ISSN 2348-1218 (print) International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp: (80-86), Month: October - December 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
EVALUATION OF RATES OF PROPANIL FOR WEED CONTROL IN RICE (Oriza sativa (L.)) AT YOLA, NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA OF NIGERIA Talaka, A. Department of Crop Production Technology, Federal Polytechnic, P. M. B. 05 Bali, Taraba State-Nigeria
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of the Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola during 2010 and 2011 raining seasons to study rates of propanil for weed control in rice (Oriza sativa (L.)) at Yola Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The experimental design used was split plot. The treatments were five propanil rates (0 kg a. i. /ha, 2 kg a. i. /ha, 4 kg a. i. /ha, 6 kg a. i. /ha and 8 kg a. i. /ha) assigned to sub plots and were replicated four times. Data collected were establishment count, crop vigour, plant height, weed count, weed dry weight, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha) and 1000-grains weight. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) appropriate to split plot design as described by Gomez and Gomez (1984). Means were separated using least significance difference (LSD) at 5% probability level. The result revealed that all the parameters measured (establishment count, crop vigour, plant height, wed count, weed cover, wed dry weight, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grains weight and yield (kg/ha)) were significantly affected. Effect of propanil rates on establishment count, crop vigour, plant height, at 30 DAS, weed count and weed dry weight revealed that 0 kg a. i. /ha proved the best while yield parameters measured revealed that 4 kg a. i. /ha proved the best in two years raining season followed by 6 kg a. i. /ha. Effect of propanil rates on yield parameters revealed that propanil rate of 4 kg a. i. /ha proved the best. Based on the result obtained, it can be concluded that propanil rate of 4 kg a. i. /ha should be adopted in rice fields in Yola and its surrounding environs within the same ecological zone. Keywords: Evaluation, rates of propanil, and weed control.
I. INTRODUCTION Rice is one of the most important cereal crops in the world and a stable food for more than half of the population of the world (Ginigaddara and Ramanukharaechchi, 2009). It is the main livelihood of the rural population living in subtropical and tropical Asia and hundreds of millions of people living in Latin America (Juliano, 1993). Rice is a very important source of foreign exchange earnings giving about US $ 932.6 million annually through its export in Thailand (Anon, 2004). It is the most important food crop in developing countries and account for 29 % of the total calorie in-take of this population (Jonhson, 1996). The global rice production is estimated at 454.6 million tonnes annually with an average yield of 4.25 tonnes per hectare (Fazlollah et al., 2011). In Nigeria, rice is cultivated virtually in the entire Northern Guinea Savanna agro ecological zone (Usman, 2012). Land under rice cultivation in Nigeria has increased from 1,609,890 ha in 2005/2006 to 2,012,740 ha in 2009/2010, while production has moved from 3,286,500 metric tonnes in 2005/2006 to 4,080,940 metric tonnes in 2009/2010 (Usman, 2012). An average Nigeria consumes about 24.8 kg of rice per year (Usman, 2012). Rice importation in Nigeria has grown from less than 500,000 metric tonnes in 1994 to 2.1 million metric tonnes in 2011. Between 2008 and 2011, Nigeria spent an average of US $ 2.5 billion on rice importation (Ibrahim, et al., 2011).
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