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 in the name of SME - Centro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Rasidonts abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order.

Authorized by the Court o f Rome under No. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6-1949

1998

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

2 Strategic Balances (Luigi Semprini)

16 The Indian Subcontinent (Ornella Rota) 22 The Activities in International Operations (Giovanni Manione)

28 Interview with the Chief of Staff of the Netherlands Army

36 Interview with the Chief of Staff of the Portuguese Anny

Science, Technology and Training ARMY PROJECT 2000 44 Guidelines of Change

(Ivan Felice Resce)

52 The Operational Component of the Army (Domenico Villani)

64 Command and Control in Military Operations (Ivan Felice Resce) 78 Battlefield Visualization (Pier Paolo Lune/Ii)

Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photog, aph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

• /

N umbe r Two 1998

May-June .

July -August

Rivista Militare aims at broadening an d updating the technical and v ocation al training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propag ating th e military way o f thinking and a forum of study and debate. Thro ugh the publication of artic le s of technica l and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare also aims at inform ing t he g eneral public on the Arm y and on military is sues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy

· be possible to give the Italian q in strument full validity and rveness by exaltlng professiomJ/nd enhancing the skills of the :Jual soldier.

Development and C o n flicts (1\llauri-;.io Coccia)

UR- MONTHLY

Interview with the Chief of S taff o f the Belgian Army

,lement to numbers 3 and 4 vist a Milita re Italian Edition

or in C hief: ,anni CERBO

~gem en t a nd Edito r ial Offi ce S . Marco 6 Rome e 47357373 rtisin g of the Secretariat ,ista Militare e 6795027 er it o Moggio ia Alberobello 3Rome e 20137 14 opro c essin g o Lodoli e 5898780 ,cription and forwarding ail 362/96, art. 2, para 20/ c lition s for 1998: number: Lit. 4,000 back number: Lit. 8,000 cription rates: Italy 22,000 a year 3d: Lit. 30,000 a y ear 1ent must be made on postal unt No. 22521009 in the name ~E - Centro pubblicist ica :sercito 123/ A , Via XX mbre - Rome lents abroad may remit paythrough bank cheque or 1ational postal order.

Interview with the Chief of the Ca nadia n F orces' Land S taff

Science, Technology and Training

1 di

x ized by the Court of Rome r No. 944 of t he Registry by ie 7 -6 -1949

ARMY PROJECT 2000 Capability Packages. The "Combat" Function (Domenico Villani - Sabata Errico) A.ntiaircraft Artillery. Development and Prospects (Sauro Baistrocchi) The "Combat Support" Function. The E ngineer Co rps (Ivan Felice Resce - A'1ario Ruggiero) I.and Artillery. Development and Prospects (Rocco Panun zi - G ualtiero De Cicco) Towards the N ew Anny. Review of the Situation (A m ilcare Casalotto - Nicola Gela o) Operational Planning in Multinational Contexts ( 1s t Part) (Pier Paolo Lunelli )

Rou nd Tables

Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

1998

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE $TAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

>red uction of this magazine >een supervised rnero Rampa.

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the h ighest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share t heir opinions. The Author is thus so lely responsible for t he articles w hich, published unedited and without edito rial t ies, exclusively reflec t his p ersonal ideas. Articles must be original in t hought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he los es all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other public ations and EMPA (European Military Press Asso ci ation) p eriodicals. Artic les should be acc ompan ied by suit ab le photographs, illu stration s, explanatory tables, together w ith a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten -line typewritten summary. Rivista M ilitare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choo se the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped w ith a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging . In order to m ak e the production of the arti cles more expeditious, it is desirable that t he Aut hors provide, besides the text on paper, also the d iskette w ith the text files o f t he artic le. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

Number Three 1998 September - Octoher November -December

Rivist a Militare aims at bro adening and upd ating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and deb ate. Through the publication of articles of tech nical and scient ific interest, Ri vista Militare also aims at informing the general pu blic on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy

The operational scenarios deriving from the disapp earance o f the traditional threa t have enJ1anced the role of individual training in the soldier's p reparation.

FOUR-M O NTHLY

Supp lement to n u mbers 5 and 6 of Rivista M ilitare Italian Edit io n

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO

Management and Editorial Office S, Via d i S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 47357373 Advertising :are of the Secretariat ::>f Rivista M ili tare Phone 679502 7 Printer

>\RTIGRAFI C.:HE Ot ANGEL IS s.r.l.

2 The New N ATO

(Vittorio Barbatij 10 Interview with the Chief of Staff of the Norwegian Anny (Enrico 1\tl agnan i) 18 Interview with the Chief of the Danish Defence Staff (E11rico Magnani) 26 Human Rights - Pragmatism and Ambiguity (Orne/la Rota )

Science, Technology and Training 32 Operational Planning (Pier Paolo Lunel/ij

ilia dell a Mcrcede I 2

W MA

Ph otoprocessi ng Studio Lodoli Phone 5898780 Subscription an d forwarding ay mail Law 662/ 96, art. 2, p ara 20/c Co nditio ns for 1998: Jne number: Lit. 4,0 00 Jne back numb er: Lit. 8,000 Subscription rates: Italy 22,000 a year !\broad: Lit. 30,000 a year ?ayment must b e m ade on p ostal ~ccount N o. 2252 1009 in the name ::>f SME - Centro pubblicistica jell 'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settem bre - Ro m e =!esidents abroad may remit ::>ayment th rough bank c heque or nternational postal o rder.

l\uthorized by the Court of Rome ;nder No. 944 o f the Reg istry by :!ecree 7-6-19 49

50 Army Project 2000 Capability Packages. Training and Schools (Ivan Felice Resce - Sabata Errico)

66 Capability Packages. Logistics (Sauro Ba istrocchi) 80 Planning: Year One (Ivan Felice Resce) 92 Evolutionary trencl-. of the Capability Packages. Post-2010 Scemufos of Employment Ideas and Reflections for the Forces' Devclup111t:nl (Sauro Baisrrocchij

105 Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

1998 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIOINE STAMPA PERIOOICA ITALI ANA

The pro d uction of this magazine 'las been supervised ::>y Omero Rampa.

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee t he highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors am ple freedom , tho ugh it does not nec essari ly share their opinions. The A uthor is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published uned ited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in t hought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable p hotographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a b rief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to cha nge the title of articles and choose the typefac e deemed most suitable. Rivista M ilitare is equipped with a compu terized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the product ion of the articles more exped itious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also tile diskette with t he text files of t he article. Any system and type of compu ter can be used.

1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number One 1999 January - Fchruary March -A1>ril

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updatin g t he tec hnical an d vocational t rain ing of Officers a nd NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the p ublication of articles o f technical and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare a lso aims at informing the general p ublic on the Army and on m ilitary issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy land military instrument must capable of guaranteeing. within Alliances, the security of the tion as w ell as the restoration strengthening of peace.

UR-MONTHLY

2 In the Nam e of Islam (1\llcwri z.io Coccia)

12 Th e European N uclear Deterrent (Maurizio 8011i)

24 Poland . The New Army Interview with the Chief of Staff of t he Polis h Defence (c:nrico Mag1u111i) nagement and Editorial Office ia di S. Marco 186 Rome one 39 06 47357373 :lvertising re of t he Secretariat Rivista lv1ilitare one 39 06 6795027 inter !lgrafica Via della Mortella )157 Rome i one 39 06 4 3588200 r.otoprocessing udio Lodoli one 39 06 5898780 bscription a nd for warding mail w 662/96, art. 2 , para 20/c ndit ions for 1999: e number: Lit. 4,000 e back nu m ber: Lit. 8,000 bscription rates: Italy 22,000 a year road: Lit. 30,000 a year ym ent must be made on p ostal !count N o . 22521009 in the name 1SME - Centro pubblicistica ~ll'Esercito 123/A, Via XX ~ttembre - Ro me r sidents abroad may rem it ~yment tlllrough ban k cheque or ernational postal order.

I·

thorized b y the Court of Rome der No. 944 of t he Registry by ~cree 7-6-1949

34 Turkey. Th e New Army Interview with the Chief of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces (f:;nrico Mag nani)

40 Kosovo (Giuseppe Caforio - Adam Copani)

48 A New International Order Globalization and Multie thnical Societies (Omelia Rota)

Science, Technology and Training 54 Op eratio nal Planning in Multinational Contexts (Pier T'aolo Limelli)

The Anny of the Future. Deve lopment Plan 76 Planning Tomon ow (Claudio Gra z iano) 86 The Army's Interna tional Dimension (Sauro l3aistrocchi) 96 Information ·w arfare (Man lio Silveslri)

105

Sommairc - Inhalt - Resumcn

1999 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

Ie production o f t h.1s magazine ·

s been supervised Omero Rampa.

