International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp: (95-102), Month: October 2020 - March 2021, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
POTENTIAL OF BROCCOLI (Brassica Oleracea L. Var italica) EXTRACT AGAINST THE REDUCTION OF MDA LEVELS IN DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II Fadilla Ummaiya1, Widya Hardianti2, Dyta Putri Aryo3, Elvina Veronica4, I Wayan Sugiritama5 1-4
Medical Student of Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia 5
Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and accompanied by various metabolic disorders due to abnormal insulin secretion. Around 90% of DM cases in the world are type 2 of DM and 80% of them are found in developing countries. Indonesia ranks seventh in the country with the most diabetes cases in the world. DM treatment usually expensives and has adverse effects so alternative treatments are needed which are relatively inexpensive, whose properties are not much different from synthetic drugs and are safe for consumption in the long term. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var Italica) is a kind of vegetable that is easy to find and cultivate and contains lots of antioxidants and nutrients. The aim of knowing the potential of broccoli in reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with type 2 of DM. Methods: The study was derived from various relevant literatures in last 10 years using keywords. Literature from international journals and national journals accessed on PubMed, Garuda, NCBI, and Google Scholar. Results: Antioxidants in extract of broccoli are hepatoprotective and reduce MDA levels in type 2 of DM patients by inhibiting the initiation and propagation of free radical oxidation reactions. Conclusion: Broccoli’s extract has the potential to reduce MDA levels in patients with Type 2 of Diabetes Melitus. Keywords: Broccoli, Malondialdehid, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.
I. INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and accompanied by various metabolic disorders due to abnormalities in insulin secretion.1 Peoples are more familiar with the term diabetes mellitus as diabetes.2 A person is said to have diabetes if the blood glucose level exceeds 200 mg / dl and the person's fasting blood sugar level is greater than 126 mg / dl.3 In addition, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus can be done by oral glucose tolerance tests. Diabetes mellitus can generally be classified into two types, namely diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetes mellitus type 2. Diabetes type 1 is diabetes that occurs due to damage the beta cells in the pancreas while diabetes type 2 is diabetes due to insulin resistance.4 In patients with insulin resistance, the hormone insulin can’t work properly so that blood sugar cannot be converted into glycogen. As a result there is a buildup of blood sugar in the blood so that it can cause type 2 of diabetes mellitus.3 The most common complications of diabetes mellitus type 2 were microvascular complications (57%) followed by complications of diabetic neuropathy (45.6%) and diabetic retinopathy (20.7%), while cases of macrovascular complications were most often found in patients with type 2 of diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot (29.9%) followed by coronary heart disease (29.9%), and cerebrovascular disease (19.4%).5 The severity of complications of Diabetes mellitus type 2 can be measured by performing kidney function tests. The prognosis of a complication of diabetes mellitus type 2 is said to get worse if the results of renal function tests show a drastic decrease in renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and a drastic increase in urea nitrogen and creatinine levels.6
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