ISSN 2348-1196 (print) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research ISSN 2348-120X (online) Vol. 9, Issue 1, pp: (10-18), Month: January - March 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
The State of E-Government Implementation in Jordan Waleed Asender1, Muhsin Mustafa Hassan2, Mohd Adam Suhaimi3 1,2,3 1,2,3
Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology
International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors Emails: 1walidov@gmail.com, 2mohsn.mustafa@gmail.com, 3adam@iium.edu.my
Abstract: E-Government is the application of ICT in government operations, achieving public ends by digital means, the main objective is to utilize the ICTs to deliver government services to citizens and businesses more effectively and efficiently. The Jordanian government's efforts towards e‐governance are commendable, however, there are certain impediments that caused a significant regression in the E-Government Development Index rank for Jordan in the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to assess the efforts made by Jordan in the direction of e‐governance in the past two decades, the main obstacles faced by these efforts, the real reasons behind the significant regression of the EGDI rank in the past 10 years, and finally give recommendations to address these challenges and succeed in the process of E-government implementation in Jordan. E-Government Development Index (EGDI) is a global rank published by the UN since 2003 that presents the state of e-government development in 193 countries, it combines a set of indicators that evaluates the level of e-governance implementation in the specific country. Jordan ranked 117 in 2020 with a score of 0.5309 increasing 66 ranks from 51 in 2010. The EGDI has three important dimensions taken into consideration in the process of measurement: Provision of Online Services, Telecommunication Infrastructure and Human Capacity. This paper will study the current situation in Jordan within these dimensions to discover the short comes and offer recommendations towards solving this problem. Keywords: E-government, Jordan, E-transformation, ICT, EGDI, Challenges, Readiness, OSI, TII, HCI.
I. INTRODUCTION In the era of digital, it became vital to provide governmental services online to citizens. E-government is the use of information and communications technologies (ICTs), such as mobiles, computers and the Internet, to provide public services to citizens and other persons in a country or region [1]. An efficient e-government will ease the daily interaction between the government and the citizens (G2C) resulting in significant saving of time and resources, increase the quality of governmental service, increases trust in the government by giving accessibility to crucial official information needed by the citizens, empower people to get involved in the process of decision-making, increase transparency and traceability of transactions and bridge the digital divide. Since its inception in 2001, the United Nations E-Government Survey (UNEGS) has become an indispensable “ranking, mapping and measuring” tool for policymakers and analysts engaged in comparative analysis and contemporary research on e-government. This survey has introduced the E-Government Development Index (EGDI). It is a comparative ranking of 193 countries of the world which assesses e-government development at the national level according to three primary indicators: i) the Online Service Index (OSI) that measures the online presence of the government in terms of service delivery; ii) the Telecommunication Infrastructure Index (TII); iii) Human Capital Index (HCI). Constructing a model for the measurement of digitized services, the Survey assesses the 193 member states of the UN according to a quantitative composite index of e-government readiness based on website assessment: telecommunication infrastructure and human resource endowment [2]. Another indicator to evaluate a country’s e-government implementation level is the EParticipation Index (EPI), this metric is also provided by UN’s E-government survey, it extends the dimension of the Survey by focusing on the use of online services to facilitate provision of information by governments to citizens (“einformation sharing”), interaction with stakeholders (“e-consultation”), and engagement in decision-making processes
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