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To g uarantee the highest objectivity o f information, Rivista Militare leaves contribut ors ample freedom, though i t docs not necessarily share t heir opinions. The Author is t hus solely responsible for the articles whic h, published unedited an d without editorial ties. exclusively reflect his perso nal ideas. Articles must be o rig inal in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Autt1or receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rig hts. Rivisla Militare may then p ass the article on to other publicatio ns and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles sho uld b e accompanied by suitable photographs, illust rat ions, explanatory t ables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to c hange the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista M ilitare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the produc tion of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors p rovide. besides the text o n paper, a lso the diskette with the text files of t he article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

Number Two 1999 May-June July -August

Rivista M ilitare aims at broaden ing and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is t hus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication o f articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on m ilitary issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy Today's opera tional contests, mainly mu ltination al and multiservice, enhance the function of the individual soldier and his personal responsibility.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplem ent to numbers 3 and 4 of Rivista M ilitare It alian Edition

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO Management and Editorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco 001 86 Rome Phone 0039 06473573 73 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039 066795027 Printer STILGRAFICA 36, Via d ella Mortella 00157 Rome Phone 0039 0643588200 Photoprocessin g Studio Lodoli Phone 0039 065898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 662/ 96, art. 2, para 20/ c Conditions for 1999: One number: Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2,06 One back number: Lit. 8,000 - Euro 4,12 Subscription rates Italy: Ure 22,000 a year Abroad: Lire 30,000 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SME Centro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order

Authorized by the Court ot Rome under No. 944 of the Registry by Decree 7-6- 1949

2 Politics, Economy, Teclmology, Strategy Four Connected Variables · (Vittorio Ba1bati) 10 Inteniew \\.'ith the Chief of the Hellenic Anny General S taff (T:11 rico ;'v/agna11ij 16 Intenicw with the Commander in Chief of the Czech Army (E11rico Mngnanij 22 The Atlantic Alliance and its Stabilizing Role (Ciova1111i ;'vfariz.z.aj 28 The Role of the Italian Armed Forces after Bipolarism (Giovanni Bucciol) 40 Defence Industry: the Latest Strategics (Franco Bal<ll)

44 International Cooperation (Omella Rola)

Science, Technology and Training The Army of the Future. Development Plan 52 Task Oriented The Army Project for Europe (Claudio Gra.z.iano) 66 The New Adherence Logistics (Claudio Cmzia110) 84 The Lessons Learned Cycle We Learn from Our Mistakes (Pierluigi Afonteduro, Michele Risi) 98 Italian CIMIC Unit The Engagement of the Engineer Corps' Officers and NCOs in Bosnia

10 I Sommaire - Inhalt - Rcsumcn

1999 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITAUANA The production of this maoazine has been supervised ~ by Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest object ivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves co ntributors ample freedom , though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for t he articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculu m vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the ty.peface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesett ing and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expediti ous, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

"1umber Three 191>'> Scptembet - October "lovemher -December

Rivista M ilitare aims at broadening and updating t he technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of p ropagating the m ilitary way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at inform ing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy

Tod ay 's operati o nal c o ntes t s. main ly multina ti o na l and ;multiservice, enhance the function Iof the individual sold ier and his personal responsibility.

2 The Italian Armv on the Threshold of the 21 sl Century ( Presemation by f he Ch ie( of Staff of Lhe Army al 1he Cemre for High Defence Srudies)

, Supplement to numbers 5 a nd 6 of Rivista M ilitare Italian Ed itio n

10 Hungary. The New Army Intenriew with the Am1y Chief of Staff (Enrico Magnani)

' ~ditor in Chief: 3iovanni CERBO

22 The Non-Governmental lntenmtional Organizations

FOUR-MONTHLY

: Management and Editorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco 001 86 Rom e Phone 0039 0647357373 Advertising Care of the Secretariat 1 of Rivista M ilitare ' Phone 0039 066795027 Printer Fotolito Maggio 00010 Villa Adriana - Tivoli Tel. 0774 .381922 - Fax 0774 .509504

Photoprocessing Studio Lodo li Phone 0039 065898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail , Law 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c , Conditions for 1999: One number: Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2,06 One back number: Lit. 8,000 · Euro 4.12 Subscription rates I Italy: Ure 22,000 a year Abroad: Lire 30,000 a year I Payment must be made on postal , account No. 22521009 • SME Centro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre • Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or ' international postal order

Authorized by the Court of Rome under No . 944 of the Registry by ' Decree 7-6-1949

(1\11assi1110 Paniz.z.i)

38 Bersaglieri for Peace The "Garibaldi" Brigade in Kosovo 44 Conflicts in the World (Ornella Rota)

Science, Technology and Training

The Army of the Future. Development Plan 54 Operational Modules or the Manoeuvre Forces The Combat Function (Claudio Graziano)

70 Peacebuilding Operations (Pier Giorgio Segala) 78 The New Doctrine of the Am1y (Dome11ico Zucaro)

History 88 Roman Emperors. Gaius Julius Caesar (Carmine Fiore)

100 Roman Emperors. Octavian Augustus (Carmine fiore)

109 Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

1999 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

~ @ 1

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The prod uction of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Ram pa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee t he highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom , though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and withol, t editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illust rations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In orcler to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and t ype of computer can be used .

2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

:\umber One 2000

January - February March -April

Rivista Mililare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy J Army's out-of-area engagements i more and m ore frequent, as Jwn also by the recent mission in iway East 7imor.

)UR-MONTHLY

pplement to numbers 1 and 2 , Rivista M ilitare Italian Edition

litor in Chief: ovanni CERBO magement and Editorial Office Via d i S. Marco 186 Rom e one 0039 0647357373 lvertising re of t he Secretariat Rivista Militare one 0039 06679502 7 inter ~nT..e,c1., nom11:1i1

~ §,€.C91,n,ouTOCAARA ROMA · T111 c,:..~ l:!l:i • ~ c.;.'.ler.J'l'f f.tPJ - Zonll lnd . S ~ • T\'I.OU,1,'$173'2:l

ot opro cessing 1dio Lodoli c1ne 0039 065898780 bscription and forwarding mail w 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c nditions for 2000: 3 number. Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2,06 1 3 back number. Lit 8,000 - Euro 4,12 ,,bscription rates ~;: Lire 22,000 a year .oroad: Lire 30,000 a year -1ymenl must be made on postal ,count No. 22521009 - SME •ntro pubblicistica dell'Esercito ~.3/ A, Via XX Settembre - Rome '1sidents abroad may remit yment through bank cheque or ~rnational postal order thorized by the Court of Rome jer No 944 of the Registry by · cree 7-6 -1949

10 The Army of 2000. The Current Situation ( Roberto Specicde) 22 An Army for Europe (Claudio Grazia11oj 38 The Balkans. ltalv in the Frontline ( Pier Paolo LunelliJ 54 Nuclear AnnamenLo;;. Concepts m1d P~judice (/vlai,1 riz.io Coccia)

62 Romania. The New Armv. Intervie,-v with the Armv Chief of Staff (F11 /ico i'vlagncrniJ

68 East Trmor. The Italians in the Ghost Island (Salvatore Capochianij 76 On the Oil Routes (Omella Rataj

Science, Technology and Training 82 "Integrated Logistics" for the l\lfanagement of Annv Materials (Frnncisco Zinno)

History 92 Roman Emperors. Tiberius (Carm ine Fiore)

102 Roman Emperors. Titus Flavius Vespasian (Carn1i11e Fiore)

110 Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

2000 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

rhe production of this magazine ias been supervised Omero Rampa

2 The Italian Anned Forces' Contribution to the Security Process in the Construction of European Unity (Francesco CaFoni)

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom , though it does no\ necessarily share their opin ions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves t he right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a com puterized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

'.'-lumber Three 2000 September - October November - December

·Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the m ilitary way of thinking and a fo rum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at inform ing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

'h e Army is changi ng inio a rofessional Service, capable o f ontributing to the safeguard of the :ountry's interests anywhere, and of 1terpreting the security needs of tile tlantic .Alliance, with a main role in 'uropean Defence.

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The Army for Europe and for the Country The Adherence Logistics (Claudio Graz,ianoj

16 A Revolution in Military Affairs

(Pier Paolo l.unellij

=ouR-MONTHLy ;upplem ent to numbers 5 and 6 f Rivista M ilit are Italian Ed itio n

:ditor in Chief: iiovanni CERBO 1anagement and Editorial Office , Via d i S. Marco 0186 Rome hone 0039 0647357373 .dvertising :are of the Secretariat f Rivista M ilitare hone 0039 066795027 rinter IPOLITOGRAFIA S.E.A. srl ia Cesena, 4 B ) 182 Rome hotoprocessing tud io Lodoli hone 0039 065898780 ubscript ion and forward ing ymail aw 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c :onditions for 2000: one number. Lit 4,000 - Euro 2.06 one back number. Lit. 8,000- Euro4.12 ubSC!iption rates 3.ly: Lire 22,000 a year broad: Li re 30,000 a year ayment m ust be made on p ostal :count No. 22521009 - SME entro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 23/ A, Via. XX Settembre - Rome esidents abroad may remit 3.yment tihrough bank cheq ue or ternational postal order

uthorized by the Court of Rome 1der No. 944 of the Regis try by ecree 7- 6- 1949

28 Sharing Out the Ether

(Omelia Rotaj

34 Switzerland. The New Armed Forces Intenriew \\11th the Chief of the Swiss General Staff (f:nrico AJagnani)

42 Slovak R~public. Interview With the Chief of Staff orthe Slovak Annv (Enrico lv.[agnani)

48 United Europe. Between Dream and Reality (Luigi Cainpagna)

56 The Militarv Instrument's Organizational Problem (Sauro Baistrocchi)

70 International Relations in the New Millemrium (Carlo Belli11z.ona)

Science, Technology and Training 78 Command and Control The. l\fa!lliold Aspects of an Acronym and Its Denvatlons

(Angelo Paczfici)

86 The Non-Lethal Weapons

(Giovanni Carai;el/i)

94 A Reserve on a Voluntary Basis

(Luigi Semprinij

Current Events 109 Premio Giornalistico Esercito 113

Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

2000 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

1e produ ction of this m agazine is been supervised f Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee t he highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessari ly share their opin ions. The Author is th us solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exc lusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompan ied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make t he product ion of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

'.'-lumber Three 2000 September - October November - December

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The Army for Europe and for the Country The Adherence Logistics (Claudio Graz,ianoj

16 A Revolution in Military Affairs

(Pier Paolo l.unellij

=ouR-MONTHLy ;upplem ent to numbers 5 and 6 f Rivista M ilit are Italian Ed itio n

uthorized by the Court of Rome 1der No. 944 of the Regis try by ecree 7- 6- 1949

28 Sharing Out the Ether

(Omelia Rotaj

34 Switzerland. The New Armed Forces Intenriew \\11th the Chief of the Swiss General Staff (f:nrico AJagnani)

42 Slovak R~public. Interview With the Chief of Staff orthe Slovak Annv (Enrico lv.[agnani)

48 United Europe. Between Dream and Reality (Luigi Cainpagna)

56 The Militarv Instrument's Organizational Problem (Sauro Baistrocchi)

70 International Relations in the New Millemrium (Carlo Belli11z.ona)

Science, Technology and Training 78 Command and Control The. l\fa!lliold Aspects of an Acronym and Its Denvatlons

(Angelo Paczfici)

86 The Non-Lethal Weapons

(Giovanni Carai;el/i)

