International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp: (210-221), Month: October 2020 - March 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
SURVEY OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF DRUG ALLERGY AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRES, DENPASAR, BALI Hemashalini Krishnan1, Bagus Komang Satriyasa2, Desak Ketut Ernawati2, Ni Wayan Sucindra Dewi2 1
Medicine and Doctor Profession, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali
2
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali Email: hemashalini03@gmail.com
Abstract: Adverse drug reactions are common. In Indonesia, especially in Bali, there has not been a published data of knowledge and attitudes regarding drug allergy among healthcare practitioners. To determine the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding drug allergy among healthcare professionals in Public Health Centres, Denpasar, Bali, a validated questionnaire was adapted from the previous study to assess knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding drug allergy.. The questionnaire comprised three categories of questions: (1) demographic and occupational characteristics; (2) knowledge pattern; (3) attitudes pattern. The survey conducted from 11 Public Health Centres anonymously participated in the cross-sectional study. A total of 179 / 264 of HCPs from 11 Public Health Centres in Denpasar, Bali completed the survey questionnaire, giving an overall response rate of 67.8%. Most HCPs 70.4% (126/179) had moderate knowledge regarding drug allergy. Majority were 77.8% (21/27) of doctors. Only 19.6% (35/179) of HCPs had good knowledge of drug allergy. Majority of HCPs 80.4% (144/179) were strongly agreed to receive advanced knowledge on DHRs. Most of HCPs showed moderate level of knowledge regarding drug allergy. Majority HCPs were strongly agreed to the attitudes of drug allergy statements. Advanced education became crucial to improve the knowledge of HCPs regarding drug allergy. Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Drug allergy; Healthcare professionals.
1. INTRODUCTION Adverse drug reactions are common. An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as any harmful or unintended reaction to a drug that occurs at doses used for prevention, diagnosis, or treatment. 1 ADRs are prevalent between 15% and 25% of patients in routine clinical practice, with serious reactions occurring in 7% to 13% of patients. ADRs are classified as either predictable reactions that may occur in anyone (type A) or unpredictable reactions that occur in susceptible individuals (type B). The most common type of ADR is the predictable reactions, usually dose-dependent, which are correlated with drug’s documented pharmacological activities (e.g., side effects, overdose, drugs interactions). Unpredictable reactions occur in approximately 20–25% of patients who experience ADRs; these reactions are generally unrelated to the pharmacologic actions of the drug. 2 According to World Allergy Organization (2014), 3 drug allergy is one type of unpredictable ADR that encompasses a spectrum of immunologically mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) with varying mechanisms and clinical presentations. Till now there are still lack of reliable biological tests to identify these antibodies and cells, DHRs is recommend as the appropriate term for drug reactions resembling allergy. These reactions can be life threatening, may require or prolong hospitalization and necessitate changes in subsequent therapy. It is not known the true incidence of
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