ISSN 2348-313X (Print) International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Vol. 10, Issue 4, pp: (15-21), Month: October - December 2022, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
THE HISTOLOGICAL EFFECT OF IBUPROFEN DOSAGE ON THE LIVER OF WISTAR RATS Uwuigbe Mathew1, Ohiwerei Wisdom Omogbai2, Ehiremen Samuel Ehimare3 1
Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma
2
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Science Edo State University, Uzairue, Edo State. 3
Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye Ogun State. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7258053
Published Date: 27-October-2022
Abstract: The present research aimed to study the histological effect of Ibuprofenol on the liver as well as its effect on body weight. Twenty-four (24) rats of average weight of about 150g-240g were used in this study. They were separated into four groups labeled A, B, C and D. group A served as the control consisting of four rats while group B, C, D and E served as the control. The test groups where further divided into B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2. The control group A was fed grower’s mash and water while the test groups B, C and D were orally administered various doses of 0.18ml, 0.32ml and 0.4ml/kg body weight for three weeks (acute) and six weeks (chronic) respectively. The rats were sacrificed and liver harvested for histological investigation. The results of this study showed that weight of the animal decreases in a dose-dependent fashion when compared with the control group which on the other hand showed significant increase in weight. The histochemistry analysis revealed that the liver of test animal in both acute and chronic phase showed damages ranging from reduced hepatocyte population, nuclear vacuolation, parenchyma vacuolation, pyknotic nuclei and tissue crevices. Considering the observed effects of Ibuprofen on the histology of the liver, it is recommended that its administration should be strongly regulated as it may cause cellular injuries to the liver. Furthermore, there is need for further research in this domain. Keywords: Ibuprofen Dosage, animal decreases, hepatocyte population, nuclear vacuolation, parenchyma vacuolation.
1. BACKGROUND OF STUDY Ibuprofen, a propionic acid derivative, is an example of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are among the most frequently prescribed medications worldwide (Green, 2001;Burke et al., 2006). Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used NSAIDs for the relief of fever, pains and inflammatory conditions. The drug is reported to be better and preferred for joint and muscle pain than most other analgesics and has been used by patients with arthritis for years (Bradbury, 2004). The mechanism of action of ibuprofen, like other NSAIDs, has been established to be via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme activity (Reynolds, 1982). Inhibition of COX enzyme by NSAIDs results in prevention of the synthesis of prostaglandins which mediate vital physiological functions, including gastric cytoprotection, maintenance of renal blood flow, and platelet activation (Capone et al., 2007). Currently, available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, fenbufen and naproxen exhibit gastric toxicity. Longterm use of these drugs has been associated with gastro-intestinal ulceration, bleeding and nephrotoxicity (Kimmey, 1992;Traversa et al., 1995; Higuchi et al., 2009). In addition, NSAIDs have been shown in previous studies to alter renal function (Bennett et al., 1996;Aprioku and Uche, 2013).
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