94 A Reserve on a Voluntary Basis

(Luigi Semprinij

Current Events 109 Premio Giornalistico Esercito 113

Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

2000 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

1e produ ction of this m agazine is been supervised f Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee t he highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessari ly share their opin ions. The Author is th us solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exc lusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompan ied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make t he product ion of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number One 2001 January - February

March - April

Aivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

lwomen soldiers are now a reality in thi, Italian Army and, together with tt>eir male counterparts, will be the !rs,1in pillars of the professi onal ,ed Forces of the future.

ri1

1~)

UR-MONTHLY

....::p lement to num b ers 1 and 2 \ :11ivista Militare Italian Edition

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Efficiency and Credibiliur Interview With the Chief of the Italian Defence Staff (Giovanni Cerbo j 12 The Strategic Thought in a Changing World ( Umberto Cappuzw )

28 A New Role for the United Nations

,. ··1,tor in Chief: ovanni CERBO

,· n agement and Editorial Office •iia di s. Marco p,i "86 Rome 1Pt1 '.)ne 0039-06-679502 7 1~,, 'lertising , a of the Secretariat ·!ivista Militare 1k : :ne 0039 066 795027 · ,ter

(Giulio Fraticelli)

36 The Europe of Defence (;Haurizio Coccia)

52 "Network Centric" Warfare A New System for Crisis Management (Giovanni Caravelli)

66 The Italian Soldier in Peace Missions Interview With Ambassador Staffan De Mistura Director of the UN Information Centre (Danilo 1vforiero)

Pi· ~,toprocessing ~i::, jio Lodol i .•.,ne 0039-06-5898780 1 • .scription and forwarding ,.,..· ,nail ·, ,·.'; 662/ 96, art . 2, para 20/c ., .cw,ditions for 2001: ,. number. Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2.06 C-., back number. Lit. 8,000 - Euro4.12 ,·-scription rates: " • : Ure 22,000 a year )ad: Lit. 30,000 a year ~,.. ,nent must be made on postal .)Uni No. 22521009 - SME tro pubblicistica dell'Esercito r~ ·;1A, Via XX Settembre - Rome • ·~:dents abroad may remit >< : ·nent through bank cheque or '!\·:,-national postal order.

\ui horized by the Court of Rome -111-:'.er No. 944 of the Registry by h;. ree 7-6 -1949

2001

72 Eire. The New Armv Interview With the 'Chief of Staff of the Irish Defence Forces (Enrico ivfagnanij

80 India and Pakistan. Development Under the Nuclear Shade (Roberto Nocella )

88 Austral America On the Road to Unitv ( Orne/la Rota)

94 Farewell to Conscription. With Love, but No Regrets (Luigi Semprini)

Science, Technology and Training 102 Training and Simulation (Ghino Andreani)

108 The Single Fuel Concept (Fabio Grandi)

113 Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

T4 - - - - - - - -- - ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PEAIODICA ITALIANA

'he production of this magazine •as been supervised 'YOmero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Aivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-l ine typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

l\"umber Two 2001 :Vlay - .June July - August

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy

The full utilization of the human capital is a crucial prerequisite for the development of any innovatory strategy. in response to present and future challenges, starting with those introduced by the new international scenarios.

•

2 Change at the Top of the Army 4 Militarv Service, Civil Service

and the Constitution (Roberto Specialej

FOUR-MONTHLY

10 A Look at the Meditenanean (1\!lauriz.io Coccia)

Supplem ent to numbers 3 and 4 of Rivista Milit are Italian Ed ition

28 Operational Readiness in UN Missions (C,iulio Fraticelli)

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO

38 USA. The New Armv

Intervie,.v With the Chief of Staff of the United States Army (Enrico Magnani)

Management and Ed itorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome . Phone 0039-06-6795027 Advertising I Care of t he Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039 066795027 Printer Graficart - Form ia (LT) Italy

46 Bu) 0 aria. The New Army Tnte°rview With the Commander of the Bulgarian Land Forces

( Enrico 1'vlag11.a11. i )

54 Non Conventional Weapons and International Terrorism

(Gian(ranco Ti'acci, Uderico Petresca)

59 Mectin_l;{ of the Finabel

" ,

•

Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 0039-06-5898780 Subscription a nd forward in~ -:,, By mail ( ~;;: · Law 662/ 96, art. 2, para 20/c r:: . Conditions tor 2001: · · One number: Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2.06 One back number: Lit 8,000 - Euro 4.12 Subscription rates: · • " Italy: Lire 22,000 a year Abroad: Lit. 30,000 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521 009 a SM E Centro pubblicistica dell' Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - RomeResidents abroad may remit payment t hrough bank cheque or international postal order. Authorized by the Court ;f ·Rome under No. 944 of IJ;le Regi stry by decree 7-6-1 94·ggi'· :{;

~2001 ."''' ;:. @" c opyright by Rivista Mil itare

,) o"·.

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The produc tion of this mag azine has been supervised by Omero Rampa

Commntce in Rome

(Afario Ruggieroj

66 South East Asia (0111.ella Rota)

Scicncc,Technology and Training 70 Missile Defence. A Threat or a Nuclear Deterrent? (/\,fassimo 1lm.orosi)

78 Future Anny A\liation (Gia111paolo Giannettij

84 ,Si~ulation as a :rraining Tool (A;nwne Genzardi)

History 96 Cephalonia . Not To Forget (Enrico Pino)

113 Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest object ivity of information, Rivista Militare

leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share their op inions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (Eu ropean Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging . In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

Number Three 2001 September - October

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of p ropagating the m ilitary way of t hinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Volunteers are the essential core of the new Army, which is increasingly engaged in multinational missions for the defence of peace and international

Jaw.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplem ent to numbers 5 a nd 6 of Rivist a Militare Italian Ed ition

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO Management and Editoria l Office 8, Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 0039 -06-6795027 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039 066795027 Printer Graficart - Formia (LT) Italy

Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 0039-06 -5898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 662/96, art 2, para 20/c Conditions for 2002: One number: Lit. 4,000 - Euro 2.07 One back number: Lit. 8,000 - Euro 4.14 Subscription rates: Italy: Ure 22,000 a year - Euro 11.36 Abroad: Lire 30,000 a year - Euro 15.49 Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SME Centro pubblic istica dell'Eserc ito 123/ A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order. Aut horized by the Court of Rome under No . 944 of the Reg ist ry by decree 7-6- 1949

2001 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The p rod uct ion of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The Stabilization of the Balkans The Role of the Military (Carlo Cabigiosu) 12 The Asian Continent. (Maurizio Coccia) 24 "Out-of-Area" Operations Concepts and Organization (Armando Novelli) 38 To Understand Bosnia (Giovanni Ridim'J) SO Disarmament and

International Security

(Gia11franco Tracci)

58 The "Force Generation" Process (Roberto D 'Alessandro) 66 The "Fduli" Ainnobile Bdgade Exercise "Challenge 2001" (Livia Ciancarella and Andrea Di SLasiuj 78 Ukraine. The New Army. Interview With the Deputy Defence Minister and Commander of the Land Troops (Enrico il-1agnani) 86 Finland. The New Army Interview With the Army Chief of Staff (Enrico /vlag11a11i)

92 The "Northern Dimension" of Europe (Omelia Rota)

Science, Technology and Training 98 SICRAL. A New Challenge For Satellite Telecommunications (Emanuela D'Alessio)

History 106 The Heroes of Masacla History and Legend (Paolo Feniello) 113 Sommaire - Jnhalt - Resumen Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom , though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thlJS solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles mlJst be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (ElJropean Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTE.N TS

Number Two 2002

May - June .July - August

The p roductio n of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Ofticers and NCOs. lt is thus a means of p ropagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the generai public o n the Army and on m ilitary issues.

I Editoria! T/le particufar aptitude of tile ftafian

soldiers for human and social retations is an increasingfy important etement for the success of tfle peacesupport and !JUmanitarian -aid operations conducted wi t/Jin t!Je present internalionaf scenario.

FOUR-MONTHLY

J>o1itics, Economics and Strategy 2 The ltalian Army for World Peacc (Roberto Speciale)

6 The "need to know" in the Ne\.v Operational Scenario (Salvatore Fari11.a an d Pietro Serino)

Supplement to numb ers 3 and 4 of Rivista Militare ltalian Edition

16 The Art of Leadership

Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO

28 A Commander's Reflections (Anllumy C. Zir111i)

Management and Editoria l Office 8, Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome Pilone 0039-06-47357373 Advertising Care of t he Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039-06-6795027 Printer STILGRAFICA Via Ignazio Pettinengo, 31 00100 Roma Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 0039-06-5898780 Subscription and forwarding Bymail Law 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c Conditions for 2002: One number: Euro 2.07 One back number: Euro 4.14 Subscription rates: ltaly: Euro 11.36 a year Abroad: Euro 11.49 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521 009 - Slvl E Centro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre- Rome Residents abroad may remi t payment through bank cheque or international postal order.

38 A European Army?

Authorized by the Court of Rome under No. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6-1949

2002 © Copyright by Rivista Militare ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA The production of this magazine has been supervised

(Mauriz.io Coccia)

(Pier Paolo Lunelli)

56 Europcan Union. A Common Policy for Foreign Relations and Security. Interview With Profcssor Javicr Solana Madariaga (Omelia Rota)

62 The Europe of Security Interview With the Hon. Luigi Ramponi (Giovanni Cerbo)

68 The Italian Corps for NATO (Vincenzo Maugeri ami \lilzcetzzo Pitagora) 82 Italian Soldiers in Kabul (Giorgio Battisri)

90 Estonia. Thc New Army. Interview With the Commander of the Defence Forces (E m-ie o i\11 ag 11 an i)

96 The Rumanian Defence College (Giovanni Sulis)

Science, Teclmology and Training 103 The CompJetion Forces (Francesco Diella ami Giuseppe Bongiot•anni)

History 11 OInflatable Floats (FlaFio Russo)

119 Sonunaire - Inhalt - Resumen lnstructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To garan\ee the higt1est objec\ivity of information, Rivista Militare reaves contributors ampie freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible far the articles which, published unedited and without editoria/ ties, exclusively retrect his personal ideas. Articles must be originar in thought and shoutd not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses ali exclusive rights. Rivista Mìli tare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by sui table photographs, illustrations, explanatory tabres, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief "curriculum vitae" and a ten -tine typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped wi\h a computerized system far phototypesetting and videopaging . In arder to make t he production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors previde, besides the text on paper, also the d iskette with the text fil es of the artici e. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTE_NTS

Numher One 2002

January - Fehruary March - Aprii

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. lt is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the generai public on the Army and on military issues.

