International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp: (378-397), Month: October 2020 - March 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
RISK FACTORS THAT LEAD TO FEMALE INFERTILITY MUGHNI SABRINA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA, BALI, DENPASAR
Abstract: Infertility happened when a couples age over than 30s with frequent intercourse trying to get pregnant for at least a year with no success. This proposal will be concentrate on the risk factors that can cause female infertility in women. Common thing about this, people know that female infertility is about women age over 30s had difficulty in having a child considering all the causes and risk factor that leads to infertility. As for the treatment, there are many of treatment that available but it is very difficult to diagnose and prevent the cause of fertility.1 This study was using questionnaire survey method. This method was carried out by random distributing the questionnaire to semester 1 till semester 7 female medical student of Udayana University. Regarding this sensitive issue only 80 people willingly to participate. This shows the interest that every female medical regarding this issue. Keywords: risk factor, female infertility, women age, treatment, female medical student.
1. INTRODUCTION Infertility happened when a couples age over than 30s with frequent intercourse trying to get pregnant for at least a year with no success. This proposal will be concentrate on the risk factors that can cause female infertility in women. Common thing about this, people know that female infertility is about women age over 30s had difficulty in having a child considering all the causes and risk factor that leads to infertility. As for the treatment, there are many of treatment that available but it is very difficult to diagnose and prevent the cause of fertility.1 The World Health Organization definition based on 24 months of trying to get pregnant is recommended as the definition that is useful in clinical practice and research among different disciplines. All over the World it affects an estimated 10%15% of couples of reproductive age. Recently, the number of couples seeking treatment for infertility has dramatically increased.2 In general, among infertile couples, women show higher levels of distress than their male partners. Various research studies support the theory that distress is associated with lower pregnancy rates among women pursuing infertility treatment. The factors include age, duration of menstrual cycles, dysmenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, recent weight gain, body mass index (BMI), ovarian dysfunctions, thyroid disorders and uterine abnormalities. 3 There are also a few risk factors that will be discussed below can effect through their daily lifestyle such as age factor, weight, smoking, alcohol, hormones, occupational and stress emotion. This all are the risk factors that will be discussed further in this proposal on how to prevent them from infertility through their lifestyle.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW As from the background about female infertility, these conclude there are lots of factor that can be seen or known or studied. As for this proposal, only few will be mentioned such as age, weight, hormone, smoking, alcohol, stress emotion, occupation and more. These are the few factors that will be discussed in this proposal as this are all the things that human did in their daily life without knowing it can leads them to infertility especially for women. Despite the fact that various studies have demonstrated the importance of the mind–body connection and fertility, the psychosocial aspects of infertility have not been adequately addressed. Psychological factors such as depression, state-
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