ISSN 2348-1218 (print) International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 3, pp: (76-88), Month: July - September 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
To analyse the performance parameters of CRN in the Presence of the Primary Users Sadhana Mishra1, Ranjeet Singh Tomar2, Shailendra Singh Ojha3 1, 2, 3
ITM University, Gwalior, M.P., India
Abstract: Cognitive Radio (CR) is the key enabling technology which is used to sense, measure, learn, and be aware of the parameters of the radio channel, availability of power and spectrum, modulation schemes, radio’s operating environment, available infrastructures and number of active users etc. In this paper, a simulation framework of CRN is proposed which is based on NetSim Version 9.0 simulator. This framework can be used to investigate and evaluate the impact of operational interval on the performance parameters such as spectral efficiency, delay, Interference time, and throughput of the CRN. CRNs performance parameters such as spectral efficiency, delay, interference time, and throughput are evaluated over Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) using NetSim. This work also demonstrates some important network parameters such as packet transmitted, payload transmitted, and overhead transmitted. Individual Link throughput and application throughput are also demonstrated by enabling the real-time trace in NetSim at different operational intervals. These network performance parameters play an important role in real-time reliable applications. Analysis of the results demonstrate that the throughput and spectral efficiency increases with increase in operational interval. It is also demonstrated that the delay is decreasing with increase in operational interval. Keywords: Cognitive Radio, CRNs, Primary User, Secondary User, Spectral Efficiency, Throughput, Operational Interval, NetSim.
I. INTRODUCTION Cognitive radio is one of the most promising technology for next generation wireless networks to improve spectrum utilization. A CR can change its transmission parameters such as frequency, transmission power, modulation, bandwidth etc. according to the information obtained from the environment [1]. A spectrum hole has been defined as “a band of frequencies assigned to a primary user, but at a particular time and specific geographic location, the band is not being utilized by that user. There is a problem of spectrum scarcity in wireless communication which could be resolved by proper utilization of spectrum. A lot of research studies on CR have been done to resolve the problem of spectrum scarcity [1]. With the rapid growth of wireless services, spectrum resource has become insufficient so it should be utilized more efficiently. Cognitive radio networks can increase the spectrum utilization by permitting Cognitive Radio users to obtain the spectrum bands which are not utilized by primary users in such a way so it will not create any interference to Primary Users. Authors in [3] proposed a relay selection approach with channel allocation for CR relay channels. NetSim CR module works on the IEEE 802.22 CR standard and the standard parameters are set from a given set of parameters. Besides, it can connect a CR with Internetwork devices and run all the protocols supported in Internetworks [10]. Fig. 1 is representing a generalized Cognitive radio network which is consisting number of Cognitive Radio Users, Primary Users, Base stations etc. Each Cognitive Radio user is allowed to access the licensed channels of Primary Users, which are not utilized by the primary users. Primary Users are also known as Licensed Users/Incumbent whereas Cognitive Radio Users are called as Unlicensed Users/Secondary Users. Cognitive Radio was proposed as the means to promote the efficient use of spectrum by exploiting the existence of spectrum holes. In this paper, Primary Users and Cognitive Radio Users are operating in the 54 - 60 MHz frequency band. This frequency band (54 - 60 MHz) is utilized by Primary User for 10 seconds and then Cognitive Radio Users access this band for the duration of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 seconds of time. With an interval of every 2 seconds Cognitive Radio Users
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