The /talian Armed Forces Are striving, together with the Allies, to contrast intemationa/ terrorism, in protecion of peace and international security.

I The Organizazion of the Italian Armv in Conncction With the International Commitmcnts, Particulary With NATO andEU (Roberto Speciale)

Politics, Econornics atÌ.d Strategy FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 1 and 2 of Rivista Militare ltalian Edition

2 The Europe of Security and Development lntcrview With Professor Romano Prodi (Ornella Rota)

6 New J:h.reats, Editor in Chief: Giovanni CERBO Management and Editoria! Office 8, Via d i S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 0039 -06-47357373 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039-06-6795027 Printer GRAFICART Formia (LT), ltaly Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 0039-06-5898780 Subscription and forwarding Bymail Law 662/96, a;i, 2, para 20/c Conditions for 2002: One number. Eul1) 2.07 One back number: Euro 4.14 Subscription rates: ltaly: Euro 11.36 a year Abroad: Euro 11.49 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SME Centro pubblìcistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal arder. Authorized by the Court of Rome under No. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6-1949

2002 © Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The production of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa

~ew

(Maunz.w Coccw)

Strategies

18 Strategie Asvmmetries (Ferruccio Botti) 30 South East Asia Looks to Europe (Giovanni Semprini)

40 Evolution of the Scenario and Planning of the Land Instrument (Salvatore Farinaj

52 The Italian Corps for NATO

(Rocco Vaslola a11(1 Fabrizio Saniillo)

66 Lithuania. The New Armed Forccs Interview With the Ch.ief of Staff of the Anned Forces (Enrico Magnani)

72 Latvia. The New Anned Forces Interview With the Commander of the Armed Forces (Enrico Magnani)

78 The Caribbean Region (()mella Rota)

Science, Tedmology and Train.ing 84 Completion Forces

(Francesco Diella arul Giuseppe .Bongiovanni)

History 93 Guido RomanellL An ltalian Officer in the HistoD' of Hungary (Piero La Porra) l 05 Roman Legionaries in China (Flavio Russo)

111

Sommaire - Inhalt - Resumen

lnstructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of inforrnation, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ampie freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is tllus solely responsible far the articles which, published unedited and without editoria! ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be originai in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his ree, he loses ali exclusive rights. Rivista Militare rnay then pass tlle article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together wi\11 a photograph of the Author, a brief «Curriculum vitaeoo and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order \o rnake tlle production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also tlle diskette with tlle text files of t he article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

h.._~~

:'<lumbcr Thrcc 2002

Scptcmbcr - Octoher

~~ ~

Novcmhcr - Decemher

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. lt is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Throug h the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at inf orming t he generai public on the Army and on military issues.

I Editoria} Christmas is an important moment of reflection for the military community. ready. as a/ways, lo safeguard the needs and security o f ali peoples. ''Rivista Militare" wishes everybody a prosperous and peacefui future.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 5 and 6 of Rivista M ilitare ltalian Editio n

Editor in Chief: Giuseppe Maria Giovanni TRICARICO Management and Editoria! Office 8, Via d i S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 0039-06-47357373 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039-06-6795027 Printer STILGRAFICA 36, Via Ignazio Pett inengo, 31 00100 Rome Phone 0039 0643588200 Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Phone 0039-06-5898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 662/ 96, art. 2, para 20/c Conditions for 2003: One number: Euro 2,1O One baci< number: Euro 4,20 Subscription rates: ltaly: Eu~n 11,40 a year Abroad : Euro 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SME Centro Pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A. Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order. Authorized by the Court o f Rom e under No. 944 of the Registry by decree 7-6-1949

2002 © Copyright by Rivista Militare ASSOC IATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA The production of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Ram pa

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Marketing, Communication, Quality of Life. Organizational eornerstones of a High-Quality Army (Roberto Speciale)

1O Who We Really Are. Thc incisive rolc of the military ehurch as centrc of community and fulcrum of the search for one's own coursc of human and spirituallifc (Giuseppe Mani)

16 The Future is Alrcady Here. Inteniew with Senator Domemco Contestabile, ehairman of the Senate Defence e ommittcc (Giovarmi Cerbo)

Science, Technology and Training 22 NATO enne Group South. The new Italian-led multinational Unit (i\llario Ruggiero aiUl Marco Buscemi)

Legislation 30 Military Penal Laws and International Relations (Vito Nicolò Diana)

History 36 Crazy Horse. The Last Strategist of the Indian People (Rocco Parzunzi wzd !'vlichele Tomassetti) 45 Thosc Magnificent Roman Lewons. A fascinating journev through tJme, to discovcr their origìns and-identity (Gerardo Restaino)

59 El Alamein. When the Desert Turned into Hell l 04 lnterview with the Ho n. Professor Gabriele De Rosa (Giuseppe Maria Gìovwzni Tricarico)

Sonunaire - lnhalt - Resumen lnstructions for Contributors: Anyone rnay contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contribu tors ampie freedorn, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editoria! ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be originai in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses ali exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass 1t1c article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «Curriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change t he title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a cornputerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors previde, besides the text on paper, atso the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number One 2003 January - February March - April

Rivista M ilitare aims at broadening and updating th e technical and vocational training of Officers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating the m ilitary way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

The Italian engagement in Afghanistan emphasizes the value and brave,y of the "Alpini". Also these mountain troops have female personnel in their ranks, and they are well-prepared and extremely motivated. As in the whole of society, the women of today are protagonists in the modem professional A.my.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supp lement to numb ers 1 a nd 2 of Rivi sta M ilitare Italian Ed ition

Editor in Chief: Giseppe Maria Giovanni TRICARICO Management and Ed itorial Office 8 , Via di S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 0039 0647357373 Advertisi ng Care of the Secretariat of Rivista Militare Phone 0039 066795027 Printer Stilgrafica 31 , Via lgnazio Pettinengo, 00100 Rome Photo processing St ud io Lodoli Phone 0039 065898780 Subscription and forwarding By mail Taxe per9ue - Tax collected Condit ions for 2003: One number: Euro 2,10 One back number: Euro 4,20 Subscription rates Italy: Euro 11,40 a year Abroad : Euro 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SM E Centro pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/ A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank c heque or international postal order Authorized by the Court of Ro me under No . 944 of the Regist ry by Decree 7-6-1949

I Reflections of the Anny Chief of Staff

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The NATO HQ at Solbiate Olona is Now a Spendid Reality (Roberto Speciale)

14 On Both Sides of the Dh-i ding Lines

(Fabio Mini) 32 The Malaise of Aflica (Maurizio Coccia)

44 The Wise Adaptability of the Atlantic Alliance (Gi11seppe Cucchi)

54 Wind of Change from Eastern Europe Exclusive Interview with Colonel General Nikolay Viktorovich Kormiltsev, Army Co mmander-in-Chief and Deputy Defence Minister of the Russian Federation (Enrico Magnani)

76 Towards a Common European Identity Interview with Brigadier Rupert C. Montanaro, Commander of the Armed Forces of Malta (Enrico 1\;fagnani)

86 The FINABEL Committee (Tasks, structure, organization) (Giaiigiacomo Calligaris)

Sociology 92 Women Enrich the Army (Isabella Lo Castro)

History 98 The Enigma of the Fox (Nicola Pignawj

108 The Legionary Medical Service (Gerardo R.estaino)

119 Sommaire - In.halt - Rcsumen

2003 ÂŠ Copyright by Rivista Militare

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE $TAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The produc tion of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is t hus solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by su itable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief ÂŤcurriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritt en summary. Rivista Mili tare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS . .

Number Two 2003

.~~~

May - June July - August

Rivista Militare aims at b roadening and updating t he t echn ical and vocational trainin g of Offi cers and NCOs. It is thus a means of propagating t he m ilitary way of th inking and a forum of study and debate. Throug h the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at inform ing t he general public on t he Army and on military issues.

rhousands of soldiers of the Italian

~,my, men and women, serve daily in he various humanitarian missions. Their )rofessionalism and inner strength help hem to overcome the hardships and :acrifices endured in order to bring ,eace and security to people who had ~stall hope for a civil coexistence.

=ouR-MONTHLY , upp lem ent to numb ers 3 and 4 ~f Rivista Militare Italian Editio n

:ditor in Chief: Siuseppe M aria Giovanni rRICARICO ~anagement and Editorial Office l, Via di S. Marco )0186 Rome ~hone 0039 0647357373 dvertising ~are o f the Secretariat if Rivista Militare Dhone 0039 0647358139 rinter ,tilgrafica - Rome >hotoprocessing ,tudio Lodoli Sud - Aprilia (LT) ,ubscription and forward ing 3ymail .aw 662/ 96, art . 2 , para 20/ c ; onditions for 2003: Dne number: Euro 2,10 Dne back number: Euro 4,20 lubscription rates !aly: Euro 11,40 a year \broad: Euro 15,50 a year >ayment must be made on postal tccount No. 22521 009 - SME ~entro pubblic istica dell'Esercito (23/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome ~esidents abroad may remit iayment through bank cheque or nternational postal order \uthorized by t he Court o f Rom e mder No. 944 of the Registry by )ecree 7-6 -1 949

2 Address to the Ann~'

(Li.Gen. Gianfiw1co Ottogalli)

3 Address to the Anny

(!,I.Gen. Giulio Fraticellij

Politics, Economics and Strategy 4 Two Sides of the Same Coin

(Viuorio Barbati)

16 The Medite1Tanean1 a Moulder of Chilizations (Louis Godar{j

24 The Central Role of the Land Instrument Between Securitv Requirements and New Operational Capabilities

(Salvatore Farinaj

Science, Technology and Training 36 The New f rontiers of the Medical Corps Within the National System

(ivlichele TJ011.Pilo)

44 The Pennanent Evolution of the Information Systems

(Sergio Fiorentino)

Sociology 52 Work Starts Again After Service

(Vito Di Ventura)

62 The Art of Deciding

(A11ionio /vlarchetti)

History 82 ~rom the, U~~lerground Lager to the Moon (. llessandm hrwli.) 92 Two Italians Among the Heroes of Balaklava

(/1/lichele Petmloj

Special Report 101 Armv Dav - A Luminous and Beautiful Feast (Giuseppe 1\!laria Giovwmi 7hcarico) 119 Sommario - Summarv - Somrnaire -

Inhalt - Rcsumcn

2003 © Copyright by Rivista Militare ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA ·he product ion of this magazine ias been supervised >y Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contri bute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves con tributors ample freedom, tho ugh it does not nec essarily share their opi nions. The Au thor is thus sole ly responsible for the articles which, pu blished unedited and without editorial ties, exc lusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in t hought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to ot her publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory t ables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the t itle of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order t o make the produc tion of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Any system and type of computer c an be used .

