International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp: (50-58), Month: October 2021 - March 2022, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Comparative Covid-19 Vaccine roll out study Pariyakorn Chuensuwonkul Chiang Mai University Demonstration School
Abstract: Background: Covid-19 has been around for a year and does not seem to stop. Different types of vaccines have been rolled out in many countries and showed different outcomes. Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare outcomes of different vaccines from infected, death, and vaccination rates of each country. Materials and Methods: This study had an analysis for The US, Brazil, The UK, France, Thailand, Israel, Chile and Indonesia using the Our World Data research and statistics website. Data of the number of COVID-19 infected cases, death and COVID-19 vaccinations on dates including 31th December 2020, 31st January, 28th February, 31st March, 31st March, 30th April, 31st May, 30th June, 31st July 2021 were collected. Percent change of COVID-19 infected cases and death were calculated. Data were presented in tables comparing each period. Results: Comparison shows that vaccines can slow down viral infections at a certain point but not completely because there are new variants mutating. Conclusion: Vaccines should be constantly upgraded. Moreover, vaccine policy should support different groups of people, risk diversification and mass customization. Despite vaccination, fully self protection should still remain. There still should be intervention in health behaviors to create herd immunity. Keywords: Covid-19 vaccines, Coronavirus, Covid-19 variants.
1. INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has been spreading since December 2019 when it was discovered in China and seems to never end. In order to prevent further transmission, countries have been locked down and state quarantined. It is crucial to attempt to break the chain of infection. According to the CDC, infection prevention includes staying 6 feet apart, avoiding crowded places, wearing a mask, washing hands, covering when coughing or sneezing, disinfecting materials, and self diagnoses like taking temperatures. (1) Although, there have been the withdrawal of protocols and lowering restrictions in some areas when cases are significantly low which results in the arrival of new variants. One of the most important factors in ending this pandemic is to find a vaccine. Scientists from many countries have developed many types of vaccines. Vaccines could protect only an individual but also everyone from a spreading disease like COVID-19 because it strengthens the immunity of the community. (2) In order to create herd immunity, 70% of the world population should be vaccinated. Although, there are still groups that are not willing and hesitating to be vaccinated. Because this virus is still very new and new vaccine technologies like the mRNA vaccine have just been discovered, there is still continuing testing and research. Moreover, vaccines are still not distributed throughout many undeveloped countries. Each vaccine has a different origin and efficiency. Different types of vaccines have been distributed at different times. In addition, new variants are occurring and spreading all over the world. In the current situation, developed countries that had a serious amount of cases before like the United States and the United Kingdom have lower rates because of the vaccination. While other countries like Mexico, Pakistan, Malaysia, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, and Thailand, still have a lot of active cases and fluctuation in rates even with vaccination in certain populations. (3) These countries received different types of vaccines and might be the reasons for the declined cases, ongoing number of cases and fluctuation in different countries. Currently, new outbreaks have been occurring everyday, despite a high percentage of the population being vaccinated. It is a controversial topic whether a certain type of vaccine could protect the new form of the virus or be effective enough. In order to lower the infection rate, it is important to know if certain vaccines are suitable for situations in each country. This study aims to compare different vaccines that are rolled out in countries and analyse the resistance to new variants of vaccines by using statistics of types of vaccines used, number of cases, death rates,and vaccination rate in different timelines.
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