ISSN 2348-1218 (print) International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp: (33-42), Month: October - December 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Low self Esteem and Psychopathology in Children with Subnormal Intelligence Prachi Sharma1, Dinesh Panchal2 1 1
Faculty of Rehabilitation Psychology & Research Scholar, 2Rtd. Professor of Psychology
B.M. Institute of Mental Health & Sabarmati University, 2Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
Abstract: In stressful and competitive social life people try to live fit in all possible ways. Their effort to live physically as well as mentally fit gives success and happiness in the life. With objective to see the effect of psychosocial stressors on children and adolescents of ages between 8 years to 14 years from middle and low socioeconomic family. The major criteria to qualify as a sample was that the sample should be with subnormal intelligence (IQ >70 & <90) and with low self-esteem. A group of total 32 children and adolescents could be taken as a sample for this research which was found with help of administering Binet- Kamat Test of intelligence and Rosenberg self-esteem Scale. Developmental psychopathology Checklist was applied on each 32 children and adolescents. The data was analysed using product moment correlation method with help of statistical software, named Python panda. The research finding shows that psycho-social stressors affect the children and adolescents negatively irrespective to their age, gender and socio-economic conditions. The children and adolescents having low self-esteem with the intellectually subnormal condition may develop psychopathic symptoms. This research also reveals that males are more prone to develop psychopathic symptoms. Similarly, children are found more sensitive toward psychosocial stressor to develop psychopathology and middle-class children and adolescents are more prone to develop psychopathology than the low socio-economic status. Keywords: Psychosocial stressors, Low self-esteem, Psychopathology, Intellectually- subnormal.
1. INTRODUCTION In current stressful and competitive social life people tries to live fit in all way at their different levels. Their effort to live physically as well as mentally fit sometimes gives success and happiness but at the same time it is very common in current scenario and life style that due to improper guidance and/or expectations from family, financial or social support, our state of psychological well-being gets disturbed. Without any significant alarm it starts capturing the entire areas of the person’s life and directly attacks on motivation to do something better by accepting the common challenges – big or small in minimized way. The way to live a happy life with all hurdles, taking it positively, it improves self-esteem level of a person. Similarly, life challenges become more critical due to person’s own negativity or negative thinking pattern which always de motivates in starting new things or accepting the challenges to get a successful and happy life. In their study Brodski & Hutz, 2012 found negative correlations between emotional abuse and self-esteem, positive affect, and life satisfaction. Positive correlations were found between emotional abuse, age and negative affect. Memories of emotional abuse were significantly more frequent in students who reported being raised under negligent and authoritarian parenting styles than in those who were raised under the other parenting styles. Continues failure or result bellow the expectations create different emotional disturbance in person which can be convert in psychopathic personality. In his research done in USA, Zeigler-Hill, 2011 found that high self-esteem appears to act as a resource that buffers people from negative experiences; while those with low self-esteem, in contrast, may be more likely to experience various forms of psychopathology because they lack these resources. Similarly Lehmann, Havik, Havik, & Heiervang, 2013 in their research done on foster home children of Norway, found high prevalence of mental disorders in school- aged foster children, as well as a high rate of co-morbidity. The findings also indicated strong association between indicators of early deficits in care, placement history, and mental disorders.
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