CONTENTS

t~:: _ ~~ /4',' . p

•

Number Three 2003 September - October

'[),

~ovember - December

Rivista Militare aims at broadeni ng and updating the techni cal and vocational training of the Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the p ublication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on m ilitary issues.

I Reflections of the Anny Chief of Staff (Lt.Gen. Giulio Fraiicelli)

Politics, Economics and Strategy FOUR-MONTHLY Supp lement to num bers 5 and 6 of Rivista M ilitare Italian Editio n

Editor in Chief: Giuseppe Maria Giovanni TRICARICO Management a nd Edit orial Office 8, Via d i S. Marco 00186 Rome Phone 0039 0647357373 Advertising Care of the Secretariat of Rivista M ilitare Phone 0039 0647358139 Printer Stilgrafica - Rome Photoprocessing Stud io Lodoli Sud - Aprilia (Ll) Subscription and f orwa rd ing By mail Law 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c Condit ions for 2004: One number: Euro 2,1O One back number: Euru 4,20 Subscription rates Italy: Euro 11 ,40 a year Abroad: Euru 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No. 22521009 - SME Centro Pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank c heque or international postal order Authorized by the Court of Rome under No . 944 of the Registry by Decree 7-6- 1949

2 Report on Iraq (Giuseppe Cucchi) 16 Strategy and Its Most Recent Developments ( Ferruccio Boll i) 28 A Very Advanced Recruitment (Angelo Lunardo) 40 Humanitarian La\v: An Asset for All Societies (Auuro Afarcheggiarw) 50 Red-hot Lakes (Serena Sartini)

Science, Technology and Training 62 Investments and Objectives of the Army (Salvatore Farina)

History SPECIAL REPORT ON THE 60T" ANNIVERSARY OF THE WAR OF LIBERATION 69 The Dawn of the Second "Risorgimento" (Luigi Poli and Giorgio Donati) 118 Sommario - Swnmary - Sommaire -

In.halt - Resumen - Sumario

2003 © Copyright by Rivista Militqre

ASSOCIATED TO USPI UNIONE STAMPA PERIODICA ITALIANA

The prod uction of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity or information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ampl e freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely

responsible for the articles which, published unedited and without ed itorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of t he articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the artic le. Any system and type of computer can be used.

2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

!\umber Two 2004 i\-fay - .lune

.July - August

Rivista Militare aim s at broadeni ng and updating the technical and vocatio nal training of the A rmy p erso nnel. It is thus a means of p ropagating the military way of t hinking and a f orum of st udy and debate. Through the pub lication of artic les of technical and scientific interest, Riv ista Militare also aims at informing t he general public on the Army and on m ilitary iss ues.

icaGOn, splrit ot sacrifice and high sense of duty etize our pets~1neJ. TTiC m61 ~nd wome11 of /ta=m Anny se,ve with honour. at home aro road. to bring peace and .'1berti; ,n a framewalk of security. A new yeatopgm to !he hl:s!o,y of tfle wo:KJ: and oor so.'diers, ;1ri fn !l:eir si,1e,.,; and di,1i{]C,flt dJ:rj worlr, continue to g;.,,e to many peoples the possi ~ of eni<1Jing /he precioos good of democracy

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 3 and 4 of Rivista M ilitare Italian Editio n

Editor in Chief: Giuseppe Maria G iovanni TRICARICO !"Jlanagement and Editorial Office

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 The liquid gold o f the third millennium (GiMw111i A1ari::.::.aj

12 The perennial e vo lutive s ymbiosis of v,ar and technology (Giancarlo Rove) 26 Beyond force and vio lence ( Enz.o Gaspari11i Casari) 38 The foundation o f today's geostrategic order (A 111cmio Ciabclltini T.eonardi)

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Sociology 68 Overcoming stress (!1 11tonio Aiarchetti)

Legislation 82 The italian penal system for the military missions abroad (Giuseppe S candu rra)

ne back numbei: Euro 4,20 ubscription rates aly: Euro 11 ,40 a year broad: Euro 15,50 a year ayment must be made on postal ccount No . 22521009 - SME entro Pubblicistica dell'Esercito 23/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome esidents abroad may remit ayment through bank cheque or nternational postal order uthorized by the C ourt of Rome nder No. 944 of the Registry by ecree 7-6-1 949

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History 96 The p rice of liberty (Luigi Poli)

102 The proud uprising of the neapolitan people (!ltrilio Barreca )

110 A journey inside an endless myth (A n ita Garih ald i)

122

Sommario - Summary - Sommaire Inhalt - Resumen - Sumario

Instruct ions for Co nt ribut ors: Anyone may contribute. To g uaran tee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves cont ributors amp le f reedom , t ho ugh it does not necessarily share t heir opinions. The Author is th us solely responsible for the articles whicl1, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his perso nal ideas. Artic les must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives r,is fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Riv ista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Artic les should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of t he Author, a brief «curriculum vitae» and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves t he right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Riv ista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging . In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides t he text on paper, also the diskette with the t ext f iles of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

Number One 2004 January - February

March - April

Rivista M ilitarc aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of the Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of think ing and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at inform ing the general public on the Army and on military iss ues.

Ded,~tion, sp,'lil of sacri/ice and high sense of duty characterize our personnel. Tne men arid wcmen of the ltallan Army serve vAth honour, at home and abroad, to bting peace and liberty in a fr.amewor'r. of secun·ty. A new year opens to U1e histo."/ of lhe w·crfo'. and our soldiers, with their sii'ent and diligent da.1!}' wor',.;, continue to give to msny peop..'es the possibility of enioying lhe precioos good of democrac)'.

FOUR-MONTHLY Sup plement to numbers 1 and 2 of Riv ista M ilitare Italian Edition

Editor in Chief: Giuseppe Maria Giovanni TRICARICO

Politics, Economics and Strategy 2 Security Evolves ,-dth the Changing Tlu·eat (Maurizio Coccia) 22 Towards a New ·world Order (Anwnio Ciaba11i11i Leonardi)

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32 The «NAT O Response Force» (Salvaro ,-e Tarino)

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56 Peoples and Roots of Central Asia (Giovanni Bucciol)

Management and Editorial Office

I Lecture bv the Chief of Staff of the Army at the IASD. The Italian Army and the Function of Stabilization and Reconstruct.ion (LI. Gen. Giu!io Fraticelli)

Printer Stilgrafica - Rome Photoprocessing Studio Lodoli Sud - Aprilia (LT) Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 662/96, art. 2, para 20/c Conditions for 2004: One number. Euro 2,10 One back number: Euro 4,20 Subscription rates Italy: Euro 11,40 a year Abroad: Euro 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No . 22521009 - SME Centro Pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit payment through bank cheque or international postal order Authorized by the Court of Rome under No. 944 of t he Registry by Decree 7 -6- 1949

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Science, Technology and Training 64 The Land Forces as Foundation of Stability and Reconstruction Operations (Giuseppe Maggij 74 Mine-clearing to Save Lives (Salvatore Gravante) 86 Carlisle. JV[oulder of Commanders (Pietro Serino)

Sociology 96 The E-vcrlasting Glamour of the Uniform (Giuliano Ferrari)

History 104 At Monte Lungo All Started Anew (Girolamo c;aronna) 112

Sommario - Summary - Somrnaire Inhalt - Resumen - Sumario

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To guarantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributo rs ample freedom , though it docs not necessarily share their opinions. The AuU1or is thus solely responsible for the artic les which, published uned ited and wit hout ed itorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in though\ and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once t11e Author receives l1is fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass tlie article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles sl1ould be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Aut hor, a brief "curriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to c hange the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more exped itious, it is desirable that t he Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also t he diskette with t he text files of the artic le. Any system and type of computer can be used.

•

CONTENTS

•

• .

:\lumber Three 2004 September-October November -December

Rivisia Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a m eans of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest. Rivista Militare also aims at informing the gen eral public on the Army and on military issues.

Also in 2004 the women and men of our Army have been working for the stabilization and reconstruction of crisis areas, to give hope to peoples victimized by violence. The sense of duty of our soldiers goes together with their capability of establishing real bonds of friendship. They take with them, iar from home, the Ch ristmas feeling which brings together many peoples, different from each other but with the same dignity.

Politics, Economics and Strntegy 2

Terrorism in Media Format. ( Cim1car/o Boi·e)

The Energy-Blackmail Syndrome. (Giuseppe Romeo)

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 5 and 6 of Rivista Militare Italian Edition

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Conditions for 2005: One number: Euro 2,10 One back number: Euro 4,20 Subscription rates: Italy: Euro 11,40 a year Abroad: Euro 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No.22521009 - SM E Centro Pubblicistica dell'Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rom e Residents abroad may remit pay-. ment th rough ban k cheque or international postal order. Authorized by the Court of Rom e under No. 944 of the Registry by Decree 7-6-1 949. 2004 © Copyright by Rivista Militare USPI

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the

Science, Technology and Training Von Clausewitz and t he Asymmetric 'vVar ( Ferruccio Ho1 ti)

The Rediscovery or Field Fortifications ( C/oudio Berto)

The War College bolves \'.ith the T imes (Giurnnni Di Federico)

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The Breakup a nd Bosnian i'vlosaic .

