ISSN 2348-313X (Print) International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp: (46-50), Month: October - December 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
GREEN REVOLUTION: AN IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT Dr. Menka Sisodia Department of Zoology The Graduate School College for Women, Jamshedpur, Kolhan University, Chaibasa Pin code-831001, Jharkhand. Email.id-menkasisodia1@gmail.com
Abstract: In the pre-indeoendence period, Indian agriculture was usually described as a gamble with monsoons. There used to be a great. deal of uncertainty about crop prospects, as monsoons played a decsive role in determining agricultural output and resulting in widespread famine and misery. As the green revolution was launched in Indias, substantial increase and production of food grains was achieved through the use of improved crop varieties and higher levels of inputs of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals. If society wishes to reduce environmental problems by recycling organic materials, it must either subsidize their use or offer some incentives to the farmer. Keywords: Green Revolution, Indian agriculture, fertilizers, plant protection chemicals, environmental problems, organic materials.
1. INTRODUCTION Agriculture has been the basic source of subsistence for man over thousand of years. It provides a livelihood to half of the world’s population even today. According to the food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO), People in the developing world, where the population increase is very rapid, may face hunger if the global food production does not rose by 50-60 per cent by the year 2040 AD. The contribution of developing countries to world Agricultural production in 1975 was about 38 per cent, while that of developed countries, which account for 33 per cent of world’s population, was 62 per cent. Only those countries which can match the demand of the increasing population with increase production can escape mass hunger. 1.1. The Green Revolution After the green revolution was launched in India, substantial increase in the production of food grains was achieved through the use of improved crop varieties and higher levels of inputs of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals. But it has now been realised that the increase in production was achieved at the cost of soil health and that sustainable production at higher levels is possible only by the priper use of factors which will help to maintain the fertility of the soil. In fact, about 60 per cent of our agriculture land currently under cultivation suffer from indiscriminate use of irrigation water and chemical fertilizers. The gravity of environmental degradation resulting from faulty agricultural practices has caused alarm among the concerned farmer scientists and conservationists and greater viable and sustainable farming systems has become a necessity. There has been a series of seminars and policy conference on this issue. One such alternative agriculture system which will help to overcome the problems of soil degradation and declining soil fertility is organic farming and ecological agriculture.
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