International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp: (168-173), Month: October 2020 - March 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
CORRELATION BETWEEN LIPID PROFILE AND HBA1C IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT KLINIK KESIHATAN KUALA LUMPUR Kerthana Sunderasagar1, I Nyoman Wande2, Desak Gde Diah Dharma Santhi2, Ni Kadek Mulyantari2 1
Medicine and Doctor Profession, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali Department of Clinical Pathology RSUP Sanglah/Medical Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali
2
Email: anakerthana@gmail.com
Abstract: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrinological disorder which is associated with hyperglycemia characterized by both insulin resistancy and insulin deficiency. Abnormality in lipid profile leads to cardiovascular risks. Elevation of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) are the characteristics of abnormality in lipid profile. Methods: This analytical research design with approach of cross sectional has been done in Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Unit, Diabetic Clinic, Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Lumpur from January to October 2020. Data was taken from medical records of patients and those with incomplete data were excluded from this study. Based on the findings from Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Lumpur a total of 121 samples were collected and all the samples are been used in this study for better results. Results: It is found that there is a correlation between high total cholesterol level with high level of HbA1c, where 91.2% of those have high level of cholesterol also have high level of HbA1c (r=0.331; p=0.001). There is significant correlation between high level of triglyceride and low level of HDL with high level of HbA1c. Around 87.3% of patients have high level of triglyceride also have a high level of HbA1c (r=0.259; p=0.014). In addition, approximately 89.7% of patients who have low level of HDL also have a high level of HbA1c (r=0.202; p=0.037). Conclusion: There is correlation between lipid profile and HbA1c in patients with T2DM Keywords: Lipid profile, HbA1c, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients, Malaysia.
1. INTRODUCTION Diabetes is prone to be known as the life-long disease that affects the way human bodies handle glucose. According to National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK), pancreas makes a hormone called insulin. Insulin typically allows cells to turn glucose from food consumed into energy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease identified by high levels of blood glucose caused by the decrease in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. This disease is a severe health problem because it causes many complications both acute and chronic in almost all organs of the body. Most DM patients die because of kidney failure, heart disease, stroke, or infection. 1,2 In accordance to the NIDDK, a hemoglobin A1c test also known as (HbA1c) test is been used widely to measure the amount of blood glucose which is the glucose attached to hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a segment of the red blood cell which functions by carrying oxygen from lungs to the rest of the body. A HbA1c test shows what is the average amount of glucose attached to hemoglobin for the past three months. 11 The reading obtained is for the recent three months because that is the normal range of how long a red blood cell lives in the human body. 3 The Abbreviated Report of WHO Consultation, entitled the use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diagnosing of diabetes mellitus has stated that the hemoglobin A1C assay has become the gold-standard measurement of chronic glycemia for over the years. 3
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