History The Continental Union Between \!lyth. Idea and Reality (Cam1i1ze Fiore)

112 The Dark Side of \ '1idway ( Paolo Fe11ie/fo) 122 Sommario-Summary-SommaircInhalt-Resumen-Sumario

Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribu te. To garantee the highest objectivity of information, Rivista M ilitare leaves contributors ample freedom. though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is thus solely responsible for the articles wh ich, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ideas. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief "curriculum vitae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista M ilitare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and v ideopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text files of the article. Anv svstem and tvoe of comouter can be used.

2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Number Two 2005 May - June July - August

Rivista M ilitare aims at broadening and updati ng the technical an d vocational tra ining of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of techn ical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Politics, Economics and Strategy Kabul, August 4, 2005: Lieuten,1111 Gener,1/ Mau,D

The Trea ty on ConYentional Arms. (Giorgio Scarchilli, Emanuele Massara)

New Iraqi Analyses and Prospects. (Andrea i'vlargelletti )

Industiial Policy (Bmno Tabacci)

Czbekistan Inflames Central Asia. (Osvaldo Baldacci)

The Reorganization of the Germ an Arm y. (Hans Otto Budde)

To Inform, Communicate and Promote. (Daniela Bracco)

D el Vecchio. Comma n der o f

ih e N RDC-I T, recei ves the Flag o n lhe occasion of Lh e

Transfer of A uthority

th e

1-leadquarters of the "/ntema-

l ional S ecuri1y A ssistance Force".

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplemem to numbers 3 and 4 of ruvisla .M ititare halian Edition

Editor in Chief: Giuseppe Maria Giovanni TRJCARICO

Science, Technology and Training

M a nagement and E d itorial

Office 8, Via di S. !\-larco - 00 I 86 Rome Phone 0039-06-47358139

The "Games Theory" a Useful Professional Aid. (Giovanni Semeraro)

Technological Demin ing. (Mario Tarantino)

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History

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The Wings of the Land Forces. (Filippo Capp ellano)

108 Op eration "Shingle". (Claudio M orino).

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Inhalt, Resumen, Sumario

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met through bank cheque or intemalional postal order Authmized by the Coun of Rome under No. 994 of the Rc<>is1r.· by Decree 7-6-1949. "' • 2005 Cop}1ight by

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The production of this magazi ne has been supcrvis~d bv On~ero

Rampa

•

Instr uction s for Contributors : A nyone may co ntrib ute. To gara ntee th e highest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share thei r opinions. Th e Author is th us solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and w ithout editorial ties, exclusively reflect his perso nal ideas. A rticles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Author receives his fee , he loses all excl u(!iVe rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suiiable photogra phs, illustratio_n s, explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a· brief "curriculum v itae" and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of articles and choose ttie typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista M ilitare is equipped w ith a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of Ihe articles more expeditious. it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on paper, also the diskette with the text fi les of the article. Any system and type of computer can be used.

CONTENTS

Number One 2005 .January-February \ l arch-April

Riv1sta Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational traInIng of Army personnel. It rs thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Tl1rough the publication of articles of tecl1nical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at info rming the general public on the Army and on military issues.

ue by Parliament of the recent 'he suspension of conscription 1e conclusion of an era and the n "Institution" which accompa, slow and difficult unitary jourour Country in its process or cultural, democratic, technical ntific growth.

Politic,, Economh:, and Strategy 2 The Cla~h That Ncv~r Was. (Antonio Cia/Jmtini /,emwrdi) 12 Red Arrica. (Ginrm111i Rurcio/ )

22 ;\frican Prospects. (Nicodeme N' Kmh11111a ;\-"Koy/

IA-MONTHLY ment to numbers 1 and 2 of Militare Italian Edition

,. in Chief: 1pe Maria Giovanni RICO ,· '11ent

and

Editorial

Marco - 001 86 Rome j, vU39-06-47357373

L~;.:.'; Secretariat of Rivista

'"19-06-47358139

_;, I

.,0n and forwarding

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'"'- ·

(a rnra di l:·nrico Magnani J

Sdencl', 'lh:hnolog~· and Training

58 The Female Component. a Precious Re~ource for the t\rmy. ({)0111enico Rossii) 70 The Roar· of the '"l.agunari". (Mario Carano)

Sodolog~

80 Coping Stratcgie~. ( Filip110 /)i Pirm)

l,,v:a-Aome

30 The 01tawa Convention. (Giorgio Srnrchil/ij -tO The Chilean Anny is Ready for the Challeng~s of the future. (Giuseppe Maria Giorcmni Tricarico) 48 In the Service of' the Country and for the Liberty of People,.

.. ..... .;.... ...,,,., ...... nm .........

88 Conscription l)epart,. (Giornnni Cer/Jo) 9~ The Clo~c Relation Bet\\·ecn \tilitary World and Ci\·ilian Society in Germany. (;Waurho S11/ig) Histor~

102 The War That Opened the Doms oi' Asia to the Rising Sun. (Massimo lacopi) 11 0 The Passion of Chri'-1. (Attilio Claudio Borr<'rn) 122 Sommario--Summai·.1-Sonunairt'-lnhalt--Resu111en-S11111a1io Instructions for Contributors: Anyone may contribute. To garantee the highest objectivity of information. Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom. though it does not necessarily share their opinions. The Author is th us solely responsible for the articles which, published unedited and wit11out editorial ties. exclusively reflect hrs personal ideas. Articles must be orrgrnal in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages Once the Author receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Mrl1tare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accompanied by suitable photographs, illustrations. explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a brief ··curriculum vrtae·· and a ten-line typewritten summary. Rivista Mifitare reserves the right to change the trtle of articles and choose the typeface deemed most suitable. Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the text on o:aOA ;,lsn.tb iuti<:kEUe with..tb.e e)o(U ile.s oJ the article. An s stem and l't'Q? of corn uter can be used.

f•-~ - :, : , -:;. ~ /

.,,~-

NumberThree2005 September - October November - December

Rivis ta Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the mi litcJrY way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publica\ion of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues_

2 The Italia n Army continues its opera t io ns a broad fo r peace a nd freedom . In Ira q, A[ghanis tn n Hnd the Balkans, o ur soldiers ,1rc a

sure reference and tin

t\ Univer!;a] Democracy .

(Gusepp e Romeo)

e.n11n -

p l e of p rof-'essiona lism an d

sel f-sacri /'ice.

FOUR -MONTHLY

A Joun1ey to B eirut. On the Routes of Itala ir. (1\Jdlo Rega) The War Against Terrorism. · (Gian..cai:l.0 Bo1·e) S011,alia in Ouest of a Balance.

(1Vicola Gallippi and Franco Carlini)

Supplemen 1 to numbt"rs 5 and 6 of

R iv isL.a Militan~ Italia n F.di1ion

E ditor in Chief: Giusepp e Maiia Giovanni

the Centre 0£ Africa on the Threshold r;1ID

11==

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ofHclJ. (,Vicodcmc N'.Kasbama N'Koy)

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Tl1e M my Dog Units. (Ugo Ga~La)

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..History 80

Great 1\llothcr Pntssia. (Da niele Cella111<1re)

The Dcstruct'ion of Jerusalem. (Allilio Claudio Bon-eta).

Subscription and forwarding By mail Law 66'll96, nn 2, para 20ic Conditions for 2005: One number: Euro 2.10 One back num be,c Euro 4.20 S u bsc1;pt ion rates: Italy: Em-u I 1,40 a w a r Abroad: F u ru l 5.50 a vear Payment n1u s l be 1nadi: o n poslal aC<COUnt "io.22521009 - SME Centro Pubblicistica dell'Es.ercito 123/A, Via X,'( S<euenibre - Rom.e Resident,; a b road ,nay 1x:r11i1 p<1:vn1ct lh.rough bank cheque or inten1a(ional postal o rder Au1 hotized hv th~ Cou r't nf Rome uncle,· 1 o . 994 of the Regisuy b,· Decree 7-6-1949. 2005 © Copy1igli1 by

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108 The Tunisian Voltmteer BaLtali6ns.

( FilippQ Cappellano)

122 Somm.ario, Summary,Sommaire, Inhalt-Resumen-Sumario

Ins tructions for Contributor s: Anyon e 1)1ay contribute. To garantee th e hi_ghest objectivity of information, Rivista Militare leaves contributors ample freedom, though it does not necessarily share their opinions The Author is thus solely respon sible for the articles which, published unedited and without editorial ties, exclusively reflect his personal ide<;1s. Articles must be original in thought and should not exceed ten typewritten pages. Once the Auth or receives his fee, he loses all exclusive rights. Rivista Militare may then pass the article on to other publications and EMPA (European Military Press Association) periodicals. Articles should be accom panied by suitable photographs, illustrations. explanatory tables, together with a photograph of the Author, a b rief "curriculum vitae" and a ten-l ine typewritten summary. Rivista Militare reserves the right to change the title of artides and choose the typeface deemed most suitable Rivista Militare is equipped with a computerized system for phototypesetting and videopaging. In order to make the production of the articles more expeditious, it is desirable that the Authors provide, besides the ~ext on paper. also the diskette w ith the text files of the article. Any system and type of compufef can be used .

2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS

'_II ~

1/2006

~LJU

~ u;Jffi IOUMAl Of TBI ITAUAN ARMY FOUNDED IN 1856

CONTENTS

January-February March-April

Rivista Militare a im s at broadening and u pd ati ng t he te chnical a nd v ocational tra ining of Army personneL It is thus a means of propagating the military way of think ing and a forum of study and debate_ Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare a lso aims at informing the general public on the A rmy and on military issues_

The American Antimissile System

A regional power which is finding it hard to take off Andrea Margelletti

A. p a tro l of th e 66-, "Trieste " o irmobile

n fo ntry Reg im e nt on training. :::ompetence, pro fessiona lism, dedication, o yolty and e sprit de corps o re the esse ntici ::iuolilies which oJow ed our Nmy to earn the trust and c onsent of the o 'lies a nd . even more i'nporta nt. o f the lto ion people .

p. 2

Three good reasons for avoiding a military intervention Edward N. Luttwak p. 14

The strategic and tecnological evolut ion Antonio Ciabattini Leonardi

p . 82

The Land Robots Where to use them and wit h what object iv es . Paolo Valpolini

p.96

FOUR-MO~THLY Supplemen t Lo n umbers I an d 2 o f R h ·ist.a

Mi1ita1·e Italian Edition

Editor in Chid: Marco CENTRITIO

Europe and the Mediterranean

Management a nd E ditorial Office S. Via d i S . J\farco - 00 I 86 Rome Phone 0039-06-47357373

Ten years after tile Barcelona Declaration

Advertising

Marco Ricceri

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p. 26

NATO in the 21 st Century Pietro Serino, Stefano del Col p,38 Ethiopia and Eritrea

\V\\'\v.irnagomedia.it

On the brink of the abyss

C onditions for 2006: One num ber: Euro 2,10 One ba <.:k number: Euro 4 .20

Serena Sartini

p.50

The Century of Black Gold Massimo Iacopi p, 56

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"Rivista Militare" is 150 Years Old The Army's message through the covers of the old magazine p. 104 Sabrina Carreras

Residen ts a b ro a d may ren1i t pa ,y n1ct th rough bank d1eq uc or imematioria l postal o rder

The Foreign Legion

Au 1horized by Ilic Coun of Rom e under Ko . 994 of the Regisl~ by Decree 7-6-1949.

Daniele Cellamare

C I

I USPI L_

2006 Ri, ~sta Milirare

The ARMIR's Epic Deeds

Honour. bravery and warlike spirit p. 118 The Italians on the Eastern Front p, 128 Giovanni Sargeri, Filippo Cappellano

- --

ASSOCL\TE D TO USPI UNION£ STAM PA PERIODICA ITALIANA

Tlx.· produc Lion of this m agazine has been supervised by O rm.-ro Rmnr,a..

lnfanhy is Still Queen of Battles Francesco Botti

p. 66

The "Friuli" Brigade in Jordan Exercise "Eastern Desert 2005" Antonio Bettelli p. 74

Summary in Various Languages p . 138

JOUIIAl OF THE ITAllAN ARMY FOONDm IN 1856

2/2006

CONTENTS

May-June July-August

Rivi sta Militare aims at broa den ing and updating t he technical and v ocationa l trai ning o f A rmy personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military w ay of thinking and a foru m of study and debate. Through the publication of articles.of technical and sc ientific interest, Rivista Militare also a ims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Urgent Quest

A new world order Carlo Jean

p. 2

Al-Qaeda

Pierluigi Sticchi, Enrico De Palo

A long trail of blood Andrea Margelletti

An impo rtant exercise in t he United Kingdom

A Ranger o n exercise, \Neering the nev-.r overa ll suil. Ra ngers c rs o n elile Corps of lhe Italia n Army. highly o pprscialed in all operolionol Thea tre s.

p.84

The Australian "Tiger" The situa tion of the p rocurement programme

p . 96

Paolo Valpolini

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 3 and

o f Riv ista

The Media in the Theatres of Operations

.rvt ilirarc ItaBan Edition

Editor in Chief: Marco CENTRITIO Management and Ed itorial Office

NATO: evolution and prospects

A stra tegic resource

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Giuseppe Cucchi

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Peacekeeping often in,poses time 1y interventions and the use of force

tel. 0039-0823-866 7 to W\\1\-V. irnago111cd ia. tt

Patrick C. Cammaert, Ben Klappe

Pr inter

Giorgio Battisti, Gianfranco Oggiano

p . 102

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Ethics and Motivation

S ubsct·iptiou n Ites:

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be nrnde 0 11 posfal account No .22521009 • SMF Centro Pubblicistica d,,Jl'F.sercito 1231/\, Via XX s ,, ttembrc - Ro me Res idc nts abroad rnav n.•111it p ay1n f> t through bank. c heque o,· · imem at ional post~I orrler

Payn1cnt n1ust

Authorized b v th<· Cou rt of Romt' u nder No. 994 of the Reg istry hv Oecree 7-6-1949.

Rebuilding Afghanistan

Massimo Scotti

Our Army's commit ment Maria Gabriella Pasqualini

p . 38

Urban Warfare in «Crisis Response Operations» Gian Carlo Chiarini

p.48

Two unknown 'leroes Sara Greggi

The Terrorists' New Weapons ~

og~pyright by Riv ista M_il_ita_re _ _ _ __

/\SSOCIJ\TEDTO USPI \JSPI UNIONE STAi\--\P/\ PE RIO DIC A ITAI.IAts:A

The µrocludiOn o f this nmg.;._zine has. been supen:~l Uy O tnct'O Ra m pa.

Ulderico Petresca

p. 114

Maurizio and Ferrante Gonzaga p . 122 Letters to the Editor

p.58

Plans and Resources

Elliot j. Rosner

The Army 's point of view Giuseppe Maggi

p. 68

Effects-Based Operations Easy victories between dream and rea lity Maurizio Riccò, Giovanni Manca

p . 134

• il

p. 76

Summary

Vuio,s L"'"'"

136

LiLLI~

~n LJ~ ~

IJIJ~

- - - - - - - - - - - - ~ 312006 --

JODIAL OF TIE ITIUAN ARMY JGIIIDm IN 1856

CONT ENT S

September-October November-December

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and_ updating the technical and vocational tra ining of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the mil(tary way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista M ilitare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

The New Logistics, a Phenomenon of Interdisciplinary Polarizat;on Emilio Marzo p.2

Italian servicemen on duly with KFOR in a nti-riot uniform. Maintena1ce of law and order is one ol 1he most impo,tont !asks our soldiers ore called to perform in

The "PzH 2000" Self-propelled Gun

How the United States will Confront Iran Edward N. Luttwak

Operation "lndus"

Antonello Carpino, Serena Sartini

Perluigi Genta

p. 92

p.4

ihf; Bc 'kcns.

F O UR-ivTONTHLY Supp!'--"mc:nl

numbers 5 ~nd 6 o( Rivisla

M ilirarc llal ian Edition

Editor in Chief: Marco CENTRfITO Management and Editorial Office 8 , Vi,, di S. Marco - 00 I 86 Rome Phone 0039-0o-47357373

Exercise WATC 2005 Giovanni Parmiggiani

Phone 0039-06-47358 I39

From Europartnership to Proximity Policy

Printer

Giuseppe Romeo

Advertising Ca,·c of I lit: Se,relarial or Ri,·ista M iii tare

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The Army of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Conditions for 2007:

Daniele Cellamare

011e n urnbe1·: E uro 2, I 0 One hack 11111nbc1: Euro 4.20 Su bsc1iption rates: lt a h·: Euro I I ,40 a ,·ear Ab1:ot1d: Euru 15,50 a \'t'.ar Pn_vrncnt rru 1~l be- rnudc on postal

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p. 102

p . 10

p. 18

Values and Technology Roberto De Masi, p. 11 2 Paolo Caviggiola

Security and Energy Development

Antonio Ciabattini Leonardi

p . 34

Laura Romanazzi

Aulho ,ized b,· the Coun o r Rome u nds>1· No. 99-4 o f the Regisu.- b,· Decree 7 -6- 1949.

General Giuseppe Govone Michele Petrolo

p . 128

2006 [ -

T I K' pnx lw.:tion uf l his magazine ha, hc,._...n !>t t P'-~fvi~

NATO and the Mediterranean Alfredo Mesolella p . 60

hy Omt·1'() R:unpa.

NATO in Tirana Vito Di Ventura

p . 72

Summary in Various Languages

p . 140

2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS

azzzw~--------------Ouh]]~ CO NT ENT S ~~~-~~! July-AU g Ust

JIIIW IF lll lJIUIII UIIY ftOIEI IN 1856

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest. Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

The Management of Logistics by Antonio Monaco

Fortifications in Counterguerrilla Warfare b y Giorgio Battisti p . 85

Armed Conf icts

llolicn servicemen on du1~· wi lh Kl'OR ,n onti-riol uniform. Mainleno'lce ol lcw ond order is or e of the r'lCSI importo,I tasks our soldiers ere c alled lo perlorm ·-, the Solkons.

The Future of Strategic Transport

FOUR-MOt\THL Y Supplc.•nwnt l o numb1..·r, 1 :,mJ 4 o l Miliwn.• 11:,lian Ec.l111nn

by Francesco Capilla and Franco Fratini

R h i'-1;_1

Editor in Chief:

Marco CENTRITIO

p . 77

l:nergy Kesources and errorism

p . 100

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Sub-Saharan Africa

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3-l

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he Indian "Miracle

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The 4th Italian Army in France

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in1c11, ational po~lal ,.r,ll·1·

c; t

Orio

O. 1 '

86 7: Cholera in Italy he Intervention of the Army

Centro Puhblicistica ddl'E~ercito

123;..\. Via XX: &:11,;mll!'e - Rome R esid<.' lll .S a broad m a,· n.--,n i L pay mt.·I thro u~h b.:u1k cht.-qlh..' nr ·

S ... a

Jomini the Anti-Clausewitz by Ferruccio Botti

p . 58

A111horizcd h,· the Coun uf Ro me under No. 99~ n( 1i11..· Rt:l!.i~ln bY IA·crw 7-6- 1949. · · ·

With Iron and Fire

2007

~----

Thc 1)1111.lrn..·1it11l 1i4 1111, m .11,:a ·1111t· h.. 1, h..·...· 11 , u 1"1\·1,1"4.'\I b~ On'h.."'1:Y> l{;unp..t

The Evolution of the Army by Giuseppe Maggi p . 67

Summary in Various Languages p l ~J

LiZ00 ~- - - - - - - - - - Januar}L~~~~

CONT ENT S

0lliJY]~

JOUMAl OF THE ITAUAN ARMY FOUNDED IN 1858

March-April

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is th us a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of tech nical and scienti fic interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

The Concept of War in Islam by Pietro Tornabene p. 2

The Digitisation of the Manceuvre Space: The French Model by A ntonio Peco and Marco Biagini

p, 71

llolion servicemen on duty with KFOR in onti-riot uniform. Moinlenonce of law a nd order is one of the mos t important tasks our soldiers are called to perform in the Balkans.

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplemen t to nu m bers l a nd 2 nf Rivi;:;i a 1\'liliran:: llalia n Ed i1ion

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China: Challenges and Uncertainties

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b Giovanni Buccioi

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Future Combat Systems by Paolo Valpolini

p. 12

Journey Inside the Somalian Hell by Daniele Cellomore p . 22

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R ivista M iiitare

The pnxllLl' tion of this magazine has been .l,ltp~rviscd by Ome ro Rmnpa.

p . 99

From Lances to Pointers By Flavia Russo

p. 112

IRAN SPECIAL REPORT In the Shadow of the Ayatollahs

Autho rized bv the Court of Rome uncle,· No. 994 of the Registry by Decree 7-6-1949.

' - - - --

p. 93

The "Nice People" Soldiers of the Screen by Sobrino Carreras

internat.ionnl postal order

p. 83

Assessment Centers: The Right Man in the Right Place by Ricc ardo Stanco and Daniele Raggi

p.47

Women Soldiers in Peacekeeping by Marina Catena

p.58

by Daniele Cellamare and Antonio Ciobattini Leonardi p . 121

Summary in Various Languages p . 140

LiZZ20 ~- - - - - - - - - - - - - 0illJD~

CQ NT ENT S

JIUIW If THE Rllllll ARMY FGIIIDED IN 1858

Septembe~~~~~?r November-December

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of tech nical and scientific interest. Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Technology in the Didactics of Languages by Augusto Staccioli p. 70

The Regimental Tactical Communications Network by Marco Capp ellini

A 6x6 ··Puma" armoured car on pairol in soulhern Lebanon. The professional experience galhered by our soldiers enables lhem lo operate in lhe besl possible way also in porlicularly hostile environments and situations.

p . 78

FOUR-MO T HL Y Suppkmcnl 1.0 numbt.TS 5 an<l 6 o r Ri\·ista fo.•1ilitarc Italian Edition

Eclitor in Chief: Marco CENTRITTO

Geostru 1;'~11... Prospects for the 21 st C tury 1l

Management and Editorial Office 8 , Via di S. Ma ,·co - 00 186 Rome Phone 0039-06--17.,57.3 7.,

Egypt: Fu Deciphe ed

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Incendiary Devices by Ulderico Pe tresc o and Rossel/a Prisco

p. 92

Life and Secu ity of the Mediterranean

. 40

\1/\Vw.irnagomedia.il

Caporetto: A Controversial Story by f rienir rii Riem'"'

Conditions for 2008: One number: Euro 2, I 0

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Boundaries

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Fallujah

12311\. Vi" XX &ucrnbr,· - Ro me Rc:-. idc n1s ,il brond rn nv rcn1 i 1 p;,1~·111\.'.l

by Fed erico Bernocco

p . 48

1 Gr

The Order of the Holy Sepulchre b)r G iio So rnone

through bank cheque or ·

p 108

p . 118

in ternat io nal postal order

A111horizi.:d hv 1hc Crnll'I of Rrnni::

Women In Uniform

unde1- No. 99'4 of the Rcg isuy by

Decree 7-6-1 949.

[

by Marer Sa pietr.,..

Tht pn.x.lrn:liuu uf 11u~ 111;1g~1~im · h;is lx'l·11 sup.:,,isc.:d

by OnK",n R::1rnp.-'l.

p. 126

The Bundeswehr is Preparing for Future Challenges by Ho ns-Otto Budde p . 62

Summary in Various Languages i.

2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS

JOUMAL OF THE ITALIAN ARMY FOUNDED IN 1856

C O N T E N T S

1/2008 January-February March-April

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Force Protection by Giorgio Battisti

The Black Sea by Giovanni Ercolani and Carlo Frappi

p. 2

An AAV 7 RAM RS of the "Serenissima" Lagunari Regiment landing on the Lebanese coast. The out-of-area missions have given clear indications on the qualitative level of our Army, capable of conducting secure and effective operations in a complex environment of multinational integration.

Editor in Chief: Marco CIAMPINI Management and Editorial Office 8, Via di S. Marco - 00186 Rome Phone 0039-06-47357373

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Outsourcing of Military Transport

Pristina's Dream

by Cosimo De Lorenzo and Franco Fratini

by Daniele Cellamare

p. 82

p. 104

p. 28

A Europe to be Refounded by Antonio Ciabattini Leonardi

Europe Looks to the East

Conditions for 2008:

by Giuseppe Romeo

Authorized by the Court of Rome under No. 994 of the Registry by Decree 7-6-1949.

by Sara Greggi

Darfur: The Endless Massacre by Daniele Cellamare p. 12

IMAGO MEDIA 81010 Dragoni (CE) Phone 0039-0823-866710 www.imagomedia.it One number: Euro 2,10 One back number: Euro 4,20 Subscription rates: Italy: Euro 11,40 a year Abroad: Euro 15,50 a year Payment must be made on postal account No.22521009 - SME Centro Pubblicistica dellâ€™Esercito 123/A, Via XX Settembre - Rome Residents abroad may remit paymet through bank cheque or international postal order

An Observatory for National Security

AFGHANISTAN Operation Unified Venture by Gianpaolo Romoli p. 92

FOUR-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers 1 and 2 of Rivista Militare Italian Edition

p. 72

p. 46

p. 54

Today's Military Guerrilla Warfare, Terrorism and Asymmetric War by Ferruccio Botti p. 62

by Luigi Caligaris

p. 124

The Evolution of the Italian Infantry in the Great War by Filippo Cappellano p. 134

2008 ÂŠ Copyright by Rivista Militare The production of this magazine has been supervised by Omero Rampa.

p. 139

FASCICOLO N. 2 - 2008 NON DISPONIBILE

FASCICOLO N. 3 - 2008 NON DISPONIBILE

2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FASCICOLO N. 1 - 2009 NON DISPONIBILE

FASCICOLO N. 2 - 2009 NON DISPONIBILE

FASCICOLO N. 3 - 2003 NON DISPONIBILE

2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS

URNAl OF 1111 IJAUAN ARMY FOUNDED IN 1B56

2/2010

CONTENTS

July - December

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest, Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues.

Interview With the Chief of the Staff of the Army Lieut. Gen. Giuseppe Valotta

p. 2

The Army and the Future: Digitized Medium Brigades and «Freccia» VBM by Pietro Botacchi

Planet Afghanistan by Daniele Ce/lamare

p.20

p. 70

Cluster Bombs and Humanitarian Demining b y Francesco Vetere

ag Grou p of the 7t h Be r sag lieri Regient at the parade of Ju ne 2, 20 10 . ,e " Plu med So ldiers" - since t heir rth o n Ju ne 18, l 836 ti l l today - have ritte n the most magnifice nt pages of ir Cou ntry ' s historr,1e "Crimson Badges', who cherish their icient trad itions, continue w ith their 1mistakable "double march" to reprent Italy stridin,J t he roads of the world.

Analysis of the Productivity In Humanitarian Demining by Leo nardo Lizzio

pplement to numbers 4, 5 and (i of Riv ista ilitarc Italian Edit ion

b y Giuseppe Poccio

ditor in Chief: farco ClAMPINl

Interview With the Commander of the Serbian Army by Marco Ciampini

1lvertising

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Interview With Marc Bonnet Programme Manager of UNMACC UNIFIL, Naqura - Lebanon by Marco Ciampini

p. 95

p. 32

·is Democracy Exportable? p. 40

by Giovanni Cerbo

The Anthropologists' Contribution to Peace Support Operations by Chiara Galli

p . 48

onditions for 2011 nly Italian Edition: 1c number : Euro

p. 85

From to Humanitarian Ordnance Clearing to Operational Demining

IX-MONTHLY

anagcmcnt and Editorial Ofl1ce via di San Marco - 00186 Rome tone 0039-06-47357373

p. 80

Legio VII Gemina and the Hydraulic Mines by Flavia Russo

p. 100

Principles of Military Art: Cannae, 216 B.C., the Outflanking Manoeuvre

2, I0

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The «Tactical» Legal Advisor in Land Military Operations Abroad

,crcc 7-6-1949.

by Enrico Dubolino

2 01 1

p. 56

The Italian Army in National Emergencies. A Resource for the Country by Giuseppe Fernand o Musi/lo

COLUMN

p. 62

I n-dcpth Studies

p. 130

IOIIIUW. Of ffl ITAUAN IIIIY FOUNDED IN 1856

1/2010

CONTENTS

January - June

Rivista Militare aims at broadening and updating the technical and vocational training of Army personnel. It is thus a means of propagating the military way of thinking and a forum of study and debate. Through the publication of articles of technical and scientific interest , Rivista Militare also aims at informing the general public on the Army and on military issues. -

The Italian Civil-Military Cooperation in Afghanistan by Manuel So/astri

What Future for UN, OSCE, NATO and UE? by Giorgio Spagnol

p. 74

p. 2

Force Protection and the Response to IEDs by Matteo Bresson

A team of rangers of t he 4'' parat roop Alpini Regiment in operation duri ng an exercise.

p. 84

S.IX-MONTHLY Supplement to numbers I, 2 and 3 of Rivista ,vlilitare Italian Edition

Editor in Chief: Marco CIAMPINI

The Europe of Defence. Problems and Prospects by Corio Jeon

p. 10

Managemen t and Editorial Office

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Land Warfare: What is the Future? by Sir David Richards

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by Marco Poddi

Conditions for 2010:

by Giovanni Armentani, Pietro Piccirilli and Matteo Pergetti

Autorized by the Court of Rome under No. 994 of the Registry by Decree 7-6- 1949.

by Pietro Botocchi

p. 20

Regional Command West: Account of an Experience

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The New Trends in the Field of the Western MBTs The Strategic Projection of the CH-47 of AVES by Andrea Lopreioto p. 30

p. 102

The UAV Planet: Market, Actors and Machines

Kosovo: A Constant Commitment to Peace

p. 92

by Francesco Pa/mas

p. 110

('~.c.r-"i':.1~Ui:l•I;[•J.-.. p.40

Amedeo Guillet: A Model for Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow by Mario Mongelli

p, 122

The Kingdom of Naples on the Way to the «Risorgimenton by Vincenzo Cuomo

Julius Caesar , the Man, his Feats, the Myth

The «Acquin Division: An Operational Command for Europe by Stefano Chi/le

by GRELAUR p. 54

The Italian Officers in Kashmir by Marco Mo relli

p. 128

p .66

p. 134 S ummar y in Various Languages

e·,40