ISSN 2348-1218 (print) International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp: (92-99), Month: October - December 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
RHIZOBIAL IMMUNITY THROUGH GREEN MANURE: AN ENHANCED INOCULATED TECHNIQUE FOR ORGANIC FERTILIZERS PROCESSING Dr. Menka Sisodia Department of Zoology The Graduate School College for Women, Jamshedpur, Kolhan University, Chaibasa Pin code-831001, Jharkhand. Email.id-menkasisodia1@gmail.com
Abstract: It has been proved that there is a definite increase in the total nitrogen content of legumes when inoculated with specific bacterial culture of the right type and efficiency. Inoculation is the process of mixing the most appropriate Bactria with benefits are derived from the symbiotic association green manure crops have the ability to fix gaseous nitrogen from the air with the oid of rhizobia which live in the nodutes on the roots of the begume plants. Therefore, it becomes necessary to inoculate the legume seeds with beneficial strains of proper root nodule bacteria. Keywords: nitrogen, green manure, plants, necessary, bacteria.
1. INTRODUCTION The leguminous green manure crops have the ability to fix gaseous nitrogen from the air with the aid of rhizobia which live in nodules on the roots of the legume plants. The bacteria live symbiotically in nodules , with the plants providing food and energy for the organisms which , in turn , benefit the host plant by fixing nitrogen from the air . Consequent on this symbiotic relationship the leguminous plants succeed in enriching the soil nitrogen status only in the presence of proper nodule bacteria . As many soils do not contain the appropriate strains of bacteria , it becomes necessary to inoculate the legume seeds with the specific strains of rhizobia in order to ensure better growth of the host plant and effective nitrogen fixation by the nodule organisms . Without Rhizobium bacteria , the leguminous green manure crops may deplete the soil of nitrogen like any other non - leguminous plants instead of replenishing the soil nitrogen store . Among the root nodule bacteria ( rhizobia ) , there are several types and strains which are specific for different legumes . For best results , appropriate strains of Rhizobium bacteria for each legume should be present . It may be that poor and ineffective forms of many of the strains of rhizobia are present in normal soils . They may produce nodules that provide little or no nitrogen .Therefore, it becomes necessary to inoculate the legume seeds with beneficial strains of proper root nodule bacteria . The process of nitrogen fixation begins as soon as or shortly after the formation of nodules , and continues as long as the nodules remain firm and healthy . The maximum nitrogen fixation is found to take place at the flowering stage of the host plant . The percentage of nitrogen progressively decreases as the seed formation proceeds and the nitrogen percentage in the nodules approximates to that of the root by the time the seed is ripened .
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