ISSN 2348-313X (Print) International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp: (26-31), Month: April - June 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND TOXICITY PROPERTIES OF METHANOL ROOT EXTRACT OF SARCOCEPHALUS LATIFOLIUS IN ALBINO RATS *Jude Nwaogu1, Mbongo, A.N.L2, Yanah Y.M1, Zange,G.G3 1
Department of Biohemistry, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero 2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, Cameroun.
3
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State. *Corresponding Author: Yaksyanah@gmail..com
Abstract: Medicinal plants have the potential to provide compounds of novel and complex structures that are capable of interacting with biological systems. The research into plants with medicinal use as anti-inflammatory and pain relievers is considered as a fruitful and logical strategy in the search for a new anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. Although a large number of synthetic and clinically useful anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs are available in the market, the search for new effective drugs with meaningful safety profile remains vital. Adult albino rats of both sexes weighing between 150-200g/w were used for the experiment and the result obtained showed that the methanol root extract of S. Latifolius significantly reduced inflammation. The extract was found to inhibit carrageen induced paw oedema significantly (P<0.05) by inhibiting mediators of inflammation. This suggests that the extract possess both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity that might be mediated through a common mechanism. Similarly the toxicity profile of the plant extract was assayed and the result obtained showed that there are no signs of toxicity at the acute level but long exposure can pose a threat to healthy living as revealed by the result of the sub-chronic toxicity. It is therefore established that the methanol extract of S. Latifolius has anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: Analgesic, Methanol, Root, screening, Activity.
1. INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants have the potential to provide compounds of novel and complex structures that are capable of interacting with biological systems(Hostettmann et al., 2005) . The research into plants with medicinal use as anti-inflammatory and pain relievers should therefore be considered as a fruitful and logical strategy in the search for a new anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (Macía, 2005). Although a large number of synthetic and clinically useful anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs are available in the market, the search for new effective drugs with meaningful safety profile remains vital (Rsa & Chemical, 2017). Medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory activity are considerably employed in the traditional treatment of several disorders of inflammation. The inflammatory response involves a complex of enzyme activation, mediator release, fluid extravasations, cell migration, tissue breakdown and repair which are aimed at host defense and usually activated in most disease conditions. These different reactions in the inflammatory response cascade are therapeutic targets which anti-inflammatory agents including medicinal plants interfere with to suppress exacerbated inflammatory responses usually invoked in such disorders as rheumatoid arthritis in infection or injury (Osemwegie & Dahunsi, 2015).
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