International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research ISSN 2348-6988 (online) Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp: (13-22), Month: July - September 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Hybrid Energy Management and Control Strategy of Photovoltaic Generation Systems Brajesh Kumar Ravi1, Prof. Rakesh Rohan2 1
Research Scholar, 2Assistant Professor,
1&2 1&2
Department of Electrical Engineering
Birsa Institute of Technology Sindri, India
Abstract: Energy storage is the capture of energy produced for use at a time to time. Hybrid storage devices are used in microgrids to provide power backup solutions when the distributed energy resources (DERs) are unable to supply the load demands. This work deals with the design and stability analysis of a DC microgrid with batterysupercapacitor energy storage system under variable supercapacitor operating voltage. The conventional design method reported in the literature considers the rated supercapacitor voltage in the modeling and design of controllers. However, the supercapacitor unit can discharge aslow as 10% of its rated voltage due to self discharge. It is observed that the conventional method of controller design can potentially make the system unstable. This paper proposed an optimal super capacitor voltage to be considered in the design is calculated and a design method is proposed to ensure the stability of DC microgrid in all operating modes. Keywords: Energy management, MPPT, bidirectional power converter,photovoltaic, supercapcitor,battery, hybrid power unit.
I. INTRODUCTION The permeability of renewable energy in the microgrid is relatively high, and its intermittence will lead to the fluctuation of power supply in the system. At the same time, the sudden change of load and switch will cause voltage flicker and drop of DC bus, which will threaten the stable operation of the system. The DC microgrid composed of photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage device, grid converter and DC and it is used as the research object load in this work, what's more, based on the bus voltage information, the operation control strategy of microgrid is designed to realize the independent operation of the microgrid, such as parallel in and off the grid. Tremendous advancements occurred over the next century: the development of induction and synchronous machines, electric meters, high voltage transmission, gas turbines, nuclear reactors, wind turbines, and solar photovoltaic’s, to name a few. All of these technologies were turned to the development, advancement, and expansion of "the grid;" the system of large-scale centralized generation connected to energy users through a network of transmission and distribution. But while a seemingly endless supply of effort and funding was being poured into "the largest machine ever built", in recent years another trend in research started, as some began to explore the advantages to moving in the other direction: distributed, decentralized, local grids: microgrids. Batteries and supercapacitors use dc current by their na- ture for charging and discharging. This includes the batteries in electrical vehicles, meaning dc power systems can easily integrate with vehicle-to-grid systems. In addition to the benefits of increasing electrification, another key area of research seeks to identify the most cost effective means for improving electricity access. Several studies have compared outcomes for grid extension vs decentralized generation (using an average cost for all feasible sources), grid extension vs solar home systems (SHS) , SHS vs solar photovoltaic (PV) microgrids, and a three-way comparison between grid extension, renewable-based home systems, and renewable-based microgrids . Each of these studies analyzes some combination of transmission, distribution, fuel, and capital costs for the RE options considered. In general, the results of these studies indicate that while grid extension is typically the least-cost option for RE, decentralized options are significantly more cost-effective in remote and/or sparsely populated areas. In particular, found that in several Sub-Saharan African nations, over 50% of the population could best be served with offgrid power systems. In addition, the rapid decline of solar PV pricing over the last few years indicates that the extent of territory where SHS and PV microgrid systems are the best option will likely increase instead of decrease.
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