International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 10, Issue 2, pp: (14-18), Month: October 2022 - March 2023, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH SEVERITY OF DENGUE INFECTION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 1
Vennia Riskia Tristianti, 1Rosalia Theodosia Daten Beyeng 1
Department of Pediatrics at Lewoleba General Hospital DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7183236
Published Date: 10-October-2022
Abstract: Introduction: Dengue virus infection is a health problem, especially in tropical and subtropical countries, including Indonesia. The nutritional status of pediatric patients can affect the severity of this disease. This study aims to assess the correlation between nutritional status and the severity of dengue infection in pediatric patients. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. Inclusion criteria in this study were data on pediatric patients aged <18 years and treated at Lewoleba Hospital from January 2019-December 2021. Incomplete medical record data were excluded from this study. First, the diagnosis of dengue infection was established based on WHO criteria. Then, patients were grouped into DF and DHF grades I-IV. Next, nutritional status is calculated based on the WHO growth chart (weight/age), which is further grouped into underweight, normal, and overweight/obese. Finally, the analysis was carried out with the Chi-square test and Spearman Correlation Test. Results: A total of 81 patients were included in this study. The majority of patients were male (60.5%), in the age range of 5-10 years (46.9%), and had normal nutritional status (63%). There was a tendency for underweight patients to experience a more severe degree of DHF (DHF grade III-IV), which was 67.7% (p<0.0001). The nutritional status of the patients was also found to have a positive correlation with a moderate strength of correlation with the severity of dengue infection (r=0.556; p<0.0001). Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between nutritional status and dengue infection severity. Underweight patients tended to experience a more severe degree of dengue infection. Keywords: dengue infection, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, nutritional status, pediatric population.
I. INTRODUCTION Dengue infection is a viral disease transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Dengue virus has 4 viral serotypes, namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4, with high morbidity and mortality in many areas of the world. Dengue virus can cause various clinical manifestations from asymptomatic symptoms to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) with plasma leakage that can cause hypovolemic shock, namely dengue shock syndrome (DSS).[1],[2] Dengue virus infection is a common health problem, especially in 100 tropical and subtropical countries in Southeast Asia, the Western Pacific, Central America, and South America. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that every year there are 50 to 100 million cases of dengue infection in the world. From that, 500,000 cases of DSS occurred, and 22,000 cases caused death.[3],[4] Descriptive studies in Indonesia from 2010-2019 found that DHF cases still fluctuate yearly, with the lowest cases occurring in 2018 with 65,602 cases. The peak incidence occurred in 2016, with 78.85 cases per 100,000 population.[5]
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