ISSN 2348-313X (Print) International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp: (14-17), Month: October - December 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Toxic Impact of Endosulfan on Serum Creatinine Level in Clarias batrachus: In vivo study Prakash Singh1, Rizwan Ahmad1, G.B. Chand1* 1
Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Patna University Patna- 800 005. Email: gbchand@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Pesticides are being used to keep pests away from the crops. They kill the pests but also cause imbalance in ecosystem. Endosulfan was also used extensively in Indian agriculture as pesticide. The residues of endosulfan reach to water bodies mostly through agricultural runoff and causes severe damage to aquatic fauna predominantly to fishes. They come in direct exposure to this toxic chemical which has been implicated a gradual toxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity and various other biochemical alterations in fishes. Present study is designed to study the alterations in serum creatinine in the blood serum of Clarias batrachus on exposure to various concentration of endosulfan in a dose as well as duration dependent manner. After statistical analysis of the data, it has been observed that alterations caused in creatinine are highly significant (p>0.001). This may be due to deteriorating effects of endosulfan on glomerular fenestrae. The results indicate the nephrotoxic nature of endosulfan in fishes. Keywords: Clarias batrachus, Endosulfan, Creatinine, Nephrotoxicity.
I. INTRODUCTION Endosulfan is a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide and acaricide of the cyclodiene subgroup, which acts as a poison. The lipophilic nature, hydrophobicity and low chemical and biological degradation rate of organochlorine pesticides have led to their accumulation in biological tissues and subsequent magnification of concentration in organism progressing up in food chain. Exposure of endosulfan is implicated in several health anomalies in laboratory animals. It is reported to be teratogenic, carcinogenic, nephrotoxic causing severe glomerulonephritis, neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, gonadotoxic. Besides, endosulfan is known to damage the endocrine system, nervous system, circulatory, reproductive, respiratory and excretory systems and developing foetus. Serum creatinine is an important indicator of renal health since it is an easily measured by-product of muscle metabolism and excreted almost unchanged by the kidneys. Creatinine itself is produced via a biological system involving creatine, phosphocreatine, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Creatinine is removed from the blood chiefly by the kidneys, primarily by glomerular filtration, but also by proximal tubular secretion. Little or no tubular reabsorption of creatinine occurs. If the filtration in the kidney is deficient, creatinine blood levels rise. Therefore, creatinine levels in blood and urine may be used to calculate the creatinine clearance, which correlates with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Blood creatinine levels may also be used alone to calculate the estimated GFR (eGFR). In the present study, the biochemical alteration in serum creatinine content of fresh water air breathing fish Clarias batrachus has been enumerated due to exposure of environmentally relevant concentration of endosulfan which is primarily associated with acute renal failure and mortality in the fish.
Page | 14 Research Publish Journals