International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp: (185-196), Month: October 2018 - March 2019, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
THE EFFECT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) PANEL TILT ANGLE FOR BEST ENERGY GENERATION IN HOT CLIMATE Musa Mohammed1, Halil Zafer Alibaba2 1,2 Department of Architecture, Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Architecture, Gazimagusa. Cyprus.
Abstract: In this paper, Photovoltaic (PV) panel usages would be analyzed at its best performance in hot climate with different tilt angles. In the case of my research case studies will be selected from hot climates, different tilt angle will be researched on and calculated in order to find the best design principles for PV panel designs. According to the findings, before designing the PV panel to the roof or facade or to the site, it is the most important to know the latitude of the place. The reason is to find the correct optimum tilt angle. According to the investigations, tilt angle that is known as inclined angle of the photovoltaic (PV) panel, is changeable due to the location of place, climatic conditions and the solar radiation. In Cyprus for instant, tilt angle is 20° in summer and 50° in winter. On the other hand, if the panels designed fixed in North Cyprus, optimum tilt angle is taken between 28° and 30°. Secondly, optimum tilt angle of England is 65° in winter and 35° in summer periods. By the way, due to variable tilt angles during a year, sun trackers should be given as a suggestion. On the other hand, orientation of the PV panel is the second important aspect to consider. This is because; PV panels should be oriented to south direction in Northern Hemisphere and to the north direction if the location is in Southern Hemisphere. Solar radiation should be considered to know the countries solar radiation amount to select the correct PV panel type and size. At the same time, electricity usage of the building should be calculated in order to find panel numbers to install. Keywords: PV Panels, Climates, Tilt Angle, Orientation.
1. INTRODUCTION Photovoltaic (PV) panel usage in the world is evolving day by day. Therefore, photovoltaic (PV) installations were started to be use especially in recent years in Northern Cyprus like other developed countries such as England, Germany and America. However, during the installation of the photovoltaic (PV) panels, companies do significant errors. These errors are wrong PV cell selection, not appropriate tilt angle, wrong installation spaces and orientation of the PV panels. The aim of this paper is to find the optimum tilt angle of solar PV panel at which the yearly interest would be met most extreme. Solar PV is one of the most widely used renewable energy resources. The yield of the panel is most elevated when the occurrence beam is opposite to the panel plane. Because of variations in the locus of the sun throughout the year, the arrangement of the panels ought to be change due to the sun position for greatest and maximum generation; distinctive tilt angle will give diverse generation throughout the year. The generation at optimum tilt angle will not maximize the generation of energy over the year rather it will augment the interest met by moving the vitality to deficiency season from surplus season. Another idea to amplify the vitality of solar PV is by changing the tilt angle and thus limit the deficiency to take care of the demand of a detached power framework this system is introduce in the paper. By using photovoltaic panels in different climates, it is important to choose the right direction, organize them, choose the most efficient type of cell and calculate the correct angle of inclination according to the latitude of the place. According to former researchers, the plates should be oriented to the south in the northern hemisphere. This research suggests that future researchers can study in depth the advantages and disadvantages of southward stabilization. Secondly, the panels are heated because there is no gap between the roof surface and the panels. For this reason, it is necessary to look for the exact distance between the roof surface and the panels. Hybrid solar panels (HIT solar cells) would be the most efficient cell types. The efficiency and cost of the panels should be examined. Finally, the differences in efficiency between the installation of the roof and the installation of the facade can be